People's Well-rounded Development:The Value Orientation of Common Prosperity in the New Era

Achieving common prosperity for all is an important feature of Chinese modernization and an essential requirement of socialism with Chinese characteristics,with the core value orientation of promoting the people’s well-rounded development.This reflects the close relationship between people’s well-rounded development and common prosperity and implies that common prosperity is not just an economic issue,but also a political matter,a moral subject,and a human rights goal.Being“people-centered”is the core positioning of common prosperity,with its inherent collective and individual attributes.In terms of the object dimension of prosperity,it encompasses a wide range of rights such as material and spiritual well-being,which are advanced in a coordinated manner,and a deepening level of guarantee gradually improving.In the practical concept of“shared development,”it emphasizes the unity of state obligations and individual responsibilities,as well as the phased approach and promotion of common prosperity through the rule of law.Therefore,the essence of common prosperity lies in shifting from a“material-centered”perspective to a“people’s well-rounded development-centered”perspective.It combines the principles of fairness and inclusiveness with the recognition of diverse developmental needs.The focus is on enhancing the subjective initiative of the people,aiming to truly achieve the happiness of the people and promote people’s well-rounded development through the realization of“common prosperity.”

Coordinating Regional Development as a Solid Foundation for Common Prosperity

Coordinating regional development is a key step for China to achieve the goal of common prosperity for all. From the era of the planned economy to the development,consolidation and improvement of the socialist market economic system after reform and opening up since 1978, as a key target of economic development, China has been committed to balancing regional development, and after decades-long explorations and relentless efforts made great progress. Coordinated regional development-as manifested in narrowed regional development gaps, more equal access to basic public services and eradication of regional absolute poverty-has paved the way for more substantive progress to be made in delivering common prosperity for all. Despite the progress, China still needs to further improve institutional systems for regional coordination and undergird the regional foundation for common prosperity according to the requirements of its new development stage. Specifically, China should focus on the following priorities:(i) Strengthen institutional infrastructure, smooth regional internal and external circulations, and develop a unified domestic market at a higher level;(ii) give full play to the role of the government in equalizing access to basic public services, promoting infrastructure connectivity and protecting basic living standards;(iii) optimize integrated urban-rural development mechanisms, take solid steps to revitalize the countryside, and further coordinate urban and rural development;(iv) improve the layout of the industrial chain and advance interregional industrial chain upgrade and social progress.

On Narrowing Income Gap, Integrated Urban-Rural Development and Common Prosperity

The discussion of common prosperity in this paper revolves around the following two aspects. First, the promotion of common prosperity requires a solid material foundation;solving poverty as measured by the absolute income standard serves as the basic requirement of becoming rich;the future rural relative poverty is a common problem and challenge that most of China’s provinces are facing;and increasing farmers’ income is a problem that must be solved within the framework of integrated urban-rural development. Second, narrowing the income gap is one of the essential requirements of common prosperity;narrowing the income gap to a certain level and achieving the unity of the development and sharing and the harmony of efficiency and fairness constitute the essential component of “common”;and the current urban-rural absolute income gap in China remains large, which violates the concept of shared development, is not conducive to sharing the achievements of economic development by the people as a whole, inhibits economic growth, and hinders the construction of a new development paradigm. Therefore, firmly grasping the mainline of integrated urban-rural development, strengthening overall planning and top-level design, and compensating for the institutional disadvantages of the dual division of urban and rural areas should be the main strategic focuses for promoting common prosperity in China.

The Moral Orientation of Solidly Promoting Common Prosperity for All People in the New Era

The moral connotation of solidly promoting common prosperity for all people in the new era has been formed in the interaction between history and practice.It features the full coverage of the subjects of common prosperity,the richness of the content,the gradualness of the process,and the authenticity of the practice.As the core structural elements,the three units of consciousness,namely,the moral logic of putting people first,the moral model of coordinated development,and the moral ideal of coexistence,form the organic whole of the moral pattern of solidly promoting common prosperity for all people in the new era.The moral practice of solidly promoting common prosperity for all people in the new era refers to the maximum realization of the value and dignity of human survival and development.The pursuit of high-quality development is also the striving for common prosperity,the pioneering spirit and collective consciousness highlighted in the construction of the demonstration zones for realizing common prosperity,and the role of the third distribution and the upholding of fairness and justice have vividly demonstrated the moral practice of solidly promoting common prosperity for all people in the new era.

Theoretical Connotation and Quantitative Measurement of Common Prosperity

It is of great importance to fully understand the connotation of and identify a quantitative method to measure common prosperity in China.This paper starts with a theoretical framework of fairness,efficiency,development,and shared prosperity,draws upon the proper understanding of common prosperity with Chinese characteristics,and explores a globally quantitative measurement of common prosperity,with a focus on the outcomes of national prosperity and prosperity for all.Furthermore,this paper discusses the assumptions and mathematical expressions of the quantitative function and analyzes the structural implications of indicator dimensions,functional relations,and variable standardization to ultimately provide a solid quantitative foundation for promoting common prosperity.The findings show that the quantitative measurement of common prosperity proposed in this paper performs stably in terms of weights,thresholds,and indicator settings.Based on the data of 162 economies collected between 1990 and 2020,this paper finds that China has made great progress in promoting common prosperity,which showcases the strengths of the country’s socialist system.

Scientific Connotation,Intrinsic Relationship,and Strategic Key Points for Rural Revitalization under the Goal of Common Prosperity

This paper analyzes rural revitalization under the goal of common prosperity.Firstly,on the basis of making clear what common prosperity is in the new era along with its connotation,the connotation of rural revitalization under the goal of common prosperity is systematically delved into six dimensions:subject,motivation,content,path,process,and goal.Secondly,the intrinsic relationship between common prosperity and rural revitalization is examined from the perspectives of rural revitalization,common prosperity,and development.Thirdly,grounded on theoretical analysis,this paper outlines strategic key points for rural revitalization under the goal of common prosperity upon applying designing principles to practice.

The Chinese Path to Rural Common Prosperity:Based on an Analysis of Jiangsu and Zhejiang Rural Demonstration Projects

Common prosperity in rural areas is integral to achieving common prosperity.This paper makes an in-depth analysis of Jiangsu and Zhejiang rural demonstration projects from a state-society interaction perspective.Pathway analysis is based on the framework of“high-level promotion-endogenous development”linked by the advancement of the building of the Communist Party of China and the Party’s leading role:high-level promotion,through multi-level responsibilization,ensures policy implementation,while endogenous development,driven by endogenous breakthroughs and economies of scale brought about by industrial integration,generates explosive dynamics through common interest bonding.By linking high-level promotion with endogenous development,the advancement of Party building and the Party’s leading role ensure benign interaction between state and society.The combined efforts of state and society creates a“common prosperity effect,”effectively solving the thorny problem of“weak society”in the welfare system of developing countries and that of the“welfare trap”in the welfare system of welfare states.This,in a sense,enables China to embark on the road to rural common prosperity.

China: Achieving the Vision of Common Prosperity in 2035

This paper discusses how to realize the visionary goal of “basically realizing socialist modernization by 2035 and achieving more obvious and substantial progress in the common prosperity of all people,” proposed by the fifth plenary session of the 19th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. Based on the Marxist political economy, this paper focuses on the theoretical and practical issues of common prosperity. It then comprehensively elaborates on the profound connotation of common prosperity, the goals, the ways by which to achieve it, and the design of indicator system and assessment methods to be used. Looking ahead to the next years, it makes a medium- and long-term analysis and forecasts on the economic and social goals related to the development of common prosperity from 2021 to 2035, analyzes the opportunities and challenges involved in achieving common prosperity, proposes to continuously narrow the three major development gaps between regions, urban and rural areas, and residents' incomes, realizes the goal of equalizing basic public services, and finally offers a strategic path by which to achieve common prosperity over a series of steps and stages. The strategic path, major tasks, and key measures for achieving common prosperity in stages featured in the Chinese experience will provide the rest of the world with references by which to solve the challenges of wealth gaps for humankind.

开发保护饮食非遗 赋能乡村振兴促进共同富裕

共同富裕是中华民族千百年来的共同理想。在消除绝对贫困后,如何在广大农村地区坚持高质量发展,减少相对贫困,实现乡村振兴就是社会主义共同富裕的必经之路。而饮食非遗延续自数千年来的传统农业生活,根植于乡土文化土壤中,也同乡村振兴一样遇到经济条件差,传统断层等问题。绍兴市从饮食非遗的活态开发保护中,走出了一条社会经济文化价值并存,促振兴致共富的创新之路。

新质生产力的内涵特征、内在逻辑和实现途径——推进中国式现代化的新动能

新质生产力是生产力在信息化、智能化社会中,随着科技创新的提质增速和高端产业的勃兴融合呈现的高级形态,主要包含“高素质”劳动者、“新介质”劳动资料和“新料质”劳动对象三大要素。生产力的发展是实现中国式现代化的根本前提,作为先进的生产力,新质生产力同中国式现代化全体人民共同富裕的目标指向、协调发展的根本要求、和平发展的实现路径具有高度适配性,是推进中国式现代化的新动能。为使新质生产力真正增益于中国式现代化,要以新质生产力服务高质量发展,为中国式现代化奠定坚实的物质基础;要推进原始创新、集成创新、开放创新,以科技创新涵养新质生产力;要壮大战略性新兴产业、积极培育未来产业,推动新质生产力茁壮成长;要塑造劳动者的科学思维、增强劳动者的创新能力、培育劳动者的协作精神,确保新质生产力竞相迸发与充分涌流。

共享式发展:职业教育服务共同富裕的四维统筹制度设计与实施路径

职业教育服务共同富裕的实质是自上而下、由内而外的共享式发展,其实现依赖于完善的制度设计。根据新制度经济学的观点,职业教育服务共同富裕具有“规则体系社会嵌入”“向下因果关系重构”和“集体稳定性获益”的制度需求。从纵向贯通、横向融通、产教融合、区域发展四个方面,统筹设计职业教育服务共同富裕的制度体系,包括“中职—高职专科—职业本科”的衔接制度、“职普互通—协调发展”的等值转换制度、“畅通互嵌—长效协同”的自组织制度体系以及“城市群—乡村振兴”融合对接的战略格局。推进职业教育服务共同富裕的制度实施,亟待优化职业教育供给结构,探索职普协调育人模式;发挥企业双重主体作用,创新产教融合合作机制;以“双高”院校辐射涉农职校,协同区域经济发展。

共同富裕进程中的数字普惠金融作用研究——基于我国254个地级市面板数据的分析

数字普惠金融利用数字技术手段实现金融服务的“精准滴灌”与“低成本覆盖”,为实现共同富裕提供了重要抓手。首先,基于“发展与共享”理念测度地级市共同富裕水平;然后,以我国254个地级市的面板数据检验数字普惠金融对共同富裕的作用。结果表明:总体上,数字普惠金融发展能够显著促进共同富裕水平的提升;细分子维度来看,数字普惠金融覆盖广度、使用深度和数字化程度均能显著促进共同富裕水平提升;区域数字基础设施建设能正向调节数字普惠金融的促进作用。拓展性分析表明,数字普惠金融对共同富裕的促进作用存在非线性,以数字普惠金融指数、产业结构、教育水平和城镇化水平作为门槛变量时,这种非线性关系均显著。研究结果不仅为数字普惠金融发展能够促进共同富裕提供了经验证据,而且还揭示了“完善数字基础设施建设,充分消弭数字鸿沟”“关注数字普惠金融门槛效应,充分释放数字红利”是进一步发挥数字普惠金融促进作用的关键要点。

乡村旅游高质量发展与共同富裕的动态耦合协调演化——以张家界为例

以张家界市为研究案例地,廓清乡村旅游高质量发展与共同富裕的相互关系及耦合机制,分别构建乡村旅游高质量发展和共同富裕评价指标体系,综合运用耦合协调模型和剪刀差模型,刻画了该区域2007—2019年乡村旅游高质量发展与共同富裕耦合协调的动态演化过程及规律。研究结果表明:(1)在研究期内,张家界市乡村旅游高质量发展综合指数由0.269增长至0.789,共同富裕综合指数的0.151增长至0.756,均呈波动上升态势;(2)两系统耦合协调度指数由0.449增长至0.881,可划分为中度耦合协调、高度耦合协调协调和极度耦合协调3个阶段;(3)乡村旅游高质量发展系统的演化速率中期出现大幅下降,使二者的剪刀差曲线呈现拉平钩形的变化形态,二者演化速率差异逐步拉大。

空气质量改善能缩小城乡居民消费差距吗?——兼论绿色发展对共同富裕的促进作用

厘清空气质量对城乡居民消费差距的影响作用,有助于理解中国式现代化进程中绿色发展与共同富裕目标的协同推进。从医疗和防御性支出、规避行为以及劳动生产率等视角阐释了空气质量影响城乡居民消费差距的理论机制,并使用2005—2020年中国省际面板数据对其影响作用进行了实证检验。研究发现:空气质量改善会显著缩小城乡居民消费差距,这一结论在使用逆温天数作为工具变量进行内生性处理,以及更换空气污染物指标、考虑空间自相关等方式进行稳健性检验后依然成立;该作用通过缩小城乡居民消费倾向差距以及城乡居民收入差距两条渠道产生;此外,空气质量对城乡居民消费差距的影响作用还存在空间溢出效应。研究结果表明,推动绿色发展改善空气质量,能够缩小城乡居民消费差距,从而助力共同富裕目标的实现。

共同富裕目标下的高质量县域城镇化评价体系建构

共同富裕是中国式现代化的重要特征,城镇化是实现中国式现代化的必由之路。当前,县域城镇化建设中存在区域发展不平衡、城乡差距不断扩大、基础设施建设不健全、公共服务配套不完善等问题,制约了共同富裕的实现。如何构建一个科学合理的评价体系来评估县域城镇化的发展水平和城乡融合的实现程度,对于推动县域城镇化健康发展、实现共同富裕具有重要意义。在系统回顾已有共同富裕历史渊源与理论内涵的基础上,探究县域城镇化促进共同富裕的内在机理,基于系统性、科学性、客观性和前瞻性原则,依据统计年鉴数据及由“浙江大学—浙江移动数据智能与城市未来联合实验室”开发的“科研数智通”(DIPS)平台大数据,从收入公平、消费公平和城乡融合三大评价维度(一级指标)出发构建了包含9项二级指标和26项三级指标的县域城镇化评价体系。该体系有助于多维度、多视角、多主体评价县域城镇化发展情况,支持并引导县域城镇化高质量发展。

数字赋能农村经济高质量发展的实现路径

当前,新一轮科技革命正如火如荼地进行,数字技术正在农村这片广阔沃土引发一场深刻的社会变革,回顾马克思主义经典作家理论、我国农村经济建设的经验成就,当前农村经济高质量发展拥有深厚的理论渊源和实践积淀。但在不确定性、不稳定性明显增强的国内外环境下,中国作为农业资源禀赋丰富、人均资源匮乏的人口大国,在数字技术赋能农村经济发展过程中也遇到了诸多问题和阻碍,如农村产业链条延伸不充分、基础设施薄弱、青壮年劳动力流失严重、农民数字素养低、缺乏高质量人才等问题。因此,在推动农村经济高质量发展过程中,应坚持问题导向,通过以数字化驱动农村产业融合发展、加强农村数字基础设施建设、强化农村数字人才队伍建设等措施,更好地让数字技术服务农村经济建设,打造数字乡村,推进乡村振兴,促进共同富裕。

中国式现代化下的共同富裕:理论内涵与实践路径

中国式现代化是共同富裕的时代背景、发展土壤和实现条件,共同富裕是中国式现代化建设的根本目标,中国式现代化对共同富裕的理论内涵与实践路径具有内在规定性。就本质特征而言,共同富裕是在中国共产党领导下走中国特色社会主义道路的共同富裕;就实现难度而言,共同富裕是人口规模巨大的共同富裕,要坚持循序渐进原则;就覆盖面而言,共同富裕是全体人民的共同富裕,要坚持共建共享原则;就实现内容而言,共同富裕是物质文明与精神文明协调发展的共同富裕,要统筹推进经济、政治、文化、社会、生态文明建设;就永续发展而言,共同富裕是人与自然和谐共生的共同富裕,要坚持高质量发展方式;就实现的内外部环境而言,共同富裕是靠和平发展实现的共同富裕,要坚持人类命运共同体理念;在实践路径方面,坚持党总揽全局、协调各方的领导核心作用是推进共同富裕的根本保证,坚持和完善社会主义基本经济制度是推进共同富裕的根本支撑,坚持以人民为中心的高质量发展方式是推进共同富裕的必然选择,明确阶段性重点任务是推进共同富裕的着力点,坚持正确方法论是推进共同富裕的行动指南。

乡村共同富裕的影响机制与实践路径——基于杭州市第一批共富联合体中80个村庄的调研

扎实推动乡村共同富裕是实现全体人民共同富裕的重要内容。激发乡村内生动力是持续推进共同富裕的关键抓手,如何实现乡村共同富裕的内源式发展则成为乡村治理现代化的核心议题。本文以浙江省杭州市发布的第一批共富联合体中80个村庄为案例,通过NCA与QCA混合的方法发现党建、能人、产业、文化等因素是影响乡村共同富裕的重要变量。在多重变量作用下,以内源式发展为导向的乡村共同富裕呈现出伙伴协作型、文化认同型、产业融合集约型、综合发展型等四类“殊途同归”路径,且乡村内在动力的产生和内源机制的变化具有交替性与动态演进性。因此,需因地制宜,结合自身资源禀赋、地理区位等情况,注重空间布局,坚持走特色化差异化发展道路,加快打造乡村共同富裕建设的样板品牌。这不仅能丰富乡村共同富裕理论研究,也为其他地区选择匹配性乡村内源式发展策略提供有益启示。

共同富裕视角下中国式现代化的评价指标体系研究

中国式现代化是中国探索现代化发展道路、开拓适宜国情的现代化模式的伟大实践。中国式现代化以全体人民共同富裕为发展目标,凸显中国式现代化的独特优势与宏伟蓝图,反映了中国式现代化的本质要求。以共同富裕为线索构建中国式现代化的评价指标体系,既要厘清共同富裕与中国式现代化之间的关系,把握中国式现代化的科学内涵,又要构建完整的理论逻辑框架,阐明评价的目的、原则与标准。在此基础上,最终形成包含目标、能力、潜力三个维度的中国式现代化评价指标体系,并对深入建设中国式现代化提出相应建议。在现代化建设的新阶段,围绕共同富裕视角下的中国式现代化构建评价指标体系,有利于明晰中国式现代化的现实表现与历史使命,彰显中国式现代化的情怀。

在发展中推进共同富裕:非均衡系统视角

共同富裕与发展内在联系紧密,两者之间的均衡性关系需要深入探索。非均衡发展强调差异性、特殊性,共同富裕强调共性、一致性。对于特定时空环境(如阶段、周期、区域、群体、领域等)而言,如何通过发展,把差异性、特殊性调整成共性、一致性,以达成共同富裕,是应该重点关注的。也就是说,由非均衡发展达成广义的系统均衡或者动态均衡,构成了共同富裕是否能够实现的关键。大系统的特殊性主要体现在小系统、子系统内,在小系统、子系统内部,这些特殊性表现为小范围的共性。先在小范围内部开始推进共同富裕,再在大范围内拓展衔接;先在小系统内部实现共同富裕,再在更大系统、更高层级系统实现共同富裕。应紧扣发展特殊性和富裕共同性矛盾,在共性基础上,把握个性,夯实共同富裕基础,不断向共同富裕目标迈进。切忌不区分发展类型,忽视发展的特殊性,以理想化的均衡模式推进脱离实际的共同富裕计划。研究的主要创新在于:结合了系统论,深化了非均衡理论分析,提出大系统的特殊性即小系统的共性,从而为共同富裕逐步推开,一部分人先富起来提供了坚实的理论依据。