Effect of Agricultural Comprehensive Development on Increasing Income of Farmers in Jiangsu Hilly and Mountainous Areas

To adapt to rural and agricultural economic development,Jiangsu Province adjusted main task of comprehensive development of hilly and mountainous areas to supporting and promoting agricultural structural adjustment of hilly and mountainous areas and promoting increase of agricultural benefits and farmers' income. Through typical survey,this paper made an objective evaluation of effect of agricultural comprehensive development of hilly and mountainous areas in Jiangsu Province from increasing farmers' income. Results indicated that agricultural comprehensive development investment projects in Jiangsu hilly and mountainous areas are closely coupled with local agricultural production structure; financial funds promote social capital input to construction of economic forest,fruit and grass planting,and livestock raising. Through demonstration and guidance of farmers,it promoted adjustment of agricultural production structure and increased farmers' income. Finally,it came up with pertinent policy recommendations.

Comprehensive Evaluation on the Level of Agricultural Economic Development in Hubei Province Based on Principal Component Analysis

[Objectives]Hubei Province has a superior geographical location,and is located in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River,with pleasant climate and abundant natural resources.It is an important province of population,agriculture and resources in China.[Methods]Based on the data of Statistical Yearbook of Hubei 2018,the agricultural economic indicators of the cities and prefectures in Hubei Province were analyzed with principal component analysis method by using SPSS19.0.[Results]The comprehensive scores and rankings of the agricultural economic development level of the 17 cities and prefectures in Hubei Province were obtained.They were divided into four agricultural development levels.[Conclusions]According to the analysis results,corresponding policy recommendations were put forward to promote the development of agricultural economy in Hubei Province.

Guarantee Strategy for the Safety of Agricultural Industry in Hunan Province

The safety of agricultural industry in Hunan Province shows an upward trend from"basically safe"to"very safe",but the state in the"safe"or"very safe"range is still unstable.In view of this,Hunan Province should guarantee the agricultural production ability,cultivate and enhance the core competitiveness of agriculture,firmly grasp the agricultural control power,attach importance to the export quality of agri-cultural products and other aspects to ensure the safety of agricultural industry.

Natural Resource Conditions and Economic Development in the Uttaranchal Himalaya,India

Uttaranchal is bestowed with numerous rivers, huge forest resources ranging from tropical to temperate, tourists’ places, pilgrimages and feasible climatic conditions for growing fruits, vegetables, food grains, livestock rearing, tea garden practices, etc. The economic development, on the other hand, could not take place partly due to lack of modern technology with innovation in agricultural system and also unwillingness of the people towards using it. Furthermore, due to its harsh climatic conditions, rigorous terrain and distinct identity, as a part of Uttar Pradesh state, the development could not take place and today the state is believed to be one of the poorer states. Infrastructurally, this region is lagged behind due to its inaccessibility. The ideal geographical and agrarian conditions might be used evenly for the developmental processes. Ecologically, the whole region is fragile. The diverse socio-economic activities, harsh traditional beliefs and hard working potentials further change the entire scenario of the state. Only the need of the hours is to frame and implementation of the rational policies and planning for sustainable development of the state. What had appeared during the past, pertaining to the economic development, needs radical changes in policies, planning and beliefs. This paper aims to evaluate the present conditions of resources as a formof natural vegetation, agricultural crops, horticultural farming, herbs, tea garden practices, livestock rearing, hydropower projects and economic development of the Uttaranchal Himalaya.

Export-orientation Agricultural Comprehensive Development Zones

The following eight export-orienta-tion agricultural comprehensive de-velopment zones were approved tobe set up in October 1995: (1) Nantong Export-orientation Agri-cultural Comprehensive Development zoneis situated in the Rudong Coastal Reclama-tion Area with a planned area of 6,667 hec-tares. On the land high-yield cereals,

China's Agricultural Development: Structural Contradictions and Policy Transition

The primary contradiction facing China's agricultural development has shifted from the previous undersupply to structural contradictions. This paper dissects these structural contradictions in terms of sectoral structure, product structure, organizational structure, technical structure, trade structure and spatial structure. Since reform and opening-up in 1978, China has followed a growth-oriented agricultural policy to ensure steady yield increase. Indeed, this policy has effectively increased the output of agricultural produce, safeguarded national food security, and enhanced agricultural production capabilities. However, China's agriculture is yet to become internationally competitive, increase efficiency and farmers' income, and improve the quality and safety of agricultural produce. As China's agricultural development enters into a new stage of comprehensive transition and upgrade, it is essential for China's agricultural policy to shift from the progrowth policy characterized by the dependence on chemical fertilizers and pesticides to an efficiency and quality-oriented policy that pursues green agriculture.

电子商务进农村综合示范政策对县域农业增长的影响研究

本文利用2000—2019年我国县域数据,采用多期DID等方法探讨了电子商务进农村综合示范政策对县域农业发展水平的影响。研究结果显示,电子商务进农村综合示范政策对县域农业经济发展水平提高具有显著的促进作用,且这种促进作用具有长期效应。这一结果在考虑实验组非随机分配、更换因变量和调整样本后仍然稳健。电子商务进农村综合示范政策主要通过农业产业集聚、农业金融服务改善两个途径对县域农业发展水平产生影响。异质性分析表明,电子商务进农村综合示范政策对粮食主产区、经济欠发达地区、地形平缓地区的农业发展水平的促进作用更强。因此,应重视农村电子商务发展对推进乡村全面振兴、促进共同富裕的重要作用,政府要在农村电子商务带头人培训、电子商务基础设施建设、农业产业集聚的产业空间布局规划等方面发挥作用,注重数字普惠金融与县域农业发展的融合,强化数字普惠金融的支持力度。

云南县域特色农业发展指数评价与实证分析——以云南省X县为例

本文在解析特色农业概念与内涵的基础上,结合云南发展“三个经济”的重大部署,根据OSM指标体系构建原则形成云南县域特色农业发展指数评价指标体系,利用收集的X县2022年特色农业发展截面数据,通过专家打分方式获得模糊综合评价集,运用AHP进行权重测度,综合得出X县特色农业发展指数为74.879。分析X县各级指标得分,一级指标“园区经济”和“基础设施建设”对当地的特色农业发展贡献最大;“资源经济”和“口岸经济”评分均低于整体水平。在所有指标中,“资源经济”的“特色农产品认证”和“品牌影响力”两个指标和“口岸经济”的“口岸通达度”和“经济外向度”两个指标是制约当地特色农业发展的重要因素。最后根据X县特色农业发展现状提出4条建议:一是要充分挖掘本土农业资源,着力彰显特色农业显示度;二是要提升特色农业品牌建设水平;三是要着眼总部经济,提升经济外向度;四是要强化科技投入,不断提升科技支撑特色农业发展的力度。

面向农业强国:畜牧产业绿色高质量发展的基础、价值与路径

畜牧产业作为经济可持续发展的主要组成部分,如何在农业强国战略指引下实现绿色高质量发展成为重要议题。文章从支持政策持续加码、市场需求日益旺盛、畜牧产业竞争力不断增强三方面阐述我国畜牧产业绿色高质量发展的现实基础。面向农业强国,畜牧产业绿色高质量发展有助于驱动农业农村现代化、助力畜牧业经济高速增长与打造畜牧产业现代化生态。因此,文章提出增强畜牧产业政策扶持力度、提高畜牧产业信息化水平、建立畜禽商品冷链加工配送系统的创新路径,为实现农业强国战略目标提供重要支持。

涉农综合性高校新农科研究生教育融合式发展路径研究

新农科教育是高等教育变革的内在需要、农业农村发展的客观需求、高等教育强国建设的任务要求。高质量发展新农科研究生教育、持续提升研究生教育质量是全面增强涉农综合性高校涉农专业核心竞争力和助推区域经济社会发展的现实诉求。立足涉农综合性高校发展特色,准确把握新农科建设的内涵特征,充分发挥涉农综合高校的学科协同优势。结合现实考察,着力从“转变教育理念、交叉融合学科体系、深化产学研协作、创新组织结构”等方面探索新农科研究生教育融合性创新发展路径,以期提升涉农综合性新农科研究生教育水平。

河北省休闲农业与旅游业耦合协调关系研究

休闲农业是一项旅游性较强的新兴产业,深入探索休闲农业与旅游业的耦合协调关系是促进两者可持续发展的重要基础。基于此,本研究以河北省为例,构建休闲农业与旅游业评价指标体系,采用熵权法确定指标权重,利用线性加权法测算两系统的综合发展指数,最后利用耦合协调度模型测算2013—2022年河北省休闲农业与旅游业的耦合协调度。实证结果表明:河北省休闲农业与旅游业综合发展指数变动趋势大体保持一致,整体呈现先升后降的趋势,呈现倒“V”型态势,2013—2019年指数上升,2019年后受疫情影响逐渐下降;两系统耦合度较低,目前处于拮抗阶段,耦合协调度发展经历了中度失调、轻度失调、濒临失调、勉强协调、初级协调、勉强协调、濒临失调7个阶段,后期疫情对于两系统的发展影响较大;在划分类型上,以休闲农业主导性为主,两大系统相互支撑、相互促进作用显著。基于此,促进河北省休闲农业与旅游业耦合协调关系进一步健康发展,应建立耦合协调发展管理机制、加强政府扶持及完善基础设施等。

关于统筹新型城镇化和乡村全面振兴的思考

本文分析了新时代新征程统筹新型城镇化和乡村全面振兴的必要性,探讨了统筹新型城镇化和乡村全面振兴面临的问题和挑战,进而提出了统筹新型城镇化和乡村全面振兴的指导思想、基本原则和主要目标。在此基础上,提出了统筹新型城镇化和乡村全面振兴的战略思路与对策建议,即要注意发挥规划引领作用,并增强县城、中心镇、特色小镇等的磁力效应;要坚持农业农村优先发展方针,加强对推进乡村全面振兴的政策支持;要全面深化农业农村改革,并强化改革对发展的赋能效应;要深化新型城镇化乃至宏观层面的相关制度创新。

基于熵权TOPSIS模型的农业绿色发展水平评价——以河南省为例

现代农业绿色发展水平反映了农业综合实力,通过评估河南省农业绿色发展水平,可为河南省建设现代农业强省提供指导。本研究采用熵权TOPSIS模型,构建了包含资源节约、环境友好、生态保育、质量高效4个维度14个指标的农业绿色发展综合评价指数,对河南省2007—2021年农业绿色发展水平动态变化及河南省下辖18个地市2019—2021年农业绿色发展水平(3年的平均值)进行了综合分析。结果表明:反映河南省农业绿色发展水平的综合评价指数呈波动上升趋势,但该指数反映的整体水平仍然较低;河南省各地市之间农业绿色发展水平差异较大,西部地区明显低于其他地区;根据聚类分析结果,河南省不同地市可划分为Ⅰ区(现代农业区)、Ⅱ区(传统农业区)和Ⅲ区(都市农业发展区)3个区域类型。河南省各地市应依据本地资源禀赋,面向国家发展战略需要,因地制宜,重点突破影响现代农业绿色发展的薄弱环节,进一步推进农业绿色发展进程。

Multiple pollutants from crop and livestock production in the Yangtze River: status and challenges

The rapid increase in the proportion of cash crops and livestock production in the Yangtze River Basin has led to commensurate increases in fertilizer and pesticide inputs. Excessive application of chemical fertilizer, organophosphorus pesticides and inappropriate disposal of agricultural waste induced water pollution and potentially threaten Agriculture Green Development(AGD). To ensure food security and the food supply capacity of the Yangtze River Basin, it is important to balance green and development, while ensuring the quality of water bodies. Multiple pollutants affect the transfer, adsorption, photolysis and degradation of each other throughout the soil-plant-water system. This paper considers the impact of multi-pollutants on the nitrogen and phosphorus cycles especially for crops, which are related to achieving food security and AGD. It presents prospective on theory, modeling and multi-pollutant control in the Yangtze River Basin for AGD that are of potential value for other developing regions.

农畜产品生产基地建设研究进展和经验及对内蒙古的启示

[目的]梳理和总结国内外农畜产品生产基地建设方面的研究进展和经验,凝练对内蒙古建设国家重要农畜产品生产基地的启示。[方法]利用文献综述法分析国内外农畜产品生产基地建设领域的主要研究内容和成果;总结国内外农畜产品生产基地建设的主要经验做法;分析内蒙古农畜产品生产基地建设的现状及制约因素,提出高质量建设国家重要农畜产品生产基地的相关建议。[结果]国内外学者研究表明,农畜产品生产基地建设可以有效推动区域经济发展、优化农牧业产业结构、提升农畜产品质量。如美国、日本、澳大利亚以及部分欧洲国家,打造了在世界范围内具有知名度的农牧业生产基地或产业带;国内一些地区也结合本地区资源禀赋,打造了具有地方特色的农畜产品生产基地。这些建设经验对于内蒙古具有借鉴意义。内蒙古在建设国家重要农畜产品生产基地方面取得了积极成效,但仍面临自然资源约束、农牧业基础设施建设薄弱、科技支撑与创新能力有待提高、畜牧业产业链条延伸不足等问题。结合国内外农畜产品生产基地建设经验,从内蒙古实际情况出发,提出了加强农畜产品生产基地基础设施建设、提升农畜产品生产能力、加快新型经营体系建设、促进农牧业产业融合发展、强化科技服务体系建设、推进农牧业高质量发展、完善扶持政策和保障措施、形成绿色发展体系等方面的对策建议。[结论]研究结果为内蒙古高质量建设国家重要农畜产品生产基地、促进粮食和重要农畜产品稳定安全供给提供了参考。

以绿色发展促进乡村全面振兴:目标任务、基本依循与路径优化

推动绿色发展是实现乡村全面振兴的必由之路。新发展阶段,以绿色发展促进乡村全面振兴的目标任务是推动农业农村绿色转型升级,旨在构建农村绿色产业体系,打造乡村绿色和美环境,传承民间优秀绿色文化,构建生态共治格局,突出生态富民效益。以绿色发展促进乡村全面振兴要依循全面性、持续性、共生性和有序性基本原则,妥善处理好全局与局部、长远与当前、人类与自然、政府与市场的关系。探索以绿色发展促进乡村振兴的有效路径:制度设置层面应健全党领导农村工作体制机制,创新构建绿色政策体系;具体实践层面应全面准确地贯彻绿色发展理念,创新运用绿色技术,营造绿色生产生活环境。最终助力农业农村现代化,促进农业发展高质高效、农村环境宜居宜业、农民生活富裕富足。

区域农产品出口高质量发展的测度与评价——以新疆维吾尔自治区为例

本研究选取2004—2022年新疆农产品出口相关数据,基于新发展理念构建涵盖创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享5个维度的农产品出口高质量发展评价指标体系,测度了新疆农产品出口高质量发展的情况。研究表明:2004—2022年新疆农产品出口高质量发展水平有所改善;绿色发展指数、协调发展指数、共享发展指数、开放发展指数呈现上升趋势,创新发展指数先上升后下降。其中,创新发展指数下降幅度明显,是制约新疆农产品出口高质量发展的重要因素,绿色发展指数是新疆农产品出口高质量发展的重要贡献因素。此外,研究发现影响新疆农产品出口高质量发展的主要因素还包括出口竞争力和出口优势不足、对外贸易依存度下降和国际市场占有率小、出口市场集中度较高、带动就业能力不足等。基于以上研究,新疆在新发展阶段应建立农业就业补贴政策,加强农业发展储备力量;持续推动农业科技平台创新发展,培育农产品出口发展的新动能和新优势;抓住“一带一路”机遇,实现农产品出口高质量发展。