Objective:Taking the Dictionary of Prescriptions as a clue,we collected effective prescriptions for treating Stroke,and systematically summarized the medication and compatibility rules of the core Chinese medicines fo...Objective:Taking the Dictionary of Prescriptions as a clue,we collected effective prescriptions for treating Stroke,and systematically summarized the medication and compatibility rules of the core Chinese medicines for treating Stroke.Methods:A database of prescriptions for stroke based on complex relationship analysis system of traditional Chinese medicine was established.From the point of view of complex network,the hierarchy of drug compatibility rules of compound prescriptions(such as courtiers and envoys)was analyzed,the statistical characteristics of complex networks were analyzed,and an attempt was made to explain the characteristics of complex networks of drugs for stroke.Results:A total of 974 prescriptions were collected,including 1040 Chinese herbs.The core Chinese herbal medicines with nodal degree(>500)for Stroke were divaricate saposhnikovia root,liquorice root,Chinese angelica,tall gastrodia tuber,incised notopterygium rhizome and root.The compatibility relationship of the core Chinese medicines in the treatment of stroke is divaricate saposhnikovia root-liquorice root,ephedra-divaricate saposhnikovia root,divaricate saposhnikovia root-sichuan lovage rhizome,divaricate saposhnikovia root-Chinese angelica in order of frequency.Conclusion:Through the analysis of the common network structure of effective prescriptions for Stroke,the core prescription compatibility structure reflecting the prescription thinking and clinical characteristics was found.展开更多
Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) is a distinct medical system that deals with the life-health-disease-environment relationship using holistic, dynamic, and dialectical thinking. However, reductionism has often restri...Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) is a distinct medical system that deals with the life-health-disease-environment relationship using holistic, dynamic, and dialectical thinking. However, reductionism has often restricted the conventional studies on TCM, and these studies did not investigate the central concepts of TCM theory about the multiple relationships among life, health, disease, and environment. Complex network analysis describes a wide variety of complex systems in the real world, and it has the potential to bridge the gap between TCM and modern science owing to the holism of TCM theory. This article summarizes the current research involving TCM network analysis and highlights the computational tools and analysis methods involved in this research. Finally, to inspire a new approach, the article discussed the potential problems underlying the application of TCM network analysis.展开更多
Traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） holds a holistic theory, and specializes in balancing disordered human body using numerous natural products, particularly Chinese herbal formulae. TCM has certain treatment advantag...Traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） holds a holistic theory, and specializes in balancing disordered human body using numerous natural products, particularly Chinese herbal formulae. TCM has certain treatment advantages for patients suffering from various complex diseases. However, due to the complex nature of TCM, it remains difficult to unveil such holistic medicine by the current reductionism research strategies, which treat both herbal ingredients and targets in isolation. Recently, an emerging network pharmacology approach has been introduced to tackle this bottleneck problem. A TCM-derived novel therapeutic concept, ＂network target＂, which is different from the Western medicine＇s ＂onetarget＂ concept, has been proposed from China. The network target strategy is able to illustrate the complex interactions among the biological systems, drugs, and complex diseases from a network perspective, and thus provides an innovative approach to access ancient remedies in a precision manner and at a systematic level, which also highlights TCM＇s potential in current medical systems.展开更多
Objective：To explore the complex prescription compatibility law of the cold and hot nature of Mahuang Decoction（麻黄汤,MHD） and Maxing Shigan Decoction（麻杏石甘汤,MXSGD）,both categorized formulas but with differe...Objective：To explore the complex prescription compatibility law of the cold and hot nature of Mahuang Decoction（麻黄汤,MHD） and Maxing Shigan Decoction（麻杏石甘汤,MXSGD）,both categorized formulas but with different hot/cold natures.Methods：Oxygen consumption of mice was determined among three groups：MHD,MXSGD and the control;a cold-hot pad differentiating assay was used to observe the variability of temperature tropism among the groups of mice which was treated with MHD,MXSGD,and their compositions. Meanwhile,the total anti-oxidant capability（T-AOC） activity were detected.Results：After administration of MHD, the mice showed increased oxygen consumption（P0.01）.Compared with MHD group,the remaining rate of MXSGD mice on the hot pad was found to be significantly increased with the cold-hot pad differentiating assay （P0.05）.There was no significant difference（P0.05） among the remaining rates of MXSGD,MXSGD with high dose Gypsum Fibrosum（MXHGF） group,and MXSGD with low dose Gypsum Fibrosum（MXLGF） group mice.Compared with the MHD group,T-AOC activity of the mice in the Consensus Compositons group was significantly decreased（P=0.0494）.Compared with the MXSGD group,T-AOC activity of Gypsum Fibrosum （GF） group was increased significantly（P=0.0013）.Conclusions：The differences in cold and hot nature could be represented objectively between MHD with a hot nature and MXSGD with a cold nature.The reason may be the Gypsum Fibrosum which decreased the efficacy of the consensus compositions.However,increasing or decreasing the dose of Gypsum Fibrosum will not change the cold and hot nature of MXSGD.展开更多
Objective： To explore the pathological mechanisms of Guizhi Decoction （桂枝汤） syndrome and the therapeutic molecular mechanisms of the Guizhi Decoction, Mahuang Decoction （麻黄汤）, Sangju Decoction （桑菊饮） an...Objective： To explore the pathological mechanisms of Guizhi Decoction （桂枝汤） syndrome and the therapeutic molecular mechanisms of the Guizhi Decoction, Mahuang Decoction （麻黄汤）, Sangju Decoction （桑菊饮） and Yinqiao Powder （银翘散）, as well as the potentially biological basis that Guizhi Decoction is most effective only for the patients with Guizhi Decoction syndrome in clinical practice. Methods： We first got serum samples from the patients suffering from both upper respiratory tract infection and Guizhi Decoction syndrome identified by the doctors of Chinese medicine （CM） in the clinic. Four formulas with therapeutic actions of pungent warmth or pungent coolness for superficial syndromes were chosen and four kinds of rat serum samples each containing one of the above-mentioned herbal formulas were collected, then the effects of Guizhi Decoction syndromes＇ patient serum as well as the effects of sera containing the formulas after being stimulated by the patient serum samples on both the mRNA expression of certain toll-like receptor （TLR） subtypes and the release of some inflammatory cytokines in RAW264.7 cells were tested and analyzed in vitro. Results： The expression of TLR-3, TLR-4 and TLR-9 mRNA among the 9 tested TLR subforms were up-regulated in the macrophages stimulated by the sera from untreated upper respiratory infection patients with the Guizhi Decoction syndrome （symptom- complex）. The products such as interleukin （IL）-113, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor （TNF）- α and interferon （IFN）- from stimulated macrophages through TLR signaling pathways were also increased correspondingly. Interestingly, the changes induced by the Guizhi Decoction syndrome patients＇ sera were masked significantly after the macrophages were incubated with the sera from donors treated with Guizhi Decoction. Similarly, the three other exterior-releasing formulas were all effective in reversing the up-regulated changes of certain TLR subforms to different degrees, but both the number of targeted TLRs and efficacy of them seemed to be inferior to that of Guizhi Decoction. Conclusion： Evidence from these experiments might contribute to the scientific explanation of both the pharmacological mechanisms of Guizhi Decoction and also the CM theory that Guizhi Decoction is specifically prescribed for the treatment of Guizhi Decoction syndrome （The aearina formula to the svmptom-comolex）.展开更多
文摘Objective:Taking the Dictionary of Prescriptions as a clue,we collected effective prescriptions for treating Stroke,and systematically summarized the medication and compatibility rules of the core Chinese medicines for treating Stroke.Methods:A database of prescriptions for stroke based on complex relationship analysis system of traditional Chinese medicine was established.From the point of view of complex network,the hierarchy of drug compatibility rules of compound prescriptions(such as courtiers and envoys)was analyzed,the statistical characteristics of complex networks were analyzed,and an attempt was made to explain the characteristics of complex networks of drugs for stroke.Results:A total of 974 prescriptions were collected,including 1040 Chinese herbs.The core Chinese herbal medicines with nodal degree(>500)for Stroke were divaricate saposhnikovia root,liquorice root,Chinese angelica,tall gastrodia tuber,incised notopterygium rhizome and root.The compatibility relationship of the core Chinese medicines in the treatment of stroke is divaricate saposhnikovia root-liquorice root,ephedra-divaricate saposhnikovia root,divaricate saposhnikovia root-sichuan lovage rhizome,divaricate saposhnikovia root-Chinese angelica in order of frequency.Conclusion:Through the analysis of the common network structure of effective prescriptions for Stroke,the core prescription compatibility structure reflecting the prescription thinking and clinical characteristics was found.
基金FDCT013/2015/A1 by the Science and Technology Development Fund of Macao SARMYRG2015-00172-ICMS-QRCM and MYRG2016-00144ICMS-QRCM by the University of Macao
文摘Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) is a distinct medical system that deals with the life-health-disease-environment relationship using holistic, dynamic, and dialectical thinking. However, reductionism has often restricted the conventional studies on TCM, and these studies did not investigate the central concepts of TCM theory about the multiple relationships among life, health, disease, and environment. Complex network analysis describes a wide variety of complex systems in the real world, and it has the potential to bridge the gap between TCM and modern science owing to the holism of TCM theory. This article summarizes the current research involving TCM network analysis and highlights the computational tools and analysis methods involved in this research. Finally, to inspire a new approach, the article discussed the potential problems underlying the application of TCM network analysis.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81225025 and 91229201)
文摘Traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） holds a holistic theory, and specializes in balancing disordered human body using numerous natural products, particularly Chinese herbal formulae. TCM has certain treatment advantages for patients suffering from various complex diseases. However, due to the complex nature of TCM, it remains difficult to unveil such holistic medicine by the current reductionism research strategies, which treat both herbal ingredients and targets in isolation. Recently, an emerging network pharmacology approach has been introduced to tackle this bottleneck problem. A TCM-derived novel therapeutic concept, ＂network target＂, which is different from the Western medicine＇s ＂onetarget＂ concept, has been proposed from China. The network target strategy is able to illustrate the complex interactions among the biological systems, drugs, and complex diseases from a network perspective, and thus provides an innovative approach to access ancient remedies in a precision manner and at a systematic level, which also highlights TCM＇s potential in current medical systems.
基金Supported by the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China(973 Program,No.2007CB512607)the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars (No.30625042)National Science and Technology Major Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(No. 2009ZX10005-017)
文摘Objective：To explore the complex prescription compatibility law of the cold and hot nature of Mahuang Decoction（麻黄汤,MHD） and Maxing Shigan Decoction（麻杏石甘汤,MXSGD）,both categorized formulas but with different hot/cold natures.Methods：Oxygen consumption of mice was determined among three groups：MHD,MXSGD and the control;a cold-hot pad differentiating assay was used to observe the variability of temperature tropism among the groups of mice which was treated with MHD,MXSGD,and their compositions. Meanwhile,the total anti-oxidant capability（T-AOC） activity were detected.Results：After administration of MHD, the mice showed increased oxygen consumption（P0.01）.Compared with MHD group,the remaining rate of MXSGD mice on the hot pad was found to be significantly increased with the cold-hot pad differentiating assay （P0.05）.There was no significant difference（P0.05） among the remaining rates of MXSGD,MXSGD with high dose Gypsum Fibrosum（MXHGF） group,and MXSGD with low dose Gypsum Fibrosum（MXLGF） group mice.Compared with the MHD group,T-AOC activity of the mice in the Consensus Compositons group was significantly decreased（P=0.0494）.Compared with the MXSGD group,T-AOC activity of Gypsum Fibrosum （GF） group was increased significantly（P=0.0013）.Conclusions：The differences in cold and hot nature could be represented objectively between MHD with a hot nature and MXSGD with a cold nature.The reason may be the Gypsum Fibrosum which decreased the efficacy of the consensus compositions.However,increasing or decreasing the dose of Gypsum Fibrosum will not change the cold and hot nature of MXSGD.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation ofChina(No.9020900681274112)Beijing Municipal NaturalScience Foundation(No.7112098)
文摘Objective： To explore the pathological mechanisms of Guizhi Decoction （桂枝汤） syndrome and the therapeutic molecular mechanisms of the Guizhi Decoction, Mahuang Decoction （麻黄汤）, Sangju Decoction （桑菊饮） and Yinqiao Powder （银翘散）, as well as the potentially biological basis that Guizhi Decoction is most effective only for the patients with Guizhi Decoction syndrome in clinical practice. Methods： We first got serum samples from the patients suffering from both upper respiratory tract infection and Guizhi Decoction syndrome identified by the doctors of Chinese medicine （CM） in the clinic. Four formulas with therapeutic actions of pungent warmth or pungent coolness for superficial syndromes were chosen and four kinds of rat serum samples each containing one of the above-mentioned herbal formulas were collected, then the effects of Guizhi Decoction syndromes＇ patient serum as well as the effects of sera containing the formulas after being stimulated by the patient serum samples on both the mRNA expression of certain toll-like receptor （TLR） subtypes and the release of some inflammatory cytokines in RAW264.7 cells were tested and analyzed in vitro. Results： The expression of TLR-3, TLR-4 and TLR-9 mRNA among the 9 tested TLR subforms were up-regulated in the macrophages stimulated by the sera from untreated upper respiratory infection patients with the Guizhi Decoction syndrome （symptom- complex）. The products such as interleukin （IL）-113, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor （TNF）- α and interferon （IFN）- from stimulated macrophages through TLR signaling pathways were also increased correspondingly. Interestingly, the changes induced by the Guizhi Decoction syndrome patients＇ sera were masked significantly after the macrophages were incubated with the sera from donors treated with Guizhi Decoction. Similarly, the three other exterior-releasing formulas were all effective in reversing the up-regulated changes of certain TLR subforms to different degrees, but both the number of targeted TLRs and efficacy of them seemed to be inferior to that of Guizhi Decoction. Conclusion： Evidence from these experiments might contribute to the scientific explanation of both the pharmacological mechanisms of Guizhi Decoction and also the CM theory that Guizhi Decoction is specifically prescribed for the treatment of Guizhi Decoction syndrome （The aearina formula to the svmptom-comolex）.
