The characteristics of regional high temperature(HT) weather in 2013 and 2003 and their causes were studied using daily maximum temperature data, National Center for Environmental Prediction(NCEP) reanalysis data, and...The characteristics of regional high temperature(HT) weather in 2013 and 2003 and their causes were studied using daily maximum temperature data, National Center for Environmental Prediction(NCEP) reanalysis data, and outgoing longwave radiation(OLR) data. For these two years of HT weather, there were many similar characteristics, such as their long duration, wide range, high intensity, and severe influence. However, there were also three obvious differences: firstly, in 2013, the major area where HT weather occurred was farther north than in 2003; secondly, the HT weather in South China and the southeast area of Jiangnan in 2013 lasted fewer days than in 2003, but in other areas it lasted for more days than in 2003; thirdly, the intensity of the HT weather in 2013 was also stronger in the north and weaker in the south, similar to that of the duration. A strong and stable western Pacific subtropical high(WPSH), a continental warm high, and the distribution of the warm center in the lower troposphere played important roles in the HT weather formation. Several probable causes for the differences are that the cold air was weaker, the WPSH was farther north, and the tropical convective systems were stronger in 2013 than in 2003. Finally, a preliminary cause analysis of the WPSH anomaly was presented.展开更多
With temperatures increasing as a result of global warming,extreme high temperatures are becoming more intense and more frequent on larger scale during summer in China.In recent years,a variety of researches have exam...With temperatures increasing as a result of global warming,extreme high temperatures are becoming more intense and more frequent on larger scale during summer in China.In recent years,a variety of researches have examined the high temperature distribution in China.However,it hardly considers the variation of temperature data and systems when defining the threshold of extreme high temperature.In order to discern the spatio-temporal distribution of extreme heat in China,we examined the daily maximum temperature data of 83 observation stations in China from 1950 to 2008.The objective of this study was to understand the distribution characteristics of extreme high temperature events defined by Detrended Fluctuation Analysis(DFA).The statistical methods of Permutation Entropy(PE)were also used in this study to analyze the temporal distribution.The results showed that the frequency of extreme high temperature events in China presented 3 periods of 7,10—13 and 16—20 years,respectively.The abrupt changes generally happened in the 1960s,the end of 1970s and early 1980s.It was also found that the maximum frequency occurred in the early 1950s,and the frequency decreased sharply until the late 1980s when an evidently increasing trend emerged.Furthermore,the annual averaged frequency of extreme high temperature events reveals a decreasing-increasing-decreasing trend from southwest to northeast China,but an increasing-decreasing trend from southeast to northwest China.And the frequency was higher in southern region than that in northern region.Besides,the maximum and minimum of frequencies were relatively concentrated spatially.Our results also shed light on the reasons for the periods and abrupt changes of the frequency of extreme high temperature events in China.展开更多
Based on the daily maximum air temperature(T_(max))data from the China Meteorological Data Network and the NCEP/DOE reanalysis data,the intra-seasonal circulation and evolution of an extreme high temperature event(EHT...Based on the daily maximum air temperature(T_(max))data from the China Meteorological Data Network and the NCEP/DOE reanalysis data,the intra-seasonal circulation and evolution of an extreme high temperature event(EHTE)in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River(MYR)from August 9-21,2011 were explored,as well as the influence of diabatic heating on the position variation of the Western Pacific subtropical high(WPSH).Results show that the daily T_(max) in the MYR exhibits a vigorous intraseasonal oscillation(ISO)of 10-25 days in the extended summer of 1980-2018.The main factors affecting the EHTE in the summer of 2011 are the low-frequency wave train propagating southeastward in the mid-latitude of the upper troposphere and the low-frequency anticyclone moving northwestward in the lowlatitude of the mid-lower troposphere.The diagnosis of 925hPa thermodynamic equation indicates that the ISO features of the T_(max) in the core region is determined by the intra-seasonal variation of the adiabatic variation.In addition,the variations of the WPSH correspond well to the distribution of apparent heat source.In the early stage of the high temperature process,the apparent heat source in the north of the Bay of Bengal is a certain indicator for the westward extension of the WPSH.展开更多
In this study, we explored spatial patterns and the temporal trends in high-temperature events （HTEs） for the mainland of China dudng 1961-2014 based on a dailymaximum surface-air-temperature dataset of 494 stations...In this study, we explored spatial patterns and the temporal trends in high-temperature events （HTEs） for the mainland of China dudng 1961-2014 based on a dailymaximum surface-air-temperature dataset of 494 stations and nonparametric trend detection methods. With three thresholds of 35℃ （HTE35）, 37℃ （HTE37）, and 40℃ （HTE40）, HTEs occurred in 82%, 71%, and 37% of the surveyed stations and showed an overall increasing trend in both frequency and intensity during 1961-2014. In northern and southeastem China, HTEs showed a significant increasing trend in both frequency and intensity, whilst a decreasing trend for both was observed in central China. Despite such regional heterogeneity, HTEs overwhelmingly presented three-phase characteristics in all three representative regions and throughout China; the phases are 1961-1980, 1980-1990, and 1990-2014. Both frequency and intensity of HTEs have strongly increased during 1990-2014 at 54.86%, 48.38%, and 23.28% of the investigated stations for HTE35, HTE37 and HTE40, respectively. These findings implied that HTEs adaptation should be paid further attention in the future over China because the wide spread distribution of HTEs and their increasing trends in both frequency and intensity during recent decades might pose challenges to the sustainability of human society and the ecosystem.展开更多
In July 2013, the Jianghuai–Jiangnan region of China experienced a persistent extreme high temperature,and the surface air temperature(SAT) over many areas of the region set a new record, which had a profound impact ...In July 2013, the Jianghuai–Jiangnan region of China experienced a persistent extreme high temperature,and the surface air temperature(SAT) over many areas of the region set a new record, which had a profound impact on people's lives. This study explored the possible mechanism for this extreme climate phenomenon. The results show that the sea surface temperature(SST) over the midNorth Atlantic in July 2013 was the warmest observed over the past 160 years. The strong anomaly of the SST connects to the East Asian upper level westerly and western Pacific subtropical high(WPSH) via the teleconnection wave train and further contributes to the SAT variability over the Jianghuai–Jiangnan region; this connection could be one possible mechanism for the formation of the recordbreaking extreme hot event(EHE) over the Jianghuai–Jiangnan region in July 2013. In addition, for the EHE over the Jianghuai–Jiangnan region, the role of the WPSH was generally emphasised. This study found that the variability of the upper level westerly over the Jianghuai–Jiangnan region is also an important climate factor impacting the SAT of the region. In particular, the record-breaking weakness of the upper level westerly corresponded to the record-breaking SAT over the Jianghuai–Jiangnan region in July 2013. These results indicate that the role of the upper level westerly should be emphasised in addition to the WPSH, according to both the variability in the summer air temperature and the EHE over the Jianghuai–Jiangnan region.展开更多
利用1961—2022年四川155个国家气象站逐日气温、降水资料和NCEP/NCAR再分析资料等,对2022年四川持续高温干旱事件特征及成因进行分析。结果表明:2022年夏季四川出现极端高温干旱天气,全省平均气温、最高气温、高温日数均突破历史同期极...利用1961—2022年四川155个国家气象站逐日气温、降水资料和NCEP/NCAR再分析资料等,对2022年四川持续高温干旱事件特征及成因进行分析。结果表明:2022年夏季四川出现极端高温干旱天气,全省平均气温、最高气温、高温日数均突破历史同期极值,73.0%的站点出现重旱及以上旱情,为1961年以来最严重高温伏旱天气气候事件。南亚高压北跳东进,异常偏强偏北,500 h Pa青藏高压发展东移,或西太平洋副热带高压加强西伸北抬,与南亚高压叠加,形成稳定正压结构控制四川,是造成高温干旱的主要原因。亚洲中纬度地区盛行纬向环流,伊朗高压、青藏高压和西太平洋副热带高压打通形成高压带,盛行下沉辐散气流,阻挡中高纬冷空气南下和低纬暖湿气流北上,导致四川地区降水异常偏少,是高温干旱的间接原因。展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Technologies R&D Program of China[grant number 2022YFC3002803]the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars[grant number 41925021].
基金supported by the Major Meteorological Industry Standard Program of China Meteorological Administration (Grant No. QX/T-2012-24)
文摘The characteristics of regional high temperature(HT) weather in 2013 and 2003 and their causes were studied using daily maximum temperature data, National Center for Environmental Prediction(NCEP) reanalysis data, and outgoing longwave radiation(OLR) data. For these two years of HT weather, there were many similar characteristics, such as their long duration, wide range, high intensity, and severe influence. However, there were also three obvious differences: firstly, in 2013, the major area where HT weather occurred was farther north than in 2003; secondly, the HT weather in South China and the southeast area of Jiangnan in 2013 lasted fewer days than in 2003, but in other areas it lasted for more days than in 2003; thirdly, the intensity of the HT weather in 2013 was also stronger in the north and weaker in the south, similar to that of the duration. A strong and stable western Pacific subtropical high(WPSH), a continental warm high, and the distribution of the warm center in the lower troposphere played important roles in the HT weather formation. Several probable causes for the differences are that the cold air was weaker, the WPSH was farther north, and the tropical convective systems were stronger in 2013 than in 2003. Finally, a preliminary cause analysis of the WPSH anomaly was presented.
基金Key Projects in the National Science & Technology Pillar Program during the Eleventh Five-Year Plan Period(2007BAC29B05)Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster(KLME05005)
文摘With temperatures increasing as a result of global warming,extreme high temperatures are becoming more intense and more frequent on larger scale during summer in China.In recent years,a variety of researches have examined the high temperature distribution in China.However,it hardly considers the variation of temperature data and systems when defining the threshold of extreme high temperature.In order to discern the spatio-temporal distribution of extreme heat in China,we examined the daily maximum temperature data of 83 observation stations in China from 1950 to 2008.The objective of this study was to understand the distribution characteristics of extreme high temperature events defined by Detrended Fluctuation Analysis(DFA).The statistical methods of Permutation Entropy(PE)were also used in this study to analyze the temporal distribution.The results showed that the frequency of extreme high temperature events in China presented 3 periods of 7,10—13 and 16—20 years,respectively.The abrupt changes generally happened in the 1960s,the end of 1970s and early 1980s.It was also found that the maximum frequency occurred in the early 1950s,and the frequency decreased sharply until the late 1980s when an evidently increasing trend emerged.Furthermore,the annual averaged frequency of extreme high temperature events reveals a decreasing-increasing-decreasing trend from southwest to northeast China,but an increasing-decreasing trend from southeast to northwest China.And the frequency was higher in southern region than that in northern region.Besides,the maximum and minimum of frequencies were relatively concentrated spatially.Our results also shed light on the reasons for the periods and abrupt changes of the frequency of extreme high temperature events in China.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFC1505804)National Natural Science Foundation of China(42075032)。
文摘Based on the daily maximum air temperature(T_(max))data from the China Meteorological Data Network and the NCEP/DOE reanalysis data,the intra-seasonal circulation and evolution of an extreme high temperature event(EHTE)in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River(MYR)from August 9-21,2011 were explored,as well as the influence of diabatic heating on the position variation of the Western Pacific subtropical high(WPSH).Results show that the daily T_(max) in the MYR exhibits a vigorous intraseasonal oscillation(ISO)of 10-25 days in the extended summer of 1980-2018.The main factors affecting the EHTE in the summer of 2011 are the low-frequency wave train propagating southeastward in the mid-latitude of the upper troposphere and the low-frequency anticyclone moving northwestward in the lowlatitude of the mid-lower troposphere.The diagnosis of 925hPa thermodynamic equation indicates that the ISO features of the T_(max) in the core region is determined by the intra-seasonal variation of the adiabatic variation.In addition,the variations of the WPSH correspond well to the distribution of apparent heat source.In the early stage of the high temperature process,the apparent heat source in the north of the Bay of Bengal is a certain indicator for the westward extension of the WPSH.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.41401603
文摘In this study, we explored spatial patterns and the temporal trends in high-temperature events （HTEs） for the mainland of China dudng 1961-2014 based on a dailymaximum surface-air-temperature dataset of 494 stations and nonparametric trend detection methods. With three thresholds of 35℃ （HTE35）, 37℃ （HTE37）, and 40℃ （HTE40）, HTEs occurred in 82%, 71%, and 37% of the surveyed stations and showed an overall increasing trend in both frequency and intensity during 1961-2014. In northern and southeastem China, HTEs showed a significant increasing trend in both frequency and intensity, whilst a decreasing trend for both was observed in central China. Despite such regional heterogeneity, HTEs overwhelmingly presented three-phase characteristics in all three representative regions and throughout China; the phases are 1961-1980, 1980-1990, and 1990-2014. Both frequency and intensity of HTEs have strongly increased during 1990-2014 at 54.86%, 48.38%, and 23.28% of the investigated stations for HTE35, HTE37 and HTE40, respectively. These findings implied that HTEs adaptation should be paid further attention in the future over China because the wide spread distribution of HTEs and their increasing trends in both frequency and intensity during recent decades might pose challenges to the sustainability of human society and the ecosystem.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (2012CB955401)the Strategic Priority Research Program-Climate Change: Carbon Budget and Relevant Issues of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDA05090306)+1 种基金the CAS-CSIRO Cooperative Research Program (GJHZ1223)the Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Climate Change
文摘In July 2013, the Jianghuai–Jiangnan region of China experienced a persistent extreme high temperature,and the surface air temperature(SAT) over many areas of the region set a new record, which had a profound impact on people's lives. This study explored the possible mechanism for this extreme climate phenomenon. The results show that the sea surface temperature(SST) over the midNorth Atlantic in July 2013 was the warmest observed over the past 160 years. The strong anomaly of the SST connects to the East Asian upper level westerly and western Pacific subtropical high(WPSH) via the teleconnection wave train and further contributes to the SAT variability over the Jianghuai–Jiangnan region; this connection could be one possible mechanism for the formation of the recordbreaking extreme hot event(EHE) over the Jianghuai–Jiangnan region in July 2013. In addition, for the EHE over the Jianghuai–Jiangnan region, the role of the WPSH was generally emphasised. This study found that the variability of the upper level westerly over the Jianghuai–Jiangnan region is also an important climate factor impacting the SAT of the region. In particular, the record-breaking weakness of the upper level westerly corresponded to the record-breaking SAT over the Jianghuai–Jiangnan region in July 2013. These results indicate that the role of the upper level westerly should be emphasised in addition to the WPSH, according to both the variability in the summer air temperature and the EHE over the Jianghuai–Jiangnan region.
文摘利用1961—2022年四川155个国家气象站逐日气温、降水资料和NCEP/NCAR再分析资料等,对2022年四川持续高温干旱事件特征及成因进行分析。结果表明:2022年夏季四川出现极端高温干旱天气,全省平均气温、最高气温、高温日数均突破历史同期极值,73.0%的站点出现重旱及以上旱情,为1961年以来最严重高温伏旱天气气候事件。南亚高压北跳东进,异常偏强偏北,500 h Pa青藏高压发展东移,或西太平洋副热带高压加强西伸北抬,与南亚高压叠加,形成稳定正压结构控制四川,是造成高温干旱的主要原因。亚洲中纬度地区盛行纬向环流,伊朗高压、青藏高压和西太平洋副热带高压打通形成高压带,盛行下沉辐散气流,阻挡中高纬冷空气南下和低纬暖湿气流北上,导致四川地区降水异常偏少,是高温干旱的间接原因。
