Behavior of concrete and concrete-filled circular steel tubular stub columns at constant high temperatures

Based on reanalyzing test results of uniaxial compressive behavior of concrete at constant high temperatures in China, with the compressive cube strength of concrete from 20 to 80 MPa, unified formulas for uniaxial compressive strength, elastic modulus, strain at peak uniaxial compression and mathematical expression for unaxial compressive stress-strain relations for the concrete at constant high temperatures were studied. Furthermore, the axial stress-axial strain relations between laterally confined concrete under axial compression and multiaxial stress-strain relations for steel at constant high temperatures were studied. Finally, based on continuum mechanics, the mechanics model for concentric cylinders of circular steel tube with concrete core of entire section loaded at constant high temperatures was established. Applying elasto-plastic analysis method, a FORTRAN program was developed, and the concrete-filled circular steel tubular （CFST） stub colunms at constant high temperatures were analyzed. The analysis results are in agreement with the experiment ones from references.

EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH AND NONLINEAR FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS ON NEW TYPE JOINT BETWEEN COLUMN AND STEEL BEAM OF CONCRETE-FILLED RECTANGULAR STEEL TUBULAR

Experimental results of new type joints between the column and the. steel beam of concrete-filled rectangular steel tubular （CFRT） under reversed cyclic loads are presented. The earthquake resistant capacity of the joint is influenced by infilled concrete, stiffener length and relative dimensions of column and beam. It is found that the hysteresis curves obtained in the experiment are full and the joints have a good energy dissipation capacity. The nonlinear finite element models are also used to analyze the hysteresis behavior of the joints under reversed cyclic loads using ANSYS 8.0. The influences of the stiffener length and the infilled concrete are analyzed. Analytical results show that the stiffener length and the infilled concrete are critical for the joints. Furthermore, the skeleton curves of the finite element models are in good agreement with those of experiments.

Seismic Behavior of Diaphragm-Through Connections of Concrete-Filled Square Steel Tubular Columns and H-Shaped Steel Beams

Based on the introductions of a type of diaphragm-through connection between concrete-filled square steel tubular columns (CFSSTCs) and H-shaped steel beams,a finite element model of the connection is developed and used to investigate the seismic behavior of the connection.The results of the finite element model are validated by a set of cyclic loading tests.The cyclic loading tests and the finite element analyses indicate that the failure mode of the suggested connections is plastic hinge at the beam with inelastic rotation angle exceeding 0.04 rad.The suggested connections have sufficient strength,plastic deformation and energy dissipation capacity to be used in composite moment frames as beam-to-column rigid connections.

Influence of Axial Load Ratio on Shear Behavior of Through-Diaphragm Connections of Concrete-Filled Square Steel Tubular Columns

Nonlinear finite element analysis and parametric studies were carried out to study the influence of axial load ratio on the shear behavior of the through-diaphragm connections of concrete-filled square steel tubular columns. The analysis reveals that smaller axial load ratio can improve the shear bearing capacity and ductility while larger axial load ratio will decrease the shear behavior of the through-diaphragm connections. The parametric studies indicate that the axial load ratio should be limited to less than 0.4 and its influence should be considered in the analysis and design of such connections.

Local Tensile Strength of Connection Between H-Steel Beam Flange and Concrete-Filled Circular Column Tube with Through Diaphragm

This paper focused on investigating local tensile strength of connection between steel beam flange and concrete-filled circular column tube with through diaphragm. Three specimens were designed and tested to failure, and the structure behavior was studied by experiment and FEM analysis. On the basis of the results obtained, an estimation for local plastic and ultimate strengths of the connections using yield line theory was attempted, which results in a good prediction.

Progressive Collapse Analysis of Concrete-Filled Steel Tubular Frames with Semi-rigid Connections

A 9-story concrete-filled steel tubular frame model is used to analyze the response of joints due to sudden column loss. Three different models are developed and compared to study the efficiency and feasibility of simulation, which include substructure model, beam element model and solid element model. The comparison results show that the substructure model has a satisfying capability, calculation efficiency and accuracy to predict the concerned joints as well as the overall framework. Based on the substructure model and a kind of semi-rigid connection for concretefilled square hollow section steel column proposed in this paper, the nonlinear dynamic analyses are conducted by the alternate path method. It is found that the removal of the ground inner column brings high-level joint moments and comparatively low-level axial tension forces. The initial stiffness and transmitted ultimate moment of the semi-rigid connection are the main factors that influence the frame behavior, and their lower limit should be guaranteed to resist collapse. Reduced ultimate moment results in drastic displacement and axial force development, which may bring progressive collapse. The higher initial stiffness ensures that the structure has a stronger capacity to resist progressive collapse.

In-Plane Creep Buckling of Concrete-Filled Steel Tubular Arches

The creep-induced deformation of the arch rib of concrete-filled steel tubular （CFST） arches under a sustained load can increase the bending moment, which may lead to earlier stability failure called creep buckling. To investigate the influences of concrete creep on the buckling strength of arches, a theoretical analysis for the creep buckling of CFST circular arches under distributed radial load is performed. The simplified Arutyunyan-Maslov （AM） creep law is used to model the creep behavior of concrete core, and the creep integral operator is introduced. The analytical solutions of the time-dependent buckling strength under the sustained load are achieved and compared with the existing formula based on the age-adjusted effective modulus method （AEMM）. Then the solutions are used to determine the influences of the steel ratio and the first loading age on the creep buckling of CFST arches. The results show that the analytical solutions are of good accuracy and applicability. For CFST arches, the steel ratio and the first loading age have significant influences on creep buckling. An approximate log-linear relationship between the decreased degrees of the creep buckling strength and the first loading age is found. For the commonly used parameters, the maximum loss of the buckling strength induced bv concrete creen is close to 40%

Low cyclic fatigue performance of concrete-filled steel tube columns

Eight concrete-filled steel tubular(CFT) columns were tested subjected to cyclic loading under constant axial load. Experimental parameters included axial compression ratio, loading sequences, and strength of concrete and steel. The seismic performance of CFT columns and failure modes were analyzed. The test results show that different axial load ratios and loading sequences have effects on the load carrying capacity, ductility and energy dissipation capacity of CFT columns, as well as the failure modes of the CFT columns. The failure pattern can be categorized into two types: local buckling failure of steel tube in compression zone, and low cycle fatigue tearing rupture failure of steel tube. The seismic behavior was evaluated through the energy index obtained from each cycle.

Design equations for maximum stress concentration factors for concrete-filled steel tubular K-joints

Stress concentration factors(SCFs) for welded tubular joints can be decreased by filling the chord with concrete leading to a longer fatigue life. However, there are currently no design formula available in guidelines to predict the SCF of concrete-filled circular hollow section(CFCHS) K-joints, thus limiting their applicability in bridge design. To address this gap,finite element models for CFCHS K-joints were developed and compared against test results to ensure their accuracy. Then, a comprehensive parametric study was conducted to establish relationships between maximum SCFs and four variables: brace-to-chord diameter ratio(β), chord diameter-to-thickness ratio(2γ), brace-to-chord thickness ratio(τ), and the angle between braces and chord(θ). A total of 480 FE models were examined under three loading conditions including brace and chord loading: balanced axial force, chord axial force, and chord bending. Design equations to predict the maximum SCF for CFCHS Kjoints were established by multiple regression analyses of the numerical results. A comparison of maximum SCFs between circular hollow section(CHS) and CFCHS K-joints was made, and it was concluded that average reductions of 42% and 33% in maximum SCFs in CFCHS K-joints at the locations of the chord and brace were found compared to CHS joints for balanced axial force, respectively. Finally, a case study illustrating how to use the proposed equations for fatigue safety verification was presented.

高寒环境温度下钢管混凝土柱抗震性能试验研究

为探究高寒地区环境温度对圆钢管混凝土柱抗震性能的影响,开展4种不同温度工况下钢管混凝土柱的拟静力试验研究,分析不同环境温度下各试件的破坏特征、承载力、滞回特性、刚度退化、延性及耗能能力,揭示环境温度变化对钢管混凝土柱抗震性能的影响规律。试验结果表明:不同环境温度下各试件滞回曲线均呈梭形,未产生明显捏缩现象;试件典型破坏模式在不同温度下基本一致,均为钢管底部产生一圈贯通鼓曲波、核心混凝土被压溃、钢管撕裂,温度越低,钢管混凝土柱越早发生破坏,且破坏程度越严重;相较于常温(20℃)工况,0℃、-20℃、-40℃温度工况下,试验钢管混凝土柱水平承载力分别提高3.08%、6.15%、10.08%,初始刚度分别提高16.9%、30.3%、50.0%,而延性系数分别降低8.6%、14.6%、16.9%;环境温度越低,刚度退化速率也越大。温度变化对钢管混凝土柱抗震性能影响显著,高寒地区钢管混凝土结构抗震设计时需考虑环境低温对结构带来的不利影响。

内置H型钢的圆铝管混凝土短柱轴压性能分析

为研究内置H型钢的圆铝合金管混凝土短柱的轴压力学性能及受力机理,采用ABAQUS建立了该类试件的有限元模型,在有限元验证基础上,研究了试件在轴向荷载作用下的破坏形态,对典型试件进行了受力全过程分析以及接触力分析,研究了试件不同高度处的截面各组成部分的荷载分担情况,总结了试件各部分之间接触应力的变化规律;研究了混凝土抗压强度、含钢率、铝合金管壁厚以及截面构造对试件轴压力学性能的影响。结果表明:试件在轴向荷载作用下铝合金管、混凝土以及H型钢表现出良好的组合效应,通过参数分析发现,轴压短柱受力过程中的横向变形随着混凝土立方体抗压强度增大而增大,参数分析中圆铝合金管壁厚对轴压短柱的承载能力影响最大。可见内置H型钢的圆铝合金管混凝土柱组合构件在受轴向荷载时表现出较强的承载能力以及良好的抵抗变形能力。

圆钢管砖骨料地聚物再生混凝土柱滞回性能试验研究

为探究废弃黏土砖再利用的可行性,对6根圆钢管砖骨料地聚物再生混凝土柱的滞回性能进行了系列试验研究。以不同钢管厚度(4、6 mm)、砖骨料取代率(0%、50%、100%)、轴压比(0.05、0.25、0.50)为参数,得到了试件在往复荷载作下的失效模态、骨架曲线和滞回曲线,并对构件的刚度退化、滞回性能、峰值承载力、延性、承载力退化和耗能能力等抗震性能指标的变化规律分析。结果表明:试件的失效模式表现为底部发生鼓曲、开裂,出现塑性铰的区域核心混凝土破碎,与普通钢管混凝土相似;砖骨料取代率和轴压比的增加会降低试件的承载力,钢管厚度的增加会提高试件的承载力。试件的滞回曲线饱满,表现出不明显的捏缩,表明耗能能力较好;轴压比的增加导致试件的变形能力降低,加快了刚度和承载力的退化速度,增长钢管厚度可以提高试件的变形能力;砖骨料取代率对试件刚度退化、延性、承载能力和耗能能力的影响有限。

预应力薄壁圆钢管约束混凝土短柱轴压性能初探

为提高薄壁钢管混凝土柱轴心受压性能,提出了预应力薄壁圆钢管约束混凝土柱,即采用对拉螺栓对薄壁圆钢管施加环向预应力,形成对内部混凝土初始约束围压,以提高内部混凝土的轴心抗压强度及承载力性能。为探究其轴向受压性能提升效果,进行了预应力薄壁圆钢管约束混凝土短柱轴心受压试验;并采用ABAQUS有限元计算软件建立了相应的非线性有限元数值模型,基于试验所获得荷载-位移数据,验证了模型的可靠性。在合理可靠试验模型的基础上,进行了不同预应力度(k=0、0.1、0.2、0.3、0.4和0.5)和不同钢管厚度(t=1.5mm、2.0mm、2.5mm和3.0mm)情况下的轴心受压性能影响分析。结果表明:采用对拉螺栓对薄壁圆钢管混凝土柱施加环向预应力,可有效提高其轴心抗压强度、刚度和延性;在合适预应力范围内,预应力度(k=0~0.4)越大,预应力薄壁钢约束混凝土短柱轴心受压性能提升越明显;但较大的预应力度(k=0.5)会让构件在达到峰值荷载后,其承载力降低较为明显,从而使构件延性降低;当预应力度k不变,构件的轴心受压性能随钢管厚度t的增大而增大。

大尺寸仿猪笼草口缘区结构半圆管形微流道设计

针对面向无动力输入的自由流体在半圆形截面微流道中单向流动的问题,设计并制备了具有百微米级大尺寸仿猪笼草口缘区结构的开放式半圆管型微流道。分析液体单向铺展性机理,设计基本的大尺寸仿猪笼草口缘区结构半圆管表面;使用光固化成型方法的数字光处理3D打印设备制备工件,实验分析大尺寸仿猪笼草口缘区结构半圆管型微流道的液体单向铺展性,计算极差表征各结构参数对单向铺展性的影响。结果表明:大尺寸仿猪笼草口缘区结构半圆管型微流道在椭圆半长轴570μm,空腔楔角30°,微流道宽度320μm,结构体长360μm,拉伸长度200μm,曲率2时具有较强的单向铺展性;各因素对铺展系数的影响程度由大到小分别为拉伸长度、结构体长、空腔楔角、椭圆半长轴、微流道宽度和曲率。研究结果为大尺寸仿猪笼草口缘区结构半圆管型微流道的参数设计提供基础指导,也验证了采用常规3D打印技术制备具有单向铺展性的微流道的可行性。

Cyclic behavior of stiffened joints between concrete-filled steel tubular column and steel beam with narrow outer diaphragm and partial joint penetration welds

This paper presented an investigation on a stiffened joint in practical engineering which was between concrete-filled steel tubular column and steel beam with narrow outer diaphragm and partial joint penetration welds. Through the low-frequency cyclic loading test, the cyclic behavior and failure mode of the specimen were investigated. The results of the test indicated the failure mode and bearing capacity of the specimen which were influenced by the axial compression ratio of the concrete-filled tubular column. On the contrary, the inner diaphragm and inner stiffeners had limited impacts on the hysteretic behavior of the joint. There was no hysteresis damage fracture on the narrow outer diaphragm connected to the concrete-filled steel tubular column with partial joint penetration welds. Due to the excellent ductility and energy dissipating capacity, the proposed joint could be applied to the seismic design of high-rise buildings in highly intensive seismic region, but axial compression ratio should be controlled to avoid unfavorable failure modes.

Recent Construction Technology Innovations and Practices for Large-Span Arch Bridges in China

Arch bridges provide significant technical and economic benefits under suitable conditions.In particular,concrete-filled steel tubular(CFST)arch bridges and steel-reinforced concrete(SRC)arch bridges are two types of arch bridges that have gained great economic competitiveness and span growth potential due to advancements in construction technology,engineering materials,and construction equipment over the past 30 years.Under the leadership of the author,two record-breaking arch bridges—that is,the Pingnan Third Bridge(a CFST arch bridge),with a span of 560 m,and the Tian’e Longtan Bridge(an SRC arch bridge),with a span of 600 m—have been built in the past five years,embodying great technological breakthroughs in the construction of these two types of arch bridges.This paper takes these two arch bridges as examples to systematically summarize the latest technological innovations and practices in the construction of CFST arch bridges and SRC arch bridges in China.The technological innovations of CFST arch bridges include cable-stayed fastening-hanging cantilevered assembly methods,new in-tube concrete materials,in-tube concrete pouring techniques,a novel thrust abutment foundation for nonrocky terrain,and measures to reduce the quantity of temporary facilities.The technological innovations of SRC arch bridges involve arch skeleton stiffness selection,the development of encasing concrete materials,encasing concrete pouring,arch rib stress mitigation,and longitudinal reinforcement optimization.To conclude,future research focuses and development directions for these two types of arch bridges are proposed.

环状RNA_0124644调控微小RNA-136对高糖诱导的肾小管上皮细胞损伤的影响

目的:探讨环状RNA_0124644(circ_0124644)对高糖(HG)诱导的人肾小管上皮细胞(HK-2细胞)损伤的影响。方法:收集29例糖尿病肾病患者及41例健康体检者的血浆,实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)检测circ_0124644和微小RNA(miR)-136的表达;验证circ_0124644和miR-136的靶向关系。将HK-2细胞随机分为正常糖(NG)组、HG组、HG+si-circ_0124644组、HG+si-NC组、HG+si-circ_0124644+anti-miR-136组、HG+si-circ_0124644+anti-miR-NC组。甲基噻唑基四唑(MTT)法检测细胞抑制率;检测细胞凋亡率和活化的半胱氨酸蛋白酶3(Cleaved caspase-3)蛋白水平以及白细胞介素(IL)-6、IL-10、IL-1β、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、丙二醛(MDA)、活性氧(ROS)水平。结果:与健康体检者相比,糖尿病肾病患者血浆中circ_0124644表达升高,miR-136表达降低(P<0.05)。HG可诱导的HK-2细胞中circ_0124644表达升高,miR-136表达降低,细胞抑制率、凋亡率、Cleaved caspase-3蛋白、Cleaved caspase-3平均荧光强度、IL-6、IL-1β、LDH和MDA水平及ROS活性升高,IL-10水平和SOD活性降低(P<0.05)。沉默circ_0124644后,HK-2细胞抑制率、凋亡率和Cleaved caspase-3蛋白表达、Cleaved caspase-3平均荧光强度降低,IL-6、IL-1β水平降低,IL-10水平升高,SOD活性升高,LDH水平和MDA含量及ROS活性降低(P<0.05)。下调miR-136逆减弱了沉默circ_0124644对HG诱导的HK-2细胞的作用。结论:沉默circ_0124644可能通过调控miR-136抑制HG诱导的肾小管上皮细胞损伤。

圆形钢管混凝土柱偏压性能研究

通过系统的试验设计,探究了圆形钢管混凝土柱在不同偏心距和加载质量下的承载能力、变形性能和破坏模式。结果表明,偏心距和加载质量对圆形钢管混凝土柱的性能影响显著,表现为承载力的非线性增长、变形性能的复杂变化以及破坏模式的多样性。研究结果为理解圆形钢管混凝土柱在偏心受压条件下的力学行为提供了依据,并为结构设计和安全评估提供了重要的参考价值。

采用铁素体不锈钢的圆形不锈钢管混凝土柱的设计方法研究

为研究采用铁素体不锈钢的圆形不锈钢管混凝土短柱的轴压性能,首先建立并验证其有限元模型,然后利用该模型创建典型算例数据库。基于算例数据库分析径厚比、名义屈服强度、混凝土强度等参数对其轴压性能的影响规律,并基于该有限元算例数据库验证现有圆钢管混凝土短柱设计方法的有效性。最后建议了采用铁素体不锈钢的圆形不锈钢管混凝土短柱的轴压承载力、轴压刚度和峰值应变的简化模型。简化计算结果和有限元计算结果吻合良好。

平面K型钢管相贯节点极限承载力有限元分析

应用有限元法 ,考虑材料非线性和几何非线性 ,分析了平面K型圆管相贯节点的应力和塑性区分布规律、节点变形等重要受力性能 ,揭示了影响管节点承载力主要参数以及这些参数与承载力的关系曲线 ;将有限元计算结果与实验数据和我国规范进行比较 ,指出了现有规范的不足之处 ,为我国规范的进一步修订提出了建议 .