Objective To study the replantation methods of the amputated complex tissue mass of fingers. Methods Nine cases were replanted using the routine method and the artery-vein bridge grafting method respectively. Results ...Objective To study the replantation methods of the amputated complex tissue mass of fingers. Methods Nine cases were replanted using the routine method and the artery-vein bridge grafting method respectively. Results All 9 cases survived. At 1 year postoperation, the length of the replanted finger was comparable to that of the healthy side with satisfactory appearance. The average finger function increased 30% when compared with pre-operation one. Conclusion For the amputated complex tissue mass of fingers, routine replantation should be carried out if there was one or two digital proper arteries. If a defect was present, the artery-vein bridge grafting method was chosen accordingly. 5 refs,2 figs.展开更多
The electrospray ionization mass spectrometry investigation showed that the binding sites of [ZnL]^2＋, where L is 2-[bis（2- aminoethyl）amino]ethanol, with oxidized insulin B chain are Phel, His5 and Arg22, which le...The electrospray ionization mass spectrometry investigation showed that the binding sites of [ZnL]^2＋, where L is 2-[bis（2- aminoethyl）amino]ethanol, with oxidized insulin B chain are Phel, His5 and Arg22, which lead to the selective cleavages of the peptide bonds at Phe1-Val2, His5-Leu6, Glu21-Arg22, and Arg22-Gly23 of oxidized insulin B chain.展开更多
Six water-soluble polysaccharide-protein complexes coded as GM1, GM2, GM3, GM4, GM5 and GM6 wereisolated from the mycelium of Ganoderma tsugae by extracting with 0.2 mol/L phosphate buffer solution at 25, 40 and80℃, ...Six water-soluble polysaccharide-protein complexes coded as GM1, GM2, GM3, GM4, GM5 and GM6 wereisolated from the mycelium of Ganoderma tsugae by extracting with 0.2 mol/L phosphate buffer solution at 25, 40 and80℃, water at 120℃, 0.5 mol/L aqueous NaOH solution at 25 and 65℃, consecutively. Their chemical components wereanalyzed by using IR, GC, HPLC and ^(13)C-NMR, and some new results were obtained. The four samples GM1, GM2, GM3and GM4 are heteropolysaccharide-prote in complexes, in which, α- (1→3) linked D-glucose is the major monosaccharidewhile galactose, mannose and ribose are the secondary ones. GM5 and GM6 are β-(1→3)-D-glucan-protein complexes. Theprotein content increased from 32% to 69% with the progress of isolation. Weight-average molecu1ar mass M_w and theintrinsic viscosity [η] of the GM samples in 0.5 mol/L aqueous NaCl solution at 25℃ were measured systematically by laserlight scartering (LLS), size exclusion chromatography (SEC) combined with LLS, and viscometry. The M_w of GM1 to GM6are 35.5, 46.8, 58.9, 41.6, 3.3 and 22.0×10~4, respectively. The conformation and molecular mass of the two fractions of sample GM5 were characterized satisfactorily by SEC-LLS without further fractionation.展开更多
Cystic lesions are very commonly encountered entities in the breast. </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><spa...Cystic lesions are very commonly encountered entities in the breast. </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Among</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> these, Complex Cystic Breast Masses (CCBM</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">s</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">), which contain both anechoic </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and echogenic components, can result in a variety of imaging appearances.</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> These include cystic lesions with thick walls and/or internal septa, intracystic nodular lesions, and solid-cystic masses of varying com</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">positions. Ultrasound is the mainstay for evaluating cystic lesions, and thus recognizing the imaging features appropriately and suggesting suitable interventional procedures are </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">included in their management. In this pictorial essay, we describe the</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> wide</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> range of ultrasound appearances of CCBMs with a number of clinically encountered examples from our institution. This article would enhance the understanding of readers in possible differentials to be included in their clinical </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">practice and to suggest appropriate further intervention, when deemed ne</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">cessary.展开更多
The anionic products from the reactions between metal（M=Ag, Au, Pd, Pt, Pb and Bi） vapour produced by laser ablation and hexafluorobenzene seeded in carrier gas（Ar） were studied by means of a homemade reflectron t...The anionic products from the reactions between metal（M=Ag, Au, Pd, Pt, Pb and Bi） vapour produced by laser ablation and hexafluorobenzene seeded in carrier gas（Ar） were studied by means of a homemade reflectron time-of-flight mass spectrometry（RTOF-MS）. Experimental results show that the dominant products were [MmC6F6]^- complexes for the reactions ofAg, Au, Pd and Pt with C6F6, while the dominant products were [MmC6F5]^- complexes for the reactions of Pb and Bi with C6F6. The formation mechanisms of the products, including the adsorption of metal cluster anions on hexafluorobenzene and the C--F cleavage induced by metal cluster anions, were discussed.展开更多
It is reported that two kinds of specific mass spectrometric fragmentations are generated from dissociations of the intermediates of both the ion-neutral complex and the proton-bound complex. Collision-induced dissoci...It is reported that two kinds of specific mass spectrometric fragmentations are generated from dissociations of the intermediates of both the ion-neutral complex and the proton-bound complex. Collision-induced dissociation, isotopic labelling, and semi-empirical AM1 calculations were used to investigate the formation mechanism of the ion of m/z 139 from ionized tetrahydroimidazole-substituted methylene beta-diketones and the unimolecular fragmentations pathway of 3-phenyl-1-butyn-3-ol upon electron impact.展开更多
Microseismic(MS)event locations are vital aspect of MS monitoring technology used to delineate the damage zone inside the surrounding rock mass.However,complex geological conditions can impose significantly adverse ef...Microseismic(MS)event locations are vital aspect of MS monitoring technology used to delineate the damage zone inside the surrounding rock mass.However,complex geological conditions can impose significantly adverse effects on the final location results.To achieve a high-accuracy location in a complex cavern-containing structure,this study develops an MS location method using the fast marching method(FMM)with a second-order difference approach(FMM2).Based on the established velocity model with three-dimensional(3D)discrete grids,the realization of the MS location can be achieved by searching the minimum residual between the theoretical and actual first arrival times.Moreover,based on the calculation results of FMM2,the propagation paths from the MS sources to MS sensors can be obtained using the linear interpolation approach and the Runge–Kutta method.These methods were validated through a series of numerical experiments.In addition,our proposed method was applied to locate the recorded blasting and MS events that occurred during the excavation period of the underground caverns at the Houziyan hydropower station.The location results of the blasting activities show that our method can effectively reduce the location error compared with the results based on the uniform velocity model.Furthermore,the obtained MS location was verified through the occurrence of shotcrete fractures and spalling,and the monitoring results of the in-situ multipoint extensometer.Our proposed method can offer a more accurate rock fracture location and facilitate the delineation of damage zones inside the surrounding rock mass.展开更多
Based on the natural characters of stratum, complicated geological mining conditions and the essence of mining rock mass destruction, the complexity of rock mass destruction caused by miningw as analyzed. The inner li...Based on the natural characters of stratum, complicated geological mining conditions and the essence of mining rock mass destruction, the complexity of rock mass destruction caused by miningw as analyzed. The inner link between rock mass destruction phenomena caused by mining and nonlinear science was revealed. There are numerous cracks in natural rock mass. The cracks’ distribution is irregular and is of statistical fractal structure. Self-organizational nonlinear evolution of the inner structure flaws leads to the rock mass destruction with external force. The evolution includes single fault’s fractal development, formation and evolution of fractal crack network and coordination of fractal crack network, etc. The law of fractal crack network’s evolution was introduced, at the same time, the coordination of fractal crack network was analyzed. Finally, based on coordination the principal equation of mining-caused subsidence of structural rock mass was established and its steady-state solution and unsteady-state solution were found.展开更多
The Special Relativity Theory cannot recognize speed faster than light. New assumption will be imposed that matter has two intrinsic components, 1) mass, and 2) charge, that is M = m + iq. The mass will be measured by...The Special Relativity Theory cannot recognize speed faster than light. New assumption will be imposed that matter has two intrinsic components, 1) mass, and 2) charge, that is M = m + iq. The mass will be measured by real number system and charged by an imaginary unit. This article presents a Complex Matter Space in Relativistic Quantum Mechanics. We are hoping that this approach will help us to present a general view of energy and momentum in Complex Matter Space. The conclusion of this article on Complex Matter Space (CMS) theory will lead help to a better understanding toward the conversion of mass and energy equation, unifying the forces, and unifying relativity and quantum mechanics.展开更多
It is well-known that primary amines form inclusive complexes with crown ethers. This kind of noncovalently inclusive complexes, exemplified tryptophan complex with 18-crown-6, was studied by combination of two experi...It is well-known that primary amines form inclusive complexes with crown ethers. This kind of noncovalently inclusive complexes, exemplified tryptophan complex with 18-crown-6, was studied by combination of two experimental methods, fluorimetry and mass spectrometry, with theoretical calculation. Fluorescence intensity of tryptophan in the absence and the presence of 18-crown-6 in aqueous HAc-NaAc buffer solution at pH=3.73 has been studied by fluorometry. The fuorescence intensity decreases significantly with increasing the concentration of 18-crown-6. The association constant K for the 1：1 complex of tryptophan ion-18-crown-6 was determined by means of fuorimetry. Mass spectrometric study of the complex gives direct evidence of the complex in the gas phase whose structure and binding energy are properly predicted by ab initio calculation.展开更多
The analytical formula and asymptotic formula of added mass of the cascade Weis Fogh mechanism are obtained by applying the complex mapping method.The numerical results show the added mass of cascade is much greater t...The analytical formula and asymptotic formula of added mass of the cascade Weis Fogh mechanism are obtained by applying the complex mapping method.The numerical results show the added mass of cascade is much greater than the one of the plane hydrofoil.展开更多
Duality behavior of photons in wave-particle property has posed challenges and opportunities to discover other frontiers of fundamental particles leading to the relativistic and quantum description of matter. The spee...Duality behavior of photons in wave-particle property has posed challenges and opportunities to discover other frontiers of fundamental particles leading to the relativistic and quantum description of matter. The speed of particles faster than the speed of light could not be recognized, and matter was always described as a real number. A new fundamental view on matter as a complex value has been introduced by many authors who present a paradigm that is shifted from real or pure imaginary particles to Complex Matter Space. A new assumption will be imposed that matter has two intrinsic components: i) mass, and ii) charge. The mass will be measured by real number systems and charged by an imaginary unit. The relativistic concept of Complex Matter Space on energy and momentum is investigated and we can conclude that the new Complex Matter Space (CMS) theory will help get one step closer to a better understanding toward: 1) Un-Euclidean description of Minkowski Geometry in the context of the Complex Matter Space, 2) transformation from Euclidean to Minkowski space and its relativistic interpretation. Finally, geometrical foundations are essential to have a real picture of space, matter, and the universe.展开更多
文摘Objective To study the replantation methods of the amputated complex tissue mass of fingers. Methods Nine cases were replanted using the routine method and the artery-vein bridge grafting method respectively. Results All 9 cases survived. At 1 year postoperation, the length of the replanted finger was comparable to that of the healthy side with satisfactory appearance. The average finger function increased 30% when compared with pre-operation one. Conclusion For the amputated complex tissue mass of fingers, routine replantation should be carried out if there was one or two digital proper arteries. If a defect was present, the artery-vein bridge grafting method was chosen accordingly. 5 refs,2 figs.
文摘The electrospray ionization mass spectrometry investigation showed that the binding sites of [ZnL]^2＋, where L is 2-[bis（2- aminoethyl）amino]ethanol, with oxidized insulin B chain are Phel, His5 and Arg22, which lead to the selective cleavages of the peptide bonds at Phe1-Val2, His5-Leu6, Glu21-Arg22, and Arg22-Gly23 of oxidized insulin B chain.
基金This work was supported by the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 20074025).
文摘Six water-soluble polysaccharide-protein complexes coded as GM1, GM2, GM3, GM4, GM5 and GM6 wereisolated from the mycelium of Ganoderma tsugae by extracting with 0.2 mol/L phosphate buffer solution at 25, 40 and80℃, water at 120℃, 0.5 mol/L aqueous NaOH solution at 25 and 65℃, consecutively. Their chemical components wereanalyzed by using IR, GC, HPLC and ^(13)C-NMR, and some new results were obtained. The four samples GM1, GM2, GM3and GM4 are heteropolysaccharide-prote in complexes, in which, α- (1→3) linked D-glucose is the major monosaccharidewhile galactose, mannose and ribose are the secondary ones. GM5 and GM6 are β-(1→3)-D-glucan-protein complexes. Theprotein content increased from 32% to 69% with the progress of isolation. Weight-average molecu1ar mass M_w and theintrinsic viscosity [η] of the GM samples in 0.5 mol/L aqueous NaCl solution at 25℃ were measured systematically by laserlight scartering (LLS), size exclusion chromatography (SEC) combined with LLS, and viscometry. The M_w of GM1 to GM6are 35.5, 46.8, 58.9, 41.6, 3.3 and 22.0×10~4, respectively. The conformation and molecular mass of the two fractions of sample GM5 were characterized satisfactorily by SEC-LLS without further fractionation.
文摘Cystic lesions are very commonly encountered entities in the breast. </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Among</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> these, Complex Cystic Breast Masses (CCBM</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">s</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">), which contain both anechoic </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and echogenic components, can result in a variety of imaging appearances.</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> These include cystic lesions with thick walls and/or internal septa, intracystic nodular lesions, and solid-cystic masses of varying com</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">positions. Ultrasound is the mainstay for evaluating cystic lesions, and thus recognizing the imaging features appropriately and suggesting suitable interventional procedures are </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">included in their management. In this pictorial essay, we describe the</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> wide</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> range of ultrasound appearances of CCBMs with a number of clinically encountered examples from our institution. This article would enhance the understanding of readers in possible differentials to be included in their clinical </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">practice and to suggest appropriate further intervention, when deemed ne</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">cessary.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.20433080).
文摘The anionic products from the reactions between metal（M=Ag, Au, Pd, Pt, Pb and Bi） vapour produced by laser ablation and hexafluorobenzene seeded in carrier gas（Ar） were studied by means of a homemade reflectron time-of-flight mass spectrometry（RTOF-MS）. Experimental results show that the dominant products were [MmC6F6]^- complexes for the reactions ofAg, Au, Pd and Pt with C6F6, while the dominant products were [MmC6F5]^- complexes for the reactions of Pb and Bi with C6F6. The formation mechanisms of the products, including the adsorption of metal cluster anions on hexafluorobenzene and the C--F cleavage induced by metal cluster anions, were discussed.
文摘It is reported that two kinds of specific mass spectrometric fragmentations are generated from dissociations of the intermediates of both the ion-neutral complex and the proton-bound complex. Collision-induced dissociation, isotopic labelling, and semi-empirical AM1 calculations were used to investigate the formation mechanism of the ion of m/z 139 from ionized tetrahydroimidazole-substituted methylene beta-diketones and the unimolecular fragmentations pathway of 3-phenyl-1-butyn-3-ol upon electron impact.
基金the Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(52039007)for providing financial support.
文摘Microseismic(MS)event locations are vital aspect of MS monitoring technology used to delineate the damage zone inside the surrounding rock mass.However,complex geological conditions can impose significantly adverse effects on the final location results.To achieve a high-accuracy location in a complex cavern-containing structure,this study develops an MS location method using the fast marching method(FMM)with a second-order difference approach(FMM2).Based on the established velocity model with three-dimensional(3D)discrete grids,the realization of the MS location can be achieved by searching the minimum residual between the theoretical and actual first arrival times.Moreover,based on the calculation results of FMM2,the propagation paths from the MS sources to MS sensors can be obtained using the linear interpolation approach and the Runge–Kutta method.These methods were validated through a series of numerical experiments.In addition,our proposed method was applied to locate the recorded blasting and MS events that occurred during the excavation period of the underground caverns at the Houziyan hydropower station.The location results of the blasting activities show that our method can effectively reduce the location error compared with the results based on the uniform velocity model.Furthermore,the obtained MS location was verified through the occurrence of shotcrete fractures and spalling,and the monitoring results of the in-situ multipoint extensometer.Our proposed method can offer a more accurate rock fracture location and facilitate the delineation of damage zones inside the surrounding rock mass.
基金Foundatinitem Project(50274044) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China .
文摘Based on the natural characters of stratum, complicated geological mining conditions and the essence of mining rock mass destruction, the complexity of rock mass destruction caused by miningw as analyzed. The inner link between rock mass destruction phenomena caused by mining and nonlinear science was revealed. There are numerous cracks in natural rock mass. The cracks’ distribution is irregular and is of statistical fractal structure. Self-organizational nonlinear evolution of the inner structure flaws leads to the rock mass destruction with external force. The evolution includes single fault’s fractal development, formation and evolution of fractal crack network and coordination of fractal crack network, etc. The law of fractal crack network’s evolution was introduced, at the same time, the coordination of fractal crack network was analyzed. Finally, based on coordination the principal equation of mining-caused subsidence of structural rock mass was established and its steady-state solution and unsteady-state solution were found.
文摘The Special Relativity Theory cannot recognize speed faster than light. New assumption will be imposed that matter has two intrinsic components, 1) mass, and 2) charge, that is M = m + iq. The mass will be measured by real number system and charged by an imaginary unit. This article presents a Complex Matter Space in Relativistic Quantum Mechanics. We are hoping that this approach will help us to present a general view of energy and momentum in Complex Matter Space. The conclusion of this article on Complex Matter Space (CMS) theory will lead help to a better understanding toward the conversion of mass and energy equation, unifying the forces, and unifying relativity and quantum mechanics.
基金Supported by the Foundation of President of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Key(Keygrant) Project of Chinese Ministry of Education(No.106064)
文摘It is well-known that primary amines form inclusive complexes with crown ethers. This kind of noncovalently inclusive complexes, exemplified tryptophan complex with 18-crown-6, was studied by combination of two experimental methods, fluorimetry and mass spectrometry, with theoretical calculation. Fluorescence intensity of tryptophan in the absence and the presence of 18-crown-6 in aqueous HAc-NaAc buffer solution at pH=3.73 has been studied by fluorometry. The fuorescence intensity decreases significantly with increasing the concentration of 18-crown-6. The association constant K for the 1：1 complex of tryptophan ion-18-crown-6 was determined by means of fuorimetry. Mass spectrometric study of the complex gives direct evidence of the complex in the gas phase whose structure and binding energy are properly predicted by ab initio calculation.
文摘The analytical formula and asymptotic formula of added mass of the cascade Weis Fogh mechanism are obtained by applying the complex mapping method.The numerical results show the added mass of cascade is much greater than the one of the plane hydrofoil.
文摘Duality behavior of photons in wave-particle property has posed challenges and opportunities to discover other frontiers of fundamental particles leading to the relativistic and quantum description of matter. The speed of particles faster than the speed of light could not be recognized, and matter was always described as a real number. A new fundamental view on matter as a complex value has been introduced by many authors who present a paradigm that is shifted from real or pure imaginary particles to Complex Matter Space. A new assumption will be imposed that matter has two intrinsic components: i) mass, and ii) charge. The mass will be measured by real number systems and charged by an imaginary unit. The relativistic concept of Complex Matter Space on energy and momentum is investigated and we can conclude that the new Complex Matter Space (CMS) theory will help get one step closer to a better understanding toward: 1) Un-Euclidean description of Minkowski Geometry in the context of the Complex Matter Space, 2) transformation from Euclidean to Minkowski space and its relativistic interpretation. Finally, geometrical foundations are essential to have a real picture of space, matter, and the universe.
