Application Effect of Health Management in Community Diabetic Population

Objective: This study aims to improve the health level of patients with diabetes in the community through health management measures under the concept of health management. Methods: Community residents were selected to detect, collate and analyze the social demographic information, body mass index, fasting blood glucose and blood lipid level of diabetic patients before and after health management. Results: The study showed that after the implementation of health management education in the community, the detection rate of diabetes patients increased, but the population was no longer mainly elderly patients, but mainly people under 60 years old. The levels of body mass index, fasting blood glucose, triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) were significantly decreased (all P Conclusion: Through the investigation of patients before and after health management in residential communities, this study shows that the correct implementation of health management can effectively improve the physiological indicators of diabetes patients, improve the level of health quality, and provide a reference for the prevention and treatment of diabetes patients in communities.

Research progress on the health status and community management service needs of mobile elderly people

The health status of the floating elderly population and the need of community management services are complex and important problems.Owing to the change of living environment and the insecure medical care,the mobile elderly people have more health and psy-chological problems compared to the rest of the elderly population.Therefore,the community should take a variety of measures to meet their needs and help them to better adapt to the new living environment,and maintain their physical and mental health.This paper aims to summarize recent studies on the physical and emotional health problems of mobile elderly people and related community management service needs.

Application Research on Community Nursing Practice Teaching Combined with Diabetes Health Management

Objective Discuss and reform community nursing practice teaching mode, and improve effects of community nursing teaching. Method Students are grouped into experimental group and control group randomly. Students in the experimental group manage individualized health of diabetes patients in the observation group, and students in the control group conduct group health education and management for diabetes patients, no individualized health management. Results Students in the two groups compare cognition about this course and community nursing before teaching, no remarkable difference (all P values are ? 0.05), and compare diabetes knowledge and living behaviors of the old in the two groups, no remarkable difference (all P values are ? 0.05). After teaching, students in the two groups compare recognition of this course and community nursing as well as test performance, and there are remarkable differences (all P values are ? 0.05). And comparison of diabetes knowledge and living behaviors of the old in the two groups shows remarkable differences (all P values are ? 0.05). The implementation of individualized health management mode in community nursing practice teaching can improve students' professional knowledge and competence, and help diabetes patients to form good behaviors and life styles. The combination of community nursing practice teaching and individualized health management for diabetes patients can improve students' professional knowledge and competence, and help diabetes patients to control illness state and improve their physical conditions.

Application of Community TCM Constitution Identification in Health Management of the Elderly

Objective:To study the effect of adding traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)constitution identification to the health management of the elderly in Shuangzhao street of Xianyang city.Methods:A total of 142 elderly people were selected from January 2019 to January 2021 in this community and were divided into two groups which consists of 71 participants each.In the reference group,where health management is done based on the current routine of the health management measures of the community;on the other hand,the subjects of the experimental group incorporatesTCM Constitution identification to their health management routine.During the course of the experiment,the level of health awareness,the scores of physical indicators and quality of life,and the subjects’satisfaction with health management were compared between the two groups.Results:According to the statistical analysis of the experimental results,the level of health awareness of experimental subjects was 98.59%,while that of the reference group was only 76.06%,the difference between the two groups was significant and P<0.05;Based on the scores of physical indicators and quality of life of the subjects,the experimental group had significant advantages over those in the reference group(P<0.05);Questionnaires were used to investigate the subjects’satisfaction with health management.The satisfaction of the experimental group was 95.83%,while the satisfaction of the reference group was 80.28%,with a significant difference(P<0.05).Conclusion:Constitution of TCM identification application in community health management measures for the elderly can not only effectively improve the community elderly’s health knowledgeandact as a good disease prevention measure,but also can obviously improve the elderly’sphysical index and the quality of life.Besides,it also help build harmonious relations among residents of a community,and is worth popularizing among communities.

The Management of Mental Health, and Service Networks in Italy

Madness has attracted and frightened for centuries,and talking about this means discussing how this diversity was built and managed in different social contexts and historical periods.Not all societies have had,and still have,the same relationship with madness.It is only with the affirmation of the Modern State,and of Capitalism,that the idea of“normality”indispensable to be able to conceive diversity as something dangerously distant and different from the norm takes over.In our post-modern society,people with mental illness in Italy can resort to specialists and social-health services.But the heterogeneous answers given after the approval of law 180 appear to be increasingly diversified.In this research,much attention will be paid to how the social and health services,located in different areas of Italy(Messina,Rome,Trento)face the current growing risk of social,housing and economic isolation of these fragile subjects.The aim of the research is to explore the possibility of a new relationship between the social-health service and the local community.On the one hand,research investigates what the contribution of the services could be.On the other what the spaces of protagonism and participation of the community could be in inclusion process account.In order to better understand the differences between these two dimensions,a qualitative research approach was chosen through the conduct of in-depth interviews.In this way it was possible to investigate:(1)the partial representations characteristic of the single individual,family members,operators and stackholders in general;(2)the services around the topic dealt with is articulated.From the first results of the research it emerges that the territory can no longer be considered as an abstract entity,but becomes the social space within which the construction of a new community welfare can and must take place.

The Role of Library and Information Science Education in the Development of Community Health Information Services for People Living with HIV/AIDS: Perspectives of Directors and Managers of Public Libraries

This article identifies the role of library and information science (LIS) education in the development of community health information services for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). Preliminary findings are presented from semi- structured qualitative interviews that were conducted with eleven directors and managers of local branches in the Knox County Public Library (KCPL) System that is located in the East Tennessee region in the United States. Select feedback reported by research participants is summarized in the article about strategies in LIS education that can help local public librarians and others in their efforts to become more responsive information providers to PLWHA. Research findings help better understand the issues and concerns regarding the development of digital and non-digital health information services for PLWHA in local public library institutions.

Community Health Management and Nursing Strategies for Elderly Hypertension

Objective:To explore the therapeutic effects of community health management and nursing strategies for elderly hypertensive patients.Methods:A total of 64 elderly hypertensive patients who were treated in our hospital from March 2020 to March 2021 were selected.The control group took conventional care and guidance.The research group carried out community health management and nursing strategy guidance on the basis of the control group.Then compare the blood pressure levels of the two groups of patients before and after nursing and the patients’satisfaction with nursing.Results:Through comparison,it can be seen that the diastolic and systolic blood pressure levels of the study group and the control group are not significantly different before nursing.After nursing,the diastolic blood pressure of the patients in the study group was 81.22.1 mmHg and the systolic blood pressure was 126.58.7 mmHg.The diastolic blood pressure of the control group was 90.55.4 mmHg and the systolic blood pressure was 136.412.9 mmHg.There are obvious differences in the comparison of the two sets of data.By comparing the two groups of patients’satisfactions with nursing care,it can be seen that among the 32 patients in the study group:31 were very satisfied and basically satisfied,with a satisfaction rate of 96.87%.Among the 32 patients in the control group,28 were very satisfied and basically satisfied,with a satisfaction rate of 87.5%.The data of the two groups of patients are clearly comparable.Conclusion:Through community health management and nursing strategies,the satisfaction and treatment effect of elderly hypertensive patients can be improved,thereby contributing to the recovery of patients.

<i>Partenariat Santé</i>: Results of a Community Program to Improve the Cardiovascular Health among Adult Population

Partenariat Santé (PS) launched in Québec in 2016, is inspired from the Cardiovascular Health Awareness Program (CHAP) and consists of a free session held in the community by students coming from different health sciences programs. The program’s mission is to make available early detection of modifiable CVD risk factors, raise awareness of participants about their impact on CVDs, and promote healthy life changes. In order to gather information to optimize the implementation of this program and eventually to enlarge its implementation to other sites, the first objective of this study was to explore the characteristics of the adult population participating in the PS program and to identify the risk factors they want to modify. The second objective was to evaluate one month later the effective implementation of the action plan elaborated during the motivational interview. The third objective was to evaluate the satisfaction of the participants with the PS program. One hundred ten subjects who attended PS sessions during this period were enrolled in the study. About 30% of participants have blood pressure values ≥ 140/90 mmHg and 40% present a waist circumference associated with higher risk profile. The behaviors to be changed mostly targeted by the participants were physical inactivity and nutrition. A motivational interview was conducted with the elaboration of an action plan to support the behavioral/outcomes changes. Sixty participants (54.5%) completed the questionnaire in the one-month follow-up. Forty-one (68.3%) participants revealed that they had put their action plans into practice, while 63.3% claimed that they mostly reached their objectives. Motivation remains high after one month for participants who put their action plans in place (7.8 ± 1.9 versus 7.4 ± 1.6;p = 0.214), whereas it decreased significantly for those who did not (6.8 ± 2.1 versus 5.8 ± 2.0;p = 0.029). The majority of them agreed that PS program was useful (75%) and led them to change their lifestyle related to cardiovascular health (62%). In conclusion, our results suggest that the PS program can produce benefits on the promotion of cardiovascular health in the community adult population, being evaluated as useful to change the lifestyle related to CVD risk.

Community-based intervention of chronic disease management program in rural areas of Indonesia

Objective:This study evaluates the community-based intervention of chronic disease management(CDM)through the Integrated Non-Communicable Diseases Health Post(Posbindu-NCD)conducted by a community of health workers(CHWs)in Indonesia’s rural areas.Methods:A cohor t retrospective study evaluated 577 par ticipants from Posbindu-NCD in 7 public health centers(PHCs)in 2019.Activities of intervention of CDM for Posbindu-NCD was included,identified risk factors to NCDs,and provided counselling education and other follow-ups based on interviews and measurement results from the five Desk systems that recorded in a medical record as a form of the monthly activity report each the first month,the 6 months,and the 12th month.Results:There were statistically significant differences for alcohol consumed and diabetes mellites(χ^(2)=10.455;P=0.001).There were significant differences on gender(χ^(2)=3.963;P=0.047),on ethnicity(χ^(2)=19.873;P<0.001),and hypertension.In addition,there were also significant differences on ethnicity(χ^(2)=15.307;P<0.001),vegetable consumption(χ^(2)=4.435;P=0.035),physical exercise(χ^(2)=6.328;P=0.012),and the current diseases of hypercholesterolemia of par ticipants.Fur thermore,the survival rate among patients who have overweight,abdominal overweight,hyper tension,diabetes mellitus,and hypercholesterolemia increased among par ticipants who regularly visited Posbindu-NCD compared with the non-regularly one.Conclusions:The CDM program’s community-based intervention through Posbindu-NCD conducted by CHWs improved survival rates in Indonesia’s rural areas.Therefore,this program can be fur ther developed in conducting CDM in the community with the active involvement of CHWs so that the community becomes active regularly in par ticipating in Posbindu-NCD activities in rural areas of Indonesia.

Exploring the Effects of Health Education and Chronic Disease Management Nursing in the Management of Hypertension in Elderly Patients in the Community

Objective:To explore the effects of health education and chronic disease management nursing in elderly community patients with hypertension,in order to provide scientific evidence for improving the health management level of these patients.Methods:Sixty-four elderly hypertension patients treated at this hospital between March 2022 and March 2024 were selected and randomly divided into two groups,with 32 patients in each group.One group received conventional management,designated as the control group,while the other group received a combined management strategy involving health education and chronic disease management,designated as the experimental group.The study compared the management outcomes of the two groups to evaluate the value of the combined management approach in elderly hypertensive patients in the community.Results:The study found that the experimental group showed significantly lower systolic blood pressure(SBP),diastolic blood pressure(DBP),and scores on the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS)and Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS)compared to the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Additionally,the experimental group demonstrated significantly higher scores in disease cognition levels regarding awareness of normal blood pressure ranges,prevention of complications,identification of high-risk factors,and healthy lifestyle practices,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Moreover,the experimental group showed significantly better rates of self-management behaviors,such as quitting smoking and alcohol,self-monitoring of blood pressure,dietary control,regular medication adherence,and consistent exercise,compared to the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Conclusion:This study indicates that a combined management model integrating health education and chronic disease management effectively improves the emotional state of elderly hypertensive patients in the community,significantly enhances their disease cognition levels,and boosts their self-management abilities.Furthermore,this model can effectively lower patients’blood pressure,thereby achieving better health management outcomes for elderly hypertensive patients in the community.

医护人员对中医“治未病”视角下健康管理的认知情况

为探究中医“治未病”视角下医护人员的健康管理工作状况,该文对中医“治未病”理念和健康管理概念进行深入分析,总结其具体应用情况,提出医护人员健康管理中推进中医“治未病”理念的方法,以此为强化其健康管理工作质量提供指导意见。

中医特色健康管理模式联合中药热敷对腰突症患者疼痛及功能康复的影响

目的研究探讨中医特色健康管理模式联合中药热敷对腰突症患者疼痛及功能康复的影响。方法选取2021年6月—2023年6月本院收治的100例腰突症患者为对象,随机数字表法分为观察组、对照组,每组50例。对照组以常规护理干预结合中药热敷干预,观察组在此基础上增加中医特色健康管理模式干预。评估对比两组中医症状评分、疼痛程度、康复效果、不良事件发生率。结果观察组在干预2、4、8、12周时中医症状评分低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组在干预2、4、8、12周时视觉模拟评分低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组在干预2、4、8、12周时日本骨科协会评估治疗评分低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组不良事件发生率6.00%,低于对照组的22.00%(P<0.05)。结论中医特色健康管理模式联合中药热敷对腰突症效果良好,缓解中医症状和疼痛程度,恢复腰椎功能,降低各种不良事件发生。

体医融合视角下的中医药在社区养老服务中的应用探索——以福州市为例

在全球人口老龄化趋势日益严峻的背景下,中医药在社区养老服务中的应用逐渐成为研究焦点。本文从体医融合的视角出发,深入探讨了中医药在社区养老服务中的多种应用模式。以福州市社区老年人对中医药健康养老服务的需求情况作为切入点,分析社区卫生服务机构中医药服务的供给现状,探讨福州市开展社区中医药健康养老服务的优势、劣势、机会和威胁,通过建立体医融合型中医药综合养老服务模式、创新健康管理与评估体系、推广教育与培训计划、开展健康促进活动以及构建资源共享平台等策略,为中医药在社区养老服务中的广泛应用提供了理论支撑和实践指导。研究结果表明,在体医融合视角下,中医药在社区养老服务中展现出巨大的应用潜力,能够显著提升老年人的生活质量和健康水平。这一研究为进一步推动中医药在社区养老服务领域的发展提供了重要参考。

Availability and social determinants of community health management service for patients with chronic diseases:An empirical analysis on elderly hypertensive and diabetic patients in an eastern metropolis of China

Objective:This study aimed to determine the availability of community health management services and the relevant social determinants for elderly patients with chronic diseases.Methods:All data were obtained from the 2013 random sampling household survey on an elderly population conducted by the School of Public Health of Peking University in an eastern metropolis in China.Information from the database of the above survey involving 1495 hypertensive or diabetic patients>60 years of age,as representatives of the city,were included.The study described the availability of follow-up services by community doctors among elderly hypertensive and diabetic patients during the 12 months before the survey.An ordinal multinomial logistic regression model was used to conduct the analysis on the influence of socio-economic background upon such availability.Results:Eighty-one percent of hypertensive patients and 84.7%of diabetic patients had not received any follow-up service from community doctors within 12 months prior to the survey.Among elderly hypertensive patients,those registered as non-agricultural household members,those with high and above-average income,as well as management personnel of government agencies,enterprises,and social programs have a greater chance of accepting follow-up service by community doctors because of their relatively higher socio-economic rankings.Among elderly diabetic patients,such socio-economic factors had no significant influence on the availability of the follow-up service for chronic diseases.Conclusion:The coverage of community health management services for elderly hypertensive and diabetic patients needs improvement.More effort should focus on promoting the availability of community health management services for elderly hypertensive patients,especially those with lower socio-economic status.

Effects of a Stress Management Program Based on Psychological Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Disease after Retirement in an Underpopulated Area: A Pilot Study

Background: To develop an effective health education program to prevent cardiovascular disease in middle-aged residents after retirement in underpopulated areas, we explored the effects of a stress management program based on the type A behavior pattern. Methods: This study was carried out in a rural city in Japan recognized as underpopulated and participants were civil servants aged 45 - 64 who joined a stress management program offered as part of staff training. Learning materials for the program were developed based on the type A behavior pattern. Measures for the impact evaluation were Bloom’s learning domains and stage of change for stress management practice. Measures for the outcome evaluation were KG’s Daily Life Questionnaire (KG Questionnaire), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the Framingham 10-year cardiovascular risk score (CVD risk score). We statistically analyzed changes in each item between time points. Results: Eighteen participants completed questionnaire surveys at pre-, post-, and 4 weeks post-program and eleven had complete blood pressure and weight measurements at pre- and post-program. In the impact evaluation, the Friedman test found significant differences between the three time points in all of Bloom’s learning domain scores and stage of change for stress management. In the post hoc analysis, a significant increase was seen between pre- and post-program and between pre- and 4 weeks post-program in cognitive domain score, psychomotor domain score and stage of change for stress management. In the outcome evaluation, a significant decrease in systolic blood pressure was seen between pre- and post-program. Conclusion: The present study suggested that a stress management program using learning materials based on type A behavior could promote stress management practices and reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. This stress management program is expected to be useful as a health promotion activity for middle-aged residents after retirement in underpopulated areas.

An automated management system for the community health service in China

Objective:To explore a useful tool for health administrative departments to manage the com-munity health service(CHS).Methods:On the basis of existing health laws and regulations in China,we describe the design of an automated management system for the CHS with a supervision system and an evaluation system using computer technology and corresponding design software.Results:Four changes to the management of the CHS were made:repetitive work became automated,complicated work became simplified,nonregular services decreased,and obscure in-structions became clear and specific.Conclusion:The automated management system will promote the development of CHS man-agement.

智能化中医健康管理云平台构建与服务

研究中医体质辨识方法,中医四诊客观化方法,基于深度学习研究健康状态辨识和智能推荐的算法模型,参考中医养生知识库构建方案库,利用互联网实现多终端的健康服务,研发智能化中医健康管理云平台,通过微信小程序、移动平板和Web服务3种模式,提供具有中医特色的健康管理。

中医综合干预对慢性肾脏病高风险因素防控的效果分析

目的:观察分析对慢性肾脏病患者的相关高风险因素进行中医综合干预的效果。方法:从2018年8月―2019年12月在湖北省中医院肾病科门诊就诊的患者,选取慢性肾脏病2~4期患者共75例,在西医治疗指南和中医治疗方案基础上,针对高血压病、高血脂、高尿酸血症、反复泌尿道及呼吸道感染等高危因素,实施中医综合调养,包括饮食指导、中药茶饮、运动导引、穴位按摩等,患者每日记录完成情况。比较患者治疗前和治疗后6个月、12个月肾功能指标(血肌酐、尿白蛋白/尿肌酐、血尿酸、肾小球滤过率)、总胆固醇、三酰甘油、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇等指标,分析各指标干预后的变化情况。结果:与基线相比,6个月时各指标略降低,但差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05);12个月时的血脂、尿酸指标改善,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。血肌酐尿白蛋白/尿肌酐稍降低,但差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。肾小球滤过率年下降(1.25±2.34),小于4 mL/(min·1.73 m^(2)),延缓了慢性肾脏病的进展。结论:在常规中西医诊疗基础上,通过中药茶饮、饮食管理、穴位按摩、运动导引等中医综合调养,对防控慢性肾脏病的高风险因素有效果,可延缓慢性肾脏病进展,有助于提高临床疗效。

上海市实施整合式慢性病社区健康管理模式的促进和障碍因素

目的分析整合式慢性病社区健康管理模式实施的促进和障碍因素,区分模式服务量高覆盖率组和低覆盖率组在实施性研究的整合性理论框架(consolidated framework for implementation research,CFIR)上的结构差异,为政府部门提供政策建议。方法结合CFIR对22名专家进行半结构化访谈,采用定性结构评级法对13家社区卫生服务中心受访者评分,利用NVivo 12软件编码。结果高覆盖率组和低覆盖率组的相对优势、外部政策与激励、实施准备度、反思和评价、领导个人特质5个CFIR结构有差异。促进因素包括:测量数据更加精准,提高了高血压和糖尿病患者的异常检出率和控制率;模式实现了服务、技术、数据“三整合”,优化管理流程,提供管理抓手;基础性和个性化服务结合吸引患者到基层就诊;模式与我国政策背景,初级卫生保健工作和以患者为中心理念兼容;数字化工具的应用减轻医护人员工作负担;领导重视是基础,利益方间的通力合作是重要保障。障碍因素包括:宏观层面缺少卫生行政机构的支持性政策,组织架构和运行机制尚未建立,建设、投入主体以及具体工作规范和流程有待明确;缺乏监督管理机制和质量评估小组;模式推广目标模糊;缺乏规范化系统性的培训计划;为不同群体提供服务存在挑战,缺乏有效的社会面宣传;模式仍须提高需方获得感;社区布局限制了模式的服务提供。结论卫生行政部门应明确模式的建设、运行、投入主体,完善组织架构并明确各利益方的功能定位和职责分工,进一步制定工作规范和工作流程;建立信息反馈机制和质量控制小组并进行定期评估;制定清晰的目标;加大宣传教育,扩大宣传面;利用数字化工具形成良性医患互动机制。

基于状态辨识与中医健康管理探索药膳应用新思路

中医健康管理以中医状态学为基础理论依据,建立起以人为中心的全过程、全方位、全周期的健康服务体系。药膳食疗作为中医药的特色组成部分,也是中医健康管理干预手段之一。从中医状态辨识与中医健康管理出发,收集整理药膳食疗方剂,并结合人体生长阶段、外在环境、内在体质、微观指标等因素进行多层次分类筛选,从而形成药膳食疗健康干预手段。并基于未病、欲病、已病以及病后4种状态,改善药膳食疗应用方式,使其更加便捷化、客观化、精准化,为中医健康管理及药膳现代应用提供新的思路。