EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH AND NONLINEAR FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS ON NEW TYPE JOINT BETWEEN COLUMN AND STEEL BEAM OF CONCRETE-FILLED RECTANGULAR STEEL TUBULAR

Experimental results of new type joints between the column and the. steel beam of concrete-filled rectangular steel tubular （CFRT） under reversed cyclic loads are presented. The earthquake resistant capacity of the joint is influenced by infilled concrete, stiffener length and relative dimensions of column and beam. It is found that the hysteresis curves obtained in the experiment are full and the joints have a good energy dissipation capacity. The nonlinear finite element models are also used to analyze the hysteresis behavior of the joints under reversed cyclic loads using ANSYS 8.0. The influences of the stiffener length and the infilled concrete are analyzed. Analytical results show that the stiffener length and the infilled concrete are critical for the joints. Furthermore, the skeleton curves of the finite element models are in good agreement with those of experiments.

Seismic Behavior of Diaphragm-Through Connections of Concrete-Filled Square Steel Tubular Columns and H-Shaped Steel Beams

Based on the introductions of a type of diaphragm-through connection between concrete-filled square steel tubular columns (CFSSTCs) and H-shaped steel beams,a finite element model of the connection is developed and used to investigate the seismic behavior of the connection.The results of the finite element model are validated by a set of cyclic loading tests.The cyclic loading tests and the finite element analyses indicate that the failure mode of the suggested connections is plastic hinge at the beam with inelastic rotation angle exceeding 0.04 rad.The suggested connections have sufficient strength,plastic deformation and energy dissipation capacity to be used in composite moment frames as beam-to-column rigid connections.

Behavior of concrete and concrete-filled circular steel tubular stub columns at constant high temperatures

Based on reanalyzing test results of uniaxial compressive behavior of concrete at constant high temperatures in China, with the compressive cube strength of concrete from 20 to 80 MPa, unified formulas for uniaxial compressive strength, elastic modulus, strain at peak uniaxial compression and mathematical expression for unaxial compressive stress-strain relations for the concrete at constant high temperatures were studied. Furthermore, the axial stress-axial strain relations between laterally confined concrete under axial compression and multiaxial stress-strain relations for steel at constant high temperatures were studied. Finally, based on continuum mechanics, the mechanics model for concentric cylinders of circular steel tube with concrete core of entire section loaded at constant high temperatures was established. Applying elasto-plastic analysis method, a FORTRAN program was developed, and the concrete-filled circular steel tubular （CFST） stub colunms at constant high temperatures were analyzed. The analysis results are in agreement with the experiment ones from references.

Influence of Axial Load Ratio on Shear Behavior of Through-Diaphragm Connections of Concrete-Filled Square Steel Tubular Columns

Nonlinear finite element analysis and parametric studies were carried out to study the influence of axial load ratio on the shear behavior of the through-diaphragm connections of concrete-filled square steel tubular columns. The analysis reveals that smaller axial load ratio can improve the shear bearing capacity and ductility while larger axial load ratio will decrease the shear behavior of the through-diaphragm connections. The parametric studies indicate that the axial load ratio should be limited to less than 0.4 and its influence should be considered in the analysis and design of such connections.

Flexural Capacity Formula of Diaphragm-Through Joints of Concrete-Filled Square Steel Tubular Columns

Finite element analysis and parametric studies were performed to investigate the flexural capacity of the panel zone of diaphragm-through joints between concrete-filled square steel tubular columns and H-shaped steel beams. Through the comparisons of failure modes, load–displacement curves, and bearing capacity, it was found that the flexural capacity of the panel zone of diaphragm-through joints was determined by the tensile action and influence of the web of H-shaped steel beams, and the axial load should be taken into account. The steel tube and the diaphragm were the major parts of the joint that resisted the bending moment. The contribution of in-filled concrete had little influence on the flexural capacity of the panel zone of the joint and could be neglected. According to the results of these numerical studies, a formula that considered the influence of the web of H-shaped steel beams and the axial load was developed based on the yield lines in the diaphragm and the steel tube. The results of the proposed formula were in good agreement with the numerical data of this investigation. © 2017, Tianjin University and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

In-Plane Creep Buckling of Concrete-Filled Steel Tubular Arches

The creep-induced deformation of the arch rib of concrete-filled steel tubular （CFST） arches under a sustained load can increase the bending moment, which may lead to earlier stability failure called creep buckling. To investigate the influences of concrete creep on the buckling strength of arches, a theoretical analysis for the creep buckling of CFST circular arches under distributed radial load is performed. The simplified Arutyunyan-Maslov （AM） creep law is used to model the creep behavior of concrete core, and the creep integral operator is introduced. The analytical solutions of the time-dependent buckling strength under the sustained load are achieved and compared with the existing formula based on the age-adjusted effective modulus method （AEMM）. Then the solutions are used to determine the influences of the steel ratio and the first loading age on the creep buckling of CFST arches. The results show that the analytical solutions are of good accuracy and applicability. For CFST arches, the steel ratio and the first loading age have significant influences on creep buckling. An approximate log-linear relationship between the decreased degrees of the creep buckling strength and the first loading age is found. For the commonly used parameters, the maximum loss of the buckling strength induced bv concrete creen is close to 40%

Progressive Collapse Analysis of Concrete-Filled Steel Tubular Frames with Semi-rigid Connections

A 9-story concrete-filled steel tubular frame model is used to analyze the response of joints due to sudden column loss. Three different models are developed and compared to study the efficiency and feasibility of simulation, which include substructure model, beam element model and solid element model. The comparison results show that the substructure model has a satisfying capability, calculation efficiency and accuracy to predict the concerned joints as well as the overall framework. Based on the substructure model and a kind of semi-rigid connection for concretefilled square hollow section steel column proposed in this paper, the nonlinear dynamic analyses are conducted by the alternate path method. It is found that the removal of the ground inner column brings high-level joint moments and comparatively low-level axial tension forces. The initial stiffness and transmitted ultimate moment of the semi-rigid connection are the main factors that influence the frame behavior, and their lower limit should be guaranteed to resist collapse. Reduced ultimate moment results in drastic displacement and axial force development, which may bring progressive collapse. The higher initial stiffness ensures that the structure has a stronger capacity to resist progressive collapse.

Low cyclic fatigue performance of concrete-filled steel tube columns

Eight concrete-filled steel tubular(CFT) columns were tested subjected to cyclic loading under constant axial load. Experimental parameters included axial compression ratio, loading sequences, and strength of concrete and steel. The seismic performance of CFT columns and failure modes were analyzed. The test results show that different axial load ratios and loading sequences have effects on the load carrying capacity, ductility and energy dissipation capacity of CFT columns, as well as the failure modes of the CFT columns. The failure pattern can be categorized into two types: local buckling failure of steel tube in compression zone, and low cycle fatigue tearing rupture failure of steel tube. The seismic behavior was evaluated through the energy index obtained from each cycle.

Ductility and Ultimate Capacity of Concrete-Filled Lattice Rectangular Steel Tube Columns

A kind of concrete-filled lattice rectangular steel tube(CFLRST)column was put forward.The numerical simulation was modeled to analyze the mechanical characteristic of CFLRST column.By comparing the load-deformation curves from the test results,the rationality and reliability of the finite element model has been confirmed,moreover,the change of the section stiffness and stress in the forcing process and the ultimate bearing capacity of the column were analyzed.Based on the model,the comparison of ultimate bearing capacity and ductility between CFLRST column and reinforced concrete(RC)column were also analyzed.The results of the finite element analysis show that the loading process of CFLRST column consists of elastic stage,yield stage and failure stage.The failure modes are mainly strength failure and failure of elastoplastic instability.CFLRST column has higher bearing capacities in comparison with reinforced concrete columns with the same steel ratio.In addition,the stiffness degeneration of CFLRST column is slower than RC column and CFLRST column has good ductility.

Design equations for maximum stress concentration factors for concrete-filled steel tubular K-joints

Stress concentration factors(SCFs) for welded tubular joints can be decreased by filling the chord with concrete leading to a longer fatigue life. However, there are currently no design formula available in guidelines to predict the SCF of concrete-filled circular hollow section(CFCHS) K-joints, thus limiting their applicability in bridge design. To address this gap,finite element models for CFCHS K-joints were developed and compared against test results to ensure their accuracy. Then, a comprehensive parametric study was conducted to establish relationships between maximum SCFs and four variables: brace-to-chord diameter ratio(β), chord diameter-to-thickness ratio(2γ), brace-to-chord thickness ratio(τ), and the angle between braces and chord(θ). A total of 480 FE models were examined under three loading conditions including brace and chord loading: balanced axial force, chord axial force, and chord bending. Design equations to predict the maximum SCF for CFCHS Kjoints were established by multiple regression analyses of the numerical results. A comparison of maximum SCFs between circular hollow section(CHS) and CFCHS K-joints was made, and it was concluded that average reductions of 42% and 33% in maximum SCFs in CFCHS K-joints at the locations of the chord and brace were found compared to CHS joints for balanced axial force, respectively. Finally, a case study illustrating how to use the proposed equations for fatigue safety verification was presented.

钢管混凝土键连接框架梁和剪力墙的受剪性能

目的 研究钢管混凝土键连接框架梁和剪力墙的受剪性能,为工程应用提供设计依据。方法 应用有限元分析软件ABAQUS对比钢管混凝土键连接与现浇连接梁墙的结构受剪性能,分析前者受剪机理及不同因素对受剪性能的影响。结果 钢管混凝土键连接梁墙的结构承载力和延性系数较现浇结构分别提高约10%和34%;钢材强度从Q235到Q390,初始刚度增加8.44%;截面高度从100 mm到120 mm,延性系数提高17.73%;截面厚度每增加2 mm,承载力提高约15%;截面长度和混凝土强度等级对承载力、初始刚度和延性系数的影响均小于15%,纵向距离对其受剪性能几乎无影响。结论 采用钢管混凝土键连接梁墙的结构总体受剪性能优于现浇结构;钢材强度和截面厚度分别是影响初始刚度和承载力的主要因素。

不锈钢复合钢材焊接方管T形管节点试验研究

不锈钢复合钢材是一种成本低、强度高、耐腐蚀性能优异的高性能钢材,其在对耐腐蚀要求高的工程结构应用中尤其具有竞争力。该文旨在通过试验,研究不锈钢复合钢材焊接方管T形节点在静力和低周往复荷载作用下的力学性能,设计、制作了4个管节点试件并完成了加载,基于试验结果重点研究了各管节点试件的试验过程、破坏模式、荷载-位移响应和应变发展等;按中国规范GB 50017和欧洲规范EN 1993-1-8进行了节点承载力计算,并与试验值进行了对比。研究结果表明,对于支管承受轴向压力的管节点试件,以主管上表面塑性破坏为主;对于支管承受水平低周往复荷载的管节点试件,以主管上表面塑性变形和主管与支管之间连接焊缝断裂破坏为主;当管节点破坏模式符合现行规范GB 50017和EN 1993-1-8中规定时,相关承载力计算公式仍适用于此类不锈钢复合钢材焊接方管T形管节点的设计计算。

内焊钢筋-钢管混凝土界面粘结滑移性能

为了探究提高钢管混凝土组合结构钢管与混凝土界面粘结强度的措施,研究不同形式的内焊钢筋对两者界面粘结强度的影响,设置4种不同形式钢管内焊钢筋结构的钢管混凝土构件进行推出试验,对试验结果设置参数以比较不同内焊钢筋构造措施对两者界面粘结性能的影响,结合曲线与试验现象描述了滑移发生过程。应用ABAQUS软件进行有限元模拟,对比分析了不同内焊钢筋构造措施对粘结滑移性能的影响,并提出了钢管内焊钢筋构造粘结力的计算方法。结果表明:内焊钢筋的构造措施可以大幅度提升钢管混凝土界面的粘结强度;随着钢筋环数的增加,界面粘结强度逐渐增大。

某超高层项目钢管混凝土组合柱应用

某超高层项目荷载较大,导致框架柱截面较大,严重影响建筑空间使用。采用钢管混凝土组合柱,和型钢混凝土柱相比,标准层每根柱节约建筑有效使用面积1.5~1.8m^(2),结构主体成本节约近1000万元。提出了对钢管进行开孔的梁柱节点做法并分析五种不同节点方案,采用大型通用有限元软件ABAQUS进行仿真分析,充分考虑框架梁对节点的约束作用,得到五种节点方案的极限承载力及钢管的最大应力,结果表明采用钢管开孔的梁柱节点做法可行,并得到最合理的开孔形式;分别对7种不同箍筋形式进行受力性能分析,并考虑实际施工因素,得到最为合理的箍筋设置形式。

多层钢结构模块建筑筒体结构受力分析与仿真

在地震荷载作用下,建筑物内部结构会出现不同程度形变,严重时甚至会有倒塌危险。因此,研究了多层钢结构模块建筑筒体结构的受力性能。利用薄壳理论得出筒体的挠度、转度、弯矩与剪力等参数,确定模型及其边界条件,利用ABAQUS、插值算法选取恰当的有限元单元,采用整体式方法划分有限元单元,构建完成筒体结构有限元模型。当筒体结构与刚度分布均匀时,选用振型分解反应谱算法分析筒体结构受力性能,反之,则选用时程分析算法分析其受力性能。实验结果表明,在水平、垂直方向施加荷载时,筒体结构会经历弹性、弹塑性强化与塑性变化过程,在1100KN时筒体产生负刚度,且存在剪力滞后效应。

大跨度双联连续钢管混凝土拱桥结构体系设计研究

为研究大跨度双联连续钢管混凝土拱桥的合理结构体系及中央拱座合理刚度,以主跨2×405 m渝湘复线双堡特大桥为背景,采用MIDAS Civil软件建立全桥有限元模型,分析考虑自重、汽车荷载和基础沉降作用下,拱桥刚接、铰接、半刚性连接约束体系和不同中央拱座刚度对桥梁力学性能的影响。结果表明:自重、汽车荷载和基础沉降作用下各结构体系力学性能均满足规范要求。双刚接方案拱肋变形对称,结构受力良好,且构造简单、施工方便。中央拱座刚度从0.8 EI(EI为原设计方案中央拱座截面刚度)增加至2.0 EI,自重产生的最大变形基本不变,最大拉应力减小了0.33%,最大压应力减小了0.47%,结构力学性能改善效果不明显。双堡特大桥结构体系推荐采用双刚性连接,中央拱座合理刚度取值为0.8 EI,全桥有限元计算结果表明,该结构体系的强度、刚度、稳定性均满足规范要求。

方钢管混凝土桁架结构优化的拟满内力遗传算法

为解决离散变量方钢管混凝土桁架的结构优化问题,以桁架杆件最低总造价为目标函数,采用拟满内力遗传算法对杆件截面进行结构尺寸优化.拟满内力遗传算法引入拟满内力算法作为遗传算子,并将部分初始种群由拟满内力算法产生以增加种群多样性.对传统遗传算法罚函数进行改进,以增强算法的寻优效率.通过两个算例的对比分析,结果表明运用拟满内力遗传算法进行方钢管混凝土桁架结构优化,相对于拟满内力算法和传统遗传算法其造价分别降低了15%、15%、45%、53%.拟满内力遗传算法进行方钢管混凝土桁架结构优化的是有效、可行的.

超高层建筑结构体系契合性研究

为了研究超高层建筑外型与建筑功能对结构选型的影响,以两栋低烈度区约400m高的超高层建筑为案例,简要介绍了两个案例的建筑造型、使用功能、构件布置、荷载条件等基本情况;同时,对比了水平荷载作用下,两案例的主要计算结果;最后,将两案例的造价与同地区相似高度建筑的造价进行了对比。结果表明:两案例既满足了建筑使用和立面美观的要求,又满足了结构受力和整体稳定安全的要求,同时均比国内高度相近的超高层建筑具有更好的经济性。说明契合建筑外观与使用功能是结构布置合理性的根本,两者和谐结合方能实现综合最优。

德清门户型人行景观桥梁设计

德清门户型人行景观桥梁为三跨等高变宽刚构钢箱梁桥,平面呈多段圆曲线布置,桥南侧设置一倾角为10°的钢管桁架拱门,拱门辅以吊索与梁体相接。介绍了该桥的设计要点,包括桥跨布置、结构形式、附属设施、景观设计、施工步骤示意及结构分析要点,可为类似景观桥梁的设计提供借鉴。

某拖轮码头高桩结构的设计优化

某拖轮码头为高桩梁板式结构,上部结构由预制桩帽、预制横梁、预制面板、预制靠船面板及现浇面板组成,结构复杂,施工困难,浇注质量难以保证,码头结构存在优化的可能性和必要性。通过对设计荷载、桩基结构进行优化,在维持原码头功能要求的前提下,降低桩基内力,重新设计钢管桩壁厚,节省钢管桩钢材用量;将上部结构更改为现浇结构,提高了施工效率和混凝土浇筑质量,节省钢筋用量。该设计优化可供类似项目借鉴。