Content Variations of the Secondary Compounds in Rice Plants and Their Influence on Rice Resistance to Brown Planthopper,Nilaparvata lugens

Content variations of the four components in the plants of rice ASD7, IR36 (resistant to brown planthopper) and TN1 (susceptible to brown planthopper), and their influence on rice resistance to brown planthopper (BPH, Nilaparvata lugens) were investigated. The resistance diversity of rice to BPH biotype II at different plant ages was chiefly attributed to the content variability of the secondary compounds. The contents in the leaf sheath were the lowest as compared with other parts of rice plant. It might explain the reason that BPH has a preference for feeding on leaf sheath aggregately from chemical point of view.

MIMO Soft-sensor Model of Nutrient Content for Compound Fertil- izer Based on Hybrid Modeling Technique

In compound fertilizer production,several quality variables need to be monitored and controlled simul- taneously.It is very difficult to measure these variables on-line by existing instruments and sensors.So,soft-sensor technique becomes an indispensable method to implement real-time quality control.In this article,a new model of multi-inputs multi-outputs(MIMO)soft-sensor,which is constructed based on hybrid modeling technique,is pro- posed for these interactional variables.Data-driven modeling method and simplified first principle modeling method are combined in this model.Data-driven modeling method based on limited memory partial least squares (LM-PLS)algorithm is used to build soft-senor models for some secondary variables;then,the simplified first prin- ciple model is used to compute three primary variables on line.The proposed model has been used in practical process;the results indicate that the proposed model is precise and efficient,and it is possible to realize on line quality control for compound fertilizer process.

基于离散元法的潮湿甘蔗复合肥参数标定

为能准确建立潮湿甘蔗复合肥的离散元模型,合理设置仿真参数,提高肥料颗粒动力学仿真结果的准确性,以休止角为响应值,对不同含水率的甘蔗复合肥进行试验研究。通过卸料仓法建立含水率与休止角的三元回归方程,决定系数为0.99;基于Hertz-Mindlin with JKR粘结模型,通过Plackett-Burman试验、爬坡试验和Box-Behnken试验从9个初始参数筛选出JKR表面能、甘蔗复合肥剪切模量、甘蔗复合肥与不锈钢静摩擦系数、甘蔗复合肥间静摩擦系数、甘蔗复合肥间恢复系数5项显著性参数,并建立休止角—离散元参数模型,模型P值小于0.01,变异系数为6.35%;最后,通过对不同含水率下的最佳参数组合进行仿真休止角试验,仿真结果与物理休止角试验的相对误差小于7.66%,验证不同含水率的甘蔗复合肥参数标定结果和研究方法是合理可靠的。研究结果可为基于离散元法的甘蔗施肥机械动力学仿真研究提供参考。

络合滴定法测定复方乳酸依沙吖啶软膏中氧化锌的含量

目的:建立复方乳酸依沙吖啶软膏中氧化锌含量的测定方法。方法:采用络合滴定法对同一批次复方乳酸依沙吖啶软膏供试品进行氧化锌含量测定,对其专属性、线性范围、精密度、准确度实验结果进行数据分析,以判断方法的适用性。结果:本实验方法专属性良好,氧化锌在6.0~56.5 mg质量范围内线性关系良好,线性方程Y=0.245196X+0.050564(r=0.9994);氧化锌检出限为0.13 mg,定量限为0.43 mg;精密度实验氧化锌重复性实验相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.5%(n=6),氧化锌中间精密度RSD为1.3%(n=12);所有加标水平氧化锌平均回收率为100.3%(RSD=2.7%)。结论:该方法简单、快速,测定结果均符合《中华人民共和国药典》2020年版四部通则9101要求,适用于复方乳酸依沙吖啶软膏中氧化锌的含量测定。

我国内墙涂料VOC与SVOC含量的分析及建议

内墙涂料中的VOC和SVOC对室内和环境空气质量都有负面影响,通过产品标准限值管控已成为趋势。但国内尚无定量的内墙涂料SVOC含量限值要求,基于实测的VOC、SVOC含量的协同研究存在空缺。本研究抽选了52个来自不同渠道、厂商、等级的具有代表性的内墙涂料样本,对其VOC和SVOC含量进行了测试分析。结果显示,69%内墙涂料同时检出VOC和SVOC,且VOC含量低于SVOC含量。VOC含量、SVOC含量分别在0~10 g/L、40~50 g/L区间段出现频次最高。一等品中SVOC指标偏高,检出率、含量均大于合格品,添加高沸点助剂情况最为明显。内墙涂料应协同限制VOC和SVOC含量,建议在后续工作中首先明确涂料产品中SVOC及其含量指标定义,将SVOC含量限值纳入内墙涂料产品质量管控指标,并同步开展涂料中活性物质及其对环境空气质量影响的研究。

复方罗布麻颗粒UPLC特征图谱及6个成分含量测定

目的:建立复方罗布麻颗粒的超高效液相色谱法(UPLC)特征图谱,同时对新绿原酸、绿原酸、隐绿原酸、金丝桃苷、异槲皮苷、木犀草苷进行含量测定。方法:以乙腈-0.1%磷酸水溶液为流动相,梯度洗脱,色谱柱为Waters CORTECS T3(100 mm×2.1 mm,1.6μm),流速为0.33 mL·min^(–1),检测波长为360 nm,柱温为30℃。结果:得到15批复方罗布麻颗粒特征图谱,确定特征峰14个,相似度值均大于0.95。新绿原酸、绿原酸、隐绿原酸、金丝桃苷、异槲皮苷、木犀草苷分别在相应质量浓度范围内与其峰面积呈良好线性关系(r≥0.9999);平均回收率分别为99.9%、100.8%、99.9%、97.6%、101.1%、100.6%,RSD均小于2.0%。结论:该方法具有较高的灵敏度、良好的重复性,可为科学、全面地评价和控制复方罗布麻颗粒的质量提供参考。

不同总养分含量的磷酸一铵肥效对比

用总养分质量分数为47%、53%、55%、60%、73%的磷酸一铵分别与尿素、硫酸钾等配制成5种等养分含量(15-15-15)的复合肥(1^(#)~5^(#)),以萝卜为试验对象,通过盆栽试验,考察了5种复合肥对萝卜生长指标和品质指标的影响。结果表明:2^(#)、3^(#)、4^(#)复合肥处理的萝卜生长指标优于1^(#)、5^(#)复合肥处理的;1^(#)~4^(#)复合肥处理的萝卜中维生素C和可溶性糖含量优于5^(#)复合肥处理的。在复合肥生产中,除非受原料配比的影响,建议优选低总养分含量的磷酸一铵为原料。

复方石淋通片质量评价方法研究

目的建立复方石淋通片的质量评价方法。方法色谱柱为Waters Sunfire C_(18)柱(200 mm×4.6 mm,5µm),流动相为乙腈-0.17%磷酸水溶液(梯度洗脱),流速为0.9 mL/min,检测波长分别为327 nm(绿原酸、咖啡酸),334 nm(夏佛塔苷、异夏佛塔苷),240 nm(芒果苷、马钱苷),柱温为35℃,进样量为10µL。以夏佛塔苷峰为参照峰,利用中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统(2012A版)建立10批样品的高效液相色谱(HPLC)指纹图谱,标定、指认共有峰,并进行相似度评价,并采用HPLC法测定6个成分的含量。采用聚类分析和主成分分析对10批样品进行质量评价。结果共标定21个共有峰,指认出其中6个,分别为夏佛塔苷、异夏佛塔苷、绿原酸、咖啡酸、马钱苷、芒果苷;相似度为0.979~0.996。上述6个成分质量浓度分别在13.96~279.3µg/mL、5.468~109.4µg/mL、10.07~201.3µg/mL、2.762~55.24µg/mL、5.390~107.8µg/mL、5.252~105.0µg/mL范围内与峰面积线性关系良好(r>0.9990);精密度、稳定性、重复性试验结果的RSD均小于2.0%;平均加样回收率分别为100.00%,98.43%,99.91%,98.52%,99.35%,99.08%,RSD为0.30%~1.14%(n=6)。10批样品中上述6个成分含量分别为1.595~1.699 mg/g、0.5811~0.6024 mg/g、1.116~1.217 mg/g、0.2994~0.3105 mg/g、0.6022~0.6142 mg/g、0.6017~0.6245 mg/g。10批样品共聚为3类,主成分1-3是影响复方石淋通片质量评价的主要因子。结论所建立的方法结果准确,重复性和稳定性好,特征性强,可用于复方石淋通片的质量控制。

用正交试验法分析四种表面活性剂的复配性能

用正交试验设计法研究月桂醇聚醚硫酸酯钠、十二烷基硫酸钠、椰油酰胺丙基甜菜碱和月桂酰肌氨酸钠复配的最佳使用比例,摸索四种表面活性剂对泡沫、洗后皮肤水分含量及刺激性的影响。结果显示,在给定的因素水平数里,泡沫高度的优方案为AES:13%,K12:4%,CAB:6%,LS30:5%;洗后皮肤水分含量的优方案为AES:14.5%,K12:3%,CAB:6%,LS30:2%;刺激性最小的优方案为AES:11.5%,K12:1%,CAB:6%,LS30:3%。通过试验数据分析可知,AES对泡沫高度和鸡胚试验评分有显著影响;K12对泡沫高度和洗后皮肤水分含量有显著影响;CAB对泡沫高度有影响;而LS30有助于降低鸡胚评分,在3%时效果最好。

注射用透明质酸钠复合溶液中氨基酸含量测定

目的 建立氨基酸分析仪测定注射用透明质酸钠复合溶液中脯氨酸、甘氨酸和丙氨酸含量的方法。方法供试品中的氨基酸经阳离子交换树脂柱分离,于135℃下与茚三酮进行柱后衍生化显色反应,脯氨酸的检测波长为440 nm,其他氨基酸的检测波长为570 nm,外标法计算各氨基酸含量。结果 脯氨酸、甘氨酸和丙氨酸线性范围分别为0.0148~0.074,0.0207~0.103,0.0247~0.1235 mg/ml(r^(2)=0.9998);平均回收率分别为98.2%,98.5%和98.3%,RSD分别为0.55%,0.22%和1.40%;定量限分别为13.28,0.828,0.988μg。结论 方法重现性好、灵敏度高、检测结果准确且操作简单,适用于注射用透明质酸钠复合溶液中氨基酸含量的测定。

土壤中挥发性有机物的种类和含量及其对环境质量的影响研究

本文针对土壤中挥发性有机物(VOCs)的种类、含量进行了详细的探讨,并深入分析了对环境质量的影响。研究表明,VOCs在土壤中的种类和分布主要受其来源和土壤类型的影响。此外,VOCs的含量也受到许多因素,如土壤质地、有机质、温度和湿度等的影响。从环境质量的角度看,VOCs会对空气质量、土壤生物以及人类健康产生潜在风险。

复方氨酚烷胺片质量标准研究

目的完善复方氨酚烷胺片的质量标准,提高质量标准的质量控制水平。方法建立HPLC法测定杂质对氨基酚的含量;建立HPLC法同时测定对乙酰氨基酚、咖啡因和马来酸氯苯那敏的含量;建立HPLC法同时测定咖啡因和马来酸氯苯那敏的含量均匀度。结果所建立的HPLC法测定对氨基酚杂质、含量均匀度及含量测定的方法,其线性关系均良好,准确可靠,重复性较好。按拟定的标准,19批次复方氨酚烷胺片样品中有1批次样品咖啡因含量测定项目不符合规定,有1批次样品咖啡因含量均匀度项目不符合规定。结论本研究提高和完善了复方氨酚烷胺片的质量控制项目,为更全面控制复方氨酚烷胺片的质量提供方法和参考。

HPLC波长切换法同时测定小儿氨酚那敏片中对乙酰氨基酚和马来酸氯苯那敏的含量

目的建立同时测定小儿氨酚那敏片中对乙酰氨基酚和氯苯那敏含量的高效液相色谱法,为提高该药品的质量标准提供依据。方法用HPLC多波长切换法。色谱柱为Shim-pack VP-ODS(150 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为0.025 mol·L^(−1)磷酸盐缓冲液(pH 3.0)-甲醇乙腈(1∶1)溶液(梯度洗脱)。流速为1.0 mL·min^(−1)。检测波长:310 nm(对乙酰氨基酚)、225 nm(氯苯那敏)。柱温为30℃。进样量为10μL。结果对乙酰氨基酚与氯苯那敏的分离度良好,溶剂和辅料均不产生干扰。对乙酰氨基酚在0.58~1.73 mg·mL^(−1)、氯苯那敏在2.50~7.49μg·mL^(−1)范围内与峰面积呈良好线性关系(r≥0.9997);精密度、重复性、稳定性(24 h)实验的RSD值均小于2.0%(n=6);加样回收率分别为98.14%~101.74%、98.00%~101.54%,RSD值均小于2.0%(n=9);耐用性考察符合要求。结论建立的HPLC多波长切换法操作简便、专属性强、稳定性好,可同时测定小儿氨酚那敏片中对乙酰氨基酚和氯苯那敏的含量。

充填密闭材料酸性组分VOC检测方法研究

为了测定充填密闭材料中酸性组分VOC含量,参照GB 18583标准进行了总挥发分和水分含量的研究。通过烘干温度、时间对总挥发分的影响,确定了适宜酸性组分总挥发分测试的试验条件。选择合适的中性剂,测试了充填材料水分含量。在稳定可再现的试验数据的基础上,得出了充填密闭材料酸性组分的VOC含量数据。测试了充填密闭材料酸性组分的VOC值,范围在77.7~206.5 g/L之间。测试结果反映了酸性组分之间有害气体含量差异。探讨的测试方法可用于煤矿用高分子材料产品的VOC含量测试及安全指标评价。

蒙药复方沙棘颗粒剂中甘草酸单铵盐、总黄酮的含量测定

目的:建立蒙药复方沙棘颗粒剂中甘草酸单铵盐、总黄酮的含量测定方法。方法:采用高效液相色谱法,C_(18)(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)为色谱柱,以乙腈-0.05%磷酸溶液(38∶62)为流动相,体积流量为1.0 mL/min,进样量为10μL,在252 nm波长下测定甘草酸单铵盐含量;利用紫外可见分光光度法,以芦丁为对照品,在510 nm波长下检测蒙药复方沙棘颗粒剂总黄酮含量。结果:甘草酸单铵盐对照品在0.053~0.530μg范围内与峰面积呈良好的线性关系,Y=11.003X+0.0031,r=1,平均回收率为105.9%,RSD=1.22%(n=6);芦丁对照品在2.0~80.0μg/mL范围内与吸光度值呈良好的线性关系,线性回归方程为Y=11.537X+0.0014,r=0.9999,平均回收率为99.20%,RSD值为0.54%(n=6)。结论:该方法操作简便,准确,具有良好的精密度、重复性和稳定性,适用于蒙药复方沙棘颗粒剂的质量控制。

水分含量对轻腌大黄鱼贮藏期间细菌菌相和风味特征的影响

研究水分含量对轻腌大黄鱼在4℃条件下贮藏性的影响,分析整个贮藏期间总挥发性盐基氮含量变化、微生物群落组成、滋味和挥发性风味物质(volatile organic compounds,VOCs)差异,并对微生物组成和VOCs进行相关性分析。结果表明,3种水分质量分数(60%、55%、50%)轻腌大黄鱼货架期依次为27、33、39 d;贮藏期间菌相发生明显的变化,货架期终点4株优势腐败菌占比较高,其中水分质量分数60%样品中蜂房哈弗尼菌(Hafnia alvei)(61.22%)和热杀索丝菌(Brochothrix thermosphacta)(19.39%)占比最高,55%水分质量分数样品中蜂房哈弗尼菌、热杀索丝菌、广布肉毒杆菌(Carnobacterium divergens)和弗氏柠檬酸杆菌(Citrobacter freundii)均占据较高比重,分别为31.13%、29.25%、17.92%、16.98%,50%水分质量分数轻腌大黄鱼货架期终点并未出现弗氏柠檬酸杆菌,但蜂房哈弗尼菌和热杀索丝菌分别高达43.96%和37.36%;电子舌结果分析发现3组样品滋味响应值变化趋势基本一致;气相色谱-离子迁移谱仪共检测出29种VOCs,主要包括醇类7种,酯类6种,酮类4种,醛类4种,胺类3种,杂环类2种,烯烃类、醚类和萜类各1种,指纹图谱结果分析发现各组样品在贮藏期间的VOCs组成上无显著差异;Pearson相关分析表明,3组样品贮藏期间蜂房哈弗尼菌和热杀索丝菌与一些胺类物质呈正相关。

Physicochemical, Heavy Metals and Phenolic Compounds Analysis of Libyan Honey Samples Collected from Benghazi during 2009-2010

In the present work, the results of analysis of 10 Libyan honey samples, representing various floral honeys, collected from Benghazicity during different seasons in 2009-2010 were demonstrated. All samples were examined for the physicochemical quality parameters, phenolic compounds and heavy metals contents. The moisture;optical density (O. D.);electrical conductivity;water insoluble solids;ash content;pH;total acidity;hydroxylmethyl furfural (HMF);sugar contents and phenolic compounds content were detected according to AOAC 1990-Official Methods and reference methods. The results were compared with Libyan Standard Legislation and the European Standard Legislation. The obtained results indicated that the quality of the tested Libyan honey samples were very good and worth to the world standard properties of honey. Even more, the tested Libyan honey samples have high level of phenolic compounds content. On the basis of heavy metals content, three metals were determined (Cadmium, copper and lead) using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The level of each metal-content was variable, which may be due to the conditions of processing, packing and storage conditions of Libyan honey samples.

Quality of compounded topical 2% diltiazem hydrochloride formulations for anal fissure

AIM:To investigate the quality of topical 2%diltiazem formulations extemporaneously compounded by retail pharmacies openly offering drug-compounding services.METHODS:A participating healthcare professional wrote 12 prescriptions for compounded 2%diltiazem cream,with 2 refills allowed per prescription.The 12sets of prescriptions were filled,at intervals of 1-2 wk between refills,at 12 different independent retail pharmacies that openly offer drug-compounding services in a major metropolitan region.The 36 resultant preparations,provided as jars or tubes,were shipped,as soon as each was filled,at ambient temperature to the study core laboratory for high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)analysis,within 10 d of receipt.For the HPLC analysis,8 different samples of the topical diltiazem,each approximately 1 g in weight,were taken from prespecified locations within each container.To initiate the HPLC analysis,each sample was transferredto a 100 mL volumetric flask,to which methanol was added.The HPLC analysis was conducted in accordance with the laboratory-validated method for diltiazem in cream,ointment,and gel formulations.The main outcome measures were potency(percentage of label claim)and content uniformity of the compounded topical 2%diltiazem formulations.RESULTS:Of the 36 prescriptions filled,30 were packaged in jars and 6 were packaged as tubes.The prescriptions were specifically for cream formulations,but6 of the 12 pharmacies compounded 2%diltiazem as an ointment;for another pharmacy,which had inadequate labeling,the dosage form was unknown.The United States Pharmacopoeia(USP)standard for potency is 90%-115%of label claim.Of the 36 preparations,5(13.89%)were suprapotent and 13(36.11%)were subpotent.The suprapotent prescriptions ranged in potency from 117.2%to 128.5%of label claim,and the subpotent prescriptions ranged in potency from34.8%to 89.8%of label claim.Fourteen(38.9%)preparations lacked content uniformity according to the USP standard of 90%-110%potency and<6%relative standard deviation.Of the 30 formulations packaged in jars,12(40%)lacked content uniformity,while of the6 formulations packaged in tubes,2(33.3%)lacked content uniformity.Nine of the 12 pharmacies(75%)failed USP potency or content-uniformity specifications for at least 1 of the 3 prescription fills.For 5 of the 12pharmacies(41.7%),the mean potency across all three prescription fills was<90%of label claim.CONCLUSION:Patients prescribed topical 2%diltiazem for treatment of anal fissure frequently receive compounded formulations that are misbranded with respect to potency and that lack content uniformity.

Analysis of Micro Organic Compound Pollution in Major City River Reaches of the Main Stem of the Changjiang River

It has become general for surface waters being polluted by micro organic compounds. In order to know the current pollution situation and the properties of micro organic compounds in the Changjiang River, a test was performed on micro organic compounds in the water, bottom material and fish bodies which were sampled from major city river reaches of the Changjiang River. Based on the test result, researchers described and analyzed the sorts, concentration level and distribution features of micro organic compounds. A comprehensive evaluation was conducted by adopting the method of MEG (Multimedia Environmental Goals). The study indicated that ① the water body of major city river reaches of the Changjiang River has been generally polluted. In the test, totally 12 types with 308 kinds of organic compounds were detected. The main pollutants were paraffins, PAHs and lipids; and ② micro organic pollutant content in fish bodies was generally higher than that in bottom material which is in turn higher than that in water; and ③ pollution is relatively severe in the river reaches of mid-to-large comprehensive industrial cities with fairly great TAS (Total Ambient Severity) of public health and ecological system.

Study on Determination of Tanshinones in Compound Danshen Tablets

[Objective]This study was conducted to improve quality standard of Compound Danshen tablets.[Method]Tanshinones in Compound Danshen tablets were determined by HPLC method.[Result]A good linear relationship was found in the range of 0.10-0.50 μg,and the average recovery rate was 100.59%(RSD = 1.38%).[Conclusion]The method is simple,rapid and reproducible,and could be used as a method for quality control of Compound Danshen Tablets.