Visualization of Vapor Film Collapse Behavior with Complexity on Quenching Process by Cellular Automaton

The vapor film collapse that occurs in the quenching process is complicated and affects the heat treatment quality and its distortion.In order to incorporate it into the MBD(Model Based Development)technology required these days,it is necessary to predict the quality of heat treatment by CAE(Computer Added Engineering),shorten the product development period.The calculation of the vapor film collapses in a simple and practical time in order to improve the product performance.However,in the past,in order to formulate the vapor film collapse on a simulation,it was necessary to perform a very large amount of computational calculation CFD(computational fluid dynamics),which was a problem in terms of computer resources and the model of vapor film collapse.In addition,this phenomenon has a complexity behavior of the phenomenon in iterative processing,which also complicates the calculation.In this study,the vapor film collapse phenomenon is easily visualized using self-organized cellular automaton simulation which includes the phenomena of“vapor film thickness and its fluctuation”,“flow disturbance”,“surface step of workpiece”,and“decrease of cooling due to r shape of surface”.The average cooling state and repeated fluctuations of the cooling state were reproduced by this method.

Langmuir-Blodgett Films from Schiff Base Aluminium (Ⅲ) Complex

The characteristics of the LB films of Schiff base aluminium(Ⅲ), tris(2-hydroxy-5-nitro-N-dodecyl-benzylideneaminato) aluminium(Ⅲ)[Al(TA12)_3], were studied. The surface pressure-area(π-A) isotherm of Al(TA12)_3 in the pure water subphase was investigated. The molecular area, 0.48 nm^2, is one-third of the expected value that indicates the formation of an aggregate. The Langmuir-Blodgett(LB) films of Al(TA12)_3 were transferred and characterized. The UV-Vis spectra and the AFM image both confirmed that the J-aggregates formed. The polarized UV-Vis spectra indicated that the complex plane had to be oriented with an angle of about 30° to the substrate surface. The IR spectra suggested that the complexation took place between aluminium ions and the oxygen atoms of the ligand rather than the nitrogen atom.

Preparation and Characterization of Ternary Europium ComplexDoped Thin SolGel Hybrid Film by Fluorescence Spectroscopy

Ternary europium complex with dibenzoylmethane(DBM)and 1,10phenanthroline(phen)was insitu synthesized in thin SiO2/polyvinyl butyral(PVB)hybrid films by a twostep solgel process and characterized by means of fluorescence spectroscopy.The luminescence spectra,fluorescence lifetimes and photostability were all investigated.The results showed that the hybrid films exhibited the characteristic emission bands of the central rare earth Eu3+.In addition,Eu3+presented longer fluorescence lifetime than in an ethanol solution and the complex had a higher photostability in the hybrid film than in the PVB film containing the corresponding pure complex.

The Aggregates in LB Films of Schiff base Aluminium (III) Complex

The surface pressure-area (pi -A) isotherm of Schiff base aluminium (III), tris (2-hydroxy-5-nitro-N-dodecyl-benzylideneaminato) aluminium (III) (denoted as Al(TAl2)(3)), on pure water subphase was investigated. The molecular area, 0.48 nm(2), is one-third of expected value that indicated the aggregation took place. The Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films of Al(TAl2), was transferred and characterized. The AFM image confirmed the formation of aggregates.

Preparation and Properties of Copper Fine Wire on Polyimide Film in Air by Laser Irradiation and Mixed-Copper-Complex Solution Containing Glyoxylic Acid Copper Complex and Methylamine Copper Complex

Formation of copper wiring on a polyimide film by laser irradiation to a stable copper-complex film consisting of glyoxylic acid copper complex and methylamine copper complex in air has been investigated. A stable metallic copper on the polyimide film was precipitated even in air. Since this copper was generated only in the laser-irradiated parts, direct patterning of copper wiring was possible. It was also found that copper was precipitated by electroless copper plating on the laser-deposited copper wiring and it was possible to thicken the copper wiring by this precipitation. The resistivity of the copper wiring was almost the same as that of the bulk of metallic copper. The developed method—combining laser irradiation to a copper-complex-coated film and electroless copper plating—enables the high-speed deposition of fine copper wiring on a polyimide film in air by a printing process, indicating an inexpensive and useful process for fabricating copper wiring without high vacuum facility and heat-treatment under inert gas.

Energy Band Structure of Alq_3/TCAQ Heterostructure Complex Film Determined by Surface Photovoltage Spectroscopy(SPS)

8-Hydroxyquinoling aluminum (Alq3) and 11, 11, 12, 12-tetracyano-9, 10-anthraquino dimethane(TCAQ) monolayer films and their heterostructure complex films were prepared by a vacuum deposition method. By means of surface photovoltage spectroscopy (SPS) and electric field-induced surface photovoltage spectroscopy (EFISPS), the band gaps of TCAQ and Alq3 monolayer films and the properties of the Alq3/TCAQ bilayer film were investigated. By analysing the mechanism and the results of the SPS and the EFISPS, a reasonable energy band structure of the Alq3/TCAQ complex film was roughly determined.

Luminescent Thin Film of Doped Terbium Complex Obtained by Sol-Gel Method

The transparent luminescent thin films of doped terbium complex were obtained by sol gel method. The result indicates that rare earth carboxylates with poor solubility can be homogeneously doped into sol matrix in situ. The fluorescence spectra show that the thin film material emits the characteristic narrow band emission of Tb 3+ under the UV excitation.

Strongly Fluorescent LB Film of a Ternary Europium Complex

Tris (thenoyltrifluoroacetonato) mono(9-octadecylamino-4,5-diazafluorene) europium (III) was synthesized. Stable floating monolayer on pure water subphase (18 degrees C, pH 5.6) was obtained with a collapse pressure of 40 mN/m and a zero-pressure area of 0.495 nm(2) molecule(-1). The monolayers can be transferred onto hydrophilically treated substrates of quartz, calcium fluoride at a surface pressure of 25 mN/m with a transfer ratio of ca. unity. The films were characterized by UV, IR and fluorescent spectroscopy.

Simultaneous measurement of velocity profile and liquid film thickness in horizontal gas–liquid slug flow by using ultrasonic Doppler method

Horizontal gas-liquid two-phase flows widely exist in chemical engineering,oil/gas production and other important industrial processes.Slug flow pattern is the main form of horizontal gas-liquid flows and characterized by intermittent motion of film region and slug region.This work aims to develop the ultrasonic Doppler method to realize the simultaneous measurement of the velocity profile and liquid film thickness of slug flow.A single-frequency single-channel transducer is adopted in the design of the field-programmable gate array based ultrasonic Doppler system.A multiple echo repetition technology is used to improve the temporal-spatial resolution for the velocity profile.An experiment of horizontal gas-liquid two-phase flow is implemented in an acrylic pipe with an inner diameter of 20 mm.Considering the aerated characteristics of the liquid slug,slug flow is divided into low-aerated slug flow,high-aerated slug flow and pseudo slug flow.The temporal-spatial velocity distributions of the three kinds of slug flows are reconstructed by using the ultrasonic velocity profile measurement.The evolution characteristics of the average velocity profile in slug flows are investigated.A novel method is proposed to derive the liquid film thickness based on the instantaneous velocity profile.The liquid film thickness can be effectively measured by detecting the position and the size of the bubbles nearly below the elongated gas bubble.Compared with the time of flight method,the film thickness measured by the Doppler system shows a higher accuracy as a bubble layer occurs in the film region.The effect of the gas distribution on the film thickness is uncovered in three kinds of slug flows.

Numerical Calculation of Viscous-Elastic Fluid Flooding Residual Oil Film in the Complex Pore

In order to analyze the stress and deformation of different permeability of residual oil film in the complex pore, which are affected by the viscous-elasticity of the fluid, the hydrodynamic displacement mechanism is explored from the stand-point of hydrodynamics, that is, the residual oil film displaced by alternating injection of different concentrations of the polymer solution, viscous-elastic fluid flow equation is established in the complex pore by choosing continuity equation, motion equation and the upper convected Maxwell constitutive equation. The flow field is computed by using the method of numerical analysis. Not only the stress and deformation of residual oil film on the different permeability of micro pores, but also the analysis of the flooding mechanism of alternating injection of different concentrations of the polymer solution is got. The results show that the larger the viscous-elasticity of polymer solution is, the bigger the normal deviatoric stress acting on the residual oil film is;the distribution of normal deviatoric stress has the abrupt change. The stronger the viscous-elasticity of the polymer solution is, the bigger the horizontal stress difference acting on the residual oil film is and the more obvious the deformation is;the high-concentration polymer solution is suitable for high-permeability micro pores. Low-concentration polymer solution is suitable for medium and low-permeability micro pores. Alternating injection of polymer solution can improve Volumetric Sweep Efficiency and increase the deformation of residual oil film, which is conducive to enhancing oil recovery.

Luminescent Properties of Europium Complexes with Different Long Chains in Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) Films

A series of europium(III) complexes with different chain length, tris [2-m-pyridylmethanamido-5-phenyl- (1,3,4)-oxadiazole] mono [2-(4-n-alkylphenyl)-iminazole (4,5-f)-1,10-phenanthroline] Eu(III) [Eu(PMA)3Nn (n = 6, 10, 14,18)] were synthesized. All of these amphiphilic europium(III) complexes could form stable Langmuir film at air/water interface and could be transferred onto hydrophilic quartz and mica substrates by measurement of UV spectra in which the absorbance of the LB films at about 288 nm scales showed the linearity with the number of layers deposited. In order to investigate relation between fluorescence properties and the arrangement of molecular in LB films, surface topography of monolayer films were observed by atomic force microscopy (AFM). Results showed that the emission spectra have Eu(III) characteristic peaks and strong emission strength. It is interesting that the molecular with looser arrangement in LB films has better monochromacity, which illustrated that energy might transferred more easily from ligand to Eu(III) in loosen structure films.

THE MECHANISM OF SURFACE METALLIZATION OF POLYVINYL ALCOHOL COMPLEX METAL CHELATE FILMS

A novel method for preparing metalllzed film has been studied.The reduction process and properties of the poly(vinyl alcohol)(PVA)were probed by several analytic means.According to the etudies,a mechanism for the polymer surface reduction metallization was proposed and proved.

Study on Alternating LB Films of Charge-Transfer Complex of Octadecyl-TCNQ and Copper Phthalocyanine Derivative

Infrared spectra of alternating LB films of octadecyl-TCNQ/CuPc are studied. Charge-transfer complexes are formed in LB films and conductance increases about three orders than that of pure CuPc LB films.

STUDIES ON LANGMUIR-BLODGETT FILM OF METAL COMPLEXES(Ⅰ)-PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THE LB FILM OF N-HEXADECYL PYRIDINIUM TETRAKIS(1-PHENYL-3-METHYL-4-BENZOYL-PYRAZOL-5-ONE)EUROPIUM,C_5H_5NC_(16)H_(33)Eu(PMBP)_4

The LB film of the title complex was prepared by dropping a benzene solution of the title complex on the surfaceof water subphase at 25±1℃.The film was deposited in Z type on various hydrophilic pretreated substrates ofquartz,CaF;and electronic conductive glass for different purposes.The π-A curve of the film shows that thecross section per molecule is 125;,which indicates that the alkyl chain of the molecule is basically perpendiculalto the surface of the substrate.UV,IR spectra and transmission electronic microscopy of the film were also obtained.

Modifying factor for determining broadband complex permeability of magnetic thin films

A new method of the modifying factor for determining the broadband complex permeability of magnetic thin films,was proposed. Based on the measurement technology of shot-end microstrip line and the new modify factor,a series of FeCo-based magnetic thin films deposited on the oxidized silicon substrates and with an in-plane uniaxial anisotropy were measured in the frequency range of 0.5-5 GHz. The results fit well with the Landau-Lifchitz-Gilbert theory in a broad frequency range.

全球电影贸易网络时空格局演化特征分析

基于联合国商品贸易统计数据库,利用复杂网络分析方法,探讨2004—2019年全球电影贸易网络时空格局演化特征。研究发现:1)全球电影贸易网络节点数量、贸易关系流和平均加权度持续增加,各国或地区在全球电影贸易网络中的联系越来越密切。贸易网络的可达性和通达性良好,具有小世界特征和无标度性质。2)贸易网络的拓扑结构从以欧洲、美国为双核心演变为以欧洲、亚洲和美国的“多点开花”式多极结构,以往全球电影贸易网络中“自西向东、由北往南”的空间格局正在变化,亚洲国家在全球电影贸易中增长显著,中国成为亚洲区域性电影贸易中心。3)网络核心—边缘结构越来越明显,电影贸易出现较为明显的等级层次性。全球电影贸易网络表现出全球化和区域化共存的趋势,区域化已成为全球电影贸易网络演化的重要趋势之一。4)全球电影贸易网络可划分为4个主要社团,其分布呈空间的连续性,社团结构的存在促进电影贸易网络的稳定和发展。

壳聚糖基多糖复合膜在食品包装中的研究进展

从力学性能、阻隔性能和抗菌活性等方面出发,综述了壳聚糖/纤维素、壳聚糖/淀粉、壳聚糖/果胶等壳聚糖基复合膜在食品包装中的研究进展,为壳聚糖基复合膜的研究提供了参考。

矿物掺合料对复合胶凝材料浆体静态屈服应力的影响

复合胶凝材料浆体的静态屈服应力可用于表征浆体内部微观结构建立的特性,且对新拌水泥基材料的施工与3D打印过程有很大影响。本文研究了矿物掺合料的种类和掺量对复合胶凝材料浆体静态屈服应力变化规律的影响。研究发现,矿物掺合料的细度增大使颗粒表面的水膜层厚度减小,导致浆体的静态屈服应力增大。复合胶凝材料浆体的静态屈服应力在加水搅拌后的一段时间内缓慢增加,浆体结构建立速率较小。在加水搅拌后大约1.5 h,复合胶凝材料浆体的静态屈服应力迅速增大,表明浆体内部结构的连接程度已接近不可破坏的程度,浆体开始凝结,向固体状态转变。

连山关地区铀矿地质钻探技术优化

由于连山关地区存在着地层复杂、岩石胶结松散、水敏性强等诸多不利因素,钻探施工中存在钻孔漏失、掉块卡钻以及坍塌埋钻等问题,导致钻孔报废,降低了铀矿地质钻探施工的经济效益。为了解决以上问题,以ZK93-1孔钻为对象,针对铀矿地质地层特性以及常用设备、泥浆等存在的不利因素,对钻孔设备进行优化,选用CSD-1800A型全液压动力头钻机、HQ绳索取心钻具,并配备镦粗钻杆的NQ绳索取心钻具,提高了钻进效率及安全性,也降低了劳动强度;选用成膜防塌无固相冲洗液,有效降低钻孔偏斜,保证了岩矿心采取率,降低了施工成本,为类似地质条件地区的钻探工作提供参考依据。