Shaking table experimental study of recycled concrete frame-shear wall structures

In this study, four 1/5 scaled shaking table tests were conducted to investigate the seismic performance of recycled concrete frame-shear wall structures with different recycled aggregates replacement rates and concealed bracing detail. The four tested structures included one normal concrete model, one recycled coarse aggregate concrete model, and two recycled coarse and fi ne aggregate concrete models with or without concealed bracings inside the shear walls. The dynamic characteristics, dynamic response and failure mode of each model were compared and analyzed. Finite element models were also developed and nonlinear time-history response analysis was conducted. The test and analysis results show that the seismic performance of the recycled coarse aggregate concrete frame-shear wall structure is slightly worse than the normal concrete structure. The seismic resistance capacity of the recycled concrete frame-shear wall structure can be greatly improved by setting up concealed bracings inside the walls. With appropriate design, the recycled coarse aggregate concrete frame-shear wall structure and recycled concrete structure with concealed bracings inside the walls can be applied in buildings.

Progressive collapse resisting capacity of reinforced concrete load bearing wall structures

Reinforced concrete(RC) load bearing wall is widely used in high-rise and mid-rise buildings. Due to the number of walls in plan and reduction in lateral force portion, this system is not only stronger against earthquakes, but also more economical. The effect of progressive collapse caused by removal of load bearing elements, in various positions in plan and stories of the RC load bearing wall system was evaluated by nonlinear dynamic and static analyses. For this purpose, three-dimensional model of 10-story structure was selected. The analysis results indicated stability, strength and stiffness of the RC load-bearing wall system against progressive collapse. It was observed that the most critical condition for removal of load bearing walls was the instantaneous removal of the surrounding walls located at the corners of the building where the sections of the load bearing elements were changed. In this case, the maximum vertical displacement was limited to 6.3 mm and the structure failed after applying the load of 10 times the axial load bored by removed elements. Comparison between the results of the nonlinear dynamic and static analyses demonstrated that the "load factor" parameter was a reasonable criterion to evaluate the progressive collapse potential of the structure.

Analysis on Construction Quality Control Technology of Reinforced Concrete Shear Wall Structure

In the process of continuous development of construction enterprises, new requirements have been put forward for construction projects. By strengthening the construction quality control of reinforced concrete shear wall structure, the construction level of reinforced concrete can be continuously improved, the construction quality can be guaranteed, and the construction project can be successfully completed, which is worthy of extensive application and promotion in construction enterprises, thus providing a broader development space for construction enterprises.

The Continuum Analytical Method of Steel Frame- Reinforced Concrete Shear Wall Mixed Structure

The inter-story drift stiffness considered the semirigidity of beam and column joints connection, and P-Delta second order effect of steel frame parts in the mixed structure is presented in the paper. After considering on the influence of semirigidity between steel beams and steel columns, second order effect of beam-column members for steel frame and structural second order effect, the traditional continuum analytial method used in RC shear-frames wall structure is developed to steel frames-reinforced concrete shear wall mixed structure subject to horizontal load in this paper. A continuum approach, which is suitable for analyzing steel frames-reinforced concrete shear wall mixed structure subject to horizontal load, is presented. The method is relatively simple and more practical. It will be referred to structural design for steel frames-reinforced concrete shear wall mixed structure.

Numerical Modeling Strategy for the Simulation of Nonlinear Response of Slender Reinforced Concrete Structural Walls

A three-dimensional nonlinear modeling strategy for simulating the seismic response of slender reinforced concrete structural walls with different cross-sectional shapes is presented in this paper.A combination of nonlinear multi-layer shell elements and displacement-based beam-column elements are used to model the unconfined and confined parts of the walls,respectively.A uniaxial material model for reinforcing steel bars that includes buckling and low-cyclic fatigue effects is used to model the longitudinal steel bars within the structural walls.The material model parameters related to the buckling length are defined based on an analytical expression for reinforcing steel bars embedded in reinforced concrete elements,which are developed based on beam-on-springs model,and validated with experimental tests of boundary elements of structural walls available in the literature.Six experimental case studies of reinforced concrete walls with rectangularshape,T-shape,and U-shape cross-section are used to validate the structural wall numerical modeling strategy.

Development of a new connection for precast concrete walls subjected to cyclic loading

The Industrialized Building System （IBS） was recently introduced to minimize the time and cost of project construction. Accordingly, ensuring the integration of the connection of precast components in IBS structures is an important factor that ensures stability of buildings subjected to dynamic loads from earthquakes, vehicles, and machineries. However, structural engineers still lack knowledge on the proper connection and detailed joints o fiBS structure construction. Therefore, this study proposes a special precast concrete wall-to-wall connection system for dynamic loads that resists multidirectional imposed loads and reduces vibration effects （PI2014701723）. This system is designed to connect two adjacent precast wall panels by using two steel U-shaped channels （i.e., male and female joints）. During casting, each joint is adapted for incorporation into a respective wall panel after considering the following conditions： one side of the steel channel opens into the thickness face of the panel; a U-shaped rubber is implemented between the two channels to dissipate the vibration effect; and bolts and nuts are used to create an extension between the two U-shaped male and female steel channels. The developed finite element model of the precast wall is subjected to cyclic loads to evaluate the performance of the proposed connection during an imposed dynamic load. Connection performance is then compared with conventional connections based on the energy dissipation, stress, deformation, and concrete damage in the plastic range. The proposed precast connection is capable of exceeding the energy absorption of precast walls subjected to dynamic load, thereby improving its resistance behavior in all principal directions.

Static behavior of semi-rigid thin-walled steel-concrete composite beam-to-column joints with bolted partial-depth flush end plate:experimental study

A new type of semi-rigid thin-walled steel-concrete composite beam-to-column joint has been proposed in this paper.Five semi-rigid composite beam-to-column joint specimens subjected to hogging moments under monotonic loading were tested to study the static behavior of this new type of joint.The main variable parameters for the five joint specimens were the longitudinal reinforcement ratio and the joint type.The experimental results designated that the magnitude of extension of the longitudinal reinforcement is the most important factor that influenced the moment-rotation characteristic of the new type of joint.The concrete slabs could resist 3.8%-19.1% of the total shear load applied to the cross-sections near the beam-to-column connection.The edge stiffened elements,such as the flange of the lipped I-section thin-walled steel beam,were capable of having considerable inelastic deformation capacity although they had comparatively large width-to-thickness ratios.The shear failure of the concrete cantilever edge strip must be taken into account in practical design because it has significant influence on the anchorage of the longitudinal reinforcement in the new type of external joints.

Structural Analysis of a RC Shear Wall by Use of a Truss Model

Purpose of present work is to develop a reliable and simple method for structural analysis of RC Shear Walls. The shear wall is simulated by a truss model as the bar of a truss is the simplest finite element. An iterative method is used. Initially, there are only concrete bars. Repeated structural analyses are performed. After each structural analysis, every concrete bar exceeding tensile strength is replaced by a steel bar. For every concrete bar exceeding compressive strength, first its section area is increased. If this is not enough, a steel bar is placed at the side of it. For every steel bar exceeding tensile or compressive strength, its section area is increased. After the end of every structural analysis, if all concrete and steel bars fall within tensile and compressive strengths, the output data are written and the analysis is terminated. Otherwise, the structural analysis is repeated. As all the necessary conditions (static, elastic, linearized geometric) are satisfied and the stresses of ALL concrete and steel bars fall within the tensile and compressive strengths, the results are acceptable. Usually, the proposed method exhibits a fast convergence in 4 - 5 repeats of structural analysis of the RC Shear Wall.

High-Rise Residential Reinforced Concrete Building Optimisation

In the last few decades structure optimisation has become a main task in a civil engineering project. As a matter of fact, due to the complexity and particularity of every structure, the great amount of variables and design criteria to considerate and many other factors, a general optimisation’s method is not simple to formulate. As a result, this paper focuses on how to provide a successful optimisation method for a particular building type, high-rise reinforced concrete buildings. The optimization method is based on decomposition of the main structure into substructures: floor system, vertical load resisting system, lateral load resisting system and foundation system;then each of the subsystems using the design criteria established at the building codes is improved. Due to the effect of the superstructure optimisation on the foundation system, vertical and lateral load resisting system is the last to be considered after the improvement of floor. Finally, as a case example, using the method explained in the paper, a 30-story-high high-rise residential building complex is analysed and optimised, achieving good results in terms of structural behaviour and diminishing the overall cost of the structure.

Function-Integrative Textile Reinforced Concrete Shells

This paper presents the development and technological implementation of textile reinforced concrete (TRC) shells with integrated functions, such as illumination and light control. In that regard the establishment of material, structural and technological foundations along the entire value chain are of central importance: From the light-weight design idea to the demonstrator and reference object, to the technological implementation for the transfer of the research results into practice. The development of the material included the requirement-oriented composition of a high-strength fine grained concrete with an integrated textile reinforcement, such as carbon knitted fabrics. Innovations in formwork solutions provide new possibilities for concrete constructions. So, a bionic optimized shape of the pavilion was developed, realized by four connected TRC-lightweight-shells. The thin-walled TRC-shells were manufactured with a formwork made of glass-fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP). An advantage of the GFRP-formwork is the freedom of design concerning the formwork shape. Moreover, an excellent concrete quality can be achieved, while the production of the precast concrete components is simple and efficient simultaneously. After the production the new TRC-shells were installed and assembled on the campus of TU-Chemnitz. A special feature of the research pavilions are the LED light strips integrated in the shell elements, providing homogeneous illumination.

钢管混凝土键连接框架梁和剪力墙的受剪性能

目的 研究钢管混凝土键连接框架梁和剪力墙的受剪性能,为工程应用提供设计依据。方法 应用有限元分析软件ABAQUS对比钢管混凝土键连接与现浇连接梁墙的结构受剪性能,分析前者受剪机理及不同因素对受剪性能的影响。结果 钢管混凝土键连接梁墙的结构承载力和延性系数较现浇结构分别提高约10%和34%;钢材强度从Q235到Q390,初始刚度增加8.44%;截面高度从100 mm到120 mm,延性系数提高17.73%;截面厚度每增加2 mm,承载力提高约15%;截面长度和混凝土强度等级对承载力、初始刚度和延性系数的影响均小于15%,纵向距离对其受剪性能几乎无影响。结论 采用钢管混凝土键连接梁墙的结构总体受剪性能优于现浇结构;钢材强度和截面厚度分别是影响初始刚度和承载力的主要因素。

装配式轻钢框架-轻钢骨架轻混凝土墙板结构抗震性能

为研究装配式轻钢框架-轻钢骨架轻混凝土墙板结构抗震性能,对1个足尺轻钢框架结构试件和3个足尺轻钢框架-轻钢骨架轻混凝土墙板结构试件进行了低周反复荷载下的抗震性能试验及理论分析,试件变量包括:2种装配构造,即内嵌式装配墙板、外贴式装配墙板;2种轻钢骨架轻混凝土墙板,即框架式轻钢骨架轻混凝土墙板、桁架式轻钢骨架轻混凝土墙板。研究了各试件的破坏特征和损伤演化过程,分析了结构滞回特性、承载力、变形能力、刚度退化、耗能性能和应变。结果表明:装配式轻钢框架-轻钢骨架轻混凝土墙板结构共同工作性能良好,其水平承载力相比轻钢框架提高了204.7%~210.4%,抗侧刚度提高了257.3%~512.5%,结构变形及耗能能力有显著提高;内嵌墙板的自攻钉连接构造以及外贴墙板的螺栓连接构造传力性能可靠,结构具备2道抗震防线的受力特征;基于简化塑性分析模型以及拉压杆软化桁架模型,对试件承载力进行了计算,计算结果与试验符合较好。

多元结构地基对防渗墙渗透溶蚀演化规律的影响

深厚覆盖层地基渗透性能和厚度变化会影响坝基渗流场的分布,进而改变坝基防渗墙溶蚀演化进程。为研究多元结构地基变化对防渗墙渗透溶蚀的影响机制,结合流体力学、化学动力学理论和对流-扩散方程,提出覆盖层地基混凝土防渗墙渗透溶蚀耦合分析模型,研究强透水层、弱透水层和第三透水层厚度及渗透系数对防渗墙中钙离子浓度、孔隙率和渗流特性的影响。结果表明:随服役年份增长,防渗墙钙离子浓度表现为先快速增长至峰值,随后不断下降的趋势,孔隙率和渗透系数呈指数型增长变化规律,大坝总渗透流量不断增大;各影响因素中,弱透水层渗透系数对防渗墙钙离子浓度、孔隙率和大坝总渗流量的影响最大,其次为强透水层厚度及其渗透系数;各工况下混凝土防渗墙使用年限为38.46~44.00年。研究成果可为深厚覆盖层多元结构地基上的土石坝工程的长效服役性能评估提供理论依据。

基于拉压杆模型的装配式混凝土挡墙结构设计方法

为了研究装配式混凝土箱体挡墙结构在水压力和土压力共同作用下的受力机理,提出了一种基于拉压杆模型的装配式混凝土挡墙结构设计方法.以体积和应变能为优化目标,采用Tosca软件对数值模拟得到的主要受力骨架进行拓扑优化.构建拉压杆模型,结合箱体挡墙结构的破坏机理,分析并推导出侧墙受压、临水面挡墙和集束连接受拉3种主要破坏模式的承载力公式.实际工程对比分析结果表明:进行900次模型优化后,优化形态和应变能基本保持不变;基于拉压杆模型的装配式混凝土箱体挡墙结构的承载能力低于规范值和有限元模拟值,但误差均保持在16%范围内,从而验证了该方法的合理性.

自攻钉集块连接混凝土复合剪力墙抗震性能试验

提出了适用于装配式混凝土复合剪力墙结构的自攻钉集块连接构造,为研究自攻钉集块连接混凝土复合剪力墙的抗震性能,设计制作了3个剪跨比为1.39的足尺剪力墙试件,进行了低周反复荷载试验,主要变量包括自攻钉集块连接构造、自攻钉集块与后浇条带组合连接构造以及L形边框构造柱。分析了试件破坏模式、承载力、滞回特性、刚度及退化、变形能力、耗能性能和应变特征等。结果表明:自攻钉集块连接构造装配便捷,受力性能可靠;采用自攻钉集块与后浇条带组合连接构造试件的承载力及刚度相比自攻钉集块连接构造分别提高了8.54%和6.03%;设置L形边框构造柱的试件承载力、刚度及耗能分别提高了67.48%、129.33%和277.93%。自攻钉集块连接复合剪力墙具有良好的抗震性能,满足装配式低层住宅混凝土复合剪力墙结构的抗震设计要求,可用于实际工程。

自攻钉集块连接T形边框混凝土肋格复合墙板抗震性能试验

研发了混凝土框架(桁架)肋格填充发泡混凝土墙板,提出了T形边框与混凝土肋格复合墙板边肋的自攻钉集块连接构造。设计并制作了2个足尺自攻钉集块连接T形边框混凝土肋格复合墙板试件,包括1个十字形框架肋格墙板试件和1个人字形支撑桁架肋格墙板试件。进行了低周反复荷载试验,研究了各试件的破坏状态和滞回特性,分析了不同肋格构造对承载力、刚度、变形能力及耗能性能的影响。结果表明:十字形框架肋格墙板试件主要发生了发泡混凝土填充墙板及硬化砂浆面层的剪切开裂,人字形支撑桁架肋格墙板的破坏特征为混凝土桁架支撑的损伤失效;人字形支撑桁架肋格墙板试件的承载力和初始刚度相比十字形框架肋格墙板试件分别提高了74.3%和69.0%;十字形框架肋格墙板试件则具有较高的变形能力和耗能性能;自攻钉集块连接构造连接性能可靠,保证了T形边框与混凝土肋格复合墙板的协同变形。可为工程设计与施工提供参考。

装配式带夹芯保温槽型玻璃钢-钢板-槽钢-混凝土组合剪力墙轴压性能研究

提出一种装配式带夹芯保温槽型玻璃钢-钢板-槽钢-混凝土组合剪力墙,设计3个具有不同配筋形式和混凝土种类的墙板试件进行轴心受压试验,获得墙板在轴压作用下的破坏模式、荷载-位移曲线、荷载-应变曲线、承载力储备系数、延性系数、材料利用率等性能指标。通过ABAQUS有限元分析软件对墙板进行参数化分析,研究内嵌钢板强度和厚度对其轴压性能的影响。结果表明,墙板具有良好的承载力储备能力和延性性能;混凝土中掺入1%体积比的钢纤维可显著提高墙板内混凝土的抗拉性能,使混凝土强度得到更加充分的利用,布置钢筋可以显著提高墙板延性;墙板的承载力和延性随内嵌钢板厚度和强度的增加而增大,强度为Q355、厚度为4、6mm时,墙板材料利用率更高。提出适用于该类墙板的轴压承载力设计公式,考虑钢板屈曲和截面组合效应的墙板轴心受压承载力设计公式计算结果较精确。

金沙江上游巴塘水电站沥青混凝土心墙堆石坝设计

金沙江上游河段的巴塘水电站工程,其挡水建筑物为最大坝高69m的沥青混凝土心墙堆石坝,工程坝址区地震基本烈度为Ⅷ度,区域地质条件较为复杂,存在一定的技术问题。在分析和借鉴国内外已建的类似工程的基础上,结合工程本身的实际技术特点,就该工程坝体结构设计、坝基处理、坝坡设计、沥青心墙与混凝土基座的连接方式、防渗心墙沥青混凝土材料的设计参数等方面进行了一些有益的方案设计。这些设计在工程上的实际应用,最终确保了工程建设的顺利实施,相关设计成果可为后续类似工程的设计提供一定的参考。

日照港某翻车机房围护结构拆除方法比选

日照港石臼港区某翻车机房围护结构工程依施工顺序由圆形地连墙及廊道地连墙、基坑帷幕灌浆截渗结构、翻车机房主体结构地基处理、廊道主体结构地基处理、基坑支撑系统五部分组成。翻车机房主体结构施工时需要对部分围护结构进行拆除,包括部分地连墙和支撑结构,拆除方法主要包括绳锯切割、爆破拆除2种拆除施工工艺,现进行对比分析[1]。通过对深基坑内支撑拆除施工工艺的研究,可以进一步提升对深基坑内支撑形式的认识,同时对后续的类似施工提供借鉴,以便更好的指导施工生产,提高施工效率与质量。

考虑压实质量和改进本构的沥青心墙坝性态分析

针对邓肯-张模型对沥青混凝土心墙料力学性质描述偏离的不足,改进了心墙沥青混凝土本构模型;同时,考虑实际施工中各分区坝料压实质量空间差异导致的物理力学特性空间差异,提出了考虑坝料实际压实质量的大坝有限元分析方法。首先,通过数字大坝系统采集到的施工数据,对大坝各坝料分区进行压实质量空间估计;其次,建立各坝料分区本构模型参数与压实质量的定量关系,实现对任意单元材料参数的空间估计,并通过Abaqus软件的二次开发,实现坝料本构模型参数的每个单元赋值;最后,结合工程实例,对沥青混凝土心墙堆石坝施工期结构性态进行精细数值分析。结果表明,考虑坝料实际压实质量的数值模拟可以更好地反映大坝实际施工过程的应力变形情况;改进后的本构模型提高了心墙变形计算的准确性,为精确分析沥青混凝土心墙堆石坝结构安全提供了有效途径。