Observation on Therapeutic Effects of Electroacupuncture on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome of Kidney Deficiency and Phlegm Dampness Type and Oxidative Stress Level

Objective:To observe the clinical effect of electroacupuncture on improving polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)of kidney deficiency and phlegm dampness type and serum oxidative stress level.Methods:There were 68 patients with polycystic ovary syndrome were randomly divided into observation group(34 cases)and the control group(34 cases),The observation group was treated by electroacupuncture,while the control group was treated by placebo electroacupuncture.Combined with the evaluation of menstrual cycle,menstrual color,quality,quantity and TCM symptom integral index,the difference of curative effect between the two groups was observed,and the levels of peripheral blood,sex hormones,insulin resistance and oxidative stress were detected before and after treatment for 3 months.Results:The total effective rate in the observation group was better than that in the control group(P<0.01);After intervention,serum LH,FSH,E_(2) and LH/FSH in the observation group were significantly different from those before intervention.The D values of serum LH,FSH,LH/FSH and E_(2) before and after intervention were significantly different between the two groups(P<0.01);Comparing the level of androgen,the serum A4 and T in the observation group were significantly different from those before intervention(P<0.01);After intervention,there was a significant difference in serum A4 and T between the two groups(P<0.01),and there was a significant difference in D value between the two groups before and after intervention;There was a difference in insulin resistance in the observation group before and after intervention(P<0.05),and there was a significant difference in D value between the two groups before and after intervention(P<0.01);After the intervention,the serum SOD,MDA,ROS in the observation group were significantly different from those before the intervention;After intervention,the results of serum SOD and ROS in the observation group were significantly different from those in the control group;There was no significant difference in serum MDA results.There were significant differences in SOD,MDA,ROS between the two groups before and after intervention.Conclusion:Electroacupuncture can improve oxidative stress injury,insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism in PCOS patients.

Compound 3k治疗骨关节炎:调控氧化应激通路改善软骨细胞糖酵解的作用机制

背景:骨关节炎现已被认为是一种代谢性疾病,既往研究表明糖酵解在骨关节炎的发生发展中起重要作用。Compound 3k作为一种新型糖酵解小分子抑制剂,具有抗炎及抗肿瘤等功效,因此可靶向糖酵解,有望为骨关节炎治疗提供新的思路。目的:基于缺氧诱导因子1α/活性氧的氧化应激通路探究Compound 3k在糖酵解过度活跃所导致的骨关节炎中的作用机制。方法:取对数生长期的ATDC5成软骨细胞,用10 ng/mL白细胞介素1β作用24 h诱导骨关节炎体外细胞模型,以CCK-8法检测不同浓度(0.25,0.5,1,2.5,5,10,15μmol/L)Compound 3k的细胞毒性,选出合适浓度进行后续实验。将软骨细胞随机分为对照组、模型组、治疗组,模型组以10 ng/mL的白细胞介素1β诱导,治疗组以Compound 3k预刺激2 h后与白细胞介素1β共培养,用CCK-8法检测各组细胞增殖情况;用ELISA试剂盒检测各组细胞炎症水平;用试剂盒检测各组细胞活性氧、细胞外乳酸脱氢酶及葡萄糖含量;qRT-PCR及Western blot检测相关炎症因子白细胞介素6、肿瘤坏死因子α及糖酵解相关基因葡萄糖转运蛋白1、甘油醛3-磷酸脱氢酶、单羧酸转运蛋白1和缺氧诱导因子1α的表达水平。结果与结论:①与对照组相比,模型组细胞增殖活性下降、糖酵解水平活跃,表现为细胞外乳酸脱氢酶含量增加(P<0.001),葡萄糖含量减少(P<0.001),相关炎症因子白细胞介素6(P<0.0001)及肿瘤坏死因子α(P<0.001),糖酵解相关基因葡萄糖转运蛋白1(P<0.001)、甘油醛3-磷酸脱氢酶(P<0.001)、单羧酸转运蛋白1(P<0.001)及缺氧诱导因子1α(P<0.001)的表达水平均上调,并伴随氧化应激,活性氧过量产生。②与模型组相比,Compound 3k的治疗有效提高细胞增殖活性,抑制过度活跃的糖酵解水平的同时,抑制了骨关节炎软骨细胞炎症(P<0.001)及糖酵解相关基因的表达(P<0.001),且抑制氧化应激,缺氧诱导因子1α的表达水平下调(P<0.0001),活性氧水平下降。③上述结果证实,Compound 3k抑制了白细胞介素1β诱导的软骨细胞炎症,其机制可能与糖酵解及缺氧诱导因子1α/活性氧介导的氧化应激有关。

The synergistic effects of PRDX5 and Nrf2 on lung cancer progression and drug resistance under oxidative stress in the zebrafish models

Previous studies have shown that PRDX5 and Nrf2 are antioxidant proteins related to abnormal reactive oxidative species(ROS).PRDX5 and Nrf2 play a critical role in the progression of inflammations and tumors.The combination of PRDX5 and Nrf2 was examined by Co-immunoprecipitation,western blotting and Immunohistochemistry.H2O2 was applied to affect the production of ROS and induced multi-resistant protein 1(MRP1)expression in NSCLC cells.The zebrafish models mainly investigated the synergistic effects of PRDX5 and Nrf2 on lung cancer drug resistance under oxidative stress.We showed that PRDX5 and Nrf2 form a complex and significantly increase the NSCLC tissues compared to adjacent tissues.The oxidative stress improved the combination of PRDX5 and Nrf2.We demonstrated that the synergy between PRDX5 and Nrf2 is positively related to the proliferation and drug resistance of NSCLC cells in the zebrafish models.In conclusion,our data indicated that PRDX5 could bind to Nrf2 and has a synergistic effect with Nrf2.Meanwhile,in the zebrafish models,PRDX5 and Nrf2 have significant regulatory impacts on lung cancer progression and drug resistance activities under oxidative stress.

Paclitaxel-induced stress granules increase LINE-1 mRNA stability to promote drug resistance in breast cancer cells

Abnormal expression of long interspersed element-1(LINE-1)has been implicated in drug resistance,while our previous study showed that chemotherapy drug paclitaxel(PTX)increased LINE-1 level with unknown mechanism.Bioinformatics analysis suggested the regulation of LINE-1 mRNA by drug-induced stress granules(SGs).This study aimed to explore whether and how SGs are involved in drug-induced LINE-1 increase and thereby promotes drug resistance of triple negative breast cancer(TNBC)cells.We demonstrated that SGs increased LINE-1 expression by recruiting and stabilizing LINE-1 mRNA under drug stress,thereby adapting TNBC cells to chemotherapy drugs.Moreover,LINE-1 inhibitor efavirenz(EFV)could inhibit drug-induced SG to destabilize LINE-1.Our study provides the first evidence of the regulation of LINE-1 by SGs that could be an important survival mechanism for cancer cells exposed to chemotherapy drugs.The findings provide a useful clue for developing new chemotherapeutic strategies against TNBCs.

Resistance of LaCl_3 to Oxidative Stress Induced by 2, 4-Dichlorophenoxy

Cucumber seedlings were sprayed with different concentrations of LaCl_3 for 3 d continuously. After 7 d of this treatment, the plants were treated with 1200 mg·L^(-1) 2,4-dichlorophennoxy(2,4-D) for 24 h. The leaves were harvested and rinsed with 5 mmol·L^(-1) EDTA. The concentrations of photosynthetic pigments, soluble protein and metabolites related to oxidative stress and the activities of antioxidant enzymes in leaves were assayed. The results show that the treatment with appropriate concentration of LaCl_3 has resistant effect on oxidative stress induced by 2, 4-D. Proper concentration of LaCl_3 promotes the activity of antioxidant system in plants and alleviates the damage caused by 2, 4-D.

复合型抗盐剂对NaCl胁迫下小麦种子萌发和生长的影响

将KNO_(3)、CaCl_(2)、DA-6、KH_(2) PO_(4)、FeSO_(4)·7H_(2) O、MgSO_(4)·7H_(2) O和蔗糖7种物质组合配制复合型抗盐剂,以‘济麦22’为研究材料,采用水培法,探讨了不同浓度(0.2%、0.4%和0.6%)盐(NaCl)胁迫下,施加不同浓度(10%、20%和30%)抗盐剂对种子萌发及后续幼苗生长的影响,并提出了适合小麦的抗盐剂配方。结果表明:(1)30%、20%、10%抗盐剂分别对0.2%、0.4%、0.6%NaCl胁迫下小麦种子萌发的促进效果最好,发芽率分别提高了6.4%、12.0%、26.5%。(2)0.6%NaCl胁迫下添加抗盐剂,根干质量显著增加了29.7%~35.9%;在抗盐剂作用下,光合速率分别提高了67.5%~90.0%(0.2%NaCl胁迫)、13.3%~51.5%(0.4%NaCl胁迫)和0.4%~25.5%(0.6%NaCl胁迫),且30%抗盐剂显著增强了0.2%NaCl胁迫下小麦的光合作用,增幅达90.0%。添加抗盐剂使小麦的光合色素含量升高,其中叶绿素a在0.2%和0.4%NaCl胁迫下分别升高了22.5%~39.0%和41.7%~43.2%,叶绿素b分别升高了22.1%~31.0%和14.7%~22.5%,类胡萝卜素分别升高了12.2%~28.6%和24.4%~32.3%。此外,其他各项生理指标也有相应改善。(3)主成分分析结果显示,盐胁迫下30%抗盐剂处理后小麦的得分均为最高,为最适浓度配比。

黄皮新肉桂酰胺B的小鼠降脂活性及毒副作用

目的:探究鸡心黄皮果核中黄皮新肉桂酰胺B(lansiumamide B,LB)作用于高脂饮食(high fat diet,HFD)模型C57BL/6J小鼠的降脂活性及在实验过程中的毒副作用,为其应用于更多活性领域研究提供安全性依据。方法:以C57BL/6J小鼠为动物模型,经口灌胃LB以探究对小鼠的无可见有害作用水平(no observed adverse effect level,NOAEL),作为降脂实验浓度设置依据;建立HFD模型后,以LB 1/100、1/50、1/25 NOAEL剂量对小鼠给药灌胃4周,通过体质量、血脂生化指标、胰岛素抵抗、氧化应激等指标评价LB降脂活性。结果:经口急性毒性实验结果得出LB对C57BL/6小鼠的NOAEL为2 g/kg mb;HFD模型实验结果显示LB能够显著降低小鼠体质量,LB高剂量组与HFD组相比,体质量下降15.51%、Lee’s指数下降3.25%、血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度上升38.04%,超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶活力分别提高41.86%、41.95%和105.50%。结论:LB的NOAEL为2 g/kg mb,LB在NOAEL剂量范围内对小鼠具有显著降脂活性且无明显可见毒副作用。

鼻咽癌顺铂耐药机制的研究进展

鼻咽癌是临床上常见的恶性肿瘤之一。以顺铂为代表药物的化学药物治疗和放射治疗是目前治疗鼻咽癌的主要手段。多发的肿瘤化疗药物耐药现象为鼻咽癌的治疗带来极大困扰。鼻咽癌顺铂耐药机制可以概括为6个方向:增加细胞内药物浓度、减少顺铂的失活物质、增加DNA损伤和抑制损伤修复、促进细胞凋亡、调节肿瘤微环境、抑制胞内自噬。对鼻咽癌细胞在顺铂的耐药性中的研究进展作简要综述,为逆转鼻咽癌顺铂耐药以及寻找天然、安全、有效的化学药物治疗增敏剂的研究提供方向。

内质网应激在妊娠期糖尿病中的作用及生物活性成分防治的研究进展

妊娠期糖尿病(gestational diabetes mellitus,GDM)全球患病率约为13.4%,且呈逐年上升趋势。然而,GDM发病机制尚不明确,普遍认为胰岛素抵抗(insulin resistance,IR)和胰岛β细胞损伤是其关键病理机制。内质网应激(endoplasmic reticulum stress,ERS)通过内质网跨膜蛋白IRE1α、PERK和ATF6介导3条经典的未折叠蛋白响应通路参与脂肪、肝脏、骨骼肌和胎盘等组织的IR,通过细胞凋亡、焦亡和自噬介导β细胞损伤,因此ERS可能会成为防治GDM的潜在靶点。该综述探讨了ERS在GDM的IR和β细胞功能障碍的作用,并阐述了生物活性物质基于ERS途径对GDM的防治作用。

生物膜成熟传感器双组份系统在鲍曼不动杆菌应激反应及耐药性产生中的作用

鲍曼不动杆菌(Acinetobacter baumannii,AB)是一种非发酵革兰阴性机会致病菌,作为医院常见的病原体之一,有多种机制共同作用使其在环境及宿主体内生存。随着鲍曼不动杆菌的耐药性不断增强,多重耐药鲍曼不动杆菌感染已经成为全球临床抗菌治疗的一个重大挑战。双组份调控系统(two component regulatory system,TCS)在AB对环境的感知和适应中发挥着关键作用,使其在不断变化的环境中广泛传播且长期存活。TCS由感应激酶和调节蛋白组成。生物膜成熟传感器(biofilm maturation sensor,BfmS)是AB中的一个感应激酶,生物膜成熟调节剂(biofilm maturation regulator,BfmR)是与感应激酶对应的调节蛋白,2者共同构成了BfmS/BfmR TCS。BfmS/BfmR TCS通过多种机制参与调控AB应激反应及耐药性的产生,本文对此过程进行综述。

托底抗拔桩侧摩阻力发挥机理及计算模型研究

抗拔桩有效解决地下水对建筑物产生上浮效果的负面影响。托底抗拔桩将无粘结钢绞线与普通抗拔桩有效结合,充分利用桩体承压性能。基于有效应力法确定桩侧极限摩阻力分布范围,采用双折线荷载传递函数模拟桩侧摩阻力发挥特性,探讨托底抗拔桩的承载力变化规律,建立桩侧摩阻力发挥范围和荷载-位移的计算公式,提出托底抗拔桩承载力计算模型,并与普通抗拔桩性能进行对比。结果表明,相比于传统抗拔桩,托底抗拔桩改善桩体受荷状态,有效提高承载力、降低桩顶位移,具有较好的应用效果。该文研究成果为托底抗拔桩的应用提供理论基础。

基于孔压静力触探的大直径单桩p-y曲线分析

【目的】水平受荷桩的p-y曲线法已广泛用于描述桩-土相互作用并预测桩在水平荷载下的行为,特别是在海上风电机大直径单桩的理论分析中。孔压静力触探试验(piezocone penetration test,简称CPTu)作为一种效率高、精确度好的原位测试手段,克服了传统室内试验获得土工参数的过程中土样存在扰动、结果准确性较差的缺点。该试验可以通过测量三个基本参数(修正锥尖阻力qt、侧壁摩阻力fs以及孔隙水压力u2)随深度变化的连续剖面来解译土体的物理力学参数,从而在p-y曲线模型的建立中提供关键数据。【方法】利用渤海海域某场区的CPTu数据,完成了以下研究任务:(1)基于CPTu触探响应结果,对该场区海洋土体进行分类,以及物理与力学参数的反演,包括土体密度、弹性模量、有效内摩擦角及有效黏聚力;(2)将CPTu反演参数代入三维有限元分析模型中,模拟直径为5 m的钢管桩在最大荷载为20 MN时的水平受荷响应;(3)基于CPTu测试数据,提出一套土抗力计算公式;(4)将现有p-y曲线模型中相关参数通过CPTu触探响应结果进行反演,之后对比分析上述p-y曲线模型。【结果】形成了一套基于CPTu且适用于土体分层情况较为复杂的p-y曲线公式,该公式与有限元方法对比结果良好。【结论】结果表明,提出的基于CPTu的土抗力公式经过有限元模拟检验后能快速、准确地反映大直径单桩的水平受荷响应。该公式不仅为渤海海域内大直径单桩的工程实践提供了有力的理论支持,还为相似海洋环境的工程设计与分析提供了完全基于CPTu研究大直径单桩的新思路。

Mechanism of antagonistic effects of Andrographis paniculata methanolic extract against Staphylococcus aureus

Objective: To investigate the effects of Andrographis paniculata(Burm.f.) Wall. Ex Nees(A. paniculata) on expressions and activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase and alkylhydroperoxide reductase C in Staphylococcus aureus(S. aureus) with respect to its survival in vitro. Methods: Antioxidative property of methanolic leaves extract of A. paniculata(0.06 mg/m L). Minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) was determined by its ability to reduce hydrogen peroxide(H_2O_2) toxicity against S. aureus ATCC 25923(3.8×10~8 cfu/m L). Effects of the extract on expressions of kat A(encoding catalase), sod A and sod M [encoding superoxide dismutases(SODs)], and ahp C [encoding alkylhydroperoxide reductase C(AhpC)] in S. aureuswere determined by RT-q PCR and corresponding enzyme activity assays were performed. Nitroblue tetrazolium reduction(NBT) assay was performed to determine effects of the extract on intracellular and extracellular levels of O_2-in S. aureus. Results: Cells challenged with 7.5 mmol/L H_2O_2 showed 0% survival in 30 min whereas 25% survived after treatment with the extract and H_2O_2. Cells that were treated with the extract alone had 43% survival in the same exposure period. Expressions of sod A and sod M genes in extract-treated cells were lowered 0.8-fold and 0.7-fold, respectively with decrease in total SOD activity of 26.8 U compared to untreated cells, 32.4 U(P<0.05). In contrast, extract-treated S. aureus cells showed 3.3-fold increase in kat A expression with corresponding increase in catalase activity of 1.828 U compared to untreated cells which was 1.248 U,(P<0.05). More profoundly, ahp C expression was increased 61-fold in extract-treated cells,(P<0.05) with corresponding increase in Ahp C activity of 0.018 U compared to untreated cells, 0.012U,(P<0.05). Extract-treated cells had significantly lower intra-and extracellular O_2-levels with absorbance readings(A_(575nm)) of 0.340 and 0.524 compared to untreated cells which were 0.516 and 0.928(P<0.05), respectively. Conclusions: Taken together these results suggest that the low MIC of A. paniculatamethanolic leaves extract(0.06 mg/m L) reduce H_2O_2 toxicity and more importantly, was in itself effectively inhibitory against S. aureus. Further, our observations suggest that a probable mode of its inhibitory mechanism against S. aureus is by reducing total SOD activity through downregulation of sod A and sod M expressions.

畲药食凉茶组方对痰湿内阻型OSAHS患者的临床疗效

目的 探讨畲药食凉茶组方对痰湿内阻型阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome,OSAHS)患者的临床疗效以及血清丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)和晚期蛋白氧化产物(advanced oxidation protein products,AOPP)水平的影响。方法 选取2019年5月至2022年5月丽水市中医院收治的痰湿内阻型OSAHS患者60例,按照随机数字表法分为对照组和治疗组,每组各30例。对照组患者选用无创呼吸机予以持续气道正压通气(continuous positive airway pressure,CPAP)模式辅助通气;治疗组患者在对照组的基础上加用畲药食凉茶组方。两组患者均治疗3个月。比较两组患者的多导睡眠监测(polysomnography monitoring,PSG)指标、爱泼沃斯嗜睡量表(Epworth sleepiness scale,ESS)评分、体质量指数、临床疗效、血清MDA和AOPP水平。结果 治疗后,治疗组患者的睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数(apnea hypopnea index,AHI)[(9.95±1.92)次/h]、氧减指数(oxygen desaturation index,ODI)[(17.04±2.61)%]、氧饱和度<90%时间(T90)[(10.03±1.95)%]、微觉醒指数(micro-arousal index,MAI)[(31.94±4.03)%]明显低于对照组,平均氧饱和度[(91.46±5.03)%]明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(t分别为18.539、10.374、13.906、11.668、2.611,P<0.01);治疗后,治疗组患者的ESS评分[(13.13±2.22)分]、体质量指数[(24.57±3.12)kg/m^(2)]、血清MDA[(9.49±1.96)μmol/L]和AOPP[(70.70±8.30)μmol/L]水平明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(t分别为3.313、2.670、4.723、3.506,P<0.01);治疗组患者的总有效率(93.33%)高于对照组(66.67%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.870,P=0.024)。结论 在西医常规治疗基础上,畲药食凉茶组方能进一步改善痰湿内阻型OSAHS患者的PSG指标和临床症状,提高治疗效果,且可降低氧化应激反应。

人参皂苷Rb_(1)治疗非酒精性脂肪性肝病药理作用的研究进展

非酒精性脂肪性肝病(non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,NAFLD)已成为全球最常见的慢性肝病,主要表现为肝脏中脂肪过度沉积,并可进一步导致肝纤维化,以及肝硬化和肝细胞癌等终末期肝病。NAFLD发生和发展的分子机制尚不完全清楚,目前还没有批准的药物用于治疗NAFLD。人参皂苷Rb_(1)是人参中最丰富和最具生物活性的分子,具有调节糖脂代谢、抗炎、抗氧化和神经保护等多种药理活性。就NAFLD发病机制及人参皂苷Rb_(1)治疗NAFLD药理作用进行简要综述,为今后人参皂苷Rb_(1)的研究和临床治疗提供参考。

桑玉膏对对乙酰氨基酚诱导的小鼠急性肝损伤保护作用研究

目的:探究桑玉膏对对乙酰氨基酚(APAP)诱导的小鼠肝损伤的保护作用及其作用机制。方法:将60只雄性健康昆明种小鼠随机分成空白对照组,APAP模型组,N-乙酰半胱氨酸(NAC)阳性药物组,桑玉膏低、中、高剂量组,除空白对照组外其他各组腹腔注射APAP,建立药物性肝损伤(DILI)小鼠模型,灌胃给药5 d后,腹腔主动脉取血,收集肝脏组织。生化法检测血清谷草转氨酶(AST)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)、一氧化氮(NO)活性水平或含量,酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)检测肝组织中肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、重组人白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)含量,实时定量PCR法(qRT-PCR)检测肝脏组织中促凋亡蛋白Bax和抑凋亡蛋白Bcl-2的mRNA表达。结果:与APAP模型组比较,桑玉膏各剂量组小鼠ALT、AST、ALP水平显著降低(P<0.01),肝组织损伤、炎性细胞浸润明显减轻;SOD、GSH-PX活性升高(P<0.01),TNF-α、IL-1β、MDA及NO活性或含量下降(P<0.01),肝脏组织中促凋亡蛋白Bax的mRNA表达显著下降,抑凋亡蛋白Bcl-2的mRNA表达显著升高(P<0.01)。结论:桑玉膏对APAP诱导的小鼠药物性肝损伤有保护作用,其作用机制可能与提高机体抗氧化能力、缓解氧化应激、降低炎症因子水平等有关。

不同化学调控剂对再生稻生长发育及周年产量的影响

为提高再生稻抗逆能力和周年产量,本研究以杂交稻湘两优900为供试材料,于2019-2020年比较研究了喷施清水(CK)、喷施芸薹素内酯(T1)、喷施吡唑醚菌酯(T2)、喷施芸薹素内酯+吡唑醚菌酯(T3)、喷施芸薹素内酯+吡唑醚菌酯+助剂(T4)对再生稻生长发育和产量形成的影响。结果表明,4种化学调控剂处理均显著提高再生稻的周年产量,其中T4处理产量最高,显著高于其他处理(P<0.05);从产量构成来看,T4处理显著提高了结实率和千粒质量(P<0.05)。此外,叶片SPAD值表明T4处理延缓了头季和再生季再生稻剑叶衰老,2020年受寒露风事件的影响,T4处理提高了再生季再生稻花粉活力、减轻了再生季再生稻稻瘟病、卡颈、稻曲病等危害。因此,T4处理提高了再生稻抗逆能力和延缓了叶片衰老,显著提高了结实率和千粒质量,进而提高了再生稻周年产量。

吡嗪酰胺治疗耐多药肺结核及对免疫功能的影响

目的 探究吡嗪酰胺治疗耐多药肺结核的疗效及对免疫功能的影响。方法 选择耐多药肺结核患者102例,使用随机数字表法分为研究组和对照组,各51例。对照组予以常规抗痨方案治疗,研究组在对照组治疗的基础上加用吡嗪酰胺。比较2组患者治疗6个月后的临床疗效(痰菌转阴率、结核空洞缩小率和病灶吸收率),统计2组患者治疗前、治疗6个月后肺功能指标[肺活量(forced vital capacity, FVC)、第一秒用力呼气容积(forced expiratory volume in one second, FEV1)和每分钟最大通气量(maximal voluntary ventilation, MVV)]、免疫功能指标[免疫球蛋白A(immunoglobulin A,IgA)、免疫球蛋白G(immunoglobulin G,IgG)、自然杀伤细胞(natural killer cell, NK)和T淋巴细胞亚群(CD4+T、CD8+T)]、氧化应激指标[血清总氧化态(total oxidation state of serum, TOS)、总抗氧化态(total antioxidant state, TAS)]水平,记录2组患者治疗后6个月内毒性和不良反应发生情况。结果 治疗6个月后,研究组患者痰菌转阴率、结核空洞缩小率显著高于对照组(P<0.05),病灶吸收率2组比较差异无统计学意义。2组患者肺功能指标(FVC、FEV1和MVV)、免疫功能指标(IgA、LgG、NK和CD4+T)、氧化应激指标(TAS)显著高于治疗前,且研究组高于对照组(P<0.05);CD8+T、TOS显著低于治疗前,且研究组显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。2组患者毒性和不良反应发生情况组间比较差异无统计学意义。结论 对于耐多药肺结核患者使用吡嗪酰胺可有效帮助患者修复肺功能与免疫功能,降低机体氧化应激损伤,具有较好的临床效果。

毒素-抗毒素系统的作用机制及其生物学功能的研究进展

毒素-抗毒素(toxin–antitoxin)系统(简称TA系统)广泛存在于原核生物的基因组和质粒中,它们由2种基本元件组成:稳定的毒素,其作用是抑制与细菌生长相关的关键环节,如DNA的复制、mRNA的稳定性、蛋白翻译和代谢调控等;不稳定的抗毒素,可以发挥拮抗毒素的作用.在某些特定条件下,抗毒素分解或丧失拮抗毒素的作用,从而使毒素发挥作用,抑制细胞生长.迄今已经发现了8种类型的TA系统,它们的作用机制各不相同,参与多种生命活动的调控,在细菌应激反应、抵御噬菌体、细菌持留形成以及致病菌耐药性形成中发挥重要作用.此外,TA系统还被作为工具用于研发新的生物技术,应用于科学研究和疾病防治.本文将综述TA系统的作用机制及其生物学功能,并介绍TA系统相关的生物技术研发进展.

食品中单核细胞增生李斯特菌的分型分布、致病性及耐逆性研究进展

单核细胞增生李斯特菌(Listeria monocytogenes,LM)是一种常见的食源性致病菌。LM有多种毒力因子可引发脑膜炎、败血症等疾病。LM在食品中分布广泛,具有较强的耐逆性对环境适应力强,其抗性基因在多种不适环境如酸性、碱性以及灭菌剂存在的条件下均有发现,对公共卫生和人体健康造成了巨大的威胁。食品中不同来源的LM,其分型分布、致病性、对抗菌药物的耐受程度以及对环境的适应性不尽相同,这与它们携带的毒力基因、抗性基因,以及各种酶有关。本文介绍了食品中LM的菌株分型分布,从LM的致病性、耐逆性及耐药性等方面分别进行综述,并对食品中LM的未来研究方向提出了展望,以期为食品中LM的预警、溯源及防控研究提供参考。