TCS1等位基因的差异表达参与弄岛野茶低咖啡碱的形成

本研究以弄岛野茶(MHLC)和云抗10号(YK10)茶树品种为实验材料,通过HPLC测定不同样品不同季节以及MHLC不同发育阶段叶和茎的生物碱含量;利用RT-PCR法克隆不同样品中的咖啡碱合成酶基因1(TCS1)的编码区,并对其表达量进行分析。结果显示:MHLC是一份天然低咖啡碱、高可可碱茶树种质资源,不同季节其可可碱含量均大于23.00 mg/g,而咖啡碱的含量不足4.00 mg/g;另外,MHLC芽中积累的咖啡碱和可可碱最高,在同一发育阶段下,叶片比茎具有更高的咖啡碱和可可碱,并且随着成熟度的提高,叶片和茎中的咖啡碱和可可碱均逐渐减少。通过基因克隆和定量分析发现:MHLC具有2种TCS1等位变异:TCS1b(仅具有可可碱合成酶活性)和TCS1d(同时具有可可碱和咖啡碱合成酶活性),其中TCS1b的高表达、TCS1d的极低表达很可能是导致MHLC高可可碱、低咖啡碱的关键原因。本研究为低咖啡碱茶树育种提供材料,也为MHLC的有效利用提供分子基础。

四驱电动赛车TCS滑模预测控制系统设计与实现

针对四驱电动方程式赛车在不同路面工况下过度打滑的问题,设计了一种结合卡尔曼滤波车速估计和滑模控制的牵引力控制系统,以提高整车直线加速性能、减小车轮打滑以保证稳定性和快速加速中的安全性;控制器以车轮滑转率为控制变量,通过调整各驱动轮输出扭矩,以保证滑转率控制在最优范围内;考虑获取准确车速是得到最优滑转率的前提,设计卡尔曼滤波器,实现车速估计;针对滑模控制自身存在的抖振问题,采用改进的指数趋近律,提高稳定性;利用Matlab/Simulink和CARSIM联合仿真,验证了该控制系统的有效性;最终完成实车测试与应用,在实际应用中实现控制系统满足四驱电动方程式赛车的快速平稳加速的工程要求。

Feedback linearization and equivalent-disturbance compensation control strategy for piezoelectric stage

Piezoelectric stages use piezoelectric actuators and flexure hinges as driving and amplifying mechanisms,respectively.These systems have high positioning accuracy and high-frequency responses,and they are widely used in various precision/ultra-precision positioning fields.However,the main challenge with these devices is the inherent hysteresis nonlinearity of piezoelectric actuators,which seriously affects the tracking accuracy of a piezoelectric stage.Inspired by this challenge,in this work,we developed a Hammerstein model to describe the hysteresis nonlinearity of a piezoelectric stage.In particular,in our proposed scheme,a feedback-linearization algorithm is used to eliminate the static hysteresis nonlinearity.In addition,a composite controller based on equivalent-disturbance compensation was designed to counteract model uncertainties and external disturbances.An analysis of the stability of a closed-loop system based on this feedback-linearization algorithm and composite controller was performed,and this was followed by extensive comparative experiments using a piezoelectric stage developed in the laboratory.The experimental results confirmed that the feedback-linearization algorithm and the composite controller offer improved linearization and trajectory-tracking performance.

Case study on the mechanics of NPR anchor cable compensation for large deformation tunnel in soft rock in the Transverse Mountain area,China

A study was conducted to analyze the deformation mechanism of strongly weathered quartz schist in the Daliangshan Tunnel,located in the western Transverse Mountain area.A large deformation problem was experienced during the tunnel construction.To mitigate this problem,a support system was designed incorporating negative Poisson ratio(NPR)anchor cables with negative Poisson ratio effect.Physical model experiments,field experiments,and numerical simulation experiments were conducted to investigate the compensation mechanical behavior of NPR anchor cables.The large deformations of soft rocks in the Daliangshan Tunnel are caused by a high ground stress,a high degree of joint fracture development,and a high degree of surrounding rock fragmentation.A compensation mechanics support system combining long and short NPR anchor cables was suggested to provide sufficient counter-support force(approximately 350 kN)for the surrounding rock inside the tunnel.Comparing the NPR anchor cable support system with the original support system used in the Daliangshan tunnel showed that an NPR anchor cable support system,combining cables of 6.3 m and 10.3 m in length,effectively prevented convergence of surrounding rock deformation,and the integrated settlement convergence value remained below 300 mm.This study provides an effective scientific basis for resolving large deformation problems in deeply buried soft rocks in western transverse mountain areas.

Ultrahigh spatiotemporal resolution beam signal reconstruction with bunch phase compensation

Various electromagnetic signals are excited by the beam in the acceleration and beam-diagnostic elements of a particle accelerator.It is important to obtain time-domain waveforms of these signals with high temporal resolution for research,such as the study of beam–cavity interactions and bunch-by-bunch parameter measurements.Therefore,a signal reconstruction algorithm with ultrahigh spatiotemporal resolution and bunch phase compensation based on equivalent sampling is proposed in this paper.Compared with traditional equivalent sampling,the use of phase compensation and setting the bunch signal zero-crossing point as the time reference can construct a more accurate reconstructed signal.The basic principles of the method,simulation,and experimental comparison are also introduced.Based on the beam test platform of the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)and the method of experimental verification,the factors that affect the reconstructed signal quality are analyzed and discussed,including the depth of the sampled data,quantization noise of analog-to-digital converter,beam transverse oscillation,and longitudinal oscillation.The results of the beam experiments show that under the user operation conditions of the SSRF,a beam excitation signal with an amplitude uncertainty of 2%can be reconstructed.

TCS智能分选技术在沙曲选煤厂的应用

针对沙曲选煤厂粗煤泥TBS分选系统存在的堵孔、堵料、尾渣排放不连续等问题进行升级改造,将原分选技术TBS替换为TCS。TCS分选技术首先联合泵排料策略实现最大化平稳运行;其次部署智能干扰器,高效跟踪扰动;最后加配稀释水系统进行防堵优化。在选煤厂的应用表明,采用TCS分选工艺分选精度明显提高,分选效果较佳,证实了此次改造的合理性和有效性。

Study on thermal decomposition kinetics of azobenzene-4,4′-dicarboxylic acid by using compensation parameter method and nonlinear fitting evaluation

Recently,azobenzene-4,4'-dicarboxylic acid(ADCA)has been produced gradually for use as an organic synthesis or pharmaceutical intermediate due to its eminent performance.With large quantities put into application in the future,the thermal stability of this substance during storage,transportation,and use will become quite important.Thus,in this work,the thermal decomposition behavior,thermal decomposition kinetics,and thermal hazard of ADCA were investigated.Experiments were conducted by using a SENSYS evo DSC device.A combination of differential iso-conversion method,compensation parameter method,and nonlinear fitting evaluation were also used to analyze thermal kinetics and mechanism of ADCA decomposition.The results show that when conversion rate α increases,the activation energies of ADCA's first and main decomposition peaks fall.The amount of heat released during decomposition varies between 182.46 and 231.16 J·g^(-1).The proposed kinetic equation is based on the Avrami-Erofeev model,which is consistent with the decomposition progress.Applying the Frank-Kamenetskii model,a calculated self-accelerating decomposition temperature of 287.0℃is obtained.

Excavation compensation and bolt support for a deep mine drift

To overcome large deformation of deep phosphate rock roadways and pillar damage,a new type of constant-resistance large-deformation negative Poisson’s ratio(NPR)bolt that can withstand a high prestress of at least 130 KN was developed.In the conducted tests,the amount of deformation was 200-2000 mm,the breaking force reached 350 KN,and a high constant-resistance pre-stress was maintained during the deformation process.A stress compensation theory of phosphate rock excavation based on NPR bolts is proposed together with a balance system for bolt compensation of the time-space effect and high NPR pre-stress.Traditional split-set rock bolts are unable to maintain the stability of roadway roofs and pillars.To verify the support effect of the proposed bolt,field tests were conducted using both the proposed NPR bolts and split-set rock bolts as support systems on the same mining face.In addition,the stress compensation mechanism of roadway mining was simulated using the particle flow code in three dimensions(PFC^(3D))-fast Lagrangian analysis of continua(FLAC^(3D))particle-flow coupling numerical model.On-site monitoring and numerical simulations showed that the NPR excavation compensation support scheme effectively improves the stress state of the bolts and reduces the deformation of the surrounding rock.Compared to the original support scheme,the final deformation of the surrounding rock was reduced by approximately 70%.These results significantly contribute to domestic and foreign research on phosphate-rock NPR compensation support technology,theoretical systems,and engineering practices,and further promote technological innovation in the phosphate rock mining industry.

Research on Anti-Fluctuation Control of Winding Tension System Based on Feedforward Compensation

In the fiber winding process,strong disturbance,uncertainty,strong coupling,and fiber friction complicate the winding constant tension control.In order to effectively reduce the influence of these problems on the tension output,this paper proposed a tension fluctuation rejection strategy based on feedforward compensation.In addition to the bias harmonic curve of the unknown state,the tension fluctuation also contains the influence of bounded noise.A tension fluctuation observer(TFO)is designed to cancel the uncertain periodic signal,in which the frequency generator is used to estimate the critical parameter information.Then,the fluctuation signal is reconstructed by a third-order auxiliary filter.The estimated signal feedforward compensates for the actual tension fluctuation.Furthermore,a time-varying parameters fractional-order PID controller(TPFOPID)is realized to attenuate the bounded noise in the fluctuation.Finally,TPFOPID is enhanced by TFO and applied to control a tension control system considering multi-source disturbances.The stability of the method is analyzed by using the Lyapunov theorem.Finally,numerical simulations verify that the proposed scheme improves the tracking ability and robustness of the system in response to tension fluctuations.

Design of Cold-Junction Compensation and Disconnection Detection Circuits of Various Thermocouples and Implementation of Multi-Channel Interfaces Using Them-A Secondary Publication

Cold-junction compensation(CJC)and disconnection detection circuit design of various thermocouples(TC)and multi-channel TC interface circuits were designed.The CJC and disconnection detection circuit consists of a CJC semiconductor device,an instrumentation amplifier(IA),two resistors,and a diode for disconnection detection.Based on the basic circuit,a multi-channel interface circuit was also implemented.The CJC was implemented using compensation semiconductor and IA,and disconnection detection was detected by using two resistors and a diode so that IA input voltage became-0.42 V.As a result of the experiment using R-type TC,the error of the designed circuit was reduced from 0.14 mV to 3μV after CJC in the temperature range of 0°C to 1400°C.In addition,it was confirmed that the output voltage of IA was saturated from 88 mV to-14.2 V when TC was disconnected from normal.The output voltage of the designed circuit was 0 V to 10 V in the temperature range of 0°C to 1400°C.The results of the 4-channel interface experiment using R-type TC were almost identical to the CJC and disconnection detection results for each channel.The implemented multi-channel interface has a feature that can be applied equally to E,J,K,T,R,and S-type TCs by changing the terminals of CJC semiconductor devices and adjusting the IA gain.

TCS功能标定工况电驱总成故障问题研究

针对现有TCS功能标定造成电驱总成故障的问题,结合故障工况及故障件拆解分析了其故障机理,提出在采用基于门限值的驱动轮轮速差控制算法来进行差速器保护。根据标定工况下路面附着系数及整车参数,建立了对开路面TCS触发工况下,包括驱动电机模型、ESC控制模型在内的整车多体动力学模型。利用Matlab-Simulink和Carsim开展联合仿真,并根据仿真对比结果,制定了基于门限值的驱动轮速差控制算法开发策略,最后通过整车标定试验验证了模型仿真结果。

The Rights to Claim for Industrial Injury Compensation and Tort Compensation are Applicable to the Law:Taking Fu and Li v.a Passenger Transport Company as an Example

In the case of third-party tort,due to the lack of clear and detailed provisions on the treatment of employee’s industrial injury insurance payment and tort damage compensation,the judicial theory and practice have brought many disputes.Through combing the current relevant laws and regulations,it can be found that the application of the two systems will lead to the overlapping of industrial injury compensation.This paper analyzes the problems arising from the concurrence of industrial injury compensation and tort compensation using the case of Fu and Li v.a passenger transport company,and puts forward some ideas and suggestions on how to improve the settlement measures of such cases.

Problems and Countermeasures to Improve Clinical Trial Participants’Compensation Rights in China

Objective To discuss the problems existing in the compensation of Chinese clinical trial participants and propose some suggestions for improving their rights.Methods The literature related to the participants’right to compensation at home and abroad was searched to study the inadequacy of the compensation right for clinical trial participants in China from four aspects:insurance system,principle of attribution,legal relationship and compensation regulations.Then,some suggestions to improve the participants’right to compensation were proposed.Results and Conclusion China lacks clear legal norms for participants’right to compensation.There are problems such as unclear insurance rules and compensation rules,unclear contractual relationships between parties to clinical trials,and no laws and regulations to rely on for attribution and compensation.China should issue regulatory guidelines related to the right to compensation of participants in clinical trials,so that all parties in clinical trials can have rules to follow if there is the occurrence of injury,which can better protect the rights and interests of the participants.

新型TCS智能粗煤泥分选机在选煤厂的应用

针对某选煤厂粗煤泥TBS分选系统存在的堵孔、堵料、尾渣排放不连续等问题进行升级改造,将原分选技术TBS替换为TCS。TCS分选技术首先联合泵排料策略实现最大化平稳运行;其次部署智能干扰器,高效跟踪扰动;最后加配稀释水系统进行防堵优化。在选煤厂的应用表明,采用TCS分选工艺分选精度明显提高,分选效果较佳,证实了此次改造的合理性和有效性。

The Translation of Chinese Literature under the Theory of Translation Compensation

In order to promote the exchange of Chinese culture with foreign countries,translators bear an important mission in the process of cross-cultural communication.Although there are cultural differences,we can achieve cultural dissemination and exchange through continuous cultural dialogue.As an important way for foreign scholars to understand the history of the Shang and Zhou Dynasties in China,the translation of historical texts is crucial.Multiple typical cases are selected under the guidance of the translation theory of compensation to use relevant methods or techniques from the three levels of language,culture,and aesthetics to compensate for the loss of Li Xueqin’s The Origin of Ancient Chinese Civilization in English translation proofreading.

10亿CFU/g贝莱斯芽孢杆菌TCS001悬浮剂对草莓病害的防效

为明确10亿CFU/g贝莱斯芽孢杆菌TCS001悬浮剂对草莓病害的防效,开展了10亿CFU/g贝莱斯芽孢杆菌TCS001悬浮剂对草莓炭疽病、草莓灰霉病、草莓白粉病和草莓枯萎病4种草莓主要病害的田间药效试验。结果表明:第3次药后14 d,10亿CFU/g贝莱斯芽孢杆菌TCS001悬浮剂1500、2250、3000 mL/hm2对草莓炭疽病的防效分别为80.2%、85.7和89.7%,对草莓灰霉病的防效分别为74.9%、77.6%和84.5%,对草莓白粉病防效分别为76.0%、79.2%和83.1%;10亿CFU/g贝莱斯芽孢杆菌TCS001悬浮剂500、750、1000倍液对草莓枯萎病的防效分别为67.3%、70.2%和75.5%,表现出较好的防效。作为一种新型、绿色防控生物菌剂,10亿CFU/g贝莱斯芽孢杆菌TCS001悬浮剂可在草莓定植后全生育期使用,可有效防治草莓炭疽病、草莓灰霉病、草莓白粉病、草莓枯萎病等草莓病害。

An Adaptive Slope Compensation Circuit for Peak Current Mode of Boost Switching Power Supply

Based on the analysis of the basic principle of slope compensation, a high-precision adaptive slope compensation circuit for peak current mode boost DC/DC converter is designed. The circuit dynamically detects the input and output voltage of the boost circuit to realize automatic adjustment of the compensation amount with the change of duty ratio, which makes the ramp compensation slope optimized. The design uses a high-precision subtracter to improve the accuracy of slope compensation. While eliminating sub-slope oscillation and improving the stability of boost circuit, the negative impact of compensation on boost circuit is minimized, and the load capacity and transient response speed of boost circuit are guaranteed. The circuit is designed based on SMIC 0.18um CMOS technology, with simple structure, high reliability and easy engineering implementation. Spectre circuit simulator 17.1.0.124 64b simulation results show that the circuit has high compensation accuracy and wide input and output voltage range. When the working voltage is 3.3 V, the compensation slope can be adjusted adaptively under different duty cycles, and the minimum error between the compensation slope and the theoretical optimal compensation slope is only 0.42%.

Research on color image matching method based on feature point compensation in dark light environment

Image matching refers to the process of matching two or more images obtained at different time,different sensors or different conditions through a large number of feature points in the image.At present,image matching is widely used in target recognition and tracking,indoor positioning and navigation.Local features missing,however,often occurs in color images taken in dark light,making the extracted feature points greatly reduced in number,so as to affect image matching and even fail the target recognition.An unsharp masking(USM)based denoising model is established and a local adaptive enhancement algorithm is proposed to achieve feature point compensation by strengthening local features of the dark image in order to increase amount of image information effectively.Fast library for approximate nearest neighbors(FLANN)and random sample consensus(RANSAC)are image matching algorithms.Experimental results show that the number of effective feature points obtained by the proposed algorithm from images in dark light environment is increased,and the accuracy of image matching can be improved obviously.

ZIF-8/PEO杂化泡沫对TC和Cu^(2+)吸附研究

以提高金属有机骨架ZIF-8水处理中可回收性为目标,利用聚氧化乙烯PEO作为致孔剂,采用冰模板-冷冻干燥法制备金属有机骨架杂化泡沫ZIF-8/PEO,利用XRD、SEM、TG-DSC和N2吸附-脱附等表征手段,分析ZIF-8/PEO杂化泡沫的理化性能,研究ZIF-8/PEO对四环素TC和铜离子Cu^(2+)吸附性能及吸附机理。试验结果表明:ZIF-8/PEO形成了更加规则的网状结构且具有良好的机械强度和吸附性能。在吸附时间12 h,pH 7,吸附剂投加量40 mg,TC和Cu^(2+)初始浓度均为30 mg/L的最佳条件下,ZIF-8/PEO对TC和Cu^(2+)的吸附容量为107.55 mg/g和107.81 mg/g;等温吸附过程符合Langmuir模型,动力学过程符合拟二级动力学模型,ZIF-8/PEO吸附TC,Cu^(2+)属于自发、放热、趋于有序的过程。在循环吸附7次后,ZIF-8/PEO吸附剂对TC和Cu^(2+)的去除率仍在70%以上。

等离子喷涂NiAl涂层对基体TC4板材力学性能的影响

在室温、高温下对含NiAl涂层的TC4板材进行拉伸试验,测试其不同应变速率和温度下的抗拉强度、伸长率。用金相显微镜观察涂层的显微组织。统计涂层的孔隙率和界面夹杂物面积。结果表明:涂层孔隙率为7.5%,结合界面夹杂物面积为35.2%。等离子喷涂NiAl无法提高TC4板材的室温及高温强度,因涂层的过早脱落,导致板材实际承载面积减小,基体强度降低,且NiAl涂层降低了TC4板材的伸长率,其原因是涂层破裂使基体表面产生裂纹,导致基体提前断裂,降低伸长率。