A Novel Palladium(Ⅱ)Complex Self-assembled from Anthracene-9-carboxylic Acid:Synthesis,Crystal Structure and Spectroscopic Properties

A novel palladium（II） complex [（TMEDA）Pd（anca）2].2DMSO （1, TMEDA = N,N,N＇,N＇-tetramethylethylethylenediamine, anca = anthracene-9-carboxylic acid） was synthesized and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, 1H NMR, UV-Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy. The cell belongs to orthorhombic Aba2 space group with a = 19.698（7）, b = 21.045（7） c = 9.062（3） A, Z = 4, V= 3757（2） A3, C40H46N206PdS2, Mr = 821.31, D, = 1.452 g/cm3, F（000） = 1704, the final R = 0.0272, wR = 0.0667 and GOOF = 0.999. Complex 1 exhibits an interesting distorted clip-shaped molecular configuration which is stabilized by intramolecular C-H...O hydrogen bonds. The cells are packed into a 3D supramolecular structure based on the intermolecular C-H...zr interactions which further construct the tubular channels serving as guest molecular channels to include the DMSO solvent molecules inside. Furthermore, the spectroscopic properties of 1 were also investigated.

Exploring Biocomplexity in Cancer: A Comprehensive Review

Living objects have complex internal and external interactions. The complexity is regulated and controlled by homeostasis, which is the balance of multiple opposing influences. The environmental effects finally guide the self-organized structure. The living systems are open, dynamic structures performing random, stationary, stochastic, self-organizing processes. The self-organizing procedure is defined by the spatial-temporal fractal structure, which is self-similar both in space and time. The system’s complexity appears in its energetics, which tries the most efficient use of the available energies;for that, it organizes various well-connected networks. The controller of environmental relations is the Darwinian selection on a long-time scale. The energetics optimize the healthy processes tuned to the highest efficacy and minimal loss (minimalization of the entropy production). The organism is built up by morphogenetic rules and develops various networks from the genetic level to the organism. The networks have intensive crosstalk and form a balance in the Nash equilibrium, which is the homeostatic state in healthy conditions. Homeostasis may be described as a Nash equilibrium, which ensures energy distribution in a “democratic” way regarding the functions of the parts in the complete system. Cancer radically changes the network system in the organism. Cancer is a network disease. Deviation from healthy networking appears at every level, from genetic (molecular) to cells, tissues, organs, and organisms. The strong proliferation of malignant tissue is the origin of most of the life-threatening processes. The weak side of cancer development is the change of complex information networking in the system, being vulnerable to immune attacks. Cancer cells are masters of adaptation and evade immune surveillance. This hiding process can be broken by electromagnetic nonionizing radiation, for which the malignant structure has no adaptation strategy. Our objective is to review the different sides of living complexity and use the knowledge to fight against cancer.

The Golden Ratio Theorem: A Framework for Interchangeability and Self-Similarity in Complex Systems

The Golden Ratio Theorem, deeply rooted in fractal mathematics, presents a pioneering perspective on deciphering complex systems. It draws a profound connection between the principles of interchangeability, self-similarity, and the mathematical elegance of the Golden Ratio. This research unravels a unique methodological paradigm, emphasizing the omnipresence of the Golden Ratio in shaping system dynamics. The novelty of this study stems from its detailed exposition of self-similarity and interchangeability, transforming them from mere abstract notions into actionable, concrete insights. By highlighting the fractal nature of the Golden Ratio, the implications of these revelations become far-reaching, heralding new avenues for both theoretical advancements and pragmatic applications across a spectrum of scientific disciplines.

Hierarchical Self-organization of Complex Systems

Researches on organization and structure in complex systems are academic and industrial fronts in modern sciences. Though many theories are tentatively proposed to analyze complex systems, we still lack a rigorous theory on them. Complex systems possess various degrees of freedom, which means that they should exhibit all kinds of structures. However, complex systems often show similar patterns and structures. Then the question arises why such similar structures appear in all kinds of complex systems. The paper outlines a theory on freedom degree compression and the existence of hierarchical self-organization for all complex systems is found. It is freedom degree compression and hierarchical self-organization that are responsible for the existence of these similar patterns or structures observed in the complex systems.

Self-Assembled Film of Tb^(3+) and Poly(3- Thiophene Acetic Acid) via Layer-by-Layer Complexation Technique and Its Photoluminescence

The layer by layer complexation technique of polymer and metal ion was successfully utilized to fabricate the ultrathin multilayer film of poly(3 thiophene acetic acid (PTAA) and Tb 3+ ion by dipping the substrates alternatively in polymer and Tb 3+ ion aqueous solutions. UV-vis measurement revealed that the absorbance has linearity with the bilayer number from layer to layer and the X ray photoelectron spectrum (XPS) confirmed the existence of Tb 3+ ion. The pH of both the polymer and TbCl 3 solutions influence the thickness dramatically while the concentration of the solutions is not so sensitive. The luminescent spectrum of the complex film shows the characteristic emission of Tb 3+ ion as well as the ligand indicating the formation of the complex.

Complexity and Self-Organized Criticality of Solid Earth System(Ⅰ)

The author puts forward the proposition of Complexity and Self Organized Criticality of Solid Earth System in the light of: (1) the science of complexity studies the mechanisms of emergence of complexity and is the science of the 21st century, (2) the study of complexity of the earth system would be one of the growing points occupying a strategic position in the development of geosciences in the 21st century. By the proposition we try to cogitate from a new viewpoint the ancient yet ever new solid earth system. The author abstracts the fundamental problem of the solid earth system from the essence of the generalized geological systems and processes which reads: the complexity and self organized criticality of the global nature, structure and dynamical behavior of the whole solid earth system emerging from the multiple coupling and superposition of non linear interactions among the multicomponents of the earths material and the multiple generalized geological (geological, geophysical, and geochemical) processes . Starting from this cognizance the author proposes eight major themes and the methodology of researches on the complexity and self organized criticality of the solid earth system.

A self-organizing shortest path finding strategy on complex networks

The shortcomings of traditional methods to find the shortest path are revealed, and a strategy of finding the self- organizing shortest path based on thermal flux diffusion on complex networks is presented. In our method, the shortest paths between the source node and the other nodes are found to be self-organized by comparing node temperatures. The computation complexity of the method scales linearly with the number of edges on underlying networks. The effects of the method on several networks, including a regular network proposed by Ravasz and Barabasi which is called the RB network, a real network, a random network proposed by Ravasz and Barabasi which is called the ER network and a scale-free network, are also demonstrated. Analytic and simulation results show that the method has a higher accuracy and lower computational complexity than the conventional methods.

Design and Self-assembly of a Novel Tetranuclear Zinc(Ⅱ) Complex via Reaction of 1,3-Thiazolidine-2-thione(tzdtH) with Zn(NO_ 3)_ 2

The self-assembly of clusters in inorganic systems is an interesting subject. The self-assembly of big molecules has been well established in biological systems. In addition, the coordination chemistry of metal-sulfur-nitrogen cluster complexes has been a very active and attracting field for many years as a result of the novelty and versatility of the crystal structures and reactivities of such clusters, as well as their potential applications as the models for the active sites in non-heme proteins. At the same time, there is currently considerable interest in the formation of metal complexes with heterocyclic ligands because of the diverse characteristics of ligands and their consequential wide range of applications.

Measurement of Characteristic Self-Similarity and Self-Diversity for Complex Mechanical Systems

Based on similarity science and complex system theory,a new concept of characteristic self-diversity and corre- sponding relations between self-similarity and self-diversity for complex mechanical systems are presented in this paper.Methods of system self-similarity and self-diversity measure between main system and sub-system are studied.Numerical calculations show that the characteristic self-similarity and self-diversity measure method is validity.A new theory and method of self-similarity and self- diversity measure for complexity mechanical system is presented.

A realistic model for complex networks with local interaction, self-organization and order

In this paper, a new mechanism for the emergence of scale-free distribution is proposed. It is more realistic than the existing mechanism. Based on our mechanism, a model responsible for the scale-free distribution with an exponent in a range of 3-to-5 is given. Moreover, this model could also reproduce the exponential distribution that is discovered in some real networks. Finally, the analytical result of the model is given and the simulation shows the validity of our result,

A Study on the Evolution of Labor Self-Organizations and the Design of Governmental Mechanism from A Complex Network Perspective

Self-organization theory informs an analysis on the evolution of labor self-organizations (LSOs), but lacks technical analysis on the evolution of their organizational structures. Fortunately, complex network technology offers a new approach to analyzing these structures. Built on an extension of the Barabási-Albert (BA) model, we can simulate the evolution of LSOs by analyzing indicators including the clustering coefficient, degree distribution (DD) and average path length (APL) of workers, thereby demonstrating the evolving patterns of LSOs. Accordingly, governmental mechanism designs based on such patterns may not only stimulate energy growth and functional realization of LSOs, but also reduce the social percussions of abrupt evolutions. A comparative analysis of the evolutionary trajectories of LSOs in China and the U.S. finds that the U.S. government’s mechanism designs for protecting capitalism not only prevented the effective gathering of workers, but also prolonged the history of industrial conflicts. Such mechanism designs also led to the early dispersion and decline of LSOs and hindered the evolution of the working class. In contrast, the Chinese government established a socialist system that allowed workers to become the underlying force of socialist productivity. This design reduced labor strife while accelerating the evolution of workers towards higher stages.

深度复数轴向自注意力卷积循环网络的语音增强

单通道语音增强任务中相位估计不准确会导致增强语音的质量较差,针对这一问题,提出了一种基于深度复数轴向自注意力卷积循环网络(deep complex axial self-attention convolutional recurrent network,DCACRN)的语音增强方法,在复数域同时实现了语音幅度信息和相位信息的增强.首先使用基于复数卷积网络的编码器从输入语音信号中提取复数表示的特征,并引入卷积跳连模块用以将特征映射到高维空间进行特征融合,加强信息间的交互和梯度的流动.然后设计了基于轴向自注意力机制的编码器-解码器结构,利用轴向自注意力机制来增强模型的时序建模能力和特征提取能力.最后通过解码器实现对语音信号的重构,同时利用混合损失函数优化网络模型,提升增强语音信号的质量.实验在公开数据集Valentini和DNS Challenge上进行,结果表明所提方法相对于其他模型在客观语音质量评估(perceptual evaluation of speech quality,PESQ)和短时客观可懂度(short-time objective intelligibility,STOI)两项指标上均有提升,在非混响数据集中,PESQ比DCTCRN(deep cosine transform convolutional recurrent network)提高了12.8%,比DCCRN(deep complex convolutional recurrent network)提高了3.9%,验证了该网络模型在语音增强任务中的有效性.

Halogen Mediated Self-assembly of Three Mixed Valent Cu(Ⅰ)/Cu(Ⅱ)Complexes

Reaction of the ligand dmpt（dmpt=6,7-dimethylbenzo[f][1,10]phenanthroline）with CuCl2 afforded mixed valent Cu（Ⅰ）/Cu（Ⅱ） discrete tetranuclear complexes[Cu（Ⅱ）Cl2（dmpt）Cu（Ⅰ）Cl]（1）,while the reaction of ligand dppz（dppz = dipyrido[3,2-a：20,30-c]phenazine） with divalent halogen copper salt CuX2（X=Cl,Br） gave one-dimensional chain mixed valent Cu（Ⅰ）/Cu（Ⅱ） complexes [Cu（Ⅱ）Cl2（dppz）Cu（Ⅰ）Cl]n（2） and discrete mixed valent Cu（Ⅰ）/Cu（Ⅱ）complexes [Cu（Ⅱ）Br2（dppz）（DMF）Cu（Ⅰ）Br]（3）. Complex 2 consists of a one-dimensional chain-dppzC u（Ⅱ）-Clμ2-Cu（Ⅰ）-Cl-dppzC u（Ⅱ）-Clμ2-Cu（Ⅰ）-with Cu（Ⅱ） and Cu（Ⅰ） atoms linked together by chloride anion. Complex 3 is a discrete complex,which is the same as complexes 1 and 2 involving two different copper valent Cu（Ⅰ） and Cu（Ⅱ）. The Cu（Ⅰ） ion presents a pseudo-trihedral geometry,while the Cu（Ⅱ） ion presents a slightly distorted square-pyramidal geometry. This fact proved that halogen ions play a vital role in the assembly procedure. Our research results demonstrate the structural diversification that can be achieved by halogen ions mediated. Moreover,halogen ions-mediated self-assembly may provide useful information for further design of compounds with novel structures and properties.

求索大脑智慧本质,照亮类脑智能之路

宇宙创生→生命爆发→智能演生→人工智能,这是一条演化的历史长河。时代在问,脑与心智从哪里来,将到哪里去?人工智能的前途和命运是怎样的?人类文明的前途和命运是怎样的?大脑智能和人工智能怎样才能相互照亮?是否有不依赖于大数据、大算力和大模型的智能路线?人工智能可否通过完全不同于生物进化的另一条道路通向“心智”?脑智创造力如何演化为新质生产力?这些问题的核心仍然是人类大脑在整体上是怎样工作的?本文将从微观—介观—宏观—宇观的尺度上来勾勒一幅复杂性与简约性辩证统一的图景。

融合N-K模型的复杂网络船舶自沉事故风险因素耦合分析

为定量分析船舶自沉风险因素间的影响关系,识别导致船舶自沉事故的关键因素,科学预防事故的发生,引入融合N-K模型的复杂网络研究船舶自沉事故风险耦合。首先结合中国海事局公布的136起船舶自沉事故案例,分析事故致因,将船舶自沉事故风险因素归纳为4个一级风险因素和15个二级风险因素,运用N-K模型计算出一级风险因素风险耦合的发生概率和风险值;然后,以二级风险因素为节点、致因关联为边,构建危险因子的关联网络,通过风险可达性分析和网络节点中心度分析,探究危险因子的作用机制,对危险因子进行初步识别,并以N-K模型计算的耦合值对节点中心度进行改进,获得最终的关键风险因素;最后,挖掘船舶自沉事故致因网络的凝聚子群并进行分析,得到密度矩阵,确定风险关联性最强的二级风险因素,以期从事故源头上采取有效措施,为船舶自沉事故的科学预防提供有益参考。结果表明:船舶自沉事故的发生与风险耦合值成正比,耦合因素越多则风险值越大;人的因素和船舶因素风险耦合易导致船舶自沉事故;导致船舶自沉事故的关键风险因素为安全意识淡薄、公司未履责、船舶管理不到位、公司管理不到位、船舶故障、船舶不适航,其中安全意识淡薄与其他风险关联性最大,须重点防范。

复杂性与社会信任:卢曼思想研究

作为一种社会关系,基于信任的人际交往始终带有不同程度的风险。生活于非熟人社会的人如何进行深度交往,从而在各方面实现有效合作,是现代政治结构建设的核心问题之一。合作必须基于信任,但现代社会中的人际信任不能单纯依靠个体对自身的道德约束或事后的程序性惩罚,而是必须以结构性设计来预先谋划。许多现代社会制度之所以能够建立起来,正是因为其具有保证并维护基本的人际信任的功能。但恰恰是在个体化时代,信任需要面对双重偶然性的挑战,因此又很脆弱。卢曼则直面现代社会自身不断生成的可能性,认可社会的复杂性与社会系统的自我指涉机制,强调以简化的路径来致力于信任的实现。

基于改进BiRTE的渔业健康养殖标准复杂关系抽取

为解决渔业健康养殖标准文本关系抽取领域特定性强、语意复杂导致关系抽取准确率不高等问题,提出了基于改进BiRTE的渔业健康养殖标准复杂关系抽取方法,针对实体和语义关联建模,将RoBERTa作为编码器,采用全词掩码和动态掩码的方式增强词向量特征表示,并在此基础上融合了自注意力机制(Self-Attention, SelfATT)将实体特征与关系特征结合聚焦,加强实体抽取与关系预测的联系,从而提升渔业标准文本抽取的准确性。结果表明:本文提出的基于改进BiRTE的渔业健康养殖标准复杂关系抽取模型(RoBERTa-BiRTE-SelfATT)对渔业标准复杂关系抽取的准确率、召回率和F1值分别为95.9%、95.4%、95.7%,较BiRTE模型分别提升了4.2%、3.1%、3.8%。研究表明,本文提出的渔业健康养殖标准复杂关系抽取模型RoBERTa-BiRTE-SelfATT可以有效解决渔业标准文本关系抽取中专有名词识别不准确、语意复杂导致实体关系难以抽取的问题,是一种有效的渔业标准复杂关系抽取方法。

基于改进ViBe的自适应运动目标检测算法

针对ViBe算法无法去除动态背景,易出现鬼影及不能自适应光照变化的问题,提出一种复杂环境自适应的ViBe改进算法。通过计算区域的复杂度、闪烁波动度,对分类半径R和更新率T进行动态调整,对样本点进行有效性权重的计算,更高效地过滤背景噪声和适应光照渐变;在检测物体状态变化时,动态调整R和T,通过融合前景点计数和帧差法优化鬼影消除;通过识别最小外接矩阵区域差异加快去除鬼影;利用帧差法实时检测光照突变,及时进行重新初始化,避免大量误检。实验结果表明,改进ViBe算法在适应动态背景、光照变化及抑制鬼影等方面比原算法均有更好检测效果,检测精度平均提升了40.7%。

仿生再矿化治疗在牙釉质早期脱矿的作用及机制

背景:随着饮食改善和生活水平提高,酸性饮食和正畸治疗等成为导致牙釉质表面脱矿的主要原因。作为牙齿龋坏的第一步,牙釉质脱矿应被积极干预,机械磨除损伤较大且不符合微创医学理念,仿生再矿化是目前应对牙釉质脱矿的最佳方式。目的:通过对牙釉质早期脱矿的仿生再矿化治疗机制、应用方式及研究进展进行综述,为进一步攻克仿生再矿化热点难题提供思路。方法:以“Enamel demineralization,Biomimetic remineralization,amelogenin,Amorphous calcium phosphate”等作为英文关键词在PubMed数据库检索,以“釉质脱矿,仿生再矿化,釉原蛋白”等关键词在中国知网数据库进行检索,通过筛选最终共得到72篇文献进行综述分析。结果与结论:①目前针对釉质脱矿有药物治疗如含氟制剂等、激光治疗、树脂渗透、再矿化治疗等治疗方式,仿生再矿化是目前牙釉质早期脱矿最理想的修复方式。②狭义的釉质再矿化指早期釉质脱矿后内部的矿物质再沉积,广义的釉质再矿化包括釉质表面和内部两方面的矿化沉积。③临床仿生再矿化试剂多以釉原蛋白、非釉原蛋白、釉原蛋白肽、酪蛋白磷酸肽-不定形磷酸钙复合物等为主要成分。蛋白及肽类材料优势在于符合生理机制,可通过诱导定向生成高强度再矿化材料,劣势在于制作工艺相对复杂,成本较高;不定形磷酸钙复合物再矿化效果好,但需与其他材料结合使用以发挥作用;其他磷酸钙材料便于携带、有利美观,但易导致牙石形成。④未来研究应着重于以下几个方面:增加随机对照试验数据和临床结果,明确各个方式的适应证;发掘更多仿生再矿化方法,寻找合适替代材料;寻找合理的材料结合方式,以使其优缺点互补;加强临床应用便携性,以增加日常使用频率,使短期实验结论获得长期临床数据支持。

雷达协同探测系统新形态与应用研究——复杂电子系统研究

随着智能时代的到来,分布式、网络化、智能化越来越成为雷达探测系统发展的重要技术方向,并促进了雷达组网协同探测技术与应用的不断演进。在专题文章《预警系统协同探测技术研究》的基础上,以未来发展新思维为导向,研究复杂性科学与电子科学的交叉融合,提出了复杂电子系统的新概念内涵;研究网络科学的相关理论应用于电子系统,提出了复杂电子系统网络化协同的新系统形态与技术层级、网络化协同矩阵与状态转移矩阵等;复杂系统是具有涌现和自组织行为的系统,研究提出了复杂电子系统自组织的一种简单规则,仿真了其自组织状态,并分析了系统自组织目标与资源。当复杂电子系统降维为协同探测的功能时,可表征雷达协同探测的应用新形态,呈现出网络化协同与自组织应用等智能行为。