Concept of building a Community with a Shared Future for Human beings and International Cooperation on Pandemic Prevention and Control——Global Pandemic Prevention and Control and Human rights Protection the Second Session of the Series of international S

The global outbreak of COVID-19 has posed a great challenge to the human rights protection.On May 18,2020,the second session of the series of international seminars on"Global Pandemic Prevention and Control and Human Rights Protection",organized by the Institute of Human Rights of China University of Political Science and Law under the guidance of the China Society for Human Rights Studies,was held online.The seminar was themed on the Concept of Building a Community with a Shared Future for Human Beings and International Cooperation on Pandemic Prevention and Control."Through the seminr,Chinese and foreign experts discussed in depth the values of human rights theories,the specific practices and measures taken by China and the European Union in fighting COVID-19,the protection of human rights in emergencies and the issue of human rights derogation.The seminar delivered a general consensus that prejudice should be abandoned in public health emergencies and international cooperation is continuously promoted within the framework of the United Nations to build a community with a shared future for human beings.

The Main Areas and Mechanism of China-Africa Cooperation from the Perspective of Human Rights——Based on the Analysis of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation

China-Africa cooperation has a long history and a solid foundation of mutual trust.Since the launch of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation(FOCAC)in 2000,China and African countries have conducted more comprehensive and institutionalized cooperation,and achieved a series of achievements which have attracted the attention of the international community.From the perspective of human rights protection,China-Africa cooperation is mainly concentrated in five areas,namely:poverty alleviation,medical and health,the ecological environment,conflict management,education and cultural communication.Based on the practices in each of these fields,it can be summarized that there are five mechanisms,i.e.,the approach mechanism,material support mechanism,capacitybuilding mechanism,system optimization mechanism,and mechanism for breakthroughs on key issues.The main areas and mechanism of China-Africa cooperation is a potential network structure and has become a powerful impetus to promote the joint building of a community of shared future between China and Africa.

Creating a New Era for Sino-African Cooperation

China and African countries are developing countries. Both have achieved significant success in economic and trade cooperation.China's development offers opportunities for African countries and more communication and mutual learning will create 21st century marvels.

20 Years of the SCO:Development,Experience and Future Direction

The Shanghai Cooperation Organization(SCO)has withstood storms to create a cooperative platform in Central Asia that conforms to the trend of the times,meets regional needs,and serves its member states’interests.SCO’s commitment to innovative thinking,security cooperation and regional coordination has contributed to regional stability and development and to gaining experience for establishing regional and global order.China-Russia cooperation,efforts by the“Shanghai Five,”relations among member states,and external pressure have been the main driving forces supporting a huge increase in trade in the past 20 years.For regional development and stability and a greater role in global governance,the SCO should continue taking the long-term perspective in planning and policy.

Building International Consensus and Working Together to Advance the Development of the Global Human Rights Cause—Summary of Academic Views at the Forum on Global Human Rights Governance

On June 14-15,2023,the Forum on Global Human Rights Governance,jointly hosted by the State Council Information Office,the Ministry of Foreign Affairs,and the China International Development Cooperation Agency,was held in Beijing under the theme of“Equality,Cooperation and Development:The 30th Anniversary of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action and Global Human Rights Governance.”Participants conducted in-depth discussions and exchanges on topics such as“International Cooperation and Global Human Rights Governance,”“Global Development Initiative and the Realization of the Right to Development”,“Global Security Initiative and Human Rights Protection,”“UN Human Rights Mechanisms and Global Human Rights Governance,”and“Human Rights Protection in the Digital Age.”The event helped build international consensus and yielded fruitful achievements.

The Contribution, Experience and Risk Control of Social Organizations’ Participation in Global Human Rights Governance

As the"third sector",social organizations are increasingly involved in human rights affairs in the era of governance through cooperation.They play an important role in the construction of a human rights community with the core of"common human values",and together with the government and other relevant subjects,they become the guarantors of human rights.By sorting out the main contributions of social organizations and successful experiences participating in human rights governance,it can be seen that they timely support relevant policies and laws and the participation through certain modes are successful experiences of social organizations in participating in human rights governance.Under the guarantee of the mechanism of effectiveness and risk control along the whole chain before,during and after the process,these contributions and experience will provide better Chinese experience and Chinese programs to promote global human rights governance and the progress of human rights cause in the world.

Non-Settlement as Part of Efforts to Build a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind

Studying the scientific connotations of the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind and its guiding significance in international law is an important topic,and integrating the rich ideas contained in this concept into the theory of international dispute settlement is of great practical value.At present,the practice of international dispute settlement is encountering many difficulties,and there is a need to create new models and new ideas for international dispute settlement.Peaceful non-settlement is an important supplement to the existing methods of international dispute settlement.Generalizing and theorizing the practice of peaceful non-settlement from a legal perspective and making the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind a theoretical resource for supporting peaceful non-settlement can help enrich and guide the practice of peaceful non-settlement.In addition,peaceful non-settlement can help build a community with a shared future for mankind.

An Approach for Building a High-Quality Belt and Road

The Second Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation has ushered in a new phase featuring the joint promotion of a comprehensive,high-quality Belt and Road construction.Advancing the construction of a high-quality Belt and Road is based not only on the solid achievements of its six years of consolidation and practical cooperation,but also on the guidance of China’s initiatives and proposals,general recognition by the countries along the Belt and Road,as well as the support and recognition from international organizations like the United Nations.However,the uncertainty and instability found in the ever-changing international environment,the suspicion and strategic competition from extraterritorial major countries,and other concrete problems appearing during its construction over the past six years have also posed certain challenges that cannot be ignored.The direction of its high-quality development in this new phase involves China’s proactive selection to face the changing international environment and curtail suspicions from the outside world,as well as to resolve the difficulties and problems it encounters along the way in a timely manner,which will ensure the long-term sustainability of the Belt and Road.Achieving this goal calls for long-term system engineering,wherein China should continue to play a steering role,and the convergence of the interests of the countries along the Belt and Road so as to fuse these nations,each with their own respective resources,closely together by building a regional value chain.In such a closely-knit community,high-quality infrastructure serves as the backbone,while diversified financing institutions and functions serve as the arteries.Meanwhile,institutional building should also be emphasized,which will ensure that the goals for building a high-quality Belt and Road are fulfilled at different levels.

中国参与亚洲区域组织的实践:发展历程、经验教训与未来展望

中国参与亚洲区域组织实践的发展历程,可以分为参与学习期、主动有为期和积极影响期三个阶段。中国参与亚洲区域组织实践的成就主要体现在倡导成立了上海合作组织和亚洲基础设施投资银行、开创了区域治理的新模式、推动了区域合作格局的调整和促进区域合作,以及催生了新的国际机制等方面。中国参与亚洲区域组织实践的成功经验主要有:坚持开放的区域主义,坚持本国利益诉求与区域稳定发展相统一,谋求地区和平发展与参与全球治理有机结合。中国参与亚洲区域组织实践的教训主要包括:大国协调能力有待进一步加强、制度创设能力有限等。未来中国参与亚洲区域组织实践,应重点推动亚洲命运共同体的构建、进一步完善亚洲区域争端解决机制以及寻找多层次的亚洲区域治理方案等。

“上海精神”新内涵与构建人类命运共同体

以'互信、互利、平等、协商、尊重多样文明、谋求共同发展'为基本内容的'上海精神'赋予了上海合作组织以持久生命力,也阐释了中国和平发展论的思想精髓。在新的时代条件下,积极弘扬'上海精神'五观思想不仅代表着新时代中国和平发展论的新倡议,更表征着'上海精神'新内涵的重大现实意义和深远历史意义。'上海精神'五观思想基于中国优秀的传统文化,是中国世界秩序观的科学表达,也是新时代中国特色社会主义文化自信和理论自信的应有之义。'上海精神'五观思想的基本逻辑是:以合作观为政经秩序路径,以安全观为安全基础保障,以发展观为经济繁荣导向,以文明观为文化交流准则,以新型全球治理观为生态建设原则。鉴言之,'上海精神'五观思想既统一于人类命运共同体的远大构想,其组成部分在保持自身价值的同时又暗含着一种超越任何一个地区或国家视角和理想的秩序观,即一种全球性、结构性和法理性的文化。

上海合作组织的未来发展路径选择——从地区公共产品的视角

对于地区合作的新型组织上海合作组织,国内外学术界已从现实主义、新自由制度主义、建构主义和国际社会心理学的认知理论等多种视角进行了研究。本文运用地区公共产品理论,分析了上海合作组织所具备的地区公共产品特征及其在供应方面所存在的问题,并从公共产品有效提供理论出发,提出了上海合作组织的未来发展中需要着重考虑的几个问题。

人类命运共同体语境下的上海合作组织发展问题研究

上海合作组织青岛峰会将“构建人类命运共同体的共同理念”纳入峰会通过的青岛宣言之中。这反映了上合组织成员国对于构建人类命运共同体形成了政治共识,并为其未来的行动提供了努力目标,而上合组织在人类命运共同体的指引下也为自身发展带来新的思路。扩员之后的上合组织一方面需要继续整合自身实力,另一方面也表现出提升国际影响力的雄心,这一雄心的实现需要对内处理好国家关系,增强凝聚力,推进合作深化;对外需要不断深化同国际组织、国家的交往合作。人类命运共同体为上合组织对内和对外关系的处理提供了理念指引和原则遵循。深入分析上合组织与人类命运共同体之间的内在联系,研究上合组织如何推动构建人类命运共同体,人类命运共同体如何促进上合组织发展完善是本文意欲解决的问题。通过研究发现,上合组织可从成员国团结协作、安全合作、经济合作、人文合作、绿色发展五个领域推动构建人类命运共同体,促进上合组织的完善发展。

上海合作组织大学项目的发展历程与未来展望

上海合作组织大学作为上海合作组织框架下机构,是在高等教育国际化进程加快、上海合作组织不断发展壮大与人才需求不断上升的背景下产生的,其为各成员国地区政治、经济、文化等多方面提供了人力资源保障。上海合作组织大学自发轫以来经历了萌芽、正式确立、扩容及不断完善的历史阶段,每个阶段的工作及重要文件的产生均为接下来扩大上合大学规模、拓展培养方向、建立上合大学实体大学、拓宽上合大学经费来源渠道等可能举措的实施创造了有利的条件。

扩员后中亚成员国对上海合作组织的期待及其应对

自2017年6月以来,受到上海合作组织地域范围扩大、中亚成员国国内政治进程变化、阿富汗局势演变和外部主要行为体中亚政策调整等因素的影响,中亚成员国对上海合作组织的主要诉求发生了变化。在政治领域,中亚成员国期望强化成员国之间的政治对话和信任水平;在安全领域,中亚成员国希望提升上海合作组织对阿富汗问题的综合应对能力,并进一步深化非传统安全领域的合作;在经济领域,中亚成员国的共同利益需求在于提升组织框架内多边经济合作的成效;在人文交流领域,中亚成员国之间强化人文交流与合作的需要较以往更为迫切。有鉴于此,上海合作组织须准确把握与平衡各成员国的主要诉求,寻找各方共同利益的交汇点,在凝聚共同价值、构筑共同安全、打造共同利益和培育共同情感四个方面,将该组织打造成国际合作的典范。

Creating Strategic Opportunities:The Concept and Practice of China-ASEAN Security Cooperation

The cooperation between China and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations(ASEAN)began with the establishment of dialogue relations between the two sides after the ending of the Cold War.In 1994,when the ASEAN Regional Forum was established,China was one of the founding members,marking the beginning of formal security cooperation between China and ASEAN.The decision to shift to cooperation/enhance willingness to cooperate was made by the two parties after taking stock of the international and regional situation and their respective interests in the wake of the collapse of the bipolar system.Security cooperation was driven by a consensus on seizing,creating and maintaining strategic opportunities;or more specifically,by taking advantage of development opportunities and striving to maintain regional stability in difficult situations,thus creating a peaceful and amicable strategic regional context for sustainable development.The core concept of China-ASEAN security cooperation is developmental peace,with the norms of cooperation being the ASEAN way,cooperative security,the new security concept and the Asian security concept.In practice,China-ASEAN security cooperation covers three dimensions-strategic stability,management and control of high tension issues,and practical cooperation.New opportunities and challenges are emerging in the new era for China-ASEAN security cooperation.Fundamentally speaking,the two sides need to strive for the goal of building an ASEAN community and a China-ASEAN community with a shared future and to properly coordinate the strategic positioning of the long-term core interests of both parties.

丝绸之路经济带建设的大构想

"丝绸之路经济带"构想的内涵十分丰富,体现了中国致力于推动"丝绸之路经济带"沿途各国之间的"经济大合作"构想。建设"丝绸之路经济带"具有众多有利因素,同时也存在不利因素。要顺利推进"丝绸之路经济带"建设,必须谋划正确的推进方略,确定正确的实施路径。最主要的是以上海合作组织为依托,运用现代科技等手段,全方位多角度地沟通与协商,从而构建沿途国家互利共赢的"利益共同体",以期带动沿途各国间的开发投资、商品贸易、能源合作、人文交流。除了建构"利益共同体"之外,还应将"丝绸之路经济带"进一步链接成为新型地缘经济板块,为新兴国家的崛起和世界经济的发展提供强有力的支撑,进而集结起一支新兴地缘经济力量,推动更加公正合理的新型国际经济秩序的构建。

中国与上海合作组织成员农产品贸易合作：时空特征、竞合关系与前景展望

2001年6月15日,中国、俄罗斯、哈萨克斯坦、乌兹别克斯坦、吉尔吉斯斯坦、塔吉克斯坦等六国元首在上海签署了《上海合作组织成立宣言》,标志着“上海合作组织”正式成立,构建起了横跨欧亚大陆的新型区域经济合作组织。自该组织成立以来,中国与上合组织成员间经贸合作卓有成效,领域拓展,层次升级,内涵提升。近年来,农业领域逐渐成为双边经贸合作的新亮点、新方向。2001—2018年,中国与上合组织成员间农产品贸易规模攀升,品种丰富,互补性优势彰显。上合组织各成员农业资源禀赋充裕、优势特色突出,深化农产品贸易合作是各成员实现自身经济发展及共同应对国际经济危机的重要诉求,也是构筑“上海合作组织命运共同体”的物质根基及有效路径之一。新时代,“一带一路”倡议为中国与上合组织成员农产品贸易合作发展创造了新机遇、新平台。随着上合组织阵容增扩及内部机制不断完善,基于各成员国内农业资源互补优势与农产品供需结构矛盾,秉持“上海精神”,坚持“共商、共建、共享”原则,以农业领域“五通建设”为行动指南,精准施策,务实推进,未来中国与上合组织成员的农产品贸易合作潜力巨大、前景光明。

中国经略上合组织:进展、战略与前景

上海合作组织是中国参与创建的第一个区域性国际组织。中国在上合组织20多年的发展历程中大力倡导并不断发展“上海精神”,积极推动组织的价值构建和基础建设,努力营造良好稳定的安全环境,全力推进地区务实合作和人文交流,为上合组织发展壮大做出重要贡献。上合组织完成首次扩员后,中国提出构建上合组织命运共同体。习近平提出的“新五观”“四个典范”“四个共同体”“五条路”一脉相承,环环相扣,层层递进,使上合组织命运共同体理念逐渐系统化,构成一个具有内在联系的全面完整的价值链,凝结着中方对构建上合组织命运共同体理念持续探索创新的思想结晶。未来十年将是上合组织发展的关键期,对上合组织命运共同体建设至关重要。

“一带一路”视域下中亚极端势力成因及其风险防范

随着"一带一路"建设的不断推进,沿线地缘因素中由极端势力带来的安全问题日益凸显。历史因素、现实因素和外部因素等对中亚极端势力的产生和发展起着重要作用,影响着"一带一路"在中亚国家的顺利推进,主要表现在:不利于中亚及周边地区的安全稳定、不利于中亚及周边地区的和平发展、不利于中亚及周边地区的交流合作。要防范和化解这些风险,应凝聚团结互信力量,共同维护周边安全;建立风险防范机制,搭建评估预警平台;以文化相通促民心相通,拓展国际合作的伙伴网络。

上海合作组织参与全球气候治理的动因、困境与前景

面对气候变化的复杂挑战,从2003年起气候变化及与之相关的水资源保护、能源转型等成为上海合作组织关注的重要议题。截至目前,上海合作组织成员国已经就合作应对气候变化问题达成共识,并采取了针对性措施开展气候行动。在以合作促发展的现实需求和以气候治理增强和巩固上海合作组织命运共同体意识的价值需求的双重因素驱动下,上海合作组织参与全球气候治理的意愿和动力不断增强。但上海合作组织参与全球气候治理也面临内外挑战,气候治理能力不足、利益矛盾与博弈不断、自身机制缺陷、外部力量干扰以及现有全球气候治理体系的不足等对上海合作组织凝聚治理共识、采取有效行动形成制约。这些问题与挑战虽然对上海合作组织参与全球气候治理带来一定冲击,但难以抵挡上海合作组织成员国气候合作的步伐。未来,上海合作组织应多措并举,抓住合作机遇,为构建公平合理、合作共赢的全球气候治理体系注入上合力量。