An innovative detection method of high frequency BPSK signal with low signal-to-noise ratio

Based on chaotic oscillator system, this paper proposes a novel method on high frequency low signal- to-noise ratio BPSK（ Binary Phase Shift Keying） signal detection. Chaotic oscillator system is a typical non-lin- ear system which is sensitive to periodic signals and immune to noise at the same time. Those properties make it possible to detect low signal-to-noise ratio signals. The BPSK signal is a common signal type which is widely used in modern communication. Starting from the analysis of advantages of chaotic, os~.illator system and signal features of the BPSK signal, we put forward a unique method that can detect low signar-to-noise ratio BPSK sig- nals with high frequency. The simulation results show that the novel method can dclct.t low signal-to-noise ratio BPSK signals with frequency in an order of magnitude of l0s Hz, and the input Signal-to-Noise Ratio threshold can be -20 dB.

Rice Crop Digital Image Compression Technology Based on Discrete Fourier Transform

[Objective] To study the digital image compression technology in rice monitoring system. [Method] A digital image compression technology program based on the discrete Fourier transform was proposed, and simulation experiments were carried out to compress the image at different compression ratios. [Result] When com- pression ratios were less than 30, the compression ratio, image entropy, average codeword length, coding efficiency and redundancy which reflected the quality of the coding, and the parameter PSNR which estimated the fidelity of the compressed im- age were all achieved good results that human eye could barely percept the differ- ence between the original image and decompressed image; and when the compres- sion ratios were more than 30, there was a certain distortion in the decompressed image. And when the compression ratio was 91.516 3, although the image had some distortion, the PSNR was still achieved to 21.528 2, and human eye could accept the decompressed image intuitively within the acceptable error range. [Conclusion] The results show that the proposed image compression program is a viable, effective, and better image compression technology which can satisfy the requirements of the crop monitoring system on image storage, transforming and transporting.

Long term integration of radar signals with unknown Doppler shift for ubiquitous radar

Ubiquitous radar is a new radar system that provides continuous and uninterrupted multifunction capability within a coverage volume. Continuous coverage from close-in ＂pop-up＂ targets in clutter to long-range targets impacts selection of waveform parameters. The coherent processing interval （CPI） must be long enough to achieve a certain signal-to-noise ratio （SNR） that ensures the efficiency of detection. The condition of detection in the case of low SNR is analyzed, and three different cases that would occur during integration are discussed and a method to determine the CPI is presented. The simulation results show that targets detection with SNR as low as -26 dB in the experimental system can possibly determine the CPI.

A New Approach Based on Set Partitioning in Hierarchical Tree Algorithm for Image Compression

In this paper, the authors propose a new approach to image compression based on the principle of Set Partitioning in Hierarchical Tree algorithm （SPIHT）. Our approach, the modified SPIHT （MSPIHT）, distributes entropy differently than SPIHT and also optimizes the coding. This approach can produce results that are a significant improvement on the Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio （PSNR） and compression ratio obtained by SPIHT algorithm, without affecting the computing time. These results are also comparable with those obtained using the Embedded Zerotree Wavelet （EZW） and Joint Photographic Experts Group 2000 （JPG2） algorithms.

当量比分层压燃的火焰发展特性与控制机制

针对柴油机当量比分层充量压缩着火的可控性问题,基于OpenFOAM平台构建了一维分层充量自燃及火焰发展的理论模型,在压力为6MPa、温度为850 K工况条件下,研究了当量比分层压缩燃烧过程的基本特征和控制机制,以及当量比分层策略对燃烧过程的调控作用.结果表明:当量比分层压燃早期的组分扩散对化学反应影响较大,中期主要受化学反应和压力波耦合后的共同控制,而后期化学反应和压力波解耦,主要受化学反应控制,压力波影响较小;小负荷工况(整体当量比为0.3)下通过组织合理的充量分层可以使50%放热对应的时间从1.312 ms缩短到0.685 ms,燃烧速度提高近1倍,而大负荷工况(整体当量比为0.7)下可以通过部分分层策略将50%放热对应的时间从0.357 ms延长到0.477 ms.

Simple and effective method to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of compressive imaging

This Letter presents a simple and effective method to improve the signal-to-noise ratio（SNR） of compressing imaging. The main principles of the proposed method are the correlation of the image signals and the randomness of the noise. Multiple low SNR images are reconstructed firstly by the compressed sensing reconstruction algorithm, and then two-dimensional time delay integration technology is adopted to improve the SNR. Results show that the proposed method can improve the SNR performance efficiently and it is easy to apply the a lgorithm to the real project.

高轴压比下小剪跨比剪力墙的抗震性能试验研究

通过5片不同轴压比下小剪跨比剪力墙构件的低周反复荷载试验,研究了高轴压比对小剪跨比剪力墙的破坏模式、受剪承载力、延性、刚度特征及耗能能力的影响,并对加载全过程中剪力墙腹板双向钢筋的受力情况及传力机制进行分析。研究结果表明:所有构件均发生了剪切破坏,并在高轴压力作用下发生了平面外的错动;高轴压比阻碍了裂缝的产生及发展,提高了构件的受剪承载力,但在构件达到峰值荷载后,强度和刚度退化剧烈,极限位移小,提高边缘约束构件配箍率可以有限地提高构件的变形能力、延性及耗能能力,但对破坏模式、传力机制的影响不大。轴压比对构件的传力机制有着显著的影响,当轴压比较小时,桁架作用明显,水平钢筋与竖向钢筋对受剪承载力的贡献相当,均能充分发挥作用;当轴压比较高时,拱作用明显,水平钢筋未能充分发挥作用,对受剪承载力的贡献有限,竖向钢筋主要对拱作用有贡献。

空气源热管热泵技术用于煤矿井筒防冻的节能安全研究

针对煤矿井筒防冻这种特殊供热需求,本文采用分体式热管作为空气源热泵的冷凝换热器,空气源热泵采用低冷凝温度,小压比高效运行,根据热力学第二定律,热泵系统能效比高,同时可以在低温环境下安全运行。通过实验样机测试,验证了热泵系统小压比运行能效比很高,同时热管换热器可以提供较高温度的热风。通过2023年冬季在邢东煤矿井筒防冻的工业实验应用,验证了小压比高效能空气源热管热泵系统完全可以满足井筒防冻供热需求,能够为煤矿井筒防冻提供能源应急保障、同时系统稳定,在环境温度-20℃下不但可以可靠供热,系统能效比也超过了3.0,远高于传统空气源热泵,节能效果显著、运行安全。该技术为煤矿提供了节能、安全的井筒防冻技术手段。

Combining Radon-ambiguity transform with second-order difference to improve detection probability of LFM signals in low SNR

The Radon-ambiguity transform （RAT）, although efficient for detecting the linear frequency modulated signals （LFMs）, is troubled by the energy accumulation of noise in low signal-to-noise ratio （SNR）. A secondorder difference （SOD） method is proposed to treat with this problem. In the SOD method, the optimal search step and difference step are derived from the LFM rate resolution formula. The sharpness of the peaks of RAT is measured by curvature, and the sharpness, but not the magnitude of the peaks, is used to detect the LFMs. The SOD method removes the noise energy accumulation and reserves the drastically changing components integrally; thus, it improves the detection probability of LFMs in low SNR. The expected performance of the new method is verified by 100 Monte Carlo simulations.

An improved Gaussian frequency domain sparse inversion method based on compressed sensing

The traditional compressed sensing method for improving resolution is realized in the frequency domain.This method is aff ected by noise,which limits the signal-to-noise ratio and resolution,resulting in poor inversion.To solve this problem,we improved the objective function that extends the frequency domain to the Gaussian frequency domain having denoising and smoothing characteristics.Moreover,the reconstruction of the sparse refl ection coeffi cient is implemented by the mixed L1_L2 norm algorithm,which converts the L0 norm problem into an L1 norm problem.Additionally,a fast threshold iterative algorithm is introduced to speed up convergence and the conjugate gradient algorithm is used to achieve debiasing for eliminating the threshold constraint and amplitude error.The model test indicates that the proposed method is superior to the conventional OMP and BPDN methods.It not only has better denoising and smoothing eff ects but also improves the recognition accuracy of thin interbeds.The actual data application also shows that the new method can eff ectively expand the seismic frequency band and improve seismic data resolution,so the method is conducive to the identifi cation of thin interbeds for beach-bar sand reservoirs.

Blind parameter estimation of pseudo-random binary code-linear frequency modulation signal based on Duffing oscillator at low SNR

Conventional parameter estimation methods for pseudo-random binary code-linear frequency modulation(PRBC-LFM)signals require prior knowledge,are computationally complex,and exhibit poor performance at low signal-to-noise ratios(SNRs).To overcome these problems,a blind parameter estimation method based on a Duffing oscillator array is proposed.A new relationship formula among the state of the Duffing oscillator,the pseudo-random sequence of the PRBC-LFM signal,and the frequency difference between the PRBC-LFM signal and the periodic driving force signal of the Duffing oscillator is derived,providing the theoretical basis for blind parameter estimation.Methods based on amplitude method,short-time Fourier transform method,and power spectrum entropy method are used to binarize the output of the Duffing oscillator array,and their performance is compared.The pseudo-random sequence is estimated using Duffing oscillator array synchronization,and the carrier frequency parameters are obtained by the relational expressions and characteristics of the difference frequency.Simulation results show that this blind estimation method overcomes limitations in prior knowledge and maintains good parameter estimation performance up to an SNR of-35 dB.

氨/柴油燃烧模型构建及低速机性能优化

基于化学反应动力学及三维计算流体动力学(CFD)耦合开展了低压氨/柴油双燃料低速机的燃烧和排放仿真研究.构建了氨/柴油双燃料机理,其滞燃期、层流火焰速度及重要组分浓度的计算结果与试验结果吻合良好;在CONVERGE中建立了低速船机的三维CFD模型,确定了G方程模型中NH3燃料层流火焰速度的经验参数,研究了压缩比和当量比对氨/柴油双燃料低速机性能的影响.结果表明:适当提高压缩比可以改善氨着火燃烧的稳定性,压缩比为14.5可获得较高效率并将最大爆发压力控制在合理范围;氨燃料当量比在0.410附近性能达到最优,当量比更高使着火过于提前、燃烧温度大幅提高,导致热效率下降和NO_(x)排放明显升高,而当量比更低时指示热效率降低.在当量比为0.410、压缩比为14.5时氨/柴油双燃料低速机获得了效率及排放相互折衷下的最优值.

Tracking algorithm of BPSK signal in low bit SNR and high dynamic scenarios

A new tracking algorithm is proposed aiming at the tracking problem in low bit signal-to- noise ratio （i. e. , Eb/N0 ） scenarios, in which the bit clock regenerated by bit synchronization loop decides loop update moment. The double frequency processing and non-coherent accumulation tech- nologies are applied to eliminate the impact of data polarity inversion, and then long time accumula- tion improves the input signal-to-noise ratio of discriminator. The frequency locked loop and phase locked loop constitute a carrier loop in parallel, which can meet the high dynamic demands. The ef- fectiveness of this algorithm has been corroborated by theoretical analysis, simulation and measure- ments, and the new tracking algorithm has been used in an aerospace engineering project successfully.

Novel Frame Shift and Integral Technique for Enhancing Low-Light-Level Moving Images

A novel frame shift and integral technique for the enhancement of low light level moving image sequence is introduced. According to the technique, motion parameters of target are measured by algorithm based on difference processing. To obtain spatial relativity, images are shifted according to the motion parameters. As a result, the processing of integral and average can be applied to images that have been shifted. The technique of frame shift and integral that includes the algorithm of motion parameter determination is discussed, experiments with low light level moving image sequences are also described. The experiment results show the effectiveness and the robustness of the parameter determination algorithm, and the improvement in the signal-to-noise ratio （SNR） of low light level moving images.

采用钢套筒约束装配式混凝土节点的滞回性能

提出一种节点核心区采用钢套筒约束的装配式混凝土节点,实现梁柱节点的完全预制,提高结构的装配效率。约束钢套筒内沿梁上下部纵筋位置各设置一块可使柱钢筋穿过的内隔板,约束钢套筒外侧与梁纵筋连接。设计了3个采用钢套筒约束的装配式混凝土节点试件、1个现浇钢筋混凝土节点试件进行低周往复荷载试验,研究钢套筒厚度、轴压比等不同参数下装配式混凝土节点的滞回性能。结果表明:钢套筒约束装配式混凝土节点滞回性能优于现浇钢筋混凝土节点;钢套筒约束核心区屈服后预制梁端发生塑性铰破坏,钢套筒约束装配式混凝土节点性能可达到预期效果;钢套筒约束装配式混凝土节点在相同轴压比0.6作用下,钢套筒厚度对滞回性能影响不大;试件钢套筒厚度相同情况下,试件SPJ-3在轴压比0.3作用下,前期刚度下降。

高速铁路中低压缩性土路基工后沉降计算方法研究

控制高速铁路工后沉降是保证高速列车安全运营的关键。为解决目前路基工后沉降计算不准确的问题,从3个方面入手,建立适宜于高铁中低压缩性土路基工后沉降的计算方法。首先,利用基于变形时间效应的压缩层厚确定方法,提高了中低压缩性土压缩层厚度的计算精度;其次,基于众多高铁中低压缩性土路基实测数据,提出适应于高铁路基柔性荷载的中低压缩性土路基总沉降修正系数ψs,以及施工期沉降完成比例η。在此基础上,通过对比3个不同实际工点的工后沉降实测数据和计算结果表明,针对中低压缩性土路基工后沉降计算方法更符合工程实际,可为高铁中低压缩性土地基处理及路基铺轨提供依据。

低温固结阻水砂的研制及在春光油田的应用

春光油田稀油油藏成岩强度低,隔层厚度薄、破坏压差小。油田目前综合含水超过80%,出细粉砂严重,机械防砂有效期短,挤压充填防砂诱发隔层破坏导致底水锥进,水淹油层,而化学固砂施工风险大,国内覆膜砂固结温度相对较高(不小于50℃),不能完全满足地层温度下固结防砂的需要。根据疏水材料接触界面憎水、聚合物分子膜溶胀等机理,研发了一种固结阻水砂,室内实验显示,阻水砂能在20~60℃的条件下48 h内固化,40~50℃的固结抗压强度超过6 MPa,50℃初始固结时间83 min,48 h达到8.25 MPa,固化强度和初始固结时间满足现场固结防砂需要。测试阻水砂固结体表面水相接触角为90.9°~105.2°,具有疏水性。岩心流动实验表明,阻水砂人工岩心驱水阻力大于驱油阻力,水油阻力比值大于1,表现出良好的阻水透油性能。现场试验施工2井次,油井恢复产状后,综合含水下降7%~12%,取得了明显的增油降水效果。

矩形-八边形组合螺旋箍筋柱抗震性能分析

为研究矩形-八边形组合螺旋箍筋混凝土柱的抗震性能,本文对其(RCC1、RCC4)以及手工绑扎矩形箍筋柱(RCC2、RCC5)、井字形箍筋(RCC3、RCC6)柱开展了0.2、0.8轴压比下足尺低周反复荷载试验研究。结果表明:3种不同箍筋形式的混凝土柱在0.2和0.8轴压比下分别以大偏心压弯破坏、小偏心压弯破坏为标志;在0.2和0.8轴压比下的滞回曲线均较为饱满且在相同轴压比下的耗能基本一致。0.2轴压比下,RCC1的承载力分别比RCC2、RCC3的承载力高2.5%和3.7%,RCC1的位移延性分别比RCC2、RCC3的位移延性高4.6%和2.3%;0.8轴压比下,RCC4的承载力分别比RCC5、RCC6的承载力高4.6%和6.65%,RCC4的位移延性分别比RCC5、RCC6的位移延性高9.5%和4.2%。

高层钢筋混凝土核心筒的抗震性能试验研究

共设计了5组钢筋混凝土核心筒试件,研究了相同轴压比、低周反复加载作用下配筋率、高宽比和加载角度等因素对钢筋混凝土核心筒抗震性能的影响。结果表明,5组钢筋混凝土核心筒试件的裂缝都呈竖向弯曲状、萌生于腹板墙体中部的连梁角落处,滞回曲线和层间位移滞回曲线都呈现出捏拢特征;HXT-1、HXT-2、HXT-3和HXT-5试件呈现出弯曲破坏形态,而HXT-4试件主要以剪切破坏为主。5组钢筋混凝土核心筒试件的侧移曲线形状相似,楼层侧移随着楼层高度增加而逐渐增大,都呈现“弯剪型”变形特征,其中,HXT-5试件的整体侧移相较其它试件更大,这主要与试件的剪切变形较为充分有关。增大配筋率或减小连梁跨高比会一定程度提高极限承载力,但是延性会相对降低;增大高宽比会降低极限承载力,而延性相对更好;加载方向从0°转变为45°时,试件的极限承载力增大,且极限承载力对应的位移明显增加。跨高比对钢筋混凝土核心筒的影响最大,其次为连梁配筋率,而高宽比和加载角度对强度衰减影响较小,HXT-4试件的强度衰减最为显著。

高压缩比汽油压燃低负荷燃烧优化控制策略试验研究

基于6缸柴油发动机的汽油压燃发动机试验台架,系统研究了喷油策略对采用高压缩比燃烧室的汽油压燃低负荷燃烧和排放特性的影响。结果表明:提高压缩比可有效改善汽油压燃低负荷燃烧稳定性、燃烧效率和指示热效率,同时降低CO和HC排放,但存在最大压力升高率过大的问题。采用两次喷射策略可有效控制最大压力升高率;预喷油量为3 mg、喷射间隔为10°时可将最大压力升高率从1.174 MPa/(°)降低为0.380 MPa/(°),压力循环波动率为0.97%,同时获得较高的指示热效率和较低的排放。采用高压缩比耦合优化喷油策略,可在平均有效压力为0.2 MPa工况下实现高效稳定燃烧,有效改善汽油压燃在低负荷下燃烧稳定性差的问题。