The Competitive Advantages Status and PromotionPathfor Liaoning Equipment Manufacturing Enterprises

企业竞争优势依赖于其所生存的环境,金融危机爆发之后的经济下行使装备制造企业竞争优势的来源发生了根本性的改变.通过对辽宁9 家企业的问卷调查,探究了辽宁装备制造企业的竞争优势现状,厘清了竞争优势维度对财务绩效的不同作用,进一步研究了竞争优势的提升路径.研究表明：经济下行对企业竞争优势的影响较大;目前竞争优势主要来源于低成本优势和新产品研发优势,但近年来新产品研发得到了较快的发展,而成本优势正在大幅减弱;产品开发、技术资源、软件和市场份额对总资产报酬率影响较大,而成本、与用户信任程度关系、质量和Y R IN技术资源对销售利润率影响较大;产品开发、成本、服务、与用户信任程度和性能是企业需要关注的重点.

INFLUENTIAL FACTORS COMBINATION AND COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGES IN STAGES OF URBAN COMPETITIVENESS——Case Study of Suzhou in China

The urban competitive advantages rely on the combination and interaction of influential factors. As a dynamic progressive process, the city at different time has different competition influential factors combination. Because of this, the urban competitive advantages take on time-series characteristics. Stages of urban competition can be summed up into three ones, the basic factor-driven, the investment-driven and the innovation-driven. The finding of the study on the stages of urban competitive advantages in Suzhou is that in the current stage of Suzhou its competitive advantage is the investment-driven. The investment, especially FDI, plays remarkable functions for Suzhou competition with other cities.

Combined soft measurement on key indicator parameters of new competitive advantages for China’s export

The estimation of the difference between the new competitive advantages of China’s export and the world’s trading powers have been the key measurement problems in China-related studies.In this work,a comprehensive evaluation index system for new export competitive advantages is developed,a soft-sensing model for China’s new export competitive advantages based on the fuzzy entropy weight analytic hierarchy process is established,and the soft-sensing values of key indexes are derived.The obtained evaluation values of the main measurement index are used as the input variable of the fuzzy least squares support vector machine,and a soft-sensing model of the key index parameters of the new export competitive advantages of China based on the combined soft-sensing model of the fuzzy least squares support vector machine is established.The soft-sensing results of the new export competitive advantage index of China show that the soft measurement model developed herein is of high precision compared with other models,and the technical and brand competitiveness indicators of export products have more significant contributions to the new competitive advantages of China’s export,while the service competitiveness indicator of export products has the least contribution to new competitive advantages of China’s export.

Ultra Mobile Broadband Technology Overview and Competitive Advantages

To efficiently meet the increasing demands for mobile broadband, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB) is designed to complement 3G deployments. It is equipped with all the necessary features for optimal support of real-time and best-effort traffic with seamless mobility. This article overviews the UMB technology, and discusses its competitive advantages, which are fast time to market, flexible deployment options, inherently designed for real-time services and flexible IP-based network architecture. Moreover, the article analyzes key UMB design features, including Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), advanced antenna techniques, Reverse Link (RL) sector capacity optimization, adaptive interference management mechanisms, efficient RL control design, low-overhead signaling, fast seamless handoffs, multi-carrier support and beacons, enhanced terminal battery life, and flexible IP-based network architecture. UMB is well suited to be at the center of the future that melds broadband applications with faster, more capable mobile multimedia devices. UMB’s competitive advantages provide operators with continuous differentiation today and tomorrow.

Does Innovation Drive Sustainable Competitive Advantages？

This paper examines the critical role of innovations as a driver for sustainable competitive advantages. A quadruple model of global strategy is introduced. The model is based on the introduction of an innovation-based perspective of strategy. This is in addition to the other three but well-known perspectives of global strategy （industry-based, resource-based, and institution-based views）. Thus, the four perspectives of strategy could lead a complete set of factors that need to be analyzed for the formulation of global strategy. The model could assist organizations in sustaining their competitive advantages. It is proposed that the introduction of the innovation-based view represents the fourth perspective of a strategy quadruple, thus overcoming a long-standing criticism, namely, the global strategy may lack adequate attention to innovation in developing a firms＇ global competitive strategies. This paper presents a set of four hypotheses. When tested, these hypotheses could result in a better understanding of the link between the innovation and the global strategy domain. Furthermore, the quadruple model could be useful in understanding the relationship between innovativeness and business performance. It is anticipated that this paper could assist researchers, business management, and analysts in developing global innovation strategies.

Management innovation and core competitive advantages of SMEs

The paper first introduces the concept of core competence. Based on that, it proposes that small and medium enterprises （SMEs） should actively implement management innovation and describes the contents of management innovation. The conclusion is that SMEs should build the core competitive advantages through management innovation, in order to achieve better performance in the fierce market competition.

Supply Chain Management Practices, Competitive Advantages and Firm Performance： A Case of Small and Medium Enterprises （SMEs） in Vietnam

The perception of supply chain management （SCM） first appeared in 1982 and the very first papers on SCM were published in the mid 1980s （Houlihan, 1985）. However, this term is still fresh in Vietnam, especially the subject of SCM practices and their impacts on firm performance of small and medium enterprises （SMEs）. Therefore, the research was conducted to study the impact of supply chain management practices （SCMPs） on firm performance of SMEs through firm competitive advantages. Data were collected by surveying SMEs located in Ho Chi Minh City. The research findings showed that customer relationship （CR） and quality of information sharing （IQ） impact on firm performance at 0.01% significance level while the level of information sharing impacts on firm performance at 10% significance level, and strategic supplier partnership impacts on firm performance insignificantly. Moreover, we also found that customer relationship and quality of information sharing influence firm competitive advantage at 0.01% significance level, while strategic supplier partnership and the quality of information sharing impact on firm competitive advantage at 5% significance level. Competitive advantages impact significantly positively on firm performance at significance level of 0.001%. The findings imply that SMEs in Vietnam should manage customer relationship well and increase the level of information quality to improve competitive advantage in order to gain high performance.

EXTERNAL SOURCES OF URBAN COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGES IN CHINA

Urban competition refers to capacities of cities for attracting, capturing, controlling, dominating and transforming certain resources during urban development, and capacities for wealth creating, life-standard improving and sustainable development maintenance. This paper first analyzes the external sources of urban competitive advantages: the global network-based advantages and the location-based ones. Then with the aid of method of principal component analysis in SPSS 10.0 for Windows, the Chinese urban global and local competitive advantages are explored. The finding is that the global network-and location-based advantages are remarkable for the cities in the eastern China. While for those in the western and the middle regions, affected by much lower regional competitive advantages and lower degrees of urban-regional integration, the urban competitive advantages are deeply influenced and weakened.

The influences of Organizational Routines on Establishing Dynamic Competitive Advantages

As an important part in unique resources and capability of enterprises, organizational routines, on one hand, promote the success of enterprises, on the other hand, influence the future development of enterprises. Especially, organizational routines have the influences on the two factors of building up dynamic competitive advantages-strategic change and strategic flexibility and further influence the establishment of dynamic competitive advantages. This paper involves detailed analysis on the influences of organizational routines and on the approaches of establishing dynamic competitive advantages and puts forward the relevant countermeasures.

Evolution of Growth Model and Cultivation of Competitive Advantages Under the Ambidextrous Innovation Strategy: In the Case of China’s High-Tech Enterprises

This study focuses on the evolution of growth model and cultivation of competitive advantages under the ambidextrous innovation strategy.After a brief introduction of the connotation of ambidextrous innovation strategy,the evolution of growth model of high-tech enterprises under the conventional strategy and the ambidextrous innovation strategy is analyzed.Furthermore,a discussion is made on how to cultivate enterprises’competitive advantages under the ambidextrous innovation strategy,thereby enabling enterprises to stand out from competitors under this new strategic model and truly achieve the goal of sustainable development.

Research on the Relationship between Information Technology Capabilities and Sustainable Competitive Advantages of Enterprises

Information technology capabilities and the associated theory of sustainable competitive advantages of enterprises have been studied, respectively. From the resources which form the enterprise information technology capabilities, four factors that affect sustainable competitive advantages： information technology infrastructure, human resources, intangible resources and information technology resources associated have been isolated and their mechanisms have been analyzed.

Revealed comparative advantage and competitiveness of China’s agricultural products

This paper deals with the competitiveness of Chinese agricultural products, base on the index of revealed comparative advantage (RCA) using lots of data for the period of 1980 to 2003. The index is useful in identifying the demarcation between comparative advantage and comparative disadvantage. The research indicates that some agro-products in China such as edible vegetables and tea have a comparative advantage, but the RCA values have been declining over the 24-year period, which has vast impacts on future reform in China’s agricultural structure.

Competitive oxidation behavior of Ni-based superalloy GH4738 at extreme temperature

A high thrust-to-weight ratio poses challenges to the high-temperature performance of Ni-based superalloys. The oxidation behavior of GH4738 at extreme temperatures has been investigated by isothermal and non-isothermal experiments. As a result of the competitive diffusion of alloying elements, the oxide scale included an outermost porous oxide layer (OOL), an inner relatively dense oxide layer (IOL), and an internal oxide zone (IOZ), depending on the temperature and time. A high temperature led to the formation of large voids at the IOL/IOZ interface. At 1200℃, the continuity of the Cr-rich oxide layer in the IOL was destroyed, and thus, spallation occurred. Extension of oxidation time contributed to the size of Al-rich oxide particles with the increase in the IOZ. Based on this finding,the oxidation kinetics of GH4738 was discussed, and the corresponding oxidation behavior at 900-1100℃ was predicted.

Thinking on Promoting International Trade Competitive Advantage of Agricultural Products in Guangxi Based on CAFTA Framework

This paper analyzes the status quo and the existing problems of international trade development of agricultural products in Guangxi based on CAFTA framework as follows: the international trade of agricultural products in Guangxi shows a trend of rapid growth, but the structure of export products is simple; the distribution of export market is irrational; the export goods are mainly the resources-intensive goods and labor-intensive goods, with low added value of goods; the brand of agricultural products lacks strong overall international competitiveness. In the context of CAFTA framework, in order to foster the international trade competitive advantage of agricultural products in Guangxi, corresponding suggestions are put forward as follows: the structure of export market should change from the current simple status to diversified trend; the structure of export goods should gradually change from the current factor endowment to the orientation of international market demand; the agricultural production should change from the traditional agricultural products to advantageous complementary characteristic agricultural products; the trade structure should change from the land-intensive agricultural products to labor-intensive and technology-intensive agricultural products; the structure of merchandise trade should change from low-price vicious competition to high added-value competition; the governmental function should change from traditional one-way-direction-oriented function to modern integrated-service-and-supervision-oriented function that meets the requirements of export.

Competitive effect, but not competitive response, varies along a climatic gradient depending on tree species identity

Background: Understanding the role of species identity in interactions among individuals is crucial for assessing the productivity and stability of mixed forests over time. However, there is limited knowledge concerning the variation in competitive effect and response of different species along climatic gradients. In this study, we investigated the importance of climate, tree size, and competition on the growth of three tree species: spruce(Picea abies), fir(Abies alba), and beech(Fagus sylvatica), and examined their competitive response and effect along a climatic gradient.Methods: We selected 39 plots distributed across the European mountains with records of the position and growth of 5,759 individuals. For each target species, models relating tree growth to tree size, climate and competition were proposed. Competition was modelled using a neighbourhood competition index that considered the effects of inter-and intraspecific competition on target trees. Competitive responses and effects were related to climate.Likelihood methods and information theory were used to select the best model.Results: Our findings revealed that competition had a greater impact on target species growth than tree size or climate. Climate did influence the competitive effects of neighbouring species, but it did not affect the target species? response to competition. The strength of competitive effects varied along the gradient, contingent on the identity of the interacting species. When the target species exhibited an intermediate competitive effect relative to neighbouring species, both higher inter-than intraspecific competitive effects and competition reduction occurred along the gradient. Notably, species competitive effects were most pronounced when the target species' growth was at its peak and weakest when growing conditions were far from their maximum.Conclusions: Climate modulates the effects of competition from neighbouring trees on the target tree and not the susceptibility of the target tree to competition. The modelling approach should be useful in future research to expand our knowledge of how competition modulates forest communities across environmental gradients.

Transformation from Comparative Advantage to Competitive Advantage——A Way to Improve Regional Agricultural Competitiveness

Primarily this paper analyses the internal correlation between comparative advantage and competitive advantage,and holds that there are no conflict and contradiction between the two,the industries with comparative advantage often easily to have strong competitive advantage.Then this paper analyses the factors influencing regional agricultural competitiveness,including resources endowment,ecological environment,quality of labour forces,infrastructure,technology innovation and transformation capacity,industrialization degree,relevant support industries,market demand structure,government management and policy and so on.Finally,based on the analysis of conversion mechanism of regional agriculture from comparative advantage to competitive advantage,this paper puts forward the countermeasures for promoting regional agricultural competitiveness as follows:vigorously develop agricultural industrialization,and foster the leading enterprises;improve the national policy system for supporting agriculture,and increase the inputs into infrastructure and scientific research innovation;promote the development of related industries and support industries,and promote agricultural competitiveness;increase consumers' demand for the quality of agricultural products,and propel business investment and innovation.

Live-streaming selling strategies for competitive firms

The booming live-streaming commerce has significantly changed the traditional e-commerce model,thus attracting much attention from both industry and academia.In recent years,an increasing number of scholars have applied analytical models to explore live-streaming strategies for firms in different scenarios.However,the previous literature mainly considers monopolists,while in the real world,competition is not rare.To fill this gap between the literature and practical observations,this paper applies a game theoretical model to study live-streaming adoption and pricing strategy for firms under competitive environments.The results show that,for competitive firms,the equilibrium strategy depends on the relation between the commission rate and the intensity of the market expansion effect.Additionally,compared to the case in which no firm adopts live-streaming,competitive firms do not always benefit from the adoption of live-streaming selling.The paper also shows that competition plays a negative role in inducing a firm to adopt live-streaming.

Optimal Control for Age Distribution and Weighted Size Competitive Species in a Polluted Environment

In the paper,we study an optimal control for a system representing a competitive species model with fertility and mortality depending on a weighted size in a polluted environment.A fixed point theorem is applied to obtain the existence and uniqueness exhibited by a non-negative solution of above mentioned model.A maximum principle helps to carefully verify the existence of the optimal control policy,and tangent-normal cone techniques help to obtain the optimal condition specific to control issue.

CRB:A new rumor blocking algorithm in online social networks based on competitive spreading model and influence maximization

The virtuality and openness of online social platforms make networks a hotbed for the rapid propagation of various rumors.In order to block the outbreak of rumor,one of the most effective containment measures is spreading positive information to counterbalance the diffusion of rumor.The spreading mechanism of rumors and effective suppression strategies are significant and challenging research issues.Firstly,in order to simulate the dissemination of multiple types of information,we propose a competitive linear threshold model with state transition(CLTST)to describe the spreading process of rumor and anti-rumor in the same network.Subsequently,we put forward a community-based rumor blocking(CRB)algorithm based on influence maximization theory in social networks.Its crucial step is to identify a set of influential seeds that propagate anti-rumor information to other nodes,which includes community detection,selection of candidate anti-rumor seeds and generation of anti-rumor seed set.Under the CLTST model,the CRB algorithm has been compared with six state-of-the-art algorithms on nine online social networks to verify the performance.Experimental results show that the proposed model can better reflect the process of rumor propagation,and review the propagation mechanism of rumor and anti-rumor in online social networks.Moreover,the proposed CRB algorithm has better performance in weakening the rumor dissemination ability,which can select anti-rumor seeds in networks more accurately and achieve better performance in influence spread,sensitivity analysis,seeds distribution and running time.

Construction of CDKN2A-related competitive endogenous RNA network and identification of GAS5 as a prognostic indicator for hepatocellular carcinoma

BACKGROUND Competitive endogenous RNA(ceRNA)is an innovative way of gene expression modulation,which plays a crucial part in neoplasia.However,the intricacy and behavioral characteristics of the ceRNA network in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)remain dismal.AIM To establish a cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2A(CDKN2A)-related ceRNA network and recognize potential prognostic indicators for HCC.METHODS The mutation landscape of CDKN2A in HCC was first explored using the cBioPortal database.Differential expression analysis was implemented between CDKN2Ahigh and CDKN2Alow expression HCC samples.The targeted microRNAs were predicted by lncBasev3.0,and the targeted mRNAs were predicted by miRDB,and Targetscan database.The univariate and multivariate analysis were utilized to identify independent prognostic indicators.RESULTS CDKN2A was frequently mutated and deleted in HCC.The single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis revealed that CDKN2A participated in cell cycle pathways.The CDKN2A-related ceRNA network-growth arrest specific 5(GAS5)/miR-25-3p/SRY-box transcription factor 11(SOX11)was successfully established.GAS5 was recognized as an independent prognostic biomarker,whose overexpression was correlated with a poor prognosis in HCC patients.The association between GAS5 expression and methylation,immune infilt-ration was explored.Besides,traditional Chinese medicine effective components targeting GAS5 were obtained.CONCLUSION This CDKN2A-related ceRNA network provides innovative insights into the molecular mechanism of HCC formation and progression.Moreover,GAS5 might be a significant prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in HCC.