Review of Studies of Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety

Anxiety is considered to be one of the key psychological variables as well as one of the important emotional factors that affect language learning. Taken into account that classroom is the main place in which Chinese college students learn English,it is of great significance to study students' language anxiety in the classroom environment. Based on the previous researches, this paper reviews the relevant studies in this area conducted at home and abroad.

Anderson's Cognitive Theory and Learning Strategy Studies in Second Language Acquisition

Second language acquisition can not be understood without addressing the interaction between language and cognition. Cognitive theory can extend to describe learning strategies as complex cognitive skills. Theoretical developments in Anderson’s production systems cover a broader range of behavior than other theories, including comprehension and production of oral and written texts as well as comprehension, problem solving, and verbal learning.Thus Anderson’s cognitive theory can be served as a rationale for learning strategy studies in second language acquisition.

On the Combination of “The Textual Research on Historical Documents” and “The Comparative Study of Historical Data” —— and a Discussion on “The Law of Quan-ma and Gui-mei” in Chinese Language Studies

In Chinese language studies, both “The Textual Research on Historical Documents” and “The Comparative Study of Historical Data” are traditional in methodology and they both deserve being treasured, passed on, and further developed. It will certainly do harm to the development of academic research if any of the two methods is given unreasonable priority. The author claims that the best or one of the best methodologies of the historical study of Chinese language is the combination of the two, hence a new interpretation of “The Double-proof Method”. Meanwhile, this essay is also an attempt to put forward “The Law of Quan-ma and Gui-mei” in Chinese language studies, in which the author believes that it is not advisable to either treat Gui-mei as Quan-ma or vice versa in linguistic research. It is crucial for us to respect always the language facts first, which is considered the very soul of linguistics.

Analysis of an event study using the Fama–French five‑factor model:teaching approaches including spreadsheets and the R programming language

The current financial education framework has an increasing need to introduce tools that facilitate the application of theoretical models to real-world data and contexts.However,only a limited number of free tools are available for this purpose.Given this lack of tools,the present study provides two approaches to facilitate the implementa-tion of an event study.The first approach consists of a set of MS Excel files based on the Fama–French five-factor model,which allows the application of the event study methodology in a semi-automatic manner.The second approach is an open-source R-programmed tool through which results can be obtained in the context of an event study without the need for programming knowledge.This tool widens the calculus possibilities provided by the first approach and offers the option to apply not only the Fama–French five-factor model but also other models that are common in the finan-cial literature.It is a user-friendly tool that enables reproducibility of the analysis and ensures that the calculations are free of manipulation errors.Both approaches are freely available and ready-to-use.

Towards Closing the Language & Culture Gap: A Pedagogical Approach

This paper advances an approach to culture and language instruction through the theoretical construct of the 3Ps (Products, Practices, Perspectives), combined with an inquiry-based approach utilizing the theory on stages of second language acquisition. Culture elements, when embodied in a properly developed and organized curriculum can be systematically implemented all along the different phases of language growth. Mastery of a language is not simply mastery of vocabulary as well as grammar and spelling rules. The most successful language learners learn both culture and language together. The conceptualizations provided by research, although at times conflicting, form a useful foundation for language teaching that provides a deeper and a more enriching human experience. Making culture the core in a language class is akin to asserting the obvious (Furstenberg, 2010);they are two flip sides of the same coin. With its focus on revisiting the role of culture in the FL Classroom, the paper seems to fall into the same category - affirming the tried and true, but like Furstenberg, the author believes there is good reason to re-consider the possibility of closing the language and culture gap.

Registers Study and Poetic Language

Poetic language is distinguished from other roles of language by its creativity in linguistic uses,among which register deviation and register mixing are the most conspicuous.A register study of poetic works is therefore beneficial to our understanding of the works in case.The present thesis adopts a Hallidayian Functional approach to analyze two short poems,illustrating this feature of poetic language and demonstrating a register study in a poetic context.

A Comparison study of First and Second Language Acquisition

More focuses of foreign language teaching theory and practice are on the study of first language and second language acquisition. The article deals with the concept of first and second language acquisition, the relationship between them and the factors influencing on them. The characteristics of the children acquisition and adult acquisition are also studied.

Key Elements to a Valid Language Test

In developing and using measures of Language abilities, the most important consideration is the use of a language test, so that the most important quality of a test is its usefulness. A model of test usefulness is regarded as the essential basis for quality control throughout the entire test development process. A model of test usefulness includes following qualities--validity, reliability, discrimination and backwash effects.

Basic Contrast of English, Chinese and the Shui language Sentences

This paper is to explore the similar and different syntactic linear patterns and thought modals among English, Chinese and the Shui language, discussing this topic from microscopic, giving a much detailed contrast and comparison on microscopic English, Chinese and the Shui language syntactic.

Macroscopic Contrast of English,Chinese and the Shui Language Syntactic Features and Thought Patterns

This paper is to explore the syntactic features and thought patterns among English,Chinese and the Shui language,discussing this topic from macroscopic,giving a brief contrast and comparison on macroscopic of English,Chinese and the Shui language.

Politeness Language in English and Chinese

Politeness is a very important topic in modern linguistics. With the development of the study of linguistics, a lot of people lay the emphasis on the study of politeness language. It can be observed in all languages and cultures as a social phenomenon, which plays an important role in individuals' linguistic behavior. But due to different culture, different politeness principles and other reasons, different peo ple have different understandings about the definition of politeness, and they deal with politeness in different ways. Through different study background, principle and theory, this paper focuses on the politeness language in English and Chinese culture caused the differences. Politeness languages are mainly expressed in the forms of address, greeting, congratulation, appreciation and apology . The biggest difference between English and Chinese is that the Chinese system is profusion and complicated, but the English one is quite simple. Age, income, marriage and religion, etc. are taboos in English and people in western countries like to talk about weather when they meet each other; greeting in Chinese almost includes different things about one's life. Appreciation in Chinese is not used frequently. Peo ple do not often say "thank you" to their families or friends. Appreciation in English can be used among families, friends, and colleagues and so on. At the end of this thesis, a conclusion is drawn; limitations and some suggestions of the research are stated!

Learner Choice in Language Study

Learner centered design programs typically focus on analyzing the needs of students or encouraging more students to participate in classroom activities.This paper argues that the real learner centered approach should consider allowing learners to play a greater role in learning management,learning methods and learning opportunities by providing selection for the learners.This opportunity can be introduced into the traditional classroom with minimize the problems.The learner's choice as a more basic aspect of language curriculum can be provided by establish autonomous learning center.Teachers'and learners'attitudes to the centre are discussed,and it is suggested that we should do more things to guide both teachers'and learners'expectations in order to make learner choices an active feature of foreign language study.

Chinese Language Teacher Competency: A Literature Review for a Study Series

Teaching is a special profession with complex pedagogical procedures. It prepares qualified workers and citizens who are expected to yield values and bring benefits to the society, the nation, and the whole world (Nessipbayeva, 2012). This makes the profession require well-qualified teachers. In light of this, teachers must have (and be able to exercise) a broad range of competency array every day in an especially complex environment so that students can realize their full academic potential with the help of teachers (Jackson, 1990). The more competent a teacher is, the better students' achievements will be (Johansson, Myrberg,& Rosen, 2015). It is urgent for us to know how to prepare competent teachers.

Teaching Modes for Manchu Language and Culture

The paper is concerned with the combination of Manchu language teaching with culture teaching in two aspects, from which the basic teaching modes can be concluded.First, on the theoretical level, the author states the combined learning mode of ethnic language and culture learning in connection with the multi-cultural interactive mode, and analyzes its theoretic foundation. Second, on the practical level, the paper introduces some of the effective language and culture teaching methods, such as culture lectures, culture discussions, culture investigations, culture comparisons and culture research.

Common Innovations in Sino-Tibetan Languages

To establish a classification on the basis of genetic linguistics requires two indispensible conditions: common retention, including cognate lexical retention and cognate morphological retention, and common innovation in a language group. The first condition is primary, and is the motivation for classification and the evidence of a genetic relationship. The second condition is secondary and supportive, and is the feature,approach and sign of a language group. This article focuses on common innovations in the Sino-Tibetan language family. Tone, voiceless aspirated stops, affricates, classifiers, noun prefixes for kinship and overlap are six common innovations that are proposed for defining the Sino-Tibetan language family.

Study on Language Harmony in China:Achievements,Deficiency and Prospect

Language harmony means that different languages and their dialects can coexist in harmony in the same society.It is not only a linguistic issue,but also a social phenomenon.As an independent branch of language study in China,language harmony study covers the following topics:The value of language harmony,the types of language harmony,the factors that affect language harmony,the construction path of language harmony,etc.The main research methods include:case study,a combination of synchronic and diachronic research and multidisciplinary research.Statistics results of relevant studies of language harmony in China show that,in the past fifteen years,the study of language harmony in China has grown and presents the following characteristics:The results are mainly papers(206 papers)and a few monographs(6 books);the initial stage is dominated by theoretical discussions;subsequently,the case study is in a dominant position;there are more case studies than theoretical studies in total;case study results focus on a few topics;case studies are still the current focus of study;the total number of results has shown a decreasing trend after 2008.Despite these recent findings,case studies of language harmony in China lack width and profundity,and its theoretical discussion still needs to be deepened and improved.

Research on the Second Language Writing from the Sociocultural Perspective

Based on the theoretical origin of sociocultural views,this paper reviews second language writing from the sociocultural perspective in recent years and puts forw ard suggestions for the follow-up study. Research from the sociocultural perspective adopts the overall qualitative research methods,with the sociocultural theories and dialogue theories being the framework,attaching importance to the writing process and social context,and concludes that the theoretical basis,research emphasis and methodology still needs perfection.