INDIRECT VOLTAMMETRIC DETERMINATION OF TRACE SULFATE IN NATURAL WATERS WITH THE ADSORPTIVE COMPLEX WAVE OF LEAD(Ⅱ)-TETRAKIS (4-TRIMETHYLAMMONIUM PHENYL) PORPHYRIN

The indirect voltammetric determination of trace sulfate (2.0×10^(-6)～4.0×10^(-5) mol/L ) with the adsorptive complex wave of lead(Ⅱ)-tetrakis (4-trimethylammonium phenyl) porphyrin (PbTTMAPP) is reported.This method has been used for the analysis of natural waters with satisfactory results.

A review of the research on complex erosion by wind and water

Complex erosion by wind and water, which is also called aeolian-fluvial interactions, is an important erosion process and landscape in arid and semiarid regions. The effectiveness of links between wind and water process, spatial environmental transitions and temporal environmental change are the three main driving forces determining the geomorphologic significance of aeolian-fluvial interactions. As a complex interrelating and intercoupling system, complex erosion by wind and water has spatial- temporal variation features. The process of complex erosion by wind and water can be divided into palaeoenvironmental process and contemporary process. Early work in drylands has often been attributed to one of two schools advocating either an ＇aeolianist＇ or a ＇fluvialist＇ perspective, so it was not until the 1930s that the research on complex erosion by wind and water had been conducted. There are two obstacles restricting the research of complex erosion by wind and water. Firstly, how to transform in different temporal and spatial scales is still unsettled; and secondly, the research methodology is still immature. In the future, the mechanism and control of erosion, the complex soil erodibility in wind and water erosion will be the focus of research on complex erosion by wind and water.

Application study on complex wetting agent for dust-proof after gas drainage by outburst seams in coal mines

After gas drainage, the outburst seam is dry and, consequently, during subsequent mechanized mining, unwanted dust production is extensive. Because the hard dustfall typically has a small particle size it contains a high percentage of respirable dust. Considering these factors, this paper improved the efficiency of dustfall by reducing the surface tension of the liquid used as a wetting agent, then configuring five kinds of wetting agents by adopting various doses and types of surfactants, neutral inorganic salts and chemical additives, etc. After purchasing DA-85 and SRJ-1 wetting agent, the surface tension and critical micelle concentration of seven kinds of wetting agents were measured using the capillary rise method. Wetting agent A was confirmed to have the best comprehensive effect. The experiments were optimized by measuring and comparatively analyzing contact angles of pure water, SRJ-1 wetting agent and wetting agent A on the surface of different coal samples using a contact angle measurement instrument （HARKE- SPCA）. By comparative analysis, dust-proof effects of seam, dynamic pressure water infusion and high- pressure spray in the tunneling face at the Daning coal mine using pure water, wetting agent SRJ-1 and A, it was determined that after using wetting agent A, the average dust concentration in the place of the mining machine driver, 10 m and 110 m away from the tunneling front is approximately 300 rag/ m^3, 240 mg/m^3 and 100 mg/m^3, respectively, This practice increased the dust-proof efficiency dramati- cally and achieved a good comprehensive dust-proof effect.

Avian influenza virus ecology in wild birds of Western Siberia

Background:The aim of the study was to explore the ecological diversity of wild birds in Siberia, which are the natural reservoir of avian influenza virus(AIV).Methods:Cloacal swabs and intestinal fragments were collected from wild migratory birds from 2007-2014. Isolated viruses were grown in the allantoic cavity of embryonated chicken eggs. The presence of virus was determined using hemagglutination assays. Primary identification and subtyping of influenza viruses was confirmed by RT-PCR.Results:A total of 2300 samples obtained from wild migratory birds of 8 orders were collected and tested. Influenza was detected in 185 birds of 3 orders. Species of family Anatidae(order Anseriformes) such as European Teal(Anas crecca), Garganey Teal(A. querquedula), and Shoveler(A. clypeata) play the main role in AIV circulation in the south of Western Siberia. The proportion of viral carriers among waterfowl ranged from 5.6 to 20% in 2007-2014. The order Charadriiformes had lower virus isolation rates of not more than 1.4%.Conclusions:Wild migratory waterfowl of orders Anseriformes and Charadriiformes are the main reservoir of AIV in the south of Western Siberia. This area plays a key role in persistence, evolution, and geographical distribution of avian influenza.

Many-body Interaction in 1,2,3-Triazine-（water）3 Complex

The interaction between 1,2,3-triazine and three water molecules was studied using density functional theory B3LYP method at 6-31-t＋＋G^＊＊ basis set. Various structures for 1,2,3-triazine-（water）n （n= 1, 2, 3） complex were investigated and the different lower energy structures were reported. Many-body analysis was also carded out to obtain relaxation energy and many-body interaction energy （two, three, and four-body）, and the most stable conformer has the basis set superposition error corrected interaction energy of -- 102.61 kJ/mol. The relaxation energy, two- and three-body interactions have significant contribution to the total interaction energy whereas four-body interaction was very small for 1,2,3-triazine-（water）3 complex.

Magnetic and electro-catalytic properties of a copper complex with 2-(pyridylmethyl)amino-N,N-bis(2-methylene-4,6-difluorophenol)

A new material for both magnetic coupling and electrocatalytic hydrogen generation based on a copper complex,[（HL）CuCl-CuCl（HL）]HCl 1 is prepared by the reaction of 2-（pyridylmethyl）amino-N,N-bis（2-methylene-4,6-difluorophenol）（H2L） and CuCl2·2H2O.In solid,complex 1 is built from two copper units（[（HL）CuCl]）,and exhibits an antiferromagnetic exchange interaction between copper（Ⅱ） ions（J=-160cm^-1）.In liquid,1 can electrocatalyze hydrogen generation both from acetic acid with a turnover frequency（TOF） of 16.3 moles of hydrogen per mole of catalyst per hour at an overpotential（OP）of 941.6 mV（in DMF）,and a neutral buffer with a TOF of 1415.6 moles of hydrogen per mole of catalyst per hour at an OP of 787.6 mV.

RAY THEORY OF WATER WAVE REFRACTION ON COMPLEX TOPOGRAPHY

The caustic lines are formed as envelop lines of wave rays on the complex topo- graphy where conventional ray theory fails.By using the inner and outer scale method in the near region the caustic lines the singularities of the ray theory are dealt with.Using the conclusion that the phase of the ray in contact with the caustic line increases by π/2,the whole wave refraction problem is solvec except on caustic lines.

Complex eigenvalues and group velocities of normal modes in shallow water with a lossy bottom

For the stratified shallow water with a lossy bottom, the distribution and asymptotic behavior of mode eigenvalues in the complex plane are discussed on the basis of the Pekeris cut. The analysis shows that even in the shallow water with a low-speed lossy bottom there may be the proper modes which satisfy the radiation condition at infinite depth. It is also shown that when the ratio between the densities of the seawater and seabottom is close to one, there exist only a finite number of improper modes . An iterative method for evaluating the complex eigenvalues and group velocities of normal modes is presented and some numerical results are given.