Influence of eddy current on transient characteristics of common rail injector solenoid valve

Influence of eddy current on transient characteristics of common rail injector solenoid valve was studied in this paper. Experimental investigations of drive current and power source volt- age of both drive current ascending and descending process were conducted on a common rail injec- tor solenoid valve. A new discretizing calculation method of solenoid valve flux linkage was put for- ward for the first time based on the experimental results and drive circuit principle, and flux linkage of both drive current ascending and descending process were evaluated. New inductance calculation methods for drive current ascending and descending process respectively were also presented. Influ- ence of parasitic inductance was evaluated. Results indicate that the air gap, under which the transi- ent flux linkage of the solenoid valve is the biggest, varies with drive current due to eddy current. Flux linkage of drive current descending process is bigger than that of drive current ascending process under the same drive current and the same air gap width. Eddy current can reduce the delay between the time that drive current begins to descend and the time that armature begins to move downward. Inductance of drive current descending process is bigger than that of drive current as- cending process over larger scope of drive current, but the difference becomes smaller with the in- creasing of air gap width. The differences of both flux linkage and inductance between drive current ascending and descending process are caused by the eddy current in core and armature materials.

STRATEGY FOR DIESEL ROTARY ENGINE WITH COMMON RAIL INJECTION SYSTEM

A direct injection low compression ratios diesel rotary engine is designed and studied to find the appropriate application of the electronic controlled high pressure common rail injection system. Current development focuses on the applied fuel injection and ignition strategies, especially concerning the combustion configurations of injectors, ignition source, and combustion chamber. The prototype engine, equipped with Bosch common rail system and high performance electronic control unit （ECU）, is designed correspondingly. Studies show that the integration of a common rail injection system and the main and pilot duel injectors configurations, assisted with glow plug ignition device and flexible ECU, represents a promising approach to improve the potential of the low compression ratios diesel rotary engine. Currently the engine can run at 6 kr · min^-1 steadily and the power is about 68 kW/（4 kr ·min^- 1）.

Frequency compensation control method for opposedpiston two-stroke folded-cranktrain engine's common rail system by loop-shaping theory

A frequency compensation control method for the opposed-piston two-stroke folded-cranktrain（ OPFC） diesel engine＇s common rail system is presented as a result of the study of the loop-shaping theory. A common rail working process and the classical frequency control theory are combined to construct a frequency restriction of common rail pressure. A frequency compensator is utilized to improve the robustness of multiplicative perturbations and disturbance. The loop-shaping method has been applied to design the common rail pressure controller of the OPFC diesel engine. Simulation and bench test results show that in the condition of perturbation that comes from the effect of injection,multi-injection,fuel pumping of a pre-cylinder,and instantaneous pressure fluctuation,the controller indicates high precision. Compared with the original controller,this method improves the control precision by 67. 3%.

Characteristics of Diesel/N-Butanol Blend on a Common Rail Diesel Engine with Exhaust Gas Recirculation

20%n-butanol is blended in diesel by volume(noted as D80B20)and experiment has been carried out to study the effect on the combustion and emission characteristics based on a common rail diesel engine with exhaust gas recirculation(EGR)system.The results reveal thatD80B20 has longer ignition delay,shorter combustion duration and higher maximumin-cylinder temperature than pure diesel(noted as D100).Further,the number concentration and volume concentration of ultrafine particles decrease significantly while NO_(X) emissions increase a little with the addition of n-butanol.When the exhaust gas is induced into cylinder,NO_(X) emissions significantly decrease and ultrafine particles emissions increase.The number geometric mean diameters and volume geometricmean diameters of ultrafine particles increase withEGR ratio.Compared toD100 without EGR,D80B20 with 20%EGR ratio can reduce both NO_(X) and ultrafine particles emissions at 0.14MPa BMEP and 0.56MPa BMEP.

Test Research on the Knock of a Common-Rail Diesel Engine Fueled with Diesel-Methanol Dual-Fuel

Experiments were conducted on a diesel-methanol dual-fuel(DMDF)engine modified by a six-cylinder,turbocharged,inter-cooled diesel engine.According to the number of diesel injection,the experiments are divided to two parts:the single injectionmode and double injectionmode.The results show that,at the double injectionmode,themaximumof pressure rise rate is small and the engine runs smoothly,however,knock still occurswhen the cocombustion ratio(CCR)is big enough.Under knock status,the power density of the block vibration concentrating at some special frequencies rises dramatically,and the special frequency of single injection mode(about 4.1 kHz)is lower than that of double injection mode(7–9 kHz).The cylinder pressure oscillations of knock status are very different fromthe non-knock status.Under knock status,cylinder pressure oscillations become more concentrated and fiercer at some special frequencies,and the same as the block vibration.The special frequency of single injection mode(3–6 kHz)is lower than that of double injection mode(above 9 kHz).

After-Sale Data Based Common Rail Injector Remanufacturability Analysis

The injector is the most critical and vulnerable part of a diesel engine, and injector remanufacturing seems to be a solution to change the adverse market conditions. For remanufactured injector, there are some differences between China and developed countries. These differences make a different remanufacturability. New remanufacturing process should be evaluated to determine the feasibility. Fuqiang Power Company's experiment and the survey from Bosch Diesel Centers(BDCs) show the status of the used injectors that nearly one-third of the used injector can be remanufactured with low cost. It is feasible to produce quality remanufactured injector under given process. Promoting clean diesel engine is more likely to be accepted by the consumer.

Elimination of Fuel Pressure Fluctuation and Multi-injection Fuel Mass Deviation of High Pressure Common-rail Fuel Injection System

The influence of fuel pressure fluctuation on multi-injection fuel mass deviation has been studied a lot,but the fuel pressure fluctuation at injector inlet is still not eliminated efficiently.In this paper,a new type of hydraulic filter consisting of a damping hole and a chamber is developed for elimination of fuel pressure fluctuation and multi-injection fuel mass deviation.Linear model of the improved high pressure common-rail system（HPCRS）including injector,the pipe connecting common-rail with injector and the hydraulic filter is built.Fuel pressure fluctuation at injector inlet,on which frequency domain analysis is conducted through fast Fourier transformation,is acquired at different target pressure and different damping hole diameter experimentally.The linear model is validated and can predict the natural frequencies of the system.Influence of damping hole diameter on fuel pressure fluctuation is analyzed qualitatively based on the linear model,and it can be inferred that an optimal diameter of the damping hole for elimination of fuel pressure fluctuation exists.Fuel pressure fluctuation and fuel mass deviation under different damping hole diameters are measured experimentally,and it is testified that the amplitude of both fuel pressure fluctuation and fuel mass deviation decreases first and then increases with the increasing of damping hole diameter.The amplitude of main injection fuel mass deviation can be reduced by 73%at most under pilot-main injection mode,and the amplitude of post injection fuel mass deviation can be reduced by 92%at most under main-post injection mode.Fuel mass of a single injection increases with the increasing of the damping hole diameter.The hydraulic filter proposed by this research can be potentially used to eliminate fuel pressure fluctuation at injector inlet and improve the stability of HPCRS fuel injection.

Pressure-Based Approach to Estimating the Injection Start and End in Single and Split Common Rail Injection Processes

Fuel injection timing is an important control parameter for engine combustion optimization and emissions control. However, the actual fuel injection timing is different from the nominal one commanded by the electronic control unit, due to the system hydraulic lag or the possible communication malfunction. In this study,a simple estimate approach based on the injector inlet pressure is proposed to capture four critical characteristic instants at the start and end of injection. The critical characteristic moments estimated using this pressure-based approach are validated against those determined by the actual injection rate profiles, in the context of different single or split injection processes. The comparison revealed that the characteristic injection moments estimated by the injector inlet pressures and those determined by the actual injection rate profiles have a satisfactory agreement, certifying the broad applicability and reliability of this pressure-based approach in the detection of the real fuel injection start and end time.

高压共轨柴油机国产芯片控制系统研究

针对现有高压共轨柴油机电控单元高度依赖进口芯片、自主不足的问题,提出了基于全国产芯片的高压共轨柴油机电控单元方案。所设计的国产控制单元选用兆易创新的GD32F450芯片为控制核心,承担发动机数据采样、处理、存储与控制任务。首先,采用Boost升压电路提供喷油器峰值电流,利用分立器件设计双边驱动与电流反馈电路,在不依赖进口专用芯片的条件下,对喷油器驱动电流进行闭环控制;然后,基于FreeRTOS操作系统,开发高压共轨柴油机底层驱动软件,实现对不同任务调度周期的精准控制;最后,对所设计的电控单元进行了实验验证。结果表明,所设计的国产高压共轨柴油机电控单元功能齐全、工作稳定,双边驱动电路典型峰值电流为22 A,维持电流为10 A,最小喷射间隔时间为200μs,多次喷射性能与Bosch系统相当。发动机不同转速条件下任务调度周期精准、实时性好,研究证实了高压共轨柴油机电控单元全国产化方案的可行性,对推动发动机电控技术自主可控提供了有益参考。

喷油器柱塞副动态泄漏及特性

为了研究高压共轨喷油器柱塞副的动态泄漏特性,建立了柱塞副间隙燃油流动的数学模型,通过有限差分法对数学模型进行数值计算,研究了不同轨压下柱塞副燃油的平均动态泄漏率的变化趋势,与试验值进行对比,验证该数学模型的有效性,并分析了轨压、进口燃油温度、柱塞最大升程和喷射脉宽四种因素对柱塞副动态泄漏量的影响及在不同柱塞速度下,油膜压力、厚度和温度参数的变化趋势。结果表明,在一个喷油循环内,动态泄漏率的变化曲线与控制腔油压变化曲线相似,平均动态泄漏率随着喷油器的轨压、入口燃油温度和柱塞最大升程的增加而增加,但随着喷射脉宽的增加而减小;随着柱塞速度由正速度到负速度的过程,油膜的厚度逐渐变薄,油膜的温度整体上升,油膜的压力变小。

电控高压共轨喷油系统结构参数对轨内压力波动仿真分析

采用GT软件建立电控高压共轨燃油喷射系统模型,并利用构建的仿真模型研究高压油泵的进油阀组件、排油阀组件以及活塞凸轮组件,其三个主要部分的结构参数变化对共轨管中压力波动的影响。通过研究可知高压泵在实际工作时所承受的压力波与活塞的状态有直接关系,且活塞状态包括其质量、长度、直径、容积等。为了更好地研究进排油阀对压力波动之间的关系,选用8组参数进行实验研究并验证进排油阀体直径、质量、弹簧预紧力、弹簧刚度的变化与压力波动之间的相互影响作用,进而通过对比选取最佳阀体。通过仿真分析可知,共轨喷油系统压力波动程度会受到系统结构参数的影响,并可以为系统的优化设计提供参考依据。

非道路柴油机冷却水套流动传热分析与优化

冷却水套作为柴油机的核心结构,其流动与传热特性直接影响着柴油机的可靠性和使用寿命。以某两缸高压共轨柴油机为研究对象,为了解该发动机冷却水套流动与传热性能,以水套速度场、温度场、换热系数等空间分布参数为判据,重点对冷却水套关键区域的流动和传热特性进行分析,同时提出优化方案。仿真结果表明:发动机整体冷却液流动性差,平均流速低于0.5m/s,缸体进气侧冷却水套上部出现了流动死区;通过对冷却系统性能参数和冷却水套结构进行优化,冷却水套进出口压力损失减小,整体冷却液平均流速较原方案提高了173.91%,整体平均换热系数较原方案提高了41.93%,整体冷却水套流动均匀性得到改善。

双升程电控喷油器多次喷射油量波动特性研究

为实现船用柴油机高压共轨系统喷射的柔性和稳定控制,提出一种双升程电控喷油器,基于搭建的喷油器AMESim仿真模型,探究了喷油器不同多次喷射模式下的油量波动特性.结果表明:大升程预喷模式下的主喷量标准差随预喷量的增加先上升后下降,而小升程预喷模式下的主喷量标准差随预喷量呈幅值逐渐降低的波动变化趋势.总体上,在预喷量为161~660 mm^(3)范围,小升程预喷模式在降低主喷量波动程度方面比大升程预喷模式更占优势.预喷射采用小升程喷射模式且预喷量一定时,升程切换延迟为0.2 ms的靴形主喷模式在降低主喷量波动程度方面略优于相同主喷脉宽或相同单次喷射油量的大升程主喷模式.大升程和小升程后喷模式下的后喷量标准差随主喷脉宽和目标后喷量均呈波动变化趋势,且小升程后喷模式下的后喷量标准差波动程度更小.与大升程后喷模式相比,小升程后喷模式在降低后喷量波动程度方面更占优势.

回油背压对高压共轨喷油器喷油特性影响的研究

高压共轨喷油器是柴油机高压共轨电控系统中最重要的一个部件,其喷油特性(如喷油器量)的优劣将直接影响发动机的性能表现。喷油器的喷射特性不仅受到喷油器的结构参数的影响,同时在喷射过程中还受到外界工作环境的影响,比如喷油器喷射时发动机缸内的背压,以及喷油器工作时的回油通道中的背压。本文主要对某高压共轨喷油器进行台架试验测试,研究喷油器回油背压对喷油特性的影响,并分析产生影响的原因,为开发新型的燃油喷射系统提供试验数据。

基于LabVIEW的比例压力控制阀自动测试系统

根据某公司比例压力控制阀的出厂测试要求,本文设计了一套比例控制阀自动测试系统。该系统基于LabVIEW编程和PLC控制,可实现共轨管稳定的超高压供给,并自动实现比例压力控制阀的耐久测试、流量滞环测试及压力-流量测试,且操作简便,满足企业需求。

超磁致伸缩驱动高压共轨式喷油器的结构设计及喷油特性分析

针对现有喷油器存在的喷油速率低、喷油脉宽大、响应速率慢的问题,提出了一种超磁致伸缩驱动高压共轨式喷油器的设计方案。简述了该高压共轨式喷油器的整体设计及工作原理,并且在Jiles-Atherton磁滞模型和液压传动理论基础上建立数学模型;采用COMSOL建立了驱动部分仿真模型,并进行输出位移和应力特性分析,采用AMESim建立了喷油器整体模型,并进行喷油速率分析;搭建试验平台,验证了超磁致伸缩驱动高压共轨式喷油器设计方案的有效性。结果显示:当线圈电流为3.6 A时,超磁致伸缩棒的最大输出位移可达52μm;在160 MPa的压力下喷油最低脉宽从1 ms降低到0.15 ms,并且无论脉宽长短,其脉宽-喷油量均具有良好的线性度。结果表明,提出的设计方案可行,为研制出一种高性能的高压共轨式喷油器奠定了理论和技术基础。

喷油特性对F-T煤制油压力振荡影响规律研究

为了减小燃烧噪声,确定影响柴油机高频压力振荡的关键因素,在某型电控高压共轨柴油发动机上燃用的清洁代用燃料Fischer-Tropsch(F-T)煤制油,选取柴油机典型运行工况,研究不同喷油特性条件下柴油机燃烧压力振荡的时域和频域特性。结果表明:推后主喷提前角和提前预喷提前角会使放热率降低,压力振荡幅值减小,气缸压力级也有明显减小的趋势;减小预喷油量会使压力升高率和放热率降低,气缸声压级减小,压力振荡现象减缓,使燃烧更加柔和;提高喷射压力,会使喷油速率增大,燃油雾化效果增强,混合气放热率提升,放热率曲线也随之上升,气缸声压级增大,发动机缸内燃烧压力振荡幅值增大。喷射压力是影响压力振荡的最显著的参数,喷射压力从85MPa上升至115MPa时,压力振荡幅值增加一倍以上;预喷油量对F-T煤制油发动机的燃烧压力振荡影响不显著;同时压力振荡的产生与放热率的变化呈现出较强的相关性。

轨压波动非线性预测模型研究

轨压波动是由高压油泵连续脉动供油和喷油器间歇喷射导致系统内燃油受到周期性激励而引起的响应。分析了共轨管内压力波动的产生机理,基于燃油非定常流动的连续方程和动量方程导出了表征轨压波动的双曲型偏微分方程,通过数值差分方法离散偏微分方程而得到系统状态矩阵,以油泵供油压力变化率和喷油器喷油压力变化率作为系统输入变量,共轨管不同位置压力波动作为系统输出变量,以状态空间方法分析了系统压力波动特性。将计算结果与实验测量数据进行对比,结果表明所建立的非线性数值模型能准确表征轨压波动特性。

基于高压共轨燃油系统和废气再循环的柴油发动机低排放研究

柴油发动机的排放会对环境和人类健康造成不良影响,高压共轨燃油系统和废气再循环技术是目前柴油发动机低排放技术中应用广泛的技术方案。该文基于柴油机排放污染物生成机理,系统论述了高压共轨燃油系统的基本原理和优势,探讨了其在柴油发动机低排放方面的应用、实现方法与应用特点,并提出了未来研究的方向。研究结果表明,高压共轨燃油系统和废气再循环技术可以有效降低柴油发动机的排放量,但仍存在一些技术问题需要解决,如NOx和PM的同时降低等。因此,未来的研究应注重对这些问题的深入探究,并继续优化和改进这些技术方案。

高压共轨柴油机EGR控制策略分析

阐述高压共轨柴油机电控EGR控制作用与原理,探索有效的EGR控制策略,包括开环控制、双闭环控制、EGR阀控制和基于工况的EGR控制,从而降低废气污染物排放量,优化发动机性能。