A novel noise reduction technique for underwater acoustic signals based on complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise,minimum mean square variance criterion and least mean square adaptive filter

Underwater acoustic signal processing is one of the research hotspots in underwater acoustics.Noise reduction of underwater acoustic signals is the key to underwater acoustic signal processing.Owing to the complexity of marine environment and the particularity of underwater acoustic channel,noise reduction of underwater acoustic signals has always been a difficult challenge in the field of underwater acoustic signal processing.In order to solve the dilemma,we proposed a novel noise reduction technique for underwater acoustic signals based on complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise(CEEMDAN),minimum mean square variance criterion(MMSVC) and least mean square adaptive filter(LMSAF).This noise reduction technique,named CEEMDAN-MMSVC-LMSAF,has three main advantages:(i) as an improved algorithm of empirical mode decomposition(EMD) and ensemble EMD(EEMD),CEEMDAN can better suppress mode mixing,and can avoid selecting the number of decomposition in variational mode decomposition(VMD);(ii) MMSVC can identify noisy intrinsic mode function(IMF),and can avoid selecting thresholds of different permutation entropies;(iii) for noise reduction of noisy IMFs,LMSAF overcomes the selection of deco mposition number and basis function for wavelet noise reduction.Firstly,CEEMDAN decomposes the original signal into IMFs,which can be divided into noisy IMFs and real IMFs.Then,MMSVC and LMSAF are used to detect identify noisy IMFs and remove noise components from noisy IMFs.Finally,both denoised noisy IMFs and real IMFs are reconstructed and the final denoised signal is obtained.Compared with other noise reduction techniques,the validity of CEEMDAN-MMSVC-LMSAF can be proved by the analysis of simulation signals and real underwater acoustic signals,which has the better noise reduction effect and has practical application value.CEEMDAN-MMSVC-LMSAF also provides a reliable basis for the detection,feature extraction,classification and recognition of underwater acoustic signals.

Study on the Improvement of the Application of Complete Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition with Adaptive Noise in Hydrology Based on RBFNN Data Extension Technology

The complex nonlinear and non-stationary features exhibited in hydrologic sequences make hydrological analysis and forecasting difficult.Currently,some hydrologists employ the complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise(CEEMDAN)method,a new time-frequency analysis method based on the empirical mode decomposition(EMD)algorithm,to decompose non-stationary raw data in order to obtain relatively stationary components for further study.However,the endpoint effect in CEEMDAN is often neglected,which can lead to decomposition errors that reduce the accuracy of the research results.In this study,we processed an original runoff sequence using the radial basis function neural network(RBFNN)technique to obtain the extension sequence before utilizing CEEMDAN decomposition.Then,we compared the decomposition results of the original sequence,RBFNN extension sequence,and standard sequence to investigate the influence of the endpoint effect and RBFNN extension on the CEEMDAN method.The results indicated that the RBFNN extension technique effectively reduced the error of medium and low frequency components caused by the endpoint effect.At both ends of the components,the extension sequence more accurately reflected the true fluctuation characteristics and variation trends.These advances are of great significance to the subsequent study of hydrology.Therefore,the CEEMDAN method,combined with an appropriate extension of the original runoff series,can more precisely determine multi-time scale characteristics,and provide a credible basis for the analysis of hydrologic time series and hydrological forecasting.

Effective forecast of Northeast Pacific sea surface temperature based on a complementary ensemble empirical mode decomposition–support vector machine method

The sea surface temperature （SST） has substantial impacts on the climate; however, due to its highly nonlinear nature, evidently non-periodic and strongly stochastic properties, it is rather difficult to predict SST. Here, the authors combine the complementary ensemble empirical mode decomposition （CEEMD） and support vector machine （SVM） methods to predict SST. Extensive tests from several different aspects are presented to validate the effectiveness of the CEEMD-SVM method. The results suggest that the new method works well in forecasting Northeast Pacific SST at a 12-month lead time, with an average absolute error of approximately 0.3℃ and a correlation coefficient of 0.85. Moreover, no spring predictability barrier is observed in our experiments.

A hybrid approach based on complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise for multi-step-ahead solar radiation forecasting

Accurate measurements of solar radiation are required to ensure that power and energy systems continue to function effectively and securely.On the other hand,estimating it is extremely challenging due to the non-stationary behaviour and randomness of its components.In this research,a novel hybrid forecasting model,namely complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise-Gaussian process regression(CEEMDAN-GPR),has been developed for daily global solar radiation prediction.The non-stationary global solar radiation series is transformed by CEEMDAN into regular subsets.After that,the GPR model uses these subsets as inputs to perform its prediction.According to the results of this research,the performance of the developed hybrid model is superior to two widely used hybrid models for solar radiation forecasting,namely wavelet-GPR and wavelet packet-GPR,in terms of mean square error,root mean square error,coefficient of determination and relative root mean square error values,which reached 3.23 MJ/m^(2)/day,1.80 MJ/m^(2)/day,95.56%,and 8.80%,respectively(for one-step forward forecasting).The proposed hybrid model can be used to ensure the safe and reliable operation of the electricity system.

Missing interpolation model for wind power data based on the improved CEEMDAN method and generative adversarial interpolation network

Randomness and fluctuations in wind power output may cause changes in important parameters(e.g.,grid frequency and voltage),which in turn affect the stable operation of a power system.However,owing to external factors(such as weather),there are often various anomalies in wind power data,such as missing numerical values and unreasonable data.This significantly affects the accuracy of wind power generation predictions and operational decisions.Therefore,developing and applying reliable wind power interpolation methods is important for promoting the sustainable development of the wind power industry.In this study,the causes of abnormal data in wind power generation were first analyzed from a practical perspective.Second,an improved complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise(ICEEMDAN)method with a generative adversarial interpolation network(GAIN)network was proposed to preprocess wind power generation and interpolate missing wind power generation sub-components.Finally,a complete wind power generation time series was reconstructed.Compared to traditional methods,the proposed ICEEMDAN-GAIN combination interpolation model has a higher interpolation accuracy and can effectively reduce the error impact caused by wind power generation sequence fluctuations.

Prediction of seawater pH by bidirectional gated recurrent neural network with attention under phase space reconstruction:case study of the coastal waters of Beihai,China

Marine life is very sensitive to changes in pH.Even slight changes can cause ecosystems to collapse.Therefore,understanding the future pH of seawater is of great significance for the protection of the marine environment.At present,the monitoring method of seawater pH has been matured.However,how to accurately predict future changes has been lacking effective solutions.Based on this,the model of bidirectional gated recurrent neural network with multi-headed self-attention based on improved complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise combined with phase space reconstruction(ICPBGA)is proposed to achieve seawater pH prediction.To verify the validity of this model,pH data of two monitoring sites in the coastal sea area of Beihai,China are selected to verify the effect.At the same time,the ICPBGA model is compared with other excellent models for predicting chaotic time series,and root mean square error(RMSE),mean absolute error(MAE),mean absolute percentage error(MAPE),and coefficient of determination(R2)are used as performance evaluation indicators.The R2 of the ICPBGA model at Sites 1 and 2 are above 0.9,and the prediction errors are also the smallest.The results show that the ICPBGA model has a wide range of applicability and the most satisfactory prediction effect.The prediction method in this paper can be further expanded and used to predict other marine environmental indicators.

白条猪价格预测模型构建

【目的】增强农产品价格预测准确度,为农产品价格的有效预测提供参考。【方法】以河南省白条猪每周平均批发价格为研究对象,提出一种基于序列分解、主成分分析和神经网络(CEEMDAN-PCA-CNN-LSTM)的白条猪价格预测方法。首先,使用自适应白噪声完全集合模态分解方法(CEEMDAN)对白条猪价格序列进行分解;其次,选用皮尔逊相关系数筛选影响价格波动的相关因素;再次,利用主成分分析(PCA)对影响因素及分解得到的子序列降维处理并作为原始价格序列的特征值,并行输入到作为编码器的卷积神经网络(CNN)中进行特征提取;最后,引入长短期记忆网络(LSTM)作为解码器输出得到预测结果。将该方法应用于河南省白条猪每周平均价格数据,与LSTM、门控循环单元(GRU)、CNN、基于卷积的长短期记忆网络(ConvLSTM)模型进行比较。【结果】CEEMDAN-PCA-CNN-LSTM组合模型预测方法得到的平均绝对误差分别降低了44.95%、27.30%、28.13%、43.17%。【结论】CEEMDAN-PCA-CNN-LSTM模型对于河南省白条猪市场价格的预测性能更优,有助于相关部门针对河南省白条猪价格波动做出科学决策。

混合策略在水泥窑炉煅烧NO_(x)浓度预测中的应用

NO_(x)体积分数是反映水泥窑炉煅烧过程中氮排放的一个关键环保指标。水泥煅烧过程具有大噪声、大时滞和非线性等复杂特性。为了解决以上难点,提出基于互补集合经验模态分解(Complemementary Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition,CEEMD)、熵原理的互信息(Mutual Information,MI)、最大相关最小冗余算法(Max-Relevance and Min-Redundancy,mRMR)和天牛须搜索算法(Beetle Antennae Search,BAS)优化神经网络(Back Propagation Neural Network,BPNN)的混合策略,并用于NO_(x)体积分数预测。首先,CEEMD和中值平均滤波用于处理大噪声。同时,利用熵原理的MI和mRMR进行时滞分析和变量选择,解决大时滞问题。其次,利用BAS提高多层前馈(Back Propagation,BP)神经网络的预测能力,并解决非线性工况问题。最后,将该策略进行工业应用。结果显示,在25900个工业测试样本中,两组的均方根误差(Root Mean Squared Error,RMSE)和平均绝对误差(Mean Absolute Error,MAE)分别仅为0.3024、0.2059和0.2153、0.2013。预测模型结果可指导水泥脱硝操作人员精准喷氨,减少NO_(x)排放并降低氨水用量和氨逃逸情况。

基于CEEMD-SE的CNN&LSTM-GRU短期风电功率预测

为进一步提升短期风电功率的预测精度,提出了一种基于互补集合经验模态分解-样本熵(complementary ensemble empirical mode decomposition-sample entropy,CEEMD-SE)的卷积神经网络(convolutional neural network,CNN)和长短期记忆-门控循环单元(longshorttermmemory-gatedrecurrentunit,LSTM-GRU)的短期风电功率预测模型。首先,利用互补集合经验模态分解将原始风电功率序列分解为若干本征模态函数(intrinsic mode function,IMF)分量和一个残差(residual,RES)分量,利用样本熵算法将相近的分量进行重构;其次,搭建卷积神经网络和长短期记忆网络的并行网络结构,提取数据的局部特征和时序特征,并将特征融合后输入门控循环单元网络中进行学习预测;最后,通过算例进行验证,结果表明采用该模型后预测精度得到了有效提升,其均方根误差降低了15.06%、平均绝对误差降低了15.22%、决定系数提高了1.91%。

基于CEEMD和统计参数的斜拉桥损伤识别方法研究

为解决仅使用互补集成经验模态分解(complementary ensemble empirical mode decomposition,CEEMD)方法的斜拉桥信号分解存在含噪固有模态函数(intrinsic mode function,IMF)分量且不能进行损伤定量的问题,提出了一种基于CEEMD与统计参数方法相结合的斜拉桥损伤识别方法。该方法基于CEEMD方法对斜拉桥动力响应信号进行自适应性分解,确定适用的白噪声幅值标准差并推导CEEMD方法的集成次数,得到各阶IMF分量;采用欧氏距离对分解的IMF分量进行谱系聚类分析以避免模态混叠现象;采用峰度统计参数的有效权重峰度指标方法滤除含噪IMF分量,提取有效IMF分量并重构为有效IMF分量和;利用变异系数统计参数、二阶中心差分法和泰勒展开式推导损伤定位指标,根据四阶统计矩峰度统计参数推导损伤定量指标。用所提方法对某斜拉桥进行损伤识别研究,结果表明:仿真分析的损伤定位识别精度为100%,损伤定量最大误差为1.80%;在高斯白噪声干扰下,损伤定位不受影响,损伤定量最大误差为1.88%;进行实桥的损伤识别,结果表明实桥主梁无损伤。

一种灰色关联分析优化ICEEMDAN的VP倾斜仪信号降噪模型

VP倾斜仪固体潮信号受仪器监测复杂环境限制,多含有大量环境噪声。为获得真实固体潮曲线,提出一种基于灰色关联分析优化改进的自适应噪声完备集合经验模态分解(ICEEMDAN)VP倾斜仪信号降噪模型(GRA-ICEEMDAN)。该方法首先将含噪信号进行ICCEMDAN处理,得到若干个固有模态函数(IMF),并依次排列与标记;然后基于这些IMF分别计算相关系数、互信息、R^(2)、Adj-R^(2)、MSE、SSE、RMSE、MAE、MAPE、样本熵等10个评价指标值,构建IMF可信度评价指标矩阵;最后借助灰色关联分析(GRA)计算各评价指标与不同IMF之间的关联系数和关联度,依据关联度大小对各个IMF进行排序,将排名靠前的IMF进行线性重构,即可完成信号降噪。仿真去噪实验和实测去噪实验均表明,GRA-ICEEMDAN模型优于卡尔曼滤波、70阶低通FIR滤波、Savitzky-Golay等经典降噪模型,能显著区分噪声成分和有效成分,原始信号分解后的重构误差与信号损失极小,可推广至其他仪器的复杂信号降噪中。

基于注意力时间卷积网络的农产品期货分解集成预测

针对农产品期货时间序列数据受多方面因素影响,非线性、非平稳数据特征难以提取而导致预测准确性不高的问题,基于“分解-集成”的预测思想,本文提出一种基于自适应噪声完备经验模态分解(CEEMDAN)与Transformer-Encoder-TCN的农产品期货预测方法.首先,使用CEEMDAN将时间序列分解为多尺度多频率的本征模态分量(IMF)与残差,降低了序列建模复杂度;其次,使用融合多阶段自注意力单元Transformer-Encoder的时间卷积网络(TCN)对各个分量子序列进行特征提取与预测,优化了序列显著特征建模权重;最后,将各个子序列预测值线性相加集成得到最终预测结果.以南华期货公司农产品指数中的大豆期货指数为研究对象,采用时序交叉验证与参数迁移的方式进行模型重训练,消融和对比实验结果表明,提出的新模型在RMSE、MAE和DS三个评价指标上具有良好的效果,验证了该模型对农产品期货预测的有效性.

CEEMD-FastICA-CWT联合瞬态响应阶次的电驱总成噪声源识别

以某增程式电驱动总成为研究对象,提出基于联合算法的噪声分离识别模型。首先,采用互补集合经验模态分解(complementary ensemble empirical mode decomposition,CEEMD)联合快速独立分量分析(fast independent component analysis,FastICA)方法提取纯电模式稳态工况下单一通道噪声信号特征,利用复Morlet小波变换及FFT对各分量信号时频特性进行识别。其次,采用阶次分析法和声能叠加法对稳态分量信号对应的各瞬态响应阶次能量进行对比分析,并结合皮尔逊积矩相关系数(Pearson product moment correlation coefficient,PPMCC)相似性识别确定不同噪声激励源贡献度。结果表明:减速齿副啮合噪声对该增程式电驱总成纯电模式运行噪声整体贡献度最大。

基于特征判定系数的电力变压器振动信号故障诊断

变压器带电故障诊断对于保证电力变压器安全平稳运行具有重要的意义。针对变压器工作环境复杂且单一参数表征变压器故障类型不全面的问题,文中提出一种基于自适应噪声完备集合经验模态分解(complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise,CEEMDAN)和特征熵权法(entropy weight method,EWM)进行故障诊断的方法。通过相关系数与峭度加权(correlation coefficient and weighted kurtosis,CCWK)原则筛选CEEMDAN分量并重构信号,在实现剔除冗余分量的同时,提升变压器振动信号特征的表征能力;利用EWM构建特征判定系数实现单一数据诊断变压器故障类型;通过主成分分析法减小混合域特征尺度,采用鸡群优化算法优化支持向量机(support vector machine,SVM)模型进行故障诊断。对某变电站110 kV三相油浸式变压器进行分析,结果表明与概率神经网络和SVM等变压器故障诊断方法相比,文中方法能在提前定性故障类型的同时,进一步提高变压器故障诊断的准确率与效率。

基于密度聚类模态分解的卷积神经网络和长短期记忆网络短期风电功率预测

近年来,随着碳达峰和碳中和“双碳”战略目标的提出,风力发电已成为可再生能源发电的关键部分。为提高风电功率短期预测的准确度,提出基于密度聚类与自适应噪声完备集成经验模态分解(complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise,CEEMDAN)和卷积神经网络与长短期记忆网络结合的短期风电功率预测方法。首先,利用密度聚类将风电功率与天气特征分成不同类别的数据集,通过自适应噪声完备集成经验模态分解算法将不同类别的数据进行频域分解得到子序列分量。以此为基础,将不同的子序列分量与天气特征进行特征选择,输入到卷积神经网络与长短期记忆网络的预测模型。最后,将不同的预测结果进行叠加得到最终的预测结果。整个预测过程通过聚类、分解和特征选择,有效提高了短期风电功率预测的准确度。

基于状态划分和集成学习的轴承剩余使用寿命预测模型

针对滚动轴承剩余使用寿命(RUL)预测退化起始时间(DST)难以确定,以及单一寿命预测模型精度比较低的问题,提出了一种基于状态划分和集成学习模型的滚动轴承RUL预测方法。首先,提取了轴承振动信号的特征,利用滑动窗口不断更新3σ准则预警范围,结合连续触发机制自适应确定DST;然后,采用具有自适应噪声的完全集成经验模态分解(CEEMDAN)对退化阶段信号序列进行了自适应分解;最后,构建了集成学习模型,考虑分量的不同特性进行了多步滚动预测,融合预测结果得到了轴承RUL,采用滚动轴承XJTU-SY公开数据集进行了试验验证。研究结果表明:与基于长短时记忆神经网络(LSTM)、反向传播神经网络(BPNN)的预测方法相比,该方法预测结果的平均绝对误差分别降低了11.7%以及5.6%,相对均方根误差分别降低了12.2%以及10.7%,验证了该方法在轴承RUL预测中的有效性和优越性。

CEEMDAN-WPE-CLSA超短期风电功率预测方法研究

提出了一种结合自适应噪声完全集合经验模态分解、加权排列熵、卷积神经网络、长短期记忆网络和自注意力机制的超短期风电功率预测方法。首先,利用自适应噪声完全集合经验模态分解将原始风电功率时间序列自适应分解为一系列的模态分量,降低原始序列的非线性和波动性;其次,根据加权排列熵计算各模态分量间的相似性并对相似的分量进行重组,以修正自适应噪声完全集合经验模态分解的过度分解问题,使得修正后的模态分量更具规律性;最后,将重组后的分量输入卷积长短期记忆网络进行时序建模,并利用自注意力机制对卷积长短期记忆网络的神经元权重进行重新分配,提高了卷积长短期记忆网络对输入特征不确定性的适应能力。在此基础上,明确了自注意力机制和自适应噪声完全集合经验模态分解、加权排列熵在风电功率预测中的作用机制,以及风电功率信号包含的重要物理信息,证明了自适应噪声完全集合经验模态分解、加权排列熵以及自注意力机制在风电功率信号模态分解和长短期记忆网络隐层输出权重分配中的有效性。

CEEMDAN和盲源分离在轴承复合故障诊断中的应用

滚动轴承的复合故障信号中往往含有多个特征信息及背景噪声,为更高效实现故障信息的提取,提出一种基于具有自适应白噪声的完备集成经验模态分解(CEEMDAN)和盲源分离的滚动轴承复合故障特征提取方法。对实验所获取的故障数据进行CEEMDAN分解,得出一组固有模态函数(IMF),利用加权峭度因子选取其中有效IMF重构信号,再将重构的信号进行BSS分离。对分离出的信号做解调包络分析,从其解调谱中提取故障信号的特征频率。结果证明了此方法可以有效地分离轴承的内外圈故障,使故障特征更易被提取。

考虑延误特征的航站楼离港聚集客流预测方法

为满足航班延误下航站楼内资源规划与旅客管理对聚集客流预测所提出的高精度和高效率要求,本文提出一种融合延误特征的离港聚集客流预测方法。通过引入航班延误特征量化表征航站楼离港聚集客流的波动情况,探究航班延误下离港聚集客流波动规律和分布特征,构建基于自适应噪声完全集合经验模态分解(CEEMDAN)、排列熵算法(PE)以及鲸鱼优化算法(WOA)优化的长短期记忆神经网络(LSTM)的短期航站楼聚集客流预测模型。首先,应用CEEMDAN将聚集客流数据序列分解为若干模态分量(Intrinsic Mode Function, IMF)和残差量(Residual, Res),降低原序列中数据的复杂性和非平稳性影响;其次,为减小模型计算规模,同时提高预测效率和精度,采用PE算法对IMF分量进行熵值重构;最后,建立WOA-LSTM聚集客流预测模型,利用鲸鱼优化算法优化LSTM超参数,叠加重构分量的预测结果,得到最终的聚集客流预测值。将模型应用于长三角某枢纽机场进行实例验证。结果表明:CEEMDAN-PE-WOA-LSTM预测模型性能最优,相较单一的LSTM模型,候机大厅聚集客流预测的均方根误差、平均绝对误差以及百分比误差分别降低42.78%、44.00%及45.62%;相较CEEMDAN-WOA-LSTM模型,预测效率提高41.64%。本文所提模型能够有效拟合存在显著非线性和非平稳性特征的候机大厅聚集客流,具有较高的预测精度和运算效率。

基于CEEMDAN-SBiGRU-OMHA的短期电力负荷预测

为了提高短期电力负荷预测的精准度,充分挖掘电力负荷数据的复杂相关性,提出了一种优化多头注意力机制的CEEMDAN-SBiGRU组合预测模型,改进了特征提取和特征融合两个模块.首先,采用自适应噪声完全集成经验模态分解(complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise,CEEMDAN)将电力负荷数据分解成多个内在模态函数(IMF)和一个残差信号(RES);同时引入降噪自编码器DAE挖掘数据中受气象因素、工作日类型和温度变化的潜在特征.其次,将提取到的复杂特征输入至堆叠双向门控循环单元(stacked bidirectional gated recurrent unit,SBiGRU)模块中继续学习,以获取隐藏状态.最后,将获取的隐藏状态输入至加入残差机制和层归一化优化的多头注意力(optimized multi-head attention,OMHA)机制模块,可以准确地给重要特征分配更高的权重,解决噪声干扰问题.实验结果表明,CEEMDAN-SBiGRU-OMHA组合模型具有更高的精确性.