A comparison of conventional and computer-assisted semen analysis.（CRISMAS software） using samples from 166 young Danish men

The aim of the present study was to compare assessments of sperm concentration and sperm motility analysed by conventional semen analysis with those obtained by computer-assisted semen analysis （CASA） （Copenhagen Rigshospitalet Image House Sperm Motility Analysis System （CRISMAS） 4.6 software） using semen samples from 166 young Danish men. The CRISMAS software identifies sperm concentration and classifies spermatozoa into three motility categories. To enable comparison of the two methods, the four motility stages obtained by conventional semen analysis were, based on their velocity classifications, divided into three stages, comparable to the three CRISMAS motility categories： rapidly progressive （A）, slowly progressive （B） and non-progressive （C＋ D）. Differences between the two methods were large for all investigated parameters （P〈0.001）. CRISMAS overestimated sperm concentration and the proportion of rapidly progressive spermatozoa and, consequently, underestimated the percentages of slowly progressive and non-progressive spermatozoa, compared to the conventional method. To investigate whether results drifted according to time of semen analysis, results were pooled into quarters according to date of semen analysis. CRISMAS motility results appeared more stable over time compared to the conventional analysis; however, neither method showed any trends. Apparently, CRISMAS CASA results and results from the conventional method were not comparable with respect to sperm concentration and motility analysis. This needs to be accounted for in clinics using this software and in studies of determinants of these semen characteristics.

计算机辅助精子分析用精液样本的稀释条件及标准化研究

目的探讨计算机辅助精子分析(CASA)系统检测高浓度精液样本的稀释条件及标准。方法当精子浓度<50×10^(6)/mL时不稀释;当≥50×10^(6)/mL时,按1:[n/(50×10^(6))]的比例[n为精子浓度,n/(50×10^(6))向下取整]用生理盐水稀释至50×10^(6)/mL以下。采用CASA系统和10μm深度一次性计数板检测精液样本,分为未稀释组(组1:精子浓度<50×10^(6)/mL).50×10^(6)/mL≤精子浓度<100×10^(6)/mL组(组2)、精子浓度≥100×10^(6)/mL组(组3),稀释前后分析各组精子浓度、前向运动精子百分率(PR)、非前向运动精子百分率(NP)精子活动率(PR+NP)和不活动精子百分率(IM)等,比较稀释前后结果的一致性。采用ROC曲线预测最佳稀释阈值。结果随着精子浓度的增加,稀释前后各参数差异逐渐增大。ROC曲线分析结果显示,分别用精子浓度、PR+NP、PR、NP、IM預測时,精液标本的最佳稀释阈值分别为133.05×10^(6)/mL.101.75×10^(6)/ml.118.60×10^(6)/mL.90.90×10^(6)/m111.83×10^(6)/mL.结合高浓度精液样本未稀释检测时对精子浓度和NP的影响最大,确定最佳稀释固值为125.08×10^(6)/ml。结论建议当精子浓度>125×10^(6)/mL时,应对精液样本进行生理盐水稀释。

精子DFI、精子形态学对于男性生育力及辅助生殖技术中的预测价值研究

目的探讨精子DNA碎片指数(DFI)、精子形态学对男性生育力、辅助生殖技术中的预测价值。方法对开封市中医院2021年6月至2022年6月期间人工授精(IUI)的150个周期妊娠结局与DFI之间的相关性进行回顾性分析,观察不同组别(DFI<15%的低DFI组和DFI≥15%的高DFI组)的生化妊娠率、临床早产率、临床妊娠率,结合男方精子形态学、生活方式,分析精子DFI与精子形态学、男性年龄、生活方式的关系。结果在IUI临床结局中,低DFI组生化妊娠率(17.71%)、临床妊娠率(15.62%)高于高DFI组(16.67%、12.96%),但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);低DFI组IUI临床早产率(3.12%)较低于高DFI组(14.81%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);低DFI组精子活力、精子浓度、正常形态率较高DFI组高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);精子各参数在正常参考范围的精子DFI较异常精子参数的精子DFI低。不液化精液、精子浓度、活力以及正常形态率低于正常参考值下限的精液DFI较液化精液高于参考下限的精子DFI高,差异有统计学意(P<0.05);不同年龄阶段精子DFI存在明显差异,三组间任意两组精子DFI差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同饮酒次数精子DFI存在明显差异,不饮酒和饮酒次数>2次/周、1~2次/周、>2次/周组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);吸烟>20支/d组与其他三组比较精子DFI差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);相关性分析发现,精子DFI与精子液化状态、精子活力、精子浓度以及正常形态率呈负相关性,与男性年龄、不良生活方式呈正相关性。结论精子DFI与精子形态学有较强相关性,不良生活方式会提升精子DFI,继而导致男性生育力降低,可见经由观察精子DFI变化可评估男性生育力,但精子DFI变化情况却难以有效预测IUI临床妊娠结局,正因如此临床医师针对生育力较弱的男性,不建议通过检测精子DFI来决策辅助生殖技术方案。

Influence of several uropathogenic microorganisms on human sperm motility parameters in vitro

Aim: The effects of certain uropathogenic microorganisms (Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Mycobacterium tuberculosis) on human sperm motility characteristics were studied in vitro. Methods: In 10 healthy fertile men, ejaculates were aseptically obtained by masturbation and With a swim-up technique, a sperm suspension of high motility and purity was obtained. Several uropathogenic bacteria were obtained from outpatients with genitourinary tract infections. The sperm suspension was incubated with the pathogens at a bacteria: sperm ratio of 50:1 at 37℃. The sperm mobility parameters were estimated with a computerassisted sperm analyzer (CASA) provided with a multiple-exposure photography system (Madi Corp., Zhejiang, China). Measurements were carried out at 0, 2 and 4 hours of incubation. Results: Staphylococcus aureus significantly decreased the sperm motility and viability, but Staphylococcus epidermidis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae did not. Conclusion: Staphylococcus aureus has an inhibitory effect on human sperm motility in vitro.

Sperm speed is associated with sex bias of siblings in a human population

Recent studies investigating possible causes of male subfertility have largely focused on how lifestyle or environmental factors impact on the process of spermatogenesis, Markedly, fewer studies have investigated those risk factors that result in reduced sperm quality, such as poor sperm motility. The speed at which sperm swim is a major predictor of fertility and is extremely variable in human populations. It has been hypothesized that offspring sex may be adaptively manipulated to maximize the offspring＇s reproductive fitness （e.g., parents with genes for good male fertility traits, such as high sperm speed, would produce primarily sons and fewer daughters because the offspring will inherit advantageous male fertility genes）. Conversely, parents with poor male fertility genes would produce primarily daughters, We tested whether there was an association between how fast a man＇s sperm swam and the sex bias of his siblings in a sample of men attending clinic for fertility investigations with their partner and with a wide range of semen characteristics, including sperm speed. We found that the sex bias of a man＇s siblings is associated with his sperm speed; men with female-biased siblings had significantly slower sperm （judged using computer-assisted sperm analysis （CASA）） than men from male-biased sibships. This observation suggests family composition is an important factor that needs to be considered in future eDidemiological and clinical studies of human fertility,

Computer-assisted sperm morphometry fluorescence-based analysis has potential to determine progeny sex

This study was designed to determine the ability of computer-assisted sperm morphometry analysis （CASA-Morph） with fluorescence to discriminate between spermatozoa carrying different sex chromosomes from the nuclear morphometrics generated and different statistical procedures in the bovine species. The study was divided into two experiments. The first was to study the morphometric differences between X- and Y-chromosome-bearing spermatozoa （SX and SY, respectively）. Spermatozoa from eight bulls were processed to assess simultaneously the sex chromosome by FISH and sperm morphometry by fluorescence-based CASA-Morph. SX cells were larger than SY cells on average （P 〈 0.001） although with important differences between bulls. A simultaneous evaluation of all the measured features by discriminant analysis revealed that nuclear area and average fluorescence intensity were the variables selected by stepwise discriminant function analysis as the best discriminators between SX and SY. In the second experiment, the sperm nuclear morphometric results from CASA-Morph in nonsexed （mixed SX and SY） and sexed （SX） semen samples from four bulls were compared. FISH allowed a successful classification of spermatozoa according to their sex chromosome content. X-sexed spermatozoa displayed a larger size and fluorescence intensity than nonsexed spermatozoa （P 〈 0.05）. We conclude that the CASA-Morph fluorescence-based method has the potential to find differences between X- and Y-chromosome-bearing spermatozoa in bovine species although more studies are needed to increase the precision of sex determination by this technique.

长期超低温冷冻保存对鞍带石斑鱼精子超微结构及酶活性的影响

为探究长期超低温冷冻保存中鞍带石斑鱼精子质膜、活力、超微结构及酶活性的变化,阐明影响鞍带石斑鱼精子冷冻保存质量的相关机制。实验采集2022年鞍带石斑鱼鲜精及储存时间分别为23、49和61个月的冷冻保存精液,用伊红-苯胺黑染色方法检测精子质膜完整性;用计算机辅助精子分析仪(CASA)检测精子运动参数;测量精浆和精子中琥珀酸脱氢酶(SDH)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)、总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)和肌酸激酶(CK)共6种酶活性的变化及三磷酸腺苷(ATP)浓度变化;用扫描电镜和透射电镜观察鲜精和冻精超微结构。结果显示,伊红-苯胺黑染色后,鲜精质膜完整性最高,为83.43%±2.73%,经过超低温冷冻后,精子质膜完整性显著降低,且随着冷冻保存时间的延长而逐渐降低。CASA结果显示,鲜精活力最高,为90.47%±3.34%,经过超低温冷冻后精子活力显著降低,但长期保存23~61个月的精子活力无显著差异,精子活力保持在(63.95%±3.66%)~(68.58%±2.73%),具有稳定的活力,且鲜精与冻精之间精子平均直线运动速度(VSL)、平均曲线运动速度(VCL)和平均路径速度(VAP)均没有显著差异。精子超微结构显示,鲜精形态结构正常、线粒体排列结构规则、形态大小正常。经过超低温冷冻保存后,精子形态结构损伤明显,表现为精子头部质膜破损、细胞质外漏、细胞核膜破损、尾部鞭毛断裂或脱落等。鞍带石斑鱼精浆和精子超低温冷冻前后6种酶活性的变化及ATP含量结果显示,经过超低温冷冻后,精子内SOD、GSH-Px和CAT及ATP含量均显著降低。精浆中酶活性升高,除GR和CAT外,其余酶活性均差异显著。研究表明,长期超低温冷冻对鞍带石斑鱼精浆和精子酶活性、精子活力及精子超微结构均具有较显著的影响。本研究结果为鱼类精子冷冻损伤机理研究积累了丰富的数据,为鱼类精子长期冷冻保存提供了技术参考和评价指标。

A systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the effect of sperm DNA damage on in vitro fertilization and intracytoplasmic sperm injection outcome

Sperm DNA damage is prevalent among infertile men and is known to influence natural reproduction. However, the impact of sperm DNA damage on assisted reproduction outcomes remains controversial. Here, we conducted a meta-analysis of studies on sperm DNA damage （assessed by SCSA, TUNEL, SCD, or Comet assay） and clinical pregnancy after IVF and/or ICSI treatment from MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PUBMED database searches for this analysis. We identified 41 articles （with a total of 56 studies） including 16 IVF studies, 24 ICSI studies, and 16 mixed （IVF ＋ ICSI） studies. These studies measured DNA damage （by one of four assays： 23 SCSA, 18 TUNEL, 8 SCD, and 7 Comet） and included a total of 8068 treatment cycles （3734 IVF, 2282 ICSI, and 2052 mixed IVF ＋ ICSI）. The combined OR of 1.68 （95% Ch 1.49-1.89; P 〈 0.0001） indicates that sperm DNA damage affects clinical pregnancy following IVF and/or ICSI treatment. In addition, the combined OR estimates of IVF （16 estimates, OR = 1.65; 95% CI： 1.34-2.04; P 〈 0.0001）, ICSI （24 estimates, OR = 1.31; 95% Ch 1.08-1.59; P = 0.0068）, and mixed IVF ＋ ICSI studies （16 estimates, OR = 2.37; 95% Ch 1.89-2.97; P〈 0.0001） were also statistically significant. There is sufficient evidence in the existing literature suggesting that sperm DNA damage has a negative effect on clinical pregnancy following IVF and/or ICSI treatment.

A comparative study of the morphometry of sperm head components in cattle, sheep, and pigs with a computer-assisted fluorescence method

The aim of this study was to compare the sperm nuclear and acrosomal morphometry of three species of domestic artiodactyls; cattle （Bos taurus）, sheep （Ovis aries）, and pigs （Sus scrofa）. Semen smears of twenty ejaculates from each species were fixed and labeled with a propidium iodide-Pisum sativum agglutinin （PI/PSA） combination. Digital images of the sperm nucleus, acrosome, and whole sperm head were captured and analyzed. The use of the PI/PSA combination and CASA-Morph fluorescence-based method allowed the capture, morphometric analysis, and differentiation of most sperm nuclei, acrosomes and whole heads, and the assessment of acrosomal integrity with a high precision in the three species studied. For the size of the head and nuclear area, the relationship between the three species may be summarized as bull 〉 ram 〉 boar. However, for the other morphometric parameters （length, width, and perimeter）, there were differences in the relationships between species for sperm nuclei and whole sperm heads. Bull sperm acrosomes were clearly smaller than those in the other species studied and covered a smaller proportion of the sperm head. The acrosomal morphology, small in the bull, large and broad in the sheep, and large, long, and with a pronounced equatorial segment curve in the boar, was species-characteristic. It was concluded that there are clear variations in the size and shape of the sperm head components between the three species studied, the acrosome being the structure showing the most variability, allowing a clear distinction of the spermatozoa of each species.

计算机辅助对几种鲟鱼冻精激活液的比较

首次在我国采用鱼类彩色精子图文分析系统(FSQAS-2000)对中华鲟、史氏鲟、西伯利亚鲟和匙吻鲟经超低温冷冻保存后的精子,在不同激活液条件下,平均曲线运动速度(VCL)、平均直线运动速度(VSL)、平均路径运动速度(VAP)、平均移动角度(MAD)、以及冷冻前后精子活率的变化等多项参数进行了统计学比较研究。研究分析了不同渗透压、pH以及含Mg^(2+)的激活液对这些参数的影响。研究结果表明:几种鲟鱼激活液的渗透压均较低,其中西伯利亚鲟最低,为10 mOsm·kg^(-1);中华鲟和史氏鲟为20 mOsm·kg^(-1);匙吻鲟最高,为30 mOsm·kg^(-1)。不同的渗透压对冷冻精子的VCL、VSL、VAP、以及精子活率均产生显著(P≤0.05)或极显著(P≤0.01)影响。激活液的pH除了对冷冻精子的上述参数产生影响外,最显著的是对精子的运动轨迹,即平均移动角度(MAD°·s^(-1))产生影响(P≤0.01)。pH越低,精子的MAD越小。几种鲟鱼的最适pH分别为西伯利亚鲟pH 7.5,中华鲟、史氏鲟和匙吻鲟pH 8.5。当4种鲟鱼的冷冻精子激活液中加入5 mmol·L^(-1)MgCl_2时,冷冻精子的3种运动速度显著提高(P≤0.01)。综合分析后认为:西伯利亚鲟的冷冻精子激活液应为10 mmol·L^(-1)Tris-HCl+5 mmol·L^(-1)MgCl_2,pH 7.5;中华鲟和史氏鲟的冷冻精子激活液为20 mmol·L^(-1)Tris-HCl+5 mmol·L^(-1)MgCl_2,pH 8.5;匙吻鲟的冷冻精子激活液为30 mmol·L^(-1)Tris-HCl+5 mmol·L^(-1) MgCl_2,pH 8.5。用此激活液对冷冻前后4种鲟鱼精子活力的相关性进行线性回归分析发现,西伯利亚鲟的R^2=0.8296(P<0.01);中华鲟的R^2=0.9860(P<0.01);史氏鲟的R^2= 0.9622(P<0.01);匙吻鲟R^2=0.9477(P<0.01)。说明冷冻前后4种鲟鱼精子的平均活率存在着极显著的线性正相关性。

黄芪拮抗镉诱导的大鼠脂质过氧化作用

目的 研究黄芪注射液拮抗氯化镉诱导的大鼠精子运动毒性及对脂质过氧化作用的影响。方法 将 4 8只SpragueDawley雄性大鼠随机分成低浓度黄芪组 (A1)、高浓度黄芪组 (A2 )、氯化镉组 (Cd)和对照组 (C)。连续 7d分别给A1组和A2 组大鼠腹腔注射黄芪注射液 5和 10g/(kg·d) ,Cd组大鼠腹腔注射等量蒸馏水作对照 ,然后再连续 7d给A1组、A2 组和Cd组大鼠分别同时腹腔注射氯化镉溶液 0 4mg/(kg d)。染镉后第 8d处死大鼠 ,用计算机辅助精子分析系统 (CASA)分析附睾精子运动参数 ,检测血清和睾丸组织总超氧化物歧化酶 (T -SOD)活力和丙二醛 (MDA)含量。结果 A2 组精子活率 (Mot)、前向运动精子百分率、曲线速度 (VCL)、平均路径速度 (VAP)和精子头摆幅度 (ALH)等参数明显高于Cd组 (P <0 0 5或P <0 0 1)。A2 组血清及睾丸组织MDA含量和T -SOD活力与Cd组比较均有显著性差异 (P <0 0 1)。结论 黄芪注射液对镉诱导的大鼠精子运动毒性有明显的拮抗作用 ,其机制可能与黄芪清除自由基作用有关。

辛硫磷对大鼠精子生成量和精子运动能力的影响

为探讨有机磷杀虫剂辛硫磷的雄性生殖毒性,运用动物实验研究了不同剂量辛硫磷经口染毒大鼠60天对精子生成量和精子运动能力的影响。采用计算机辅助精子分析仪(CASA)分析精子运动轨迹。结果显示:辛硫磷24.5和73.5m g/kgBW 染毒组,大鼠睾丸精子生成量低于对照组(P< 0.05和P< 0.01)。与对照组相比,精子的运动活力参数(曲线运动速度、直线运动速度、鞭打频率)和运动方式参数(直线性和前向性)均降低(P< 0.05和P< 0.01),且具有剂量依赖关系。提示辛硫磷大剂量(24.5和73.5m g/kgBW)对雄性大鼠有生殖毒性。

镉对大鼠精子运动能力影响的体外实验研究

[目的 ]研究镉对精子运动能力的直接作用。 [方法 ]应用计算机辅助精子分析 (CASA)系统研究了氯化镉对离体大鼠精子运动能力的影响。利用扩散法收集健康成年雄性 SD大鼠附睾尾精子 ,用氯化镉进行体外染毒 ,染毒浓度分别为 0 .5、 2 .0、 8.0 mg/ L (以镉计 )。分别在染毒 1 h和 2 h后应用 CASA系统对精子运动速度 (曲线运动速度、直线运动速度、平均路径速度、鞭打频率 )和运动方式 (前向性、直线性等 )进行检测。 [结果 ]在染毒 1 h后精子各项运动参数无明显改变。染毒 2 h后 ,镉的染毒浓度为 0 .5mg/ L时各项指标与对照组相比没有显著性差异 ;而染毒浓度为 2 .0和 8.0 mg/ L时 ,多项运动指标出现明显降低。 [结论 ]本次研究提示镉可作用于大鼠附睾尾精子 。

计算机辅助精液分析男性不育患者精子运动参数与精子活力的相关性

目的探讨计算机辅助精液分析精子运动参数在评价男性不育患者精子活力中的价值。方法按《WHO人类精液及精子-宫颈黏液相互作用实验检验手册》标准,采用国产WLJY-9000伟力彩色精子质量检测系统对276例男性不育患者的精液进行平均直线运动速度、平均曲线运动速度、运动的前向性、运动的直线性、运动的摆动性、平均路径速度、精子活力及分级等进行检测并分析其相关性。结果276名男性不育患者的平均精子活力为(48.93±19.10)%,分级为A级(32.11±17.25)%、B级(17.03±8.91)%、C级(10.14±5.99)%。平均直线运动速度、平均曲线运动速度、运动的前向性、运动的直线性、运动的摆动性、平均路径速度与精子活力的相关系数分别为0.60(P<0.01)、0.59(P<0.01)、0.51(P<0.01)、0.55(P<0.01)、0.52(P<0.01)、0.67(P<0.01)。结论计算机辅助精液分析精子运动参数平均直线运动速度、平均曲线运动速度、平均路径速度是反映精子活力的有效指标,精子运动参数对男性不育的诊断和生育能力的评估具有实用意义。

氰戊菊酯体外对大鼠精子运动能力的影响

目的:观察氰戊菊酯(Fen)对大鼠精子运动能力的直接作用。方法:收集7只健康成年雄性SD大鼠附睾尾精子,用Fen进行体外染毒,剂量分别为1、4、16、64μmol/L,以Fen溶剂(二甲亚砜)作为对照组。在染毒1、2、4 h后用计算机辅助精子分析(CASA)系统对精子运动速度[曲线运动速度(VCL)、直线运动速度(VSL)、平均路径速度(VAP)、鞭打频率(BCF)]和运动方式[前向性(STR)、直线性(LIN)]进行检测,观察Fen对离体大鼠精子运动能力的影响。结果:Fen染毒1、2 h后,可见64μmol/L组的VSL、BCF、LIN和STR与对照组相比差异有显著性(P<0.01或P<0.05)。染毒4 h后,除上述指标外,VCL在16、64μmol/L组与对照组相比也呈现出明显的下降(P<0.01)。时间-效应关系分析显示,Fen(16、64μmol/L)染毒4 h组与染毒1 h组相比,VCL和STR显著下降(P<0.01或P<0.05)。结论:Fen可作用于大鼠附睾尾精子,并对大鼠精子运动有直接毒性效应。

职业性接触氰戊菊酯农药对精液质量的影响

目的 :探讨氰戊菊酯农药对男性工人精液质量的影响 ,寻找早期效应性生物标志物。 方法 :分别选择某农药厂氰戊菊酯生产男性工人 32名为暴露组 ,厂行政办公区男性工作人员 4 6名为内对照组 ,另选择某疾病控制中心男性工作人员 2 2名为外对照组。对各组环境空气中氰戊菊酯及其相关溶剂如甲苯、二甲苯进行连续 3d的监测 ,评价暴露水平 ;按统一的实施标准收集一次性精液 ,用美国加州大学戴维斯分校 (UCDavis)推荐的方法对精液质量进行评价 ,同时应用计算机辅助精子分析系统 (CASA)对精子的运动能力进行分析。 结果 :暴露组空气中氰戊菊酯浓度明显高于内、外对照组 (P <0 .0 1) ,而甲苯、二甲苯浓度差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;暴露组精子总数、精子运动直线性 (LIN)、精子运动前向性 (STR)均显著低于内、外对照组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;精液粘稠度、凝集度及精子总数异常率显著高于内、外对照组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;精子活动度、鞭打频率 (BCF)显著低于外对照组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,活动度异常率显著高于外对照组 (P <0 .0 5 )。 结论

镉对大鼠精子运动参数的影响

目的 观察氯化镉对大鼠精子运动能力的毒性作用。 方法 分别以 0 1、0 2、0 4、0 8mg/kg体重氯化镉溶液腹腔注射大鼠 7d ,klinefelter扩散法收集健康成年雄性SpragueDawley大鼠附睾尾精子 ,应用CASA检测Mot、A级运动精子百分率、B级运动精子百分率、VCL、VSL、VAP、ALH、STR、LIN及WOB等参数。 结果 在 0 1mg/kg·d体重染镉组 ,Mot明显低于对照组 (P <0 0 5 ) ;随着染镉量的增加 ,各运动参数逐渐降低 ;在 0 4mg/kg·d体重染镉组 ,前向运动精子百分率、Mot、VCL、VSL、VAP、ALH和WOB明显低于对照组 (P <0 0 5或P <0 0 1) ;0 8mg/kg·d体重染镉组各参数与对照组比较差异均有显著性 (P <0 0 5或P <0 0 1)。

扑虱灵农药职业暴露对男工精液质量影响

目的探讨扑虱灵农药生产职业暴露对男工精液质量的影响。方法分别选择某农药厂扑虱灵生产男工18名为暴露组,厂行政办公区男性工作人员46名为内对照组,另选择某疾病预防控制中心男性工作人员22名为外对照组。对各组环境空气中扑虱灵及其相关化合物如四氯化碳及氯气进行连续3 d的监测,同时选择暴露区及外对照区各3人进行连续3 d的个体采样和皮肤污染量测定,评价暴露水平;按统一的实施标准收集一次性精液,用WHO推荐的方法对精液质量和精子的形态学进行评价,同时应用计算机辅助精子分析(CASA)系统对精子的运动能力进行分析。结果暴露组空气中扑虱灵、四氯化碳浓度明显高于内、外对照组(P<0.01),同时个体采样及皮肤污染量结果均显示暴露组扑虱灵浓度显著高于外对照组(P<0.01);暴露组精子活动度、精子直线性(LIN)显著低于对照组(P<0.05);暴露组精液量、精子活动度异常率以及精子尾部畸形、混合畸形发生率显著高于外对照组(P<0.05),混合畸形发生率还显著高于内对照组(P<0.05)。结论扑虱灵农药生产职业暴露对男工精液质量有一定的影响。

计算机辅助精液分析在不孕症诊疗中的应用价值探讨

目的探讨计算机辅助精液分析(CASA)在不孕症诊疗中的应用价值。方法对600份不育男性患者精液标本采用计算机辅助精液分析仪进行精液分析,并对其中的100份精液同时行人工常规精液分析(RSA)。对两种方法的精液密度、活力、活率、形态异常率进行对比分析。结果600份精液标本中,精液指标全部正常者274例(45.67%),精液指标中有一项或几项异常者326例(54.33%)。CASA与RSA两种方法比较,精液密度、活力、活率、形态异常率差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。结论计算机辅助精液分析准确、直观、快捷、经济,能为不孕症的诊断和治疗提供依据。

计算机辅助精子分析系统在大鼠精子运动能力测定中的应用

[目的]应用计算机辅助精子分析(computer assisted sperm analysis,CASA)技术研究氯化镉(CdCl_2)不同时间染毒对大鼠成熟精子运动能力的影响。[方法]用扩散法收集大鼠附睾尾成熟精子制成精子悬液,分8组,CdCl_2染毒浓度分别为0,0.5,1.0,2.0,4.0,8.0,16.0,32.0mg/L,每组6个平行样,染毒30min、1h、2h、4h后用CASA仪测定反映大鼠精子运动能力及运动方式的各项参数。[结果]CdCl_2染毒30min后,染毒组精子平均路径速度(VAP)、曲线运动速度(VCL)、直线运动速度(VSL)、直线性(LIN)和精子头侧摆幅度(ALH)等参数与对照组相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),鞭打频率(BCF)、前向性(STR)在1.0～32.0mg/L的染毒范围内差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),VAP值随着染毒浓度增加有降低的趋势(r=-0.348,P<0.05)。随着CdCl_2染毒浓度的增加和时间的延长,精子运动能力下降,呈现剂量-效应和时间-效应关系。[结论]体外CdCl_2染毒可以引起成熟精子的运动能力下降。