The wetting behavior of molten Cu on the B_(4)C-xTiB_(2)ceramic composites was investigated in this work.The results show that the contact angle of molten Cu alloy on B_(4)C-TiB_(2)ceramic composites is linear with th...The wetting behavior of molten Cu on the B_(4)C-xTiB_(2)ceramic composites was investigated in this work.The results show that the contact angle of molten Cu alloy on B_(4)C-TiB_(2)ceramic composites is linear with the composition rate of TiB_(2)or B_(4)C while the temperature is in the range of 1300 to 1350℃,consistent with the expectation of the commonly used theoretical method.However,a nonlinear relationship between the contact angle and the composition rate unexpectedly occurred at temperatures ranging from 1400 to 1500℃.The big difference of the contact angles between the molten metal and the components in the composites was found to be the key point.This result identifies that the commonly used theoretical method only works at a limited difference of the contact angle of the liquid on the different phases in the composites,and fails at a big difference.展开更多
The Test for English Majors Band-4（TEM4） is annually taken for the second year students in China and it is based on the requirement of English teaching syllabus for English majors. This paper has collected some of s...The Test for English Majors Band-4（TEM4） is annually taken for the second year students in China and it is based on the requirement of English teaching syllabus for English majors. This paper has collected some of students＇ compositions of TEM-4, and according to the score evaluation of the syllabus as well as TEM-4, the paper aims to analyze students＇ errors and find out their reasons behind in order to improve students＇ writing capacity in TEM-4.展开更多
以硝酸铈和尿素为原料,1,3,5苯三甲酸为配体,采用简单的静电自组装法合成了铈金属有机框架(Ce-BTC)和石墨相氮化碳(g-C_(3)N_(4))的复合材料(Ce-BTC/g-C_(3)N_(4)),用于二氧化碳还原制一氧化碳的研究,并探索Ce-BTC的复合对g-C_(3)N_(4)...以硝酸铈和尿素为原料,1,3,5苯三甲酸为配体,采用简单的静电自组装法合成了铈金属有机框架(Ce-BTC)和石墨相氮化碳(g-C_(3)N_(4))的复合材料(Ce-BTC/g-C_(3)N_(4)),用于二氧化碳还原制一氧化碳的研究,并探索Ce-BTC的复合对g-C_(3)N_(4)性能的影响机制。利用X射线衍射、红外光谱、扫描电子显微镜、紫外-可见光吸收光谱、荧光光谱、阻抗、光电流测试和CO_(2)还原性能测试对复合材料的结构、形貌、光电学性能及催化性能进行研究。结果表明Ce-BTC与g-C_(3)N_(4)的复合可能使得g-C_(3)N_(4)层间距发生改变,在细化晶体颗粒的同时提高样品比表面积,使复合样品获得更高的可见光捕获能力且载流子的分离效率更高;在仅加入1 mL H2O作为质子提供源的前提下,Ce-BTC/g-C_(3)N_(4)-3拥有最优光催化性能。CO产率为19.02μmol/(h·g),是g-C_(3)N_(4)的2.25倍,循环测试后催化性能基本保持稳定。展开更多
Inorganic lead halide perovskite nanocrystals(NCs)with superior photoelectric properties are expected to have excellent performance in many fields.However,the anion exchange changes their features and is unfavorable f...Inorganic lead halide perovskite nanocrystals(NCs)with superior photoelectric properties are expected to have excellent performance in many fields.However,the anion exchange changes their features and is unfavorable for their applications in many fields.Hence,impeding anion exchange is important for improving the composition stability of inorganic lead halide perovskite NCs.Herein,CsPb X3(X=Cl,Br)NCs are coated with Cs4PbX6 shell to impede anion exchange and reduce anion mobility.The Cs4PbX6 shell is facily fabricated on CsPbX3 NCs through high temperature injection method.Anion exchange experiments demonstrate that the Cs4 PbX6 shell completely encapsulates CsPbX3 NCs and greatly improves the composition stability of CsPbX3 NCs.Moreover,our work also sheds light on the potential design approaches of various heterostructures to expand the application of CsPbM3(M=Cl,Br,I)NCs.展开更多
Test anxiety, which means individuals show excessive worry, nervousness and anxiety in examination contexts, is becoming a more and more common phenomenon. A moderate level of test anxiety will motivate students while...Test anxiety, which means individuals show excessive worry, nervousness and anxiety in examination contexts, is becoming a more and more common phenomenon. A moderate level of test anxiety will motivate students while a too high or too low level of test anxiety will influence students’ academic performance and their cognitive abilities. Most present researches are focused on secondary school students or on the final exam of a specific school. Few researches on college students and standard tests can be found. Therefore, the researcher took 255 college students as samples to investigate the test anxiety level of non-English majors, their attitudes towards different test tasks (ATDTT) and the correlation between them. The results of the research are as follows: Firstly, the students from non-English majors are at the lower of a moderate test anxiety level in CET-4 and there is no significant gender difference. Secondly, among the four sections in CET-4, students are most positive in writing, less positive in translation and reading, and the least positive in listening. Thirdly, students’ ATDTT in CET-4 are negatively correlated with total test anxiety, cognitive anxiety and emotional anxiety. The researcher hopes this research can offer some help to teachers and students in need.展开更多
Effects of interlayer composition on bonding strength and interfacial microstructure of green joined CePO_4-ZrO_2 ceramics were studied. Green bodies of 25%CePO_4/ZrO_2 and ZrO_2 ceramics were joined by using interlay...Effects of interlayer composition on bonding strength and interfacial microstructure of green joined CePO_4-ZrO_2 ceramics were studied. Green bodies of 25%CePO_4/ZrO_2 and ZrO_2 ceramics were joined by using interlayer composed of CePO_4 and ZrO_2 at 1450 ℃ for 120 min without applied pressure.The effects of CePO_4/(CePO_4+ZrO_2) ratio on the bond strength of the joints were investigated. Under the experimental conditions, the grain size of the particles grown in the joint is smaller than those in joined ceramics. The microstructure of the joint is more homogeneous than that of the matrix and without obvious cracks, pores and other defects.展开更多
The composition and structure of Ti 6Al 4V alloy plasma based ion implanted with nitrogen was investigated.The nitrogen depth distribution shows more antiballistic with distribution peak heightened with increased i...The composition and structure of Ti 6Al 4V alloy plasma based ion implanted with nitrogen was investigated.The nitrogen depth distribution shows more antiballistic with distribution peak heightened with increased implantation time(dose),and more like a parabola at the low implantation pulse voltage.When implantation pulse voltage is increased,the implantation depth increased with the nitrogen distribution peak being deepened,widened and lowered somewhat.TiN,TiN+Ti 2N,or Ti 2N second phases were formed in the implanted layer.The relative percentage of nitrogen content in the form of TiN increases when going deeper into the implanted(TiN formed) layer.The increase of implantation pulse width and/or time is favourable for the formation of TiN rather than Ti 2N.It is unfavourable for formation of any nitrides when implantation pulse voltage is decreased to 30kV or less.Tiny crystalline particles (made mainly of Ti 2N and a smaller percentage of TiO 2 phases) of regular shapes such as triangle and tetragon, etc .(about 20 nm) are found distrbuted dispersively in the near surface region of samples implanted at the high implantation pulse voltage (75kV).展开更多
MnxCd1-xln2Te4 (x=0.1) ingot was successfully grown by the modified Bridgman technique, which applied the accelerated crucible rotation technique (ACRT) in Bridgman process, or briefly ACRT-B. The growth interface pro...MnxCd1-xln2Te4 (x=0.1) ingot was successfully grown by the modified Bridgman technique, which applied the accelerated crucible rotation technique (ACRT) in Bridgman process, or briefly ACRT-B. The growth interface profile shape and the composition distribution in the MnxCd1-xln2Te4 (x=0.1) ingot were analyzed. Even though the stoichiometric composition was synthesized in the original ingot, the composition has been redistributed during the ACRT-B growth process. Mn and Cd contents decrease while In increases along the longitudinal axis. The partition ratios of solutes Mn, Cd and In at the growth interface are evaluated by a mathematical method based on the experimental data, which are found to be 1.286, 1.926 and 0.729 in α phase growth process, and 1.120, 1.055 and 0.985 in β phase growth process, respectively. In the radial direction, Mn and Cd contents increase while In decreases with the distance from the centerline of the ingot.展开更多
A Y2O3 particle enhanced Ni/TiC composite coating was fabricated in-situ on a TC4 Ti alloy by laser surface cladding. The phase component, microstructure, composition distribution and properties of the composite layer...A Y2O3 particle enhanced Ni/TiC composite coating was fabricated in-situ on a TC4 Ti alloy by laser surface cladding. The phase component, microstructure, composition distribution and properties of the composite layer were investigated. The composite layer has graded microstructures and compositions, due to the fast melting followed by rapid solidification and cooling during laser cladding. The TiC powders are completely dissolved into the melted layer during melting and segregated as fine dendrites when solidified. The size of TiC dendrites decreases with increasing depth. Y2O3 fine particles distribute in the whole clad layer. The Y2O3 particle enhanced Ni/TiC composite layer has a quite uniform hardness along depth with a maximum value of HV1380, which is 4 times higher than the initial hardness. The wear resistance of the Ti alloy is significantly improved after laser cladding due to the high hardness of the composite coating.展开更多
Magnetic Cu^0/Fe3O4 submicron composites were prepared using a hydrothermal method and used as heterogeneous catalysts for the activation of peroxymonosulfate（PMS） and the degradation of organic pollutants.The as-pr...Magnetic Cu^0/Fe3O4 submicron composites were prepared using a hydrothermal method and used as heterogeneous catalysts for the activation of peroxymonosulfate（PMS） and the degradation of organic pollutants.The as-prepared magnetic Cu^0/Fe3O4 submicron composites were composed of Cu^0 and Fe3O4 crystals and had an average size of approximately 220 nm.The Cu^0/Fe3O4 composites could efficiently catalyze the activation of PMS to generate singlet oxygen,and thus induced the rapid degradation of rhodamine B,methylene blue,orange Ⅱ,phenol and 4-chlorophenol.The use of0.1 g/L of the Cu^0/Fe3O4 composites induced the complete removal of rhodamine B（20 μmol/L） in15 min,methylene blue（20 μmol/L） in 5 min,orange Ⅱ（20 μmol/L） in 10 min,phenol（0.1mmol/L） in 30 min and 4-chlorophenol（0.1 mmol/L） in 15 min with an initial pH value of 7.0 and a PMS concentration of 0.5 mmol/L.The total organic carbon（TOC） removal higher than 85%for all of these five pollutants was obtained in 30 min when the PMS concentration was 2.5 mmol/L.The rate of degradation was considerably higher than that obtained with Cu^0 or Fe3O4 particles alone.The enhanced catalytic activity of the Cu^0/Fe3O4 composites in the activation of PMS was attributed to the synergistic effect of the Cu^0 and Fe3O4 crystals in the composites.Singlet oxygen was identified as the primary reactive oxygen species responsible for pollutant degradation by electron spin resonance and radical quenching experiments.A possible mechanism for the activation of PMS by Cu^0/Fe3O4 composites is proposed as electron transfer from the organic pollutants to PMS induces the activation of PMS to generate ^1O2,which induces the degradation of the organic pollutants.As a magnetic catalyst,the Cu^0/Fe3O4 composites were easily recovered by magnetic separation,and exhibited excellent stability over five successive degradation cycles.The present study provides a facile and green heterogeneous catalysis method for the oxidative removal of organic pollutants.展开更多
A sophisticated stir casting route to fabricate large scale AA6061-31%B4C composite was developed. Key process parameters were studied, microstructure and mechanical properties of the composite were investigated. The ...A sophisticated stir casting route to fabricate large scale AA6061-31%B4C composite was developed. Key process parameters were studied, microstructure and mechanical properties of the composite were investigated. The results indicated that vacuum stirring/casting, B4C/Mg feeding and ingots cooling were essential to the successful fabrication of AA6061-31%B4C composite. Chemical erosion examination verified the designed B4 C content; X-ray fluorescence spectrometer（XFS） showed the chemical composition of Mg and Si in the matrix conformed to industry standards; scanning electronic microscope（SEM） and X-ray diffraction（XRD） revealed that B4 C particles were evenly distributed in the composites with well dispersed Mg2Si precipitates. Tensile testing results showed that the AA6061-31%B4C composite had a tensile strength of 340 MPa, improved by 112.5% compared with AA1100-31%B4C composite, which is attributed to the enhanced strength of the matrix alloy.展开更多
A SiC/ZrSiO4？SiO2 （SZS） coating was successfully fabricated on the carbon/carbon （C/C） composites by pack cementation, slurry painting and sintering to improve the anti-oxidation property and thermal shock r...A SiC/ZrSiO4？SiO2 （SZS） coating was successfully fabricated on the carbon/carbon （C/C） composites by pack cementation, slurry painting and sintering to improve the anti-oxidation property and thermal shock resistance. The anti-oxidation properties under different oxygen partial pressures （OPP） and thermal shock resistance of the SZS coating were investigated. The results show that the SZS coated sample under low OPP, corresponding to the ambient air, during isothermal oxidation was 0.54% in mass gain after 111 h oxidation at 1500 ° C and less than 0.03% in mass loss after 50 h oxidation in high OPP, corresponding to the air flow rate of 36 L/h. Additionally, the residual compressive strengths （RCS） of the SZS coated samples after oxidation for 50 h in high OPP and 80 h in low OPP remain about 70% and 72.5% of those of original C/C samples, respectively. Moreover, the mass loss of SZS coated samples subjected to the thermal cycle from 1500 ° C in high OPP to boiling water for 30 times was merely 1.61%.展开更多
LiFePO4-Li3V2（PO4）3 composites were synthesized by solid-hydrothermal method and by ball milling,respectively.The electrochemical performance of the solid-hydrothermally obtained materials（C-LFVP） was significantl...LiFePO4-Li3V2（PO4）3 composites were synthesized by solid-hydrothermal method and by ball milling,respectively.The electrochemical performance of the solid-hydrothermally obtained materials（C-LFVP） was significantly improved compared with LiFePO4（LFP） and Li3V2（PO4）3（LVP）,and it was also much better than that of the ball-milled LiFePO4-Li3V2（PO4）3（P-LFVP）.C-LFVP and P-LFVP both had four REDOX peaks（voltage plateaus）,which coincided with that of LFP and LVP.Some new trace substances were found in C-LFVP which had more perfect morphology,this was responsible for the better electrochemical performance of C-LFVP than P-LFVP.展开更多
基金Funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51521001,51832003,and 51911530153)。
文摘The wetting behavior of molten Cu on the B_(4)C-xTiB_(2)ceramic composites was investigated in this work.The results show that the contact angle of molten Cu alloy on B_(4)C-TiB_(2)ceramic composites is linear with the composition rate of TiB_(2)or B_(4)C while the temperature is in the range of 1300 to 1350℃,consistent with the expectation of the commonly used theoretical method.However,a nonlinear relationship between the contact angle and the composition rate unexpectedly occurred at temperatures ranging from 1400 to 1500℃.The big difference of the contact angles between the molten metal and the components in the composites was found to be the key point.This result identifies that the commonly used theoretical method only works at a limited difference of the contact angle of the liquid on the different phases in the composites,and fails at a big difference.
文摘The Test for English Majors Band-4（TEM4） is annually taken for the second year students in China and it is based on the requirement of English teaching syllabus for English majors. This paper has collected some of students＇ compositions of TEM-4, and according to the score evaluation of the syllabus as well as TEM-4, the paper aims to analyze students＇ errors and find out their reasons behind in order to improve students＇ writing capacity in TEM-4.
文摘以硝酸铈和尿素为原料,1,3,5苯三甲酸为配体,采用简单的静电自组装法合成了铈金属有机框架(Ce-BTC)和石墨相氮化碳(g-C_(3)N_(4))的复合材料(Ce-BTC/g-C_(3)N_(4)),用于二氧化碳还原制一氧化碳的研究,并探索Ce-BTC的复合对g-C_(3)N_(4)性能的影响机制。利用X射线衍射、红外光谱、扫描电子显微镜、紫外-可见光吸收光谱、荧光光谱、阻抗、光电流测试和CO_(2)还原性能测试对复合材料的结构、形貌、光电学性能及催化性能进行研究。结果表明Ce-BTC与g-C_(3)N_(4)的复合可能使得g-C_(3)N_(4)层间距发生改变,在细化晶体颗粒的同时提高样品比表面积,使复合样品获得更高的可见光捕获能力且载流子的分离效率更高;在仅加入1 mL H2O作为质子提供源的前提下,Ce-BTC/g-C_(3)N_(4)-3拥有最优光催化性能。CO产率为19.02μmol/(h·g),是g-C_(3)N_(4)的2.25倍,循环测试后催化性能基本保持稳定。
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11474018,61704007,and 61575019)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2017YFB0404501)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(Grant No.2017RC034)the Shenzhen China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co.,Ltd
文摘Inorganic lead halide perovskite nanocrystals(NCs)with superior photoelectric properties are expected to have excellent performance in many fields.However,the anion exchange changes their features and is unfavorable for their applications in many fields.Hence,impeding anion exchange is important for improving the composition stability of inorganic lead halide perovskite NCs.Herein,CsPb X3(X=Cl,Br)NCs are coated with Cs4PbX6 shell to impede anion exchange and reduce anion mobility.The Cs4PbX6 shell is facily fabricated on CsPbX3 NCs through high temperature injection method.Anion exchange experiments demonstrate that the Cs4 PbX6 shell completely encapsulates CsPbX3 NCs and greatly improves the composition stability of CsPbX3 NCs.Moreover,our work also sheds light on the potential design approaches of various heterostructures to expand the application of CsPbM3(M=Cl,Br,I)NCs.
文摘Test anxiety, which means individuals show excessive worry, nervousness and anxiety in examination contexts, is becoming a more and more common phenomenon. A moderate level of test anxiety will motivate students while a too high or too low level of test anxiety will influence students’ academic performance and their cognitive abilities. Most present researches are focused on secondary school students or on the final exam of a specific school. Few researches on college students and standard tests can be found. Therefore, the researcher took 255 college students as samples to investigate the test anxiety level of non-English majors, their attitudes towards different test tasks (ATDTT) and the correlation between them. The results of the research are as follows: Firstly, the students from non-English majors are at the lower of a moderate test anxiety level in CET-4 and there is no significant gender difference. Secondly, among the four sections in CET-4, students are most positive in writing, less positive in translation and reading, and the least positive in listening. Thirdly, students’ ATDTT in CET-4 are negatively correlated with total test anxiety, cognitive anxiety and emotional anxiety. The researcher hopes this research can offer some help to teachers and students in need.
文摘Effects of interlayer composition on bonding strength and interfacial microstructure of green joined CePO_4-ZrO_2 ceramics were studied. Green bodies of 25%CePO_4/ZrO_2 and ZrO_2 ceramics were joined by using interlayer composed of CePO_4 and ZrO_2 at 1450 ℃ for 120 min without applied pressure.The effects of CePO_4/(CePO_4+ZrO_2) ratio on the bond strength of the joints were investigated. Under the experimental conditions, the grain size of the particles grown in the joint is smaller than those in joined ceramics. The microstructure of the joint is more homogeneous than that of the matrix and without obvious cracks, pores and other defects.
文摘The composition and structure of Ti 6Al 4V alloy plasma based ion implanted with nitrogen was investigated.The nitrogen depth distribution shows more antiballistic with distribution peak heightened with increased implantation time(dose),and more like a parabola at the low implantation pulse voltage.When implantation pulse voltage is increased,the implantation depth increased with the nitrogen distribution peak being deepened,widened and lowered somewhat.TiN,TiN+Ti 2N,or Ti 2N second phases were formed in the implanted layer.The relative percentage of nitrogen content in the form of TiN increases when going deeper into the implanted(TiN formed) layer.The increase of implantation pulse width and/or time is favourable for the formation of TiN rather than Ti 2N.It is unfavourable for formation of any nitrides when implantation pulse voltage is decreased to 30kV or less.Tiny crystalline particles (made mainly of Ti 2N and a smaller percentage of TiO 2 phases) of regular shapes such as triangle and tetragon, etc .(about 20 nm) are found distrbuted dispersively in the near surface region of samples implanted at the high implantation pulse voltage (75kV).
基金This research is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under the contract No.59872027 and 59825109.
文摘MnxCd1-xln2Te4 (x=0.1) ingot was successfully grown by the modified Bridgman technique, which applied the accelerated crucible rotation technique (ACRT) in Bridgman process, or briefly ACRT-B. The growth interface profile shape and the composition distribution in the MnxCd1-xln2Te4 (x=0.1) ingot were analyzed. Even though the stoichiometric composition was synthesized in the original ingot, the composition has been redistributed during the ACRT-B growth process. Mn and Cd contents decrease while In increases along the longitudinal axis. The partition ratios of solutes Mn, Cd and In at the growth interface are evaluated by a mathematical method based on the experimental data, which are found to be 1.286, 1.926 and 0.729 in α phase growth process, and 1.120, 1.055 and 0.985 in β phase growth process, respectively. In the radial direction, Mn and Cd contents increase while In decreases with the distance from the centerline of the ingot.
文摘针对DAP-4摩擦感度较高的特点,采用非水溶剂的原位包覆方法,以微晶蜡(microcrystalline wax,MW)为包覆层,制备DAP-4/MW复合物。对DAP-4包覆前后的形貌和结构进行表征,分析DAP-4/MW复合物的热分解行为,并对其感度性能进行测试。结果表明:MW可很好地包覆在DAP-4表面;MW的原位包覆使DAP-4的初始热分解温度提前,当MW含量从1%增加到5%时,DAP-4在不同升温速率下的分解温度均呈现下降趋势,活化能(nergy of activation,Ea)呈先降低后增加趋势,少量加入MW可降低DAP-4的Ea;当MW原位包覆含量为5%时,样品DAP-4/MW 5%的摩擦感度(20%)和撞击感度(0)较DAP-4的摩感(100%)撞感(15%)显著降低,微晶蜡的原位包覆可有效提升DAP-4的安全性。
基金Projects (51101096, 51002093) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject (1052nm05000) supported by Special Foundation of the Shanghai Science and Technology Commission for Nano-Materials ResearchProject (J51042) supported by Leading Academic Discipline Project of the Shanghai Education Commission, China
文摘A Y2O3 particle enhanced Ni/TiC composite coating was fabricated in-situ on a TC4 Ti alloy by laser surface cladding. The phase component, microstructure, composition distribution and properties of the composite layer were investigated. The composite layer has graded microstructures and compositions, due to the fast melting followed by rapid solidification and cooling during laser cladding. The TiC powders are completely dissolved into the melted layer during melting and segregated as fine dendrites when solidified. The size of TiC dendrites decreases with increasing depth. Y2O3 fine particles distribute in the whole clad layer. The Y2O3 particle enhanced Ni/TiC composite layer has a quite uniform hardness along depth with a maximum value of HV1380, which is 4 times higher than the initial hardness. The wear resistance of the Ti alloy is significantly improved after laser cladding due to the high hardness of the composite coating.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21377169, 21507168)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (CZW15078)the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province of China (2014CFC1119, 2015CFB505)~~
文摘Magnetic Cu^0/Fe3O4 submicron composites were prepared using a hydrothermal method and used as heterogeneous catalysts for the activation of peroxymonosulfate（PMS） and the degradation of organic pollutants.The as-prepared magnetic Cu^0/Fe3O4 submicron composites were composed of Cu^0 and Fe3O4 crystals and had an average size of approximately 220 nm.The Cu^0/Fe3O4 composites could efficiently catalyze the activation of PMS to generate singlet oxygen,and thus induced the rapid degradation of rhodamine B,methylene blue,orange Ⅱ,phenol and 4-chlorophenol.The use of0.1 g/L of the Cu^0/Fe3O4 composites induced the complete removal of rhodamine B（20 μmol/L） in15 min,methylene blue（20 μmol/L） in 5 min,orange Ⅱ（20 μmol/L） in 10 min,phenol（0.1mmol/L） in 30 min and 4-chlorophenol（0.1 mmol/L） in 15 min with an initial pH value of 7.0 and a PMS concentration of 0.5 mmol/L.The total organic carbon（TOC） removal higher than 85%for all of these five pollutants was obtained in 30 min when the PMS concentration was 2.5 mmol/L.The rate of degradation was considerably higher than that obtained with Cu^0 or Fe3O4 particles alone.The enhanced catalytic activity of the Cu^0/Fe3O4 composites in the activation of PMS was attributed to the synergistic effect of the Cu^0 and Fe3O4 crystals in the composites.Singlet oxygen was identified as the primary reactive oxygen species responsible for pollutant degradation by electron spin resonance and radical quenching experiments.A possible mechanism for the activation of PMS by Cu^0/Fe3O4 composites is proposed as electron transfer from the organic pollutants to PMS induces the activation of PMS to generate ^1O2,which induces the degradation of the organic pollutants.As a magnetic catalyst,the Cu^0/Fe3O4 composites were easily recovered by magnetic separation,and exhibited excellent stability over five successive degradation cycles.The present study provides a facile and green heterogeneous catalysis method for the oxidative removal of organic pollutants.
基金founded by Joint Laboratory of Nuclear Materials and Service Safety (2013966003),China
文摘A sophisticated stir casting route to fabricate large scale AA6061-31%B4C composite was developed. Key process parameters were studied, microstructure and mechanical properties of the composite were investigated. The results indicated that vacuum stirring/casting, B4C/Mg feeding and ingots cooling were essential to the successful fabrication of AA6061-31%B4C composite. Chemical erosion examination verified the designed B4 C content; X-ray fluorescence spectrometer（XFS） showed the chemical composition of Mg and Si in the matrix conformed to industry standards; scanning electronic microscope（SEM） and X-ray diffraction（XRD） revealed that B4 C particles were evenly distributed in the composites with well dispersed Mg2Si precipitates. Tensile testing results showed that the AA6061-31%B4C composite had a tensile strength of 340 MPa, improved by 112.5% compared with AA1100-31%B4C composite, which is attributed to the enhanced strength of the matrix alloy.
基金Project supported by the Nonferrous Metal Oriented Advanced Structural Materials and Manufacturing Cooperative Innovation Center,ChinaProject(51205417)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘A SiC/ZrSiO4？SiO2 （SZS） coating was successfully fabricated on the carbon/carbon （C/C） composites by pack cementation, slurry painting and sintering to improve the anti-oxidation property and thermal shock resistance. The anti-oxidation properties under different oxygen partial pressures （OPP） and thermal shock resistance of the SZS coating were investigated. The results show that the SZS coated sample under low OPP, corresponding to the ambient air, during isothermal oxidation was 0.54% in mass gain after 111 h oxidation at 1500 ° C and less than 0.03% in mass loss after 50 h oxidation in high OPP, corresponding to the air flow rate of 36 L/h. Additionally, the residual compressive strengths （RCS） of the SZS coated samples after oxidation for 50 h in high OPP and 80 h in low OPP remain about 70% and 72.5% of those of original C/C samples, respectively. Moreover, the mass loss of SZS coated samples subjected to the thermal cycle from 1500 ° C in high OPP to boiling water for 30 times was merely 1.61%.
基金Project (2007BAQ01055) supported by the National Key Technology R&D Programs of ChinaProject (50574063) supported by theNational Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘LiFePO4-Li3V2（PO4）3 composites were synthesized by solid-hydrothermal method and by ball milling,respectively.The electrochemical performance of the solid-hydrothermally obtained materials（C-LFVP） was significantly improved compared with LiFePO4（LFP） and Li3V2（PO4）3（LVP）,and it was also much better than that of the ball-milled LiFePO4-Li3V2（PO4）3（P-LFVP）.C-LFVP and P-LFVP both had four REDOX peaks（voltage plateaus）,which coincided with that of LFP and LVP.Some new trace substances were found in C-LFVP which had more perfect morphology,this was responsible for the better electrochemical performance of C-LFVP than P-LFVP.
