Robot technology is expected to reduce the burden of medical professionals, a concern in the super-aged society. The aim of this article is to determine the intermediary roles of Public Health Nurses (PHNs) in using C...Robot technology is expected to reduce the burden of medical professionals, a concern in the super-aged society. The aim of this article is to determine the intermediary roles of Public Health Nurses (PHNs) in using Communication Robots (CRs) in Community Health care. It is necessary to consider who will manage, and how to draw lines of responsibility when a problem occurs when using robots in the future. Regarding the mediator or intermediary role of PHNs in the use of CRs, PHNs are expected to be cognizant of varieties of robots for use with persons of diverse ages and health levels, as well as of robot performances. As one of the community healthcare workers who service the elderly living in the community, the role of PHNs as mediators or intermediaries is to pay attention to ethical and moral issues while working with CRs to manage the health of the community. Lack of understanding of the intermediary role might create possible ethico-moral issues in the future. Therefore, it is critical for PHNs to understand their role as intermediaries. In doing so, it is expected that older people at home will be able to live peaceful lives, as well as be physically and mentally healthy.展开更多
Objective:This study aims to achieve an empirical evaluation on the functional performances of urban community health care services in fi ve administrative districts of Nanchang city in China.Methods:In order to incre...Objective:This study aims to achieve an empirical evaluation on the functional performances of urban community health care services in fi ve administrative districts of Nanchang city in China.Methods:In order to increase effectiveness,data collected from fi ve administrative districts of Nanchang city were processed to exclude redundant information.Rough set reduction theory was brought in to evaluate the performances of community health care services in these districts through calculating key indices’weighed importance.Results:Comprehensive evaluation showed the score rankings from high to low as Qing-yunpu district,Xihu district,Qingshanhu district,Donghu district,and Wanli district.Conclusion:The objective performance evaluation had actually reflected the general situation(including social-economic status)of community health care services in these administrative districts of Nanchang.Attention and practical works of community health service management were needed to build a more harmonious and uniform community health care service system for residents in these districts of Nanchang.展开更多
This article identifies the role of library and information science (LIS) education in the development of community health information services for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). Preliminary findings are present...This article identifies the role of library and information science (LIS) education in the development of community health information services for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). Preliminary findings are presented from semi- structured qualitative interviews that were conducted with eleven directors and managers of local branches in the Knox County Public Library (KCPL) System that is located in the East Tennessee region in the United States. Select feedback reported by research participants is summarized in the article about strategies in LIS education that can help local public librarians and others in their efforts to become more responsive information providers to PLWHA. Research findings help better understand the issues and concerns regarding the development of digital and non-digital health information services for PLWHA in local public library institutions.展开更多
Both "Healthy China" and "Healthy Shanghai" programs require construction and development of community public health services. Taking Jinshan District in Shanghai as a case study, this paper evalua...Both "Healthy China" and "Healthy Shanghai" programs require construction and development of community public health services. Taking Jinshan District in Shanghai as a case study, this paper evaluates the status quo of community health services from the "demand-supply" perspective, and finds a remarkable difference in the needs among different age groups, a big gap between urban and rural areas in the coverage degree of facilities, and different challenges for public service at the "prevention – treatment – health care" stages. It further puts forward several planning strategies involving(1) specific service supply based on different age groups,(2) "15-minute health service cycles" in both urban and rural communities,(3) adjustment of facilities to local conditions, and(4) promoting the quality of health services. Furthermore, it discusses in-depth issues underlying planning policies, such as the innovation of service content, the integration of different plans, and the cultivation of health service needs.展开更多
Madness has attracted and frightened for centuries,and talking about this means discussing how this diversity was built and managed in different social contexts and historical periods.Not all societies have had,and st...Madness has attracted and frightened for centuries,and talking about this means discussing how this diversity was built and managed in different social contexts and historical periods.Not all societies have had,and still have,the same relationship with madness.It is only with the affirmation of the Modern State,and of Capitalism,that the idea of“normality”indispensable to be able to conceive diversity as something dangerously distant and different from the norm takes over.In our post-modern society,people with mental illness in Italy can resort to specialists and social-health services.But the heterogeneous answers given after the approval of law 180 appear to be increasingly diversified.In this research,much attention will be paid to how the social and health services,located in different areas of Italy(Messina,Rome,Trento)face the current growing risk of social,housing and economic isolation of these fragile subjects.The aim of the research is to explore the possibility of a new relationship between the social-health service and the local community.On the one hand,research investigates what the contribution of the services could be.On the other what the spaces of protagonism and participation of the community could be in inclusion process account.In order to better understand the differences between these two dimensions,a qualitative research approach was chosen through the conduct of in-depth interviews.In this way it was possible to investigate:(1)the partial representations characteristic of the single individual,family members,operators and stackholders in general;(2)the services around the topic dealt with is articulated.From the first results of the research it emerges that the territory can no longer be considered as an abstract entity,but becomes the social space within which the construction of a new community welfare can and must take place.展开更多
This study proposes to discuss the experience lived by Pró-Saúde and PET-Saúde team of FACISA/ UFRN together with the Municipal Health Department of Santa Cruz/RN from a critical-reflexive perspective a...This study proposes to discuss the experience lived by Pró-Saúde and PET-Saúde team of FACISA/ UFRN together with the Municipal Health Department of Santa Cruz/RN from a critical-reflexive perspective about the interaction between education, service and community as well as advances in approach and the strengthening between the school and Primary Health Care. This is an exploratory study with an experience report approach of the Pró-Saúde and PET-Saúde team from 2012 to 2014. The integration of these programs in experimental scenarios of the Unified Health System and the strengthening of the proposed training of human resources capable of the current healthcare system were observed. Thus, contributions in health in undergraduate courses and practices of health services are important, since the approach to the reality of the population and their social needs contribute to the vocational training quality.展开更多
Based on in-depth survey of township hospitals in Lushan County of Henan Province, this paper studies the development situations of rural medical care and health undertaking in the course of new medical reform. Result...Based on in-depth survey of township hospitals in Lushan County of Henan Province, this paper studies the development situations of rural medical care and health undertaking in the course of new medical reform. Results show that both rural medical institution and public health undertaking have considerable development in this course. Working capital situation gradually turns better. However, there are still problems and challenge of shortage of high quality medical care personnel, lack of employment mechanism, poor medical environment, and imperfect bidding and purchasing system of medicines. To further develop rural medical situation, it should improve medical environment, speed up informationization construction, and give prominence to functional orientation.展开更多
The adoption by health professionals to the practice of patient isolation is a decision that reduces patients’ risks of occupational exposure to potentially contaminated biological material and prevents nosocomial in...The adoption by health professionals to the practice of patient isolation is a decision that reduces patients’ risks of occupational exposure to potentially contaminated biological material and prevents nosocomial infections. Verify the compliance of health professionals to the practices of contact precautions in patients colonized by microorganisms in a teaching hospital. This was a prospective observational cohort study in a special-sized hospital located in southeastern Brazil. The observation of health professionals in delivery of health care to patients with contact precaution was performed regarding hand hygiene, use of overcoat, glove, and mask. We carried out 1502 observations involving the following professional categories: nursing technicians and/or nursing assistants (n = 1028;68.4%), nurses (n = 200;13.3%), physical therapists (n = 185;12.3%), and physicians (n = 89;5.9%), totaling 971.8 hours. Regarding the level of compliance of professionals to contact precaution practices with hand hygiene after the procedures, the use of overcoats, gloves, and masks, all were statistically significant (p Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most positive pathogen identified in laboratory tests. This study provided the mapping of the compliance of health professionals to the practices of contact precautions in order to support a safer management of patient care reducing the risks of Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAI). This study also showed that health professionals are using practice management to deal with their behavior to protect their health.展开更多
Objective:This study focuses on Hangzhou,a Chinese city with a population of nine million urban and rural residents,to examine the successful development and innovation experience of its primary health care service sy...Objective:This study focuses on Hangzhou,a Chinese city with a population of nine million urban and rural residents,to examine the successful development and innovation experience of its primary health care service system during the new health reform in China since 2009 and then dis-seminate the findings through international third parties.Methods:Measures such as data analysis,study of documents and regulations,fieldwork,and expert discussions were used to systematically investigate primary health care in Hangzhou.The findings will have a profound practical impact on the health reform for nine million rural and urban residents throughout Hangzhou’s municipal boroughs.Results:Community health services in Hangzhou are characterized as follows:They are gov-ernment led;they are guaranteed with enough financing,personnel,facilities,and regulation;sup-ported by the unified information platform;general practitioners have been assigned the key role of health‘gatekeepers’;they provide primary care combined with basic public health services;there are integrated urban and rural health services and insurance coverage;and there is health care-pen-sion-nursing integration and general practitioner-contracted‘smart’services.Preliminary data collection and analysis indicate that the basic health status of Hangzhou residents is superior to that of residents of China as a whole,and some health indicators in Hangzhou are comparable to those in Western developed countries.Conclusion:It is reasonable to believe that the primary health care level in China,including Hangzhou,will be further developed and promoted with indexed performance evaluations and more effective implementation of additional measures.展开更多
文摘Robot technology is expected to reduce the burden of medical professionals, a concern in the super-aged society. The aim of this article is to determine the intermediary roles of Public Health Nurses (PHNs) in using Communication Robots (CRs) in Community Health care. It is necessary to consider who will manage, and how to draw lines of responsibility when a problem occurs when using robots in the future. Regarding the mediator or intermediary role of PHNs in the use of CRs, PHNs are expected to be cognizant of varieties of robots for use with persons of diverse ages and health levels, as well as of robot performances. As one of the community healthcare workers who service the elderly living in the community, the role of PHNs as mediators or intermediaries is to pay attention to ethical and moral issues while working with CRs to manage the health of the community. Lack of understanding of the intermediary role might create possible ethico-moral issues in the future. Therefore, it is critical for PHNs to understand their role as intermediaries. In doing so, it is expected that older people at home will be able to live peaceful lives, as well as be physically and mentally healthy.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China in 2011[71163016]the Technology Project of Provincial Education Department of Jiangxi in 2013[GJJ13559].
文摘Objective:This study aims to achieve an empirical evaluation on the functional performances of urban community health care services in fi ve administrative districts of Nanchang city in China.Methods:In order to increase effectiveness,data collected from fi ve administrative districts of Nanchang city were processed to exclude redundant information.Rough set reduction theory was brought in to evaluate the performances of community health care services in these districts through calculating key indices’weighed importance.Results:Comprehensive evaluation showed the score rankings from high to low as Qing-yunpu district,Xihu district,Qingshanhu district,Donghu district,and Wanli district.Conclusion:The objective performance evaluation had actually reflected the general situation(including social-economic status)of community health care services in these administrative districts of Nanchang.Attention and practical works of community health service management were needed to build a more harmonious and uniform community health care service system for residents in these districts of Nanchang.
文摘This article identifies the role of library and information science (LIS) education in the development of community health information services for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). Preliminary findings are presented from semi- structured qualitative interviews that were conducted with eleven directors and managers of local branches in the Knox County Public Library (KCPL) System that is located in the East Tennessee region in the United States. Select feedback reported by research participants is summarized in the article about strategies in LIS education that can help local public librarians and others in their efforts to become more responsive information providers to PLWHA. Research findings help better understand the issues and concerns regarding the development of digital and non-digital health information services for PLWHA in local public library institutions.
文摘Both "Healthy China" and "Healthy Shanghai" programs require construction and development of community public health services. Taking Jinshan District in Shanghai as a case study, this paper evaluates the status quo of community health services from the "demand-supply" perspective, and finds a remarkable difference in the needs among different age groups, a big gap between urban and rural areas in the coverage degree of facilities, and different challenges for public service at the "prevention – treatment – health care" stages. It further puts forward several planning strategies involving(1) specific service supply based on different age groups,(2) "15-minute health service cycles" in both urban and rural communities,(3) adjustment of facilities to local conditions, and(4) promoting the quality of health services. Furthermore, it discusses in-depth issues underlying planning policies, such as the innovation of service content, the integration of different plans, and the cultivation of health service needs.
文摘Madness has attracted and frightened for centuries,and talking about this means discussing how this diversity was built and managed in different social contexts and historical periods.Not all societies have had,and still have,the same relationship with madness.It is only with the affirmation of the Modern State,and of Capitalism,that the idea of“normality”indispensable to be able to conceive diversity as something dangerously distant and different from the norm takes over.In our post-modern society,people with mental illness in Italy can resort to specialists and social-health services.But the heterogeneous answers given after the approval of law 180 appear to be increasingly diversified.In this research,much attention will be paid to how the social and health services,located in different areas of Italy(Messina,Rome,Trento)face the current growing risk of social,housing and economic isolation of these fragile subjects.The aim of the research is to explore the possibility of a new relationship between the social-health service and the local community.On the one hand,research investigates what the contribution of the services could be.On the other what the spaces of protagonism and participation of the community could be in inclusion process account.In order to better understand the differences between these two dimensions,a qualitative research approach was chosen through the conduct of in-depth interviews.In this way it was possible to investigate:(1)the partial representations characteristic of the single individual,family members,operators and stackholders in general;(2)the services around the topic dealt with is articulated.From the first results of the research it emerges that the territory can no longer be considered as an abstract entity,but becomes the social space within which the construction of a new community welfare can and must take place.
文摘This study proposes to discuss the experience lived by Pró-Saúde and PET-Saúde team of FACISA/ UFRN together with the Municipal Health Department of Santa Cruz/RN from a critical-reflexive perspective about the interaction between education, service and community as well as advances in approach and the strengthening between the school and Primary Health Care. This is an exploratory study with an experience report approach of the Pró-Saúde and PET-Saúde team from 2012 to 2014. The integration of these programs in experimental scenarios of the Unified Health System and the strengthening of the proposed training of human resources capable of the current healthcare system were observed. Thus, contributions in health in undergraduate courses and practices of health services are important, since the approach to the reality of the population and their social needs contribute to the vocational training quality.
基金Supported by Humanities and Social Science Research Project of the Ministry of Education in 2010 (10YJC840088)
文摘Based on in-depth survey of township hospitals in Lushan County of Henan Province, this paper studies the development situations of rural medical care and health undertaking in the course of new medical reform. Results show that both rural medical institution and public health undertaking have considerable development in this course. Working capital situation gradually turns better. However, there are still problems and challenge of shortage of high quality medical care personnel, lack of employment mechanism, poor medical environment, and imperfect bidding and purchasing system of medicines. To further develop rural medical situation, it should improve medical environment, speed up informationization construction, and give prominence to functional orientation.
文摘The adoption by health professionals to the practice of patient isolation is a decision that reduces patients’ risks of occupational exposure to potentially contaminated biological material and prevents nosocomial infections. Verify the compliance of health professionals to the practices of contact precautions in patients colonized by microorganisms in a teaching hospital. This was a prospective observational cohort study in a special-sized hospital located in southeastern Brazil. The observation of health professionals in delivery of health care to patients with contact precaution was performed regarding hand hygiene, use of overcoat, glove, and mask. We carried out 1502 observations involving the following professional categories: nursing technicians and/or nursing assistants (n = 1028;68.4%), nurses (n = 200;13.3%), physical therapists (n = 185;12.3%), and physicians (n = 89;5.9%), totaling 971.8 hours. Regarding the level of compliance of professionals to contact precaution practices with hand hygiene after the procedures, the use of overcoats, gloves, and masks, all were statistically significant (p Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most positive pathogen identified in laboratory tests. This study provided the mapping of the compliance of health professionals to the practices of contact precautions in order to support a safer management of patient care reducing the risks of Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAI). This study also showed that health professionals are using practice management to deal with their behavior to protect their health.
文摘Objective:This study focuses on Hangzhou,a Chinese city with a population of nine million urban and rural residents,to examine the successful development and innovation experience of its primary health care service system during the new health reform in China since 2009 and then dis-seminate the findings through international third parties.Methods:Measures such as data analysis,study of documents and regulations,fieldwork,and expert discussions were used to systematically investigate primary health care in Hangzhou.The findings will have a profound practical impact on the health reform for nine million rural and urban residents throughout Hangzhou’s municipal boroughs.Results:Community health services in Hangzhou are characterized as follows:They are gov-ernment led;they are guaranteed with enough financing,personnel,facilities,and regulation;sup-ported by the unified information platform;general practitioners have been assigned the key role of health‘gatekeepers’;they provide primary care combined with basic public health services;there are integrated urban and rural health services and insurance coverage;and there is health care-pen-sion-nursing integration and general practitioner-contracted‘smart’services.Preliminary data collection and analysis indicate that the basic health status of Hangzhou residents is superior to that of residents of China as a whole,and some health indicators in Hangzhou are comparable to those in Western developed countries.Conclusion:It is reasonable to believe that the primary health care level in China,including Hangzhou,will be further developed and promoted with indexed performance evaluations and more effective implementation of additional measures.