High efficiency spreading spectrum modulation using double orthogonal complex sequences

This paper presents a novel scheme of high efficiency spreading spectrum modulation using double orthogonal complex sequences （DoCS）. In this scheme, input data bit-stream is split into many groups with length M. Each group is then mapped into a word of width M and then utihzed to select one sequence from 2u-2 DoCS sequences each with length L. After that, the selected sequence is modulated on carrier in quadrature phase shift keying （QPSK） mode. In addition, a new method named forward phase correction （FPC） is put forward for carrier recovery. Theoretical analysis and bit-error-ratio（BER） experiment results indicate that the proposed scheme has better performance than the conventional direct sequence spread spectrum（DSSS） scheme both in bandwidth efficiency and processing gain of the receiver.

LZ Complexity Distance of DNA Sequences and Its Application in Phylogenetic Tree Reconstruction

DNA sequences can be treated as finite-length symbol strings over a four-letter alphabet （A, C, T, G）. As a universal and computable complexity measure, LZ complexity is valid to describe the complexity of DNA sequences. In this study, a concept of conditional LZ complexity between two sequences is proposed according to the principle of LZ complexity measure. An LZ complexity distance metric between two nonnull sequences is defined by utilizing conditional LZ complexity. Based on LZ complexity distance, a phylogenetic tree of 26 species of placental mammals （Eutheria） with three outgroup species was reconstructed from their complete mitochondrial genomes. On the debate that which two of the three main groups of placental mammals, namely Primates, Ferungulates, and Rodents, are more closely related, the phylogenetic tree reconstructed based on LZ complexity distance supports the suggestion that Primates and Ferungulates are more closely related.

Amyloid β and free heme：bloody new insights into the pathogenesis of Alzheimer＇s disease

The cerebral formation of Amyloid β（Aβ） is a critical pathological feature of Alzheimer＇s disease（AD）.An accumulation of this peptide as senile plaques（SP） was already reported by Alois Alzheimer,the discoverer of the disease.Yet the exact contribution of Aβ to AD development remains elusive.Moreover,while extensive cerebral Aβ formation leads to fibril formation in many species,AD-like symptoms apparently depend on the highly conserved N-terminal residues R5,Y10 and H13.The amino acids were also shown to lead to the formation of Aβ-heme complexes,which exhibit peroxidase activity in the presence of H_2O_2.Taking together these observations we propose that the formation and enzymatic activity of the named complexes may represent an essential aspect of AD pathology.Furthermore,Aβ is also known to lead to cerebral micro-vessel destruction（CAA） as well as to hemolytic events.Thus we suggest that the Aβ-derived cerebral accumulation of blood-derived free heme represents a likely precondition for the subsequent formation of Aβ-heme complexes.

Digital Karyotyping with Whole Genomic Sequencing for Complex Congenital Disorder

Complex congenital disorders may be caused by multiple genetic alterations and/or environmental hazards. Diagnosis and management of these diseases are usually difficult. Robust next-generation sequencing （NGS） technologies provide unprecedented opportunities to maximize mutation detection and improve genetic counseling and clinical management. Targeted or whole exome sequencing （WES） mainly detects protein-coding DNA sequence aberrations and is the major DNA sequencing technology that is entering clinical practice （Liu et al., 2014）.