EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH AND NONLINEAR FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS ON NEW TYPE JOINT BETWEEN COLUMN AND STEEL BEAM OF CONCRETE-FILLED RECTANGULAR STEEL TUBULAR

Experimental results of new type joints between the column and the. steel beam of concrete-filled rectangular steel tubular （CFRT） under reversed cyclic loads are presented. The earthquake resistant capacity of the joint is influenced by infilled concrete, stiffener length and relative dimensions of column and beam. It is found that the hysteresis curves obtained in the experiment are full and the joints have a good energy dissipation capacity. The nonlinear finite element models are also used to analyze the hysteresis behavior of the joints under reversed cyclic loads using ANSYS 8.0. The influences of the stiffener length and the infilled concrete are analyzed. Analytical results show that the stiffener length and the infilled concrete are critical for the joints. Furthermore, the skeleton curves of the finite element models are in good agreement with those of experiments.

Seismic Behavior of Diaphragm-Through Connections of Concrete-Filled Square Steel Tubular Columns and H-Shaped Steel Beams

Based on the introductions of a type of diaphragm-through connection between concrete-filled square steel tubular columns (CFSSTCs) and H-shaped steel beams,a finite element model of the connection is developed and used to investigate the seismic behavior of the connection.The results of the finite element model are validated by a set of cyclic loading tests.The cyclic loading tests and the finite element analyses indicate that the failure mode of the suggested connections is plastic hinge at the beam with inelastic rotation angle exceeding 0.04 rad.The suggested connections have sufficient strength,plastic deformation and energy dissipation capacity to be used in composite moment frames as beam-to-column rigid connections.

Behavior of concrete and concrete-filled circular steel tubular stub columns at constant high temperatures

Based on reanalyzing test results of uniaxial compressive behavior of concrete at constant high temperatures in China, with the compressive cube strength of concrete from 20 to 80 MPa, unified formulas for uniaxial compressive strength, elastic modulus, strain at peak uniaxial compression and mathematical expression for unaxial compressive stress-strain relations for the concrete at constant high temperatures were studied. Furthermore, the axial stress-axial strain relations between laterally confined concrete under axial compression and multiaxial stress-strain relations for steel at constant high temperatures were studied. Finally, based on continuum mechanics, the mechanics model for concentric cylinders of circular steel tube with concrete core of entire section loaded at constant high temperatures was established. Applying elasto-plastic analysis method, a FORTRAN program was developed, and the concrete-filled circular steel tubular （CFST） stub colunms at constant high temperatures were analyzed. The analysis results are in agreement with the experiment ones from references.

Influence of Axial Load Ratio on Shear Behavior of Through-Diaphragm Connections of Concrete-Filled Square Steel Tubular Columns

Nonlinear finite element analysis and parametric studies were carried out to study the influence of axial load ratio on the shear behavior of the through-diaphragm connections of concrete-filled square steel tubular columns. The analysis reveals that smaller axial load ratio can improve the shear bearing capacity and ductility while larger axial load ratio will decrease the shear behavior of the through-diaphragm connections. The parametric studies indicate that the axial load ratio should be limited to less than 0.4 and its influence should be considered in the analysis and design of such connections.

In-Plane Creep Buckling of Concrete-Filled Steel Tubular Arches

The creep-induced deformation of the arch rib of concrete-filled steel tubular （CFST） arches under a sustained load can increase the bending moment, which may lead to earlier stability failure called creep buckling. To investigate the influences of concrete creep on the buckling strength of arches, a theoretical analysis for the creep buckling of CFST circular arches under distributed radial load is performed. The simplified Arutyunyan-Maslov （AM） creep law is used to model the creep behavior of concrete core, and the creep integral operator is introduced. The analytical solutions of the time-dependent buckling strength under the sustained load are achieved and compared with the existing formula based on the age-adjusted effective modulus method （AEMM）. Then the solutions are used to determine the influences of the steel ratio and the first loading age on the creep buckling of CFST arches. The results show that the analytical solutions are of good accuracy and applicability. For CFST arches, the steel ratio and the first loading age have significant influences on creep buckling. An approximate log-linear relationship between the decreased degrees of the creep buckling strength and the first loading age is found. For the commonly used parameters, the maximum loss of the buckling strength induced bv concrete creen is close to 40%

Progressive Collapse Analysis of Concrete-Filled Steel Tubular Frames with Semi-rigid Connections

A 9-story concrete-filled steel tubular frame model is used to analyze the response of joints due to sudden column loss. Three different models are developed and compared to study the efficiency and feasibility of simulation, which include substructure model, beam element model and solid element model. The comparison results show that the substructure model has a satisfying capability, calculation efficiency and accuracy to predict the concerned joints as well as the overall framework. Based on the substructure model and a kind of semi-rigid connection for concretefilled square hollow section steel column proposed in this paper, the nonlinear dynamic analyses are conducted by the alternate path method. It is found that the removal of the ground inner column brings high-level joint moments and comparatively low-level axial tension forces. The initial stiffness and transmitted ultimate moment of the semi-rigid connection are the main factors that influence the frame behavior, and their lower limit should be guaranteed to resist collapse. Reduced ultimate moment results in drastic displacement and axial force development, which may bring progressive collapse. The higher initial stiffness ensures that the structure has a stronger capacity to resist progressive collapse.

Low cyclic fatigue performance of concrete-filled steel tube columns

Eight concrete-filled steel tubular(CFT) columns were tested subjected to cyclic loading under constant axial load. Experimental parameters included axial compression ratio, loading sequences, and strength of concrete and steel. The seismic performance of CFT columns and failure modes were analyzed. The test results show that different axial load ratios and loading sequences have effects on the load carrying capacity, ductility and energy dissipation capacity of CFT columns, as well as the failure modes of the CFT columns. The failure pattern can be categorized into two types: local buckling failure of steel tube in compression zone, and low cycle fatigue tearing rupture failure of steel tube. The seismic behavior was evaluated through the energy index obtained from each cycle.

Design equations for maximum stress concentration factors for concrete-filled steel tubular K-joints

Stress concentration factors(SCFs) for welded tubular joints can be decreased by filling the chord with concrete leading to a longer fatigue life. However, there are currently no design formula available in guidelines to predict the SCF of concrete-filled circular hollow section(CFCHS) K-joints, thus limiting their applicability in bridge design. To address this gap,finite element models for CFCHS K-joints were developed and compared against test results to ensure their accuracy. Then, a comprehensive parametric study was conducted to establish relationships between maximum SCFs and four variables: brace-to-chord diameter ratio(β), chord diameter-to-thickness ratio(2γ), brace-to-chord thickness ratio(τ), and the angle between braces and chord(θ). A total of 480 FE models were examined under three loading conditions including brace and chord loading: balanced axial force, chord axial force, and chord bending. Design equations to predict the maximum SCF for CFCHS Kjoints were established by multiple regression analyses of the numerical results. A comparison of maximum SCFs between circular hollow section(CHS) and CFCHS K-joints was made, and it was concluded that average reductions of 42% and 33% in maximum SCFs in CFCHS K-joints at the locations of the chord and brace were found compared to CHS joints for balanced axial force, respectively. Finally, a case study illustrating how to use the proposed equations for fatigue safety verification was presented.

基于粒子群优化BP神经网络的中空夹层钢管混凝土柱轴压承载力研究

圆中空夹层钢管混凝土(concrete filled double-skin steel tube,CFDST)柱因其独特的结构形式与优异的力学性能,已成为现代工程结构中的主要受力构件。然而外钢管、内钢管与核心混凝土之间的相互约束作用导致其受力比较复杂。为此,采用PSO-BP混合神经网络算法对圆CFDST柱的轴压承载力进行了研究。收集了167组数据建立数据库,并选取8种影响因素作为输入层参数,轴压承载力作为输出层参数,分析了传统BP神经网络模型所存在的缺陷,建立了PSO-BP神经网络模型。此外,将机器学习模型与3种规范的结果进行比较,结果表明机器学习模型的精度比3种规范的精度更高。相较于BP神经网络模型,PSO-BP神经网络模型具有更好的预测能力,更有助于预测CFDST柱的轴压承载力,对工程上研究CFDST柱的力学性能有着重要意义。

火灾下双钢管混凝土复合短柱的性能与承载力计算方法

为研究双钢管混凝土复合短柱的耐火性能,建立了双钢管混凝土复合短柱精细化数值模型,在类似构件试验成果验证的基础上,开展其高温反应规律和耐火性能影响因素研究;全面分析了内管径厚比、外管径厚比、内外管直径比等参数的影响,以及不同截面组合形式(内圆外圆、内方外圆和内圆外方)双钢管混凝土短柱的耐火极限。基于热传导分析理论推导双钢管混凝土短柱截面的温度场分布公式,并根据有限元模拟结果对公式进行修正;最后基于温度等效原理进一步提出了火灾条件下双钢管混凝土短柱截面温度场的简化计算公式和承载力计算方法。结果表明:双钢管混凝土复合短柱具有较好的耐火性能,在直径不变时增大内钢管的厚度以及在厚度不变时增加内钢管的直径都有利于耐火极限的提高;在荷载作用和含钢率相同的条件下,不同截面组合形式的双钢管混凝土短柱耐火极限相差不大,但总体上双圆钢管混凝土短柱的耐火性能偏优;提出的温度场简化计算公式和基于等效温度的承载力计算方法与有限元结果相对误差都在15%以内。

冷弯型钢钢管混凝土柱-钢梁装配式节点抗震性能研究

为考察多高层框架结构体系中新型冷弯型钢装配式钢管混凝土柱-冷弯型钢拼合梁节点的抗震性能,设计并制作了一组足尺节点试件,对其进行不同轴压比下的拟静力试验.结合ABAQUS有限元分析,以轴压比、钢管柱壁厚、内填充混凝土强度等级为主要参数,研究节点试件在低周往复水平荷载作用下的破坏形态、滞回曲线、骨架曲线、承载力、耗能能力、刚度退化等抗震性能.结果表明:在冷弯型钢柱内填充混凝土时,新型冷弯型钢装配式梁柱节点的承载力和耗能能力相比于空钢管柱节点整体有所提高,节点延性增加,节点仍保持“强柱弱梁”的失效模式.在低轴压比(0.2)下,钢管柱壁厚的增加对节点的耗能能力与承载力有一定的提升,其延性也有所增加;混凝土强度等级的变化对本文所研究“强柱”构造下的节点抗震性能几乎无影响,节点的滞回曲线基本一致,骨架曲线基本重合,节点的破坏形态保持不变,随着混凝土强度等级的增加,节点延性有所降低.但在高轴压比(0.8)下,钢管柱壁厚为2 mm和3 mm时柱刚度过弱,节点出现柱端压弯破坏;当钢管柱壁厚增加到4 mm时,节点破坏形态转变为梁端塑性铰破坏,因此应注意限制梁柱线刚度比,保证“强柱弱梁”的失效模式.本文研究成果对该新型节点用于多高层框架结构体系中的适用性及设计构造有一定参考意义.

全过程火灾后中空夹层高强钢管混凝土短柱轴压力学性能研究

为研究升降温全过程火灾后中空夹层高强钢管混凝土短柱的抗火性能,在确定不同阶段高强钢材和约束混凝土的本构模型的前提下,利用ABAQUS有限元软件,建立了中空夹层高强钢管混凝土短柱的温度场模型和热力学分析模型,并利用已有的试验数据对模型进行了验证。分析了升温时间、空心率、材料强度和轴压比等参数对短柱全过程火灾后剩余承载力的影响。结果表明,随着升温时间的增长,全过程火灾后中空夹层高强钢管混凝土短柱的剩余承载力大幅下降;随着空心率增加,短柱的剩余承载力系数先增加后减小,其空心率为0.52的短柱抗火性能最优;材料强度和轴压比对短柱的剩余承载力系数影响不大,剩余承载力随材料强度增加而增加。

Recent Construction Technology Innovations and Practices for Large-Span Arch Bridges in China

Arch bridges provide significant technical and economic benefits under suitable conditions.In particular,concrete-filled steel tubular(CFST)arch bridges and steel-reinforced concrete(SRC)arch bridges are two types of arch bridges that have gained great economic competitiveness and span growth potential due to advancements in construction technology,engineering materials,and construction equipment over the past 30 years.Under the leadership of the author,two record-breaking arch bridges—that is,the Pingnan Third Bridge(a CFST arch bridge),with a span of 560 m,and the Tian’e Longtan Bridge(an SRC arch bridge),with a span of 600 m—have been built in the past five years,embodying great technological breakthroughs in the construction of these two types of arch bridges.This paper takes these two arch bridges as examples to systematically summarize the latest technological innovations and practices in the construction of CFST arch bridges and SRC arch bridges in China.The technological innovations of CFST arch bridges include cable-stayed fastening-hanging cantilevered assembly methods,new in-tube concrete materials,in-tube concrete pouring techniques,a novel thrust abutment foundation for nonrocky terrain,and measures to reduce the quantity of temporary facilities.The technological innovations of SRC arch bridges involve arch skeleton stiffness selection,the development of encasing concrete materials,encasing concrete pouring,arch rib stress mitigation,and longitudinal reinforcement optimization.To conclude,future research focuses and development directions for these two types of arch bridges are proposed.

带楼板复式钢管混凝土柱-钢梁组合节点恢复力模型研究

楼板(指钢筋混凝土楼板,即RC楼板)作用使组合节点的梁柱线刚度比发生变化,对其承载力、破坏形态及滞回性能的影响均较大,而现有的恢复力模型均未考虑楼板初始刚度的影响。基于带楼板复式钢管混凝土柱-钢梁组合节点拟静力试验,研究了试件的骨架曲线特征,提出了此类组合节点的三折线骨架曲线模型;考虑楼板对组合节点初始刚度的影响,分析了刚度退化和滞回规则,推导并建立了带楼板复式钢管混凝土柱-钢梁组合节点的恢复力模型,采用试验数据验证了该恢复力模型的正确性。研究结果表明:楼板作用对节点的初始刚度影响显著,同时提高了节点的极限荷载;文中建立的恢复力模型能较准确地反映该类组合节点的滞回特性。

特高压双回路钢管塔真型试验

SZT2钢管塔是我国第1基1000kV交流特高压双回路真型试验塔,塔总高93.4m,质量132t,依照标准DL/T899—2004《架空线路杆塔结构荷载试验》,在大风、验算冰、锚线、断线等9个试验工况下对其进行试验。试验结果表明:SZT2塔的位移测试结果满足变形要求;应变测试结果没有超过构件承载力,说明整体结构是安全的;试验还验证了锻造带颈法兰在特高压双回路钢管塔中能够安全可靠地传力,由于其能起到降低焊接工作量和提高加工效率的目的,建议在实际工程中推广使用;SZT2塔采用的节点板连接方案可行,U型插板、十字插板及C型插板安全可靠;连接板端部钢管的局部屈服是设计的薄弱点,应加强防止局部破坏的构造。

方中空夹层钢管混凝土偏心受压柱力学性能的研究

以长细比和偏心率为变化参数 ,共进行了十二个方中空夹层钢管混凝土偏心受压构件的试验研究。在确定组成方中空夹层钢管混凝土的钢材和核心混凝土应力 应变关系模型的基础上 ,利用数值解法对方中空夹层钢管混凝土压弯构件的荷载 变形全过程关系进行了分析 ,理论分析结果与试验结果吻合较好。最后 。

潮洲韩江北桥斜靠拱桥稳定性分析

以韩江北桥主桥主跨斜靠式钢管混凝土拱桥为研究对象,采用ANSYS有限元程序,建立了该拱桥的空间有限元计算模型,分12种工况计算了该桥的稳定安全系数,并对桥梁的失稳特征进行了分析。计算结果表明,外拱拱脚加宽对桥梁的稳定性影响程度最大,稳定系数明显提高,其他情况对桥梁稳定系数的影响都不明显。文章计算结果已用来评估该桥初步设计方案的合理性,为该方案修改提供了参考。

武汉青山长江公路大桥主桥施工方案

武汉青山长江公路大桥主桥为主跨938 m的双塔双索面全飘浮体系斜拉桥,主墩采用钻孔灌注桩基础、哑铃形承台,桥塔采用A形混凝土结构,主跨主梁采用整体式钢箱梁、边跨主梁采用钢-混凝土结合梁。针对该桥结构特点及水文、地质条件,南主墩钻孔桩采用“吹填筑岛+旋挖钻机”方案施工、承台采用锁口钢管桩围堰方案施工;北主墩基础采用双壁钢套箱围堰平台一体法施工;塔柱采用液压爬模分节施工,在两塔肢间设13道临时横撑,并采用新型超高压地泵和特制超高压泵管一次将混凝土泵送到位;边跨结合梁采用先顶推架设钢槽梁,再安装预制混凝土桥面板,最后浇筑湿接缝的方案施工;主跨钢梁采用500 t架梁吊机悬臂架设方案施工;主跨合龙段采用顶推辅助合龙方案施工。

方钢管覆板加强T型节点的受压承载机理

为探讨方钢管覆板加强节点的轴向受压承载机理,对表面覆板加强节点进行静力加载试验,分析了节点的破坏形态和荷载-变形曲线;建立了覆板加强节点的有限元模型并进行有限元参数分析,揭示了覆板对节点的加强机理;文中还采用塑性铰线法建立了覆板加强节点的承载力设计公式,并提出了覆板加强的设计建议.结果表明:增加覆板厚度能显著提高节点的抗压承载力,覆板宽度和长度对节点承载力的影响不明显;覆板尺寸相同时,支管-主管宽度比(β)越小,则覆板的加强比越高;覆板对节点的加强机理为覆板与主管表面共同屈服,但当β≥0.8或覆板厚度较大时,加强节点容易发生主管侧壁屈曲,造成覆板屈服不能完全发展;文中公式计算结果与试验及参数分析结果吻合较好.

GFRP管高强混凝土空心柱轴压试验研究

为研究GFRP管高强混凝土短柱的轴心受压性能,进行了4根不同截面组合柱的轴心受压试验,主要研究其工作机理和破坏形态.试验结果表明:在荷载作用初期,组合柱GFRP管对混凝土没有约束作用,随着荷载作用增加,GFRP管表面出现白纹和轻微的响声;在极限状态时,GFRP管被拉断,并伴随巨大的响声.GFRP管-高强混凝土-钢管组合柱的承载力比GFRP管-高强混凝土-GFRP管组合柱高37%左右.采用统一理论法建立组合柱的轴压承载力计算公式,理论计算结果与试验结果吻合良好.