Primary component analysis method and reduction of seismicity parameters

In the paper, the primary component analysis is made using 8 seismicity parameters of earthquake frequency N (ML≥3.0), b-value, η-value, A(b)-value, Mf-value, Ac-value, C-value and D-value that reflect the characteristics of magnitude, time and space distribution of seismicity from different respects. By using the primary component analysis method, the synthesis parameter W reflecting the anomalous features of earthquake magnitude, time and space distribution can be gained. Generally, there is some relativity among the 8 parameters, but their variations are different in different periods. The earthquake prediction based on these parameters is not very well. However, the synthesis parameter W showed obvious anomalies before 13 earthquakes (MS≥5.8) occurred in North China, which indicates that the synthesis parameter W can reflect the anomalous characteristics of magnitude, time and space distribution of seismicity better. Other problems related to the conclusions drawn by the primary component analysis method are also discussed.

Robust Variance Components Estimation in the PERG Mixed Distributions of Empirical Variances—PEROBVC Method

A mixed distribution of empirical variances, composed of two distributions the basic and contaminating ones, and referred to as PERG mixed distribution of empirical variances, is considered. In the paper a robust inverse problem solution is given, namely a (new) robust method for estimation of variances of both distributions—PEROBVC Method, as well as the estimates for the numbers of observations for both distributions and, in this way also the estimate of contamination degree.

An efficient formulation based on the Lagrangian method for contact–impact analysis of flexible multi-body system

In this paper,an efficien formulation based on the Lagrangian method is presented to investigate the contact–impact problems of f exible multi-body systems.Generally,the penalty method and the Hertz contact law are the most commonly used methods in engineering applications.However,these methods are highly dependent on various non-physical parameters,which have great effects on the simulation results.Moreover,a tremendous number of degrees of freedom in the contact–impact problems will influenc thenumericalefficien ysignificantl.Withtheconsideration of these two problems,a formulation combining the component mode synthesis method and the Lagrangian method is presented to investigate the contact–impact problems in fl xible multi-body system numerically.Meanwhile,the finit element meshing laws of the contact bodies will be studied preliminarily.A numerical example with experimental verificatio will certify the reliability of the presented formulationincontact–impactanalysis.Furthermore,aseries of numerical investigations explain how great the influenc of the finit element meshing has on the simulation results.Finally the limitations of the element size in different regions are summarized to satisfy both the accuracy and efficien y.

A study on the multi-componentsubstrom current

A new technique of eigen mode analysis, Method of Natural Orthogonal Components (MNOC) is used to analyze the ionospheric equivalent current systems obtained on the basis of magnetic data at six meridian magnetometer chains in the northern hemisphere during March 17 19, 1978. The results show that the whole current pattern for any given instant consists of a few eigen modes with different intensities. The first eigen mode exhibits a two cell current construction, characterizing the large scale magnetospheric convection and directly driven process, while the second eigen mode shows a concentrated westward electrojet at midnight sector, characterizing the substorm current wedge and the loading unloading process. The first mode consistently exists whenever during quiet periods or at substorms, and its intensity increases from the beginning of the growth phase of substorms, then quickly intensifies in the expansion phase, followed by a gradual decrease in the recovery phase. On the other hand, the intensity of the second mode remains to be near zero during both quiet time and the growth phase of substorms. Its rapid enhancement occurs in the expansion phase. These characteristics in the current patterns and the intensity variations coincide with the defined physical processes of the directly driven and loading unloading components.

IMPROVED COVARIANCE DRIVEN BLIND SUBSPACE IDENTIFICATION METHOD

An improved covariance driven subspace identification method is presented to identify the weakly excited modes. In this method, the traditional Hankel matrix is replaced by a reformed one to enhance the identifiability of weak characteristics. The robustness of eigenparameter estimation to noise contamination is reinforced by the improved Hankel matrix, in combination with component energy index （CEI） which indicates the vibration intensity of signal components, an alternative stabilization diagram is adopted to effectively separate spurious and physical modes. Simulation of a vibration system of multiple-degree-of-freedom and experiment of a frame structure subject to wind excitation are presented to demonstrate the improvement of the proposed blind method. The performance of this blind method is assessed in terms of its capability in extracting the weak modes as well as the accuracy of estimated parameters. The results have shown that the proposed blind method gives a better estimation of the weak modes from response signals of small signal to noise ratio （SNR）and gives a reliable separation of spurious and physical estimates.

原油成分分析方法的研究进展

综述了国内外关于原油成分,包括饱和烃、芳香烃、胶质及沥青质等的主要分析方法,指出了各分析方法的特点与不足,展望了这些分析方法在原油成分分析中的应用前景(引用文献32篇)。

两点法确定混胺中两组分的电位滴定终点

利用两点法确定了液体推进剂混胺中两组分——三乙胺和二甲苯胺的电位滴定终点,并与常规的弧切作图法和二阶微分法确定的滴定终点进行了配对t检验,显示结果之间不存在显著差异,或可予校正。两点法简单快速,结果可靠,特别适宜于大量样品的快速分析。

支持MCO的算法组件化设计与调度方法

多方法协作优化是解决复杂系统优化问题的一种有效途径,但在实际应用中,算法开发以及算法调度运行不能有效支持多方法协作优化方案的自动执行。为此,通过分析面向对象的组件技术,提出一种基于组件的优化算法,给出优化算法组件的接口规范及其运行机制,在优化算法组件化设计的基础上,借鉴并行分布计算领域中有向无环图调度的思想,提出多方法协作优化方案的调度运行算法,并通过一个算例演示该调度算法的一般过程。

Fault diagnosis and protection of motors in coal shearer

Symmetrical components method is employed in analysis of the characteristic motor faults.Motor protection method is put forward based on detecting positive sequence,negative sequence and zero sequence current.And problems of lack of motor overload capacity in existing mining motor protection system,impact of dynamic current on stage and definite-time delay operation and inaccuracy of criterion phase failure protection are analyzed.The unbalanced faults protection and inverse-time overload protection,which can make protection time change with the current movement,are proposed.The above problems can be solved,and the reliability and intelligent of coal shearer are improved.

钛基材料中元素分析方法研究进展

综述了钛基材料中组分元素测定方法的近年研究进展情况,涉及分析方法有原子发射光谱法、原子吸收光谱法、分光光度法、滴定法、X射线荧光光谱法、质谱法、红外/热导法等(引用文献73篇)。

NEW OPTIMAL LARGE ANGLE MANEUVER STRATEGY FOR SINGLE FLEXIBLE LINK

A component synthesis vibration suppression (CSVS) method for flexible structures is put forward. It can eliminate any unwanted orders of flexible vibration modes while achieves desired rigid motion. This method has robustness to uncertainty of frequency, which makes it practical in engineering. Several time optimal and time-fuel optimal control strategies are designed for a kind of single flexible link. Simulation results validate the feasibility of our method.

构件化嵌入式操作系统设计

在讨论构件机制的基础上,利用分层的设计模式对嵌入式操作系统进行功能结构的划分,并使用构件机制完成各层中功能模块的设计。对于分层的设计模式与构件机制的使用可能带来的一些异构构件的组装问题加以解决,并使用形式化方法对构件进行描述,在一定程度上有利于提高嵌入式系统的可靠性、可重用性、可维护性,使得构件技术在嵌入式系统中充分发挥其优势。

Electric Power Quality Analysis 6-10/0.4 kV Distribution Networks

The paper reports quality analysis and evaluation at 6 - 10/0.4 kV low-voltage distribution grids in Uzbekistan. Power quality frequently does not correspond to the rated value which is largely due to unbalanced phase loading in grids and which also results in increased power loss. The study of the asymmetrical operating modes of the rural distribution networks of 0.4 kV was conducted in three steps: measurement, calculations and analysis of relevant data;providing practical guidelines and finally, implementing instruments to normalize grid operation. Measuring was conducted using certified instrumentation analyzer “MALIKA” designed by authors. The study and analysis of additional power losses as the function of indicators of asymmetrical features of voltage and current in operating 0.4 kV grids reveals that, quality of electric power at grids under investigation, merely does not meet the requirements of the Interstate Standard.

Consistency evaluation of the current distribution of short-circuit tests in AT feeding systems for high-speed railways

To improve the accuracy of fault location system, several short-circuit tests need to be conducted before being brought into service in autotransformer （AT） feeding systems for high-speed railways in China. However, no systematic algorithm yet exists to evaluate the consistency of the current distribution of short-circuit tests. A methodology is proposed in this paper to address this problem. Based on Kirchhoff’s current law and the generalized method of symmetrical components, the current deviations of the AT feeding systems are analysed and then normalized with the short-circuit current as they vary greatly with systems and short-circuit sites. It is also found that the short-circuit current varies with the calculation methods, and its unbiased standard deviation also reflects the consistency of the short-circuit test. The mean and maximum of the current deviations, as well as the unbiased standard deviation of the short-circuit current, show the consistency of the short-circuit test from different aspects,although the last two items are highly relevant. Therefore, a unified evaluation index is defined as the sum of the three items, and then applied in two case studies to test its performance. The results show that, the proposed index canclearly distinguish the consistency of the short-circuit tests and may be used to sort the short-circuit tests for fault location systems. Besides, some short-circuit tests may have very poor consistency indices, and thus are not applicable to the tuning of fault location systems. In the authors’ opinion, the determination of the threshold of the proposed index needs further investigation.

WebGIS系统架构实现方法研究

服务多样性和系统复杂性使得网络地理信息系统(Web geographic information system,WebGIS)的实现面临更多挑战,良好的系统架构实现方法能提高系统应用价值。梳理了WebGIS系统架构实现方法的主要研究进展,即组件式、面向服务架构、基于开源平台和基于地理信息公共服务平台API等4大类集成方法,归纳了存在的关键问题,提出了运用云计算、智能信息处理等技术解决思路。

Localization of Oscillation Source in DC Distribution Network Based on Power Spectral Density

Direct current(DC)bus voltage stability is essential for the stable and reliable operation of a DC system.If an oscillation source can be quickly and accurately localized,the oscillation can be adequately eliminated.We propose a method based on the power spectral density for identifying the voltage oscillation source.Specifically,a DC distribution network model combined with the component connection method is developed,and the network is separated into multiple power modules.Compared with a conventional method,the proposed method does not require determining the model parameters of the entire power grid,which is typically challenging.Furthermore,combined with a novel judgment index,the oscillation source can be identified more intuitively and clearly to enhance the applicability to real power grids.The performance of the proposed method has been evaluated using the MATLAB/Simulink software and PLECS RT Box experimental platform.The simulation and experimental results verify that the proposed method can accurately identify oscillation sources in a DC distribution network.

Development of component stiffness equations for thread-fixed one-side bolt connections to an enclosed rectangular hollow section column under tension

The derivation and validation of analytical equations for predicting the tensile initial stiffness of threadfixed one-side bolts(TOBs),connected to enclosed rectangular hollow section(RHS)columns,is presented in this paper.Two unknown stiffness components are considered:the TOBs connection and the enclosed RHS face.First,the trapezoidal thread of TOB,as an equivalent cantilevered beam subjected to uniformly distributed loads,is analyzed to determine the associated deformations.Based on the findings,the thread-shank serial-parallel stiffness model of TOB connection is proposed.For analysis of the tensile stiffness of the enclosed RHS face due to two bolt forces,the four sidewalls are treated as rotation constraints,thus reducing the problem to a two-dimensional plate analysis.According to the load superposition method,the deflection of the face plate is resolved into three components under various boundary and load conditions.Referring to the plate deflection theory of Timoshenko,the analytical solutions for the three deflections are derived in terms of the variables of bolt spacing,RHS thickness,height to width ratio,etc.Finally,the validity of the above stiffness equations is verified by a series of finite element(FE)models of T-stub substructures.The proposed component stiffness equations are an effective supplement to the component-based method.

Modeling of semi-rigid beam-to-column steel joints under extreme loading

Joints play an important role in providing ductility for steel-composite structures subject to extreme loading conditions,such as blast,fire and impact.Due to sound energy dissipation capability and fabrication efficiency,semi-rigid joints have increasingly received attention during the last decade.This paper presents a component approach for modeling semi-rigid beam-to-column joints based on Eurocode3,where the post-elastic response,including component strain hardening and ultimate rotational capacity,is also considered.Failure criteria are defined based on the ultimate deformation capacity of components and bolt-rows.The model enables a direct integration of joint response into global frame models with the consideration of axial deformability,such that the interaction between bending moment and axial force within the joints can be realistically captured.In addition,elevated temperature can be considered in the joint model via the degradation of the component response.Through comparisons with available test data,the joint model is shown to have good accuracy,and the failure criteria are found to be reliable yet conservative.The strain hardening response of components is shown to have significant influence on the ultimate bending capacity of the joints,while neglecting it usually leads to a conservative prediction.

Structural Nonlinear Flutter Characteristics Analysis for an Actuator-fin System with Dynamic Stiffness

The flutter characteristics of an actuator-fin system are investigated with structural nonlinearity and dynamic stiffness of the electric motor. The component mode substitution method is used to establish the nonlinear governing equations in time domain and frequency domain based on the fundamental dynamic equations of the electric motor and decelerator. The existing describing function method and a proposed iterative method are used to obtain the flutter characteristics containing preload freeplay nonlinearity when the control command is zero. A comparison between the results of frequency domain and those of time domain is studied. Simulations are carried out when the control command is not zero and further analysis is conducted when the freeplay angle is changed. The results show that structural nonlinearity and dynamic stiffness have a significant influence on the flutter characteristics. Limit cycle oscillations （LCOs） are observed within linear flutter boundary. The response of the actuator-fin system is related to the initial disturbance. In the nonlinear condition, the amplitude of the control command has an influence on the flutter characteristics.