BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder(MDD)is a common and serious mental illness.Many novel genes in MDD have been characterized by high-throughput methods such as microarrays or sequencing.Recently,noncoding RNAs(ncRN...BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder(MDD)is a common and serious mental illness.Many novel genes in MDD have been characterized by high-throughput methods such as microarrays or sequencing.Recently,noncoding RNAs(ncRNAs)were suggested to be involved in the complicated environmental-genetic regulatory network of MDD occurrence;however,the interplay among RNA species,including protein-coding RNAs and ncRNAs,in MDD remains unclear.AIM To investigate the RNA expression datasets downloaded from a public database and construct a network based on differentially expressed long noncoding RNA(lncRNAs),microRNAs(miRNAs),and mRNAs between MDD and controls.METHODS Gene expression data were searched in NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus using the search term“major depressive disorder.”Six array datasets from humans were related to the search term:GSE19738,GSE32280,GSE38206,GSE52790,GSE76826,and GSE81152.These datasets were processed for initial assessment and subjected to quality control and differential expression analysis.Differentially expressed lncRNAs,miRNAs,and mRNAs were determined,Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses were performed,and protein-protein interaction network was generated.The results were analyzed for their association with MDD.RESULTS After analysis,3 miRNAs,12 lncRNAs,and 33 mRNAs were identified in the competing endogenous RNA network.Two of these miRNAs were earlier shown to be involved in psychiatric disorders,and differentially expressed mRNAs were found to be highly enriched in pathways related to neurogenesis and neuroplasticity as per Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses.The expression of hub gene fatty acid 2-hydroxylase was enriched,and the encoded protein was found to be involved in myelin formation,indicating that neurological development and signal transduction are involved in MDD pathogenesis.CONCLUSION The present study presents candidate nc RNAs involved in the neurogenesis and neuroplasticity pathways related to MDD.展开更多
目的通过分析癌症基因组图谱(the cancer genome atlas,TCGA)数据库构建三阴性乳腺癌(triple negative breast cancer,TNBC)预后相关的竞争性内源性核糖核酸(competitive endogenous RNA,ceRNA)调控网络。方法从TCGA数据库中下载TNBC ln...目的通过分析癌症基因组图谱(the cancer genome atlas,TCGA)数据库构建三阴性乳腺癌(triple negative breast cancer,TNBC)预后相关的竞争性内源性核糖核酸(competitive endogenous RNA,ceRNA)调控网络。方法从TCGA数据库中下载TNBC lncRNA表达RNAseq数据,对TNBC患者的mRNA,miRNA和lncRNA进行差异表达分析,并进一步行生存分析,得到与乳腺癌有明显差异表达同时也对生存有相关性的mRNA,miRNA和lncRNA。同时构建lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA相关ceRNA调控网,再对生存相关lncRNA所相关的mRNA进一步功能富集和注释,并构建蛋白质互作网络最终用关键基因通过人类蛋白质图谱(the human protein atlas,HPA)数据库进行验证。结果在TCGA中共找到TNBC差异表达mRNA 2331个、差异miRNA 100个和差异lncRNA 1269个。ceRNA调控网中的mRNA在细胞黏附、唾液分泌和血小板活化、用于IgA产生的肠道免疫网络、补体和凝血级联反应等信号通路中明显富集。生存分析中,1个差异mRNA(NMUR1),1个差异表达miRNA(hsa-miR-6832-3p),2个差异表达的lncRNA(AC104809,LINC01297)的表达量均与TNBC患者的预后相关,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。最后利用HPA数据库对NMUR1蛋白水平和生存分析验证,NMUR1的高表达患者的总生存期显著高于NMUR1低表达组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论成功构建了促进TNBC发生发展的lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA调控网络,筛选得到生存相关的差异mRNA,miRNA和lncRNA为TNBC发病机制的研究和诊疗生物标志物的探索提供参考依据。展开更多
AIM To investigate the role of long noncoding RNA(lnc RNA) RP4 in colorectal cancer.METHODS Lentivirus-mediated lnc RNA RP4 overexpression and knockdown were performed in the colorectal cancer cell line SW480. Cell pr...AIM To investigate the role of long noncoding RNA(lnc RNA) RP4 in colorectal cancer.METHODS Lentivirus-mediated lnc RNA RP4 overexpression and knockdown were performed in the colorectal cancer cell line SW480. Cell proliferation, tumor growth, and early apoptosis were evaluated by a cell counting kit-8 assay, an in vivo xenograft tumor model, and annexin V/propidium iodide staining, respectively. Analysis of the lnc RNA RP4 mechanism involved assessment of the association of its expression with mi R-7-5 p and the SH3 GLB1 gene. Western blot analysis was also performed to assess the effect of lnc RNA RP4 on the autophagy-mediated cell death pathway and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase(PI3 K)/Akt signaling.RESULTS Cell proliferation, tumor growth, and early apoptosis in SW480 cells were negatively regulated by lnc RNA RP4. Functional experiments indicated that lnc RNA RP4 directly upregulated SH3 GLB1 expression by acting as a competing endogenous RNA(ce RNA) for mi R-7-5 p. This interaction led to activation of the autophagy-mediated cell death pathway and de-repression of PI3 K and Akt phosphorylation in colorectal cancer cells in vivo.CONCLUSION Our results demonstrated that lnc RNA RP4 is a ce RNA that plays an important role in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer, and could be a potential therapeutic target for colorectal cancer treatment.展开更多
Recent studies have showed that RNAs regulate each other with micro RNA(mi RNA) response elements(MREs) and this mechanism is known as "competing endogenous RNA(ce RNA)" hypothesis. Long noncoding RNAs(lnc R...Recent studies have showed that RNAs regulate each other with micro RNA(mi RNA) response elements(MREs) and this mechanism is known as "competing endogenous RNA(ce RNA)" hypothesis. Long noncoding RNAs(lnc RNAs) are supposed to play important roles in cancer. Compelling evidence suggests that lnc RNAs can interact with mi RNAs and regulate the expression of mi RNAs as ce RNAs. Several lnc RNAs such as H19, HOTAIR and MEG3 have been found to be associated with mi RNAs in gastric cancer(GC), generating regulatory crosstalk across the transcriptome. These MRE sharing elements implicated in the ce RNA networks(ce RNETs) are able to regulate m RNA expression. The ce RNA regulatory networks including m RNAs, mi RNAs, lnc RNAs and circular RNAs may play critical roles in tumorigenesis, and the perturbations of ce RNETs may contribute to the pathogenesis of GC.展开更多
AIM To identify and predict the competing endogenous RNA(ce RNA) networks in colorectal cancer(CRC) by bioinformatics analysis. METHODS In the present study, we obtained CRC tissue and normal tissue gene expression pr...AIM To identify and predict the competing endogenous RNA(ce RNA) networks in colorectal cancer(CRC) by bioinformatics analysis. METHODS In the present study, we obtained CRC tissue and normal tissue gene expression profiles from The Cancer Genome Atlas project. Differentially expressed(DE) genes(DEGs) were identified. Then, upregulated and downregulated mi RNA-centered ceRNA networks were constructed by analyzing the DEGs using multiple bioinformatics approaches. DEm RNAs in the ceRNA networks were identified in Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) pathways using KEGG Orthology Based Annotation System 3.0. The interactions between proteins were analyzed using the STRING database. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was conducted for DEGs and real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR) was also performed to validate the prognosis-associated lncRNAs in CRC cell lines.RESULTS Eighty-one DElncRNAs, 20 DEmiRNAs, and 54 DEmRNAs were identified to construct the ceRNA networks of CRC. The KEGG pathway analysis indicated that nine out of top ten pathways were related with cancer and the most significant pathway was "colorectal cancer". Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the overall survival was positively associated with five DEGs(IGF2-AS, POU6 F2-AS2, hsa-miR-32, hsa-miR-141, and SERPINE1) and it was negatively related to three DEGs(LINC00488, hsamiR-375, and PHLPP2). Based on the STRING protein database, it was found that SERPINE1 and PHLPP2 interact with AKT1. Besides, SERPINE1 can interact with VEGFA, VTN, TGFB1, PLAU, PLAUR, PLG, and PLAT. PHLPP2 can interact with AKT2 and AKT3. RT-qPCR revealed that the expression of IGF2-AS, POU6 F2-AS2, and LINC00488 in CRC cell lines was consistent with the in silico results.CONCLUSION Ce RNA networks play an important role in CRC. Multiple DEGs are related with clinical prognosis, suggesting that they may be potential targets in tumor diagnosis and treatment.展开更多
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC)is one of the most prevalent tumors worldwide.Recently,long noncoding RNAs(lncRNAs)have been shown to influence tumorigenesis and tumor progression by acting as competing endogenous RN...BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC)is one of the most prevalent tumors worldwide.Recently,long noncoding RNAs(lncRNAs)have been shown to influence tumorigenesis and tumor progression by acting as competing endogenous RNAs(ceRNAs).It is difficult to extract prognostic lncRNAs and useful bioinformation from most ceRNA networks constructed previously.AIM To construct a prognostic related ceRNA regulatory network and lncRNA related signature based on risk score in CRC.METHODS RNA transcriptome profile and clinical information of 506 CRC patients were downloaded from the Cancer Genome Atlas database.R packages and Perl program were used for data processing.Cox regression analysis was used for prognostic model construction.Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the expression of lncRNAs.RESULTS A prognostic-related ceRNA network was constructed,including 9 lncRNAs,44 mRNAs,and 30 miRNAs.In addition,a four-lncRNA model was constructed using multivariate Cox regression analysis,which could be an independent prognostic model in CRC.The risk score for each patient was calculated,and the 506 patients were divided into high and low-risk groups(253 for each group)based on the median risk score.The results of the survival analysis showed that patients with a high-risk score had a poor survival rate.Furthermore,the predictive value of the four-lncRNA model was evaluated in GSE38832.Patient survival probabilities could be better predicted when combing the risk score and clinical features.Gene Set Enrichment Analysis results verified that a number of cancer-related signaling pathways were enriched with a high-risk score in CRC.Finally,we validated a novel lncRNA(LINC00488)using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in 22 paired CRC patient tumor tissues compared to adjacent non-tumor tissues.CONCLUSION The four-lncRNA model could give better predictive value for CRC patients.Our understanding of the lncRNA-related ceRNA regulatory mechanism could provide a potential diagnostic indicator for CRC patients.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China,No.2020YFC2005500。
文摘BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder(MDD)is a common and serious mental illness.Many novel genes in MDD have been characterized by high-throughput methods such as microarrays or sequencing.Recently,noncoding RNAs(ncRNAs)were suggested to be involved in the complicated environmental-genetic regulatory network of MDD occurrence;however,the interplay among RNA species,including protein-coding RNAs and ncRNAs,in MDD remains unclear.AIM To investigate the RNA expression datasets downloaded from a public database and construct a network based on differentially expressed long noncoding RNA(lncRNAs),microRNAs(miRNAs),and mRNAs between MDD and controls.METHODS Gene expression data were searched in NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus using the search term“major depressive disorder.”Six array datasets from humans were related to the search term:GSE19738,GSE32280,GSE38206,GSE52790,GSE76826,and GSE81152.These datasets were processed for initial assessment and subjected to quality control and differential expression analysis.Differentially expressed lncRNAs,miRNAs,and mRNAs were determined,Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses were performed,and protein-protein interaction network was generated.The results were analyzed for their association with MDD.RESULTS After analysis,3 miRNAs,12 lncRNAs,and 33 mRNAs were identified in the competing endogenous RNA network.Two of these miRNAs were earlier shown to be involved in psychiatric disorders,and differentially expressed mRNAs were found to be highly enriched in pathways related to neurogenesis and neuroplasticity as per Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses.The expression of hub gene fatty acid 2-hydroxylase was enriched,and the encoded protein was found to be involved in myelin formation,indicating that neurological development and signal transduction are involved in MDD pathogenesis.CONCLUSION The present study presents candidate nc RNAs involved in the neurogenesis and neuroplasticity pathways related to MDD.
文摘目的通过分析癌症基因组图谱(the cancer genome atlas,TCGA)数据库构建三阴性乳腺癌(triple negative breast cancer,TNBC)预后相关的竞争性内源性核糖核酸(competitive endogenous RNA,ceRNA)调控网络。方法从TCGA数据库中下载TNBC lncRNA表达RNAseq数据,对TNBC患者的mRNA,miRNA和lncRNA进行差异表达分析,并进一步行生存分析,得到与乳腺癌有明显差异表达同时也对生存有相关性的mRNA,miRNA和lncRNA。同时构建lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA相关ceRNA调控网,再对生存相关lncRNA所相关的mRNA进一步功能富集和注释,并构建蛋白质互作网络最终用关键基因通过人类蛋白质图谱(the human protein atlas,HPA)数据库进行验证。结果在TCGA中共找到TNBC差异表达mRNA 2331个、差异miRNA 100个和差异lncRNA 1269个。ceRNA调控网中的mRNA在细胞黏附、唾液分泌和血小板活化、用于IgA产生的肠道免疫网络、补体和凝血级联反应等信号通路中明显富集。生存分析中,1个差异mRNA(NMUR1),1个差异表达miRNA(hsa-miR-6832-3p),2个差异表达的lncRNA(AC104809,LINC01297)的表达量均与TNBC患者的预后相关,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。最后利用HPA数据库对NMUR1蛋白水平和生存分析验证,NMUR1的高表达患者的总生存期显著高于NMUR1低表达组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论成功构建了促进TNBC发生发展的lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA调控网络,筛选得到生存相关的差异mRNA,miRNA和lncRNA为TNBC发病机制的研究和诊疗生物标志物的探索提供参考依据。
文摘目的:利用多中心样本探究长非编码RNA LOC285194在宫颈癌组织中的表达水平及相关内源竞争RNA网络。方法:收集来自GEO、TCGA、ArrayExpress、SRA等数据库中与宫颈癌相关的高通量数据集,利用散点图和独立样本t检验探究各个数据集中LOC285194在宫颈癌组织与非癌宫颈组织对照中的表达差异。同时,合并计算标准化均数差(SMD)以综合评估LOC285194在宫颈癌组织中的表达水平。DIANA-LncBase v3和TargetScan Human v8.0数据库用于预测与LOC285194有靶向关系的miRNA以及相关的mRNA,ENCORI数据库用于计算miRNA与相应靶基因表达的相关性。结果:通过综合计算618例样本(CC样本399例,正常宫颈样本219例)的SMD,结果提示LOC285194在宫颈癌组织中的表达水平显著低于正常对照组织(SMD=-0.43,95%CI-0.61~-0.25,P<0.05)。结合预测以及综合计算SMD,3个与LOC285194相关的miRNA被纳入:hsa-miR-130b-5p、hsa-miR-141-5p和hsa-miR-200a-5p。同时,通过综合计算,hsa-miR-141-5p在宫颈癌组织中的高表达及其靶基因ZNF385D的低表达得到了验证。结论:LOC285194在宫颈癌组织中呈显著的低表达,其可能通过相关的内源竞争RNA机制参与宫颈癌的发生与发展,值得进一步的研究探讨。
基金Supported by Scientific Research Foundation of Anhui Education Department,No.KJ2017A219 to Liu MLScientific Research Foundation of Academic Leader of Anhui Province,No.2016H105 to Liu ML+2 种基金Education Talent Foundation of Universities of Anhui Education Department,No.gxbj ZD2016070 to Liu MLNational Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81500373 to Wang WBNatural Science Foundation of Anhui Province,No.1608085MH193 to Wang WB
文摘AIM To investigate the role of long noncoding RNA(lnc RNA) RP4 in colorectal cancer.METHODS Lentivirus-mediated lnc RNA RP4 overexpression and knockdown were performed in the colorectal cancer cell line SW480. Cell proliferation, tumor growth, and early apoptosis were evaluated by a cell counting kit-8 assay, an in vivo xenograft tumor model, and annexin V/propidium iodide staining, respectively. Analysis of the lnc RNA RP4 mechanism involved assessment of the association of its expression with mi R-7-5 p and the SH3 GLB1 gene. Western blot analysis was also performed to assess the effect of lnc RNA RP4 on the autophagy-mediated cell death pathway and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase(PI3 K)/Akt signaling.RESULTS Cell proliferation, tumor growth, and early apoptosis in SW480 cells were negatively regulated by lnc RNA RP4. Functional experiments indicated that lnc RNA RP4 directly upregulated SH3 GLB1 expression by acting as a competing endogenous RNA(ce RNA) for mi R-7-5 p. This interaction led to activation of the autophagy-mediated cell death pathway and de-repression of PI3 K and Akt phosphorylation in colorectal cancer cells in vivo.CONCLUSION Our results demonstrated that lnc RNA RP4 is a ce RNA that plays an important role in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer, and could be a potential therapeutic target for colorectal cancer treatment.
基金Supported by National Nature Science Foundation of China,No.81373097
文摘Recent studies have showed that RNAs regulate each other with micro RNA(mi RNA) response elements(MREs) and this mechanism is known as "competing endogenous RNA(ce RNA)" hypothesis. Long noncoding RNAs(lnc RNAs) are supposed to play important roles in cancer. Compelling evidence suggests that lnc RNAs can interact with mi RNAs and regulate the expression of mi RNAs as ce RNAs. Several lnc RNAs such as H19, HOTAIR and MEG3 have been found to be associated with mi RNAs in gastric cancer(GC), generating regulatory crosstalk across the transcriptome. These MRE sharing elements implicated in the ce RNA networks(ce RNETs) are able to regulate m RNA expression. The ce RNA regulatory networks including m RNAs, mi RNAs, lnc RNAs and circular RNAs may play critical roles in tumorigenesis, and the perturbations of ce RNETs may contribute to the pathogenesis of GC.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30572162Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province,No.201602817
文摘AIM To identify and predict the competing endogenous RNA(ce RNA) networks in colorectal cancer(CRC) by bioinformatics analysis. METHODS In the present study, we obtained CRC tissue and normal tissue gene expression profiles from The Cancer Genome Atlas project. Differentially expressed(DE) genes(DEGs) were identified. Then, upregulated and downregulated mi RNA-centered ceRNA networks were constructed by analyzing the DEGs using multiple bioinformatics approaches. DEm RNAs in the ceRNA networks were identified in Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) pathways using KEGG Orthology Based Annotation System 3.0. The interactions between proteins were analyzed using the STRING database. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was conducted for DEGs and real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR) was also performed to validate the prognosis-associated lncRNAs in CRC cell lines.RESULTS Eighty-one DElncRNAs, 20 DEmiRNAs, and 54 DEmRNAs were identified to construct the ceRNA networks of CRC. The KEGG pathway analysis indicated that nine out of top ten pathways were related with cancer and the most significant pathway was "colorectal cancer". Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the overall survival was positively associated with five DEGs(IGF2-AS, POU6 F2-AS2, hsa-miR-32, hsa-miR-141, and SERPINE1) and it was negatively related to three DEGs(LINC00488, hsamiR-375, and PHLPP2). Based on the STRING protein database, it was found that SERPINE1 and PHLPP2 interact with AKT1. Besides, SERPINE1 can interact with VEGFA, VTN, TGFB1, PLAU, PLAUR, PLG, and PLAT. PHLPP2 can interact with AKT2 and AKT3. RT-qPCR revealed that the expression of IGF2-AS, POU6 F2-AS2, and LINC00488 in CRC cell lines was consistent with the in silico results.CONCLUSION Ce RNA networks play an important role in CRC. Multiple DEGs are related with clinical prognosis, suggesting that they may be potential targets in tumor diagnosis and treatment.
文摘BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC)is one of the most prevalent tumors worldwide.Recently,long noncoding RNAs(lncRNAs)have been shown to influence tumorigenesis and tumor progression by acting as competing endogenous RNAs(ceRNAs).It is difficult to extract prognostic lncRNAs and useful bioinformation from most ceRNA networks constructed previously.AIM To construct a prognostic related ceRNA regulatory network and lncRNA related signature based on risk score in CRC.METHODS RNA transcriptome profile and clinical information of 506 CRC patients were downloaded from the Cancer Genome Atlas database.R packages and Perl program were used for data processing.Cox regression analysis was used for prognostic model construction.Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the expression of lncRNAs.RESULTS A prognostic-related ceRNA network was constructed,including 9 lncRNAs,44 mRNAs,and 30 miRNAs.In addition,a four-lncRNA model was constructed using multivariate Cox regression analysis,which could be an independent prognostic model in CRC.The risk score for each patient was calculated,and the 506 patients were divided into high and low-risk groups(253 for each group)based on the median risk score.The results of the survival analysis showed that patients with a high-risk score had a poor survival rate.Furthermore,the predictive value of the four-lncRNA model was evaluated in GSE38832.Patient survival probabilities could be better predicted when combing the risk score and clinical features.Gene Set Enrichment Analysis results verified that a number of cancer-related signaling pathways were enriched with a high-risk score in CRC.Finally,we validated a novel lncRNA(LINC00488)using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in 22 paired CRC patient tumor tissues compared to adjacent non-tumor tissues.CONCLUSION The four-lncRNA model could give better predictive value for CRC patients.Our understanding of the lncRNA-related ceRNA regulatory mechanism could provide a potential diagnostic indicator for CRC patients.
