Basic Concept and Theoretical Study of Condition-based Maintenance for Power Transmission System

状态检修背景下,为解决电网运行整体与输变电设备个体之间的矛盾和冲突,在已有研究成果基础上,提出电网状态检修的概念,在输变电设备状态检修决策过程中,给出电网故障风险和电网检修风险的定义以及相应的量化表达式。依据设备状态预测,以电网故障风险和电网检修风险的和最小为目标,将设备检修、运行以及电网整体性能在概率引导下相互牵制,形成电网状态检修的数学模型,并给出相应的解决方法。最后,为验证该理论研究的可行性,分别以可靠性测试系统RBTS-BUS6和IEEE-RTS79系统为例,对各种情况进行分析,体现了预期的效果,并期望为电网检修与运行协调决策理论的深入研究提供必要的理论基础。

Condition-based maintenance policy for gamma deteriorating systems

A condition-based maintenance model for gamma deteriorating system under continuous inspection is studied. This methodology uses a gamma distribution to model the material degradation, and the impact of imperfect maintenance actions on the system reliability is investigated. The state of a degrading system immediately after the imperfect maintenance action is assumed as a random variable and the maintenance time follows a geometric process. Furthermore, the explicit expressions for the long-run average cost and availability per unit time of the system are evaluated, an optimal policy （ε^＊） could be determined numeri- cally or analytically according to the optimization model. At last, a numerical example for a degrading system modeled by a gamma process is presented to demonstrate the use of this policy in practical applications.

Review of Condition-Based Maintenance Strategies for Offshore Wind Energy

The existing maintenance strategies of offshore wind energy are reviewed including the specific aspects of condition-based maintenance, focusing on three primary phases, namely, condition monitoring, fault diagnosis and prognosis, and maintenance optimization. Relevant academic research and industrial applications are identified and summarized. The state of art, capabilities,and constraints of condition-based maintenance are analyzed. The presented research demonstrates that the intelligent-based approach has become a promising solution for condition recognition, and an integrated data platform for offshore wind farms is significant to optimize the maintenance activities.

Condition-Based Maintenance Decision-Making for Equipment

At present, condition monitoring and fault diagnosis technology and their application in engineering have been widely studied. Relatively little attention has been paid to condition-based maintenance decision-making for equipment. In this paper,based on the decision-making policy in traditional condition-based maintenance,the connotation of condition-based maintenance for equipment was defined, and its characteristics were analyzed.Working contents of condition-based maintenance for equipment were provided,which were divided into three stages. The influence factors in condition-based maintenance for equipment were analyzed. The key links of equipment maintenance contents and decision-making process were proposed. The condition-based maintenance decision-making policy presented in this paper can provide a practical reference for equipment maintenance.

Joint optimization of sampling interval and control for condition-based maintenance using availability maximization criterion

Most of the maintenance optimization models in condition-based maintenance(CBM) consider the cost-optimal criterion, but few papers have dealt with availability maximization for maintenance applications. A novel optimal Bayesian control approach is presented for maintenance decision making. The system deterioration evolves as a three-state continuous time hidden semi-Markov process. Considering the optimal maintenance policy, the multivariate Bayesian control scheme based on the hidden semi-Markov model(HSMM) is developed, the objective is to maximize the long-run expected average availability per unit time. The proposed approach can optimize the sampling interval and control limit jointly. A case study using Markov chain Monte Carlo(MCMC)simulation is provided and a comparison with the Bayesian control scheme based on hidden Markov model(HMM), the age-based replacement policy, Hotelling’s T2, multivariate exponentially weihted moving average(MEWMA) and multivariate cumulative sum(MCUSUM) control charts is given, which illustrates the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Development of Maintenance Management Strategy Based on Reliability Centered Maintenance for Marginal Oilfield Production Facilities

The present work adopted Reliability Centered Maintenance (RCM) methodology to evaluate marginal oilfield Early Production Facility (EPF) system to properly understand its functional failures and to develop an efficient maintenance strategy for the system. The outcome of the RCM conducted for a typical EPF within the Niger Delta zone of Nigeria provides an indication of equipment whose failure can significantly affect operations at the production facility. These include the steam generation unit and the wellhead choke assembly, using a risk-based failure Criticality Analysis. Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) was conducted for the identified critical equipment on a component basis. Each component of the equipment was analyzed to identify the failure modes, causes and the effect of the failure. The outcome of the FMEA analysis aided the development of a robust maintenance management strategy, which is based on an optimized mix of corrective, preventive and condition-based monitoring maintenance for the marginal oilfield EPF.

Maintenance and Condition-Based Maintenance

The evolution of maintenance management is briefly introduced in this paper, from corrective maintenance to preventive maintenance. First, a range of condition monitoring and fault diagnosis techniques developed in different industries are surveyed; Second, many methods of condition monitoring are presented; Third, mathematical methods used in condition monitoring are given; Then the merits and shortcomings are discussed. Efficient maintenance policies are of fundamental importance in system engineering because of their fallbacks into the safety and economics of plant operation. Applying condition-based maintenance to a system can reduce the cost and extend the availability of facilities. With the advent of personal computers as fast and cost effective machines for data acquisition and processing of multiple signals some shortcomings mentioned in condition monitoring could be solved or reduced to some extent. These PCs can be a solution as a condition monitoring based maintenance system.

Condition-Based Diagnostic Approach for Predicting the Maintenance Requirements of Machinery

Wise maintenance-procedures are essential for achieving high industrial productivities and low energy expenditure. A major part of the energy used in any production process is expended during the maintenance of the employed equipment. To ensure plant reliability and equipment availability, a condition-based maintenance policy has been developed in this investigation. In particular, this project explored the use of vibration parameters in the diagnosis of equipment failure. A computer-based diagnostic tool employing an artificial neural-network (ANN) was developed to analyse the ensuing machinery faults, their causes and consequences. For various categories of this type of machinery, a vibration-severity chart (ISO 12372 / BS 4675: 1971) appropriately colour coded according to defined mechanical faults, was used in training of the ANN. The model was validated using data obtained from a centrifugal pump on full load and fed into the program written in Visual Basic. The results revealed that, for centrifugal pumps within 15 to 300kw power range, vibration-velocity amplitude of between 0.9 and 2.7mm/s was within acceptable limits. When the values rose to between 2.8 and 7.0mm/s, closer monitoring and improved understanding of the equipment condition was needed. The evolved diagnostic and prognostic model is applicable for other rotary equipment that is used within the same power limits.

Overview of Condition-Based Maintenance Decision-Making Optimization Modeling of Multi-component System

Overview about three key contents of condition-based maintenance decision-making of a multi-component system is analyzed based on maintenance optimization and modeling. The component deterioration model, the correlation between the degraded components and the system configuration are analyzed separately in the deterioration model of multi-component system.For the maintenance polices,the opportunistic maintenance( OM)policy and the grouping maintenance( GM) policy are analyzed and summarized in combination with the condition-based maintenance( CBM) modeling of multi-component system. It is put forward that CBM modeling of multi-component system should be further researched based on the inspection interval and the maintenance threshold of multi-component system in availability.

Analysis of Condition-Based Maintenance for High-Valtage Electric Power

The development process of high-voltage electric power equipment maintenance was introduced. It is pointed out that the trend of high-voltage electric power equipment maintenance is so called condition-based maintenance. With the development of computer technology and sensors, on-line monitoring of high-voltage electric power equipment has developed rapidly. By introducing the main principle of Schering bridge to measure tanδ, the way of on-line monitoring of high-voltage electric power equipment was explained. Difference methods of on-line monitoring of insulation parameters for 35 kV substation were discussed. Finally, the shortcomings as well as its tendency of on-line monitoring were analyzed.

SOMS: A Subway Operation and Maintenance System Based on Planned Maintenance Model with Train State

This paper aims to propose a modeling framework for subway operation and maintenance system (SOMS), which analyzes the train condition data based on both train sensor network data and basis train maintenance plan. The system is formulated into five function modules, and the research problem is to determine one auxiliary maintains plan, including the time allocation and frequency of maintenance. The case of Guangzhou metro is conducted to illustrate the applicability of SOMS, and the results reveal a number of interesting insights into subway maintenance system, i.e., the worksheet can reduce duplication of redundant maintenance work, the repair cost, and the damage caused by frequent disassembly.

计及劣化状态和随机故障的光伏发电系统视情维修模型以及最优检修策略

针对现有光伏发电系统维修策略研究中通常仅考虑劣化状态导致维修决策不合理等问题,提出了一种计及劣化状态和随机故障的光伏发电系统视情维修模型及最优检修策略。首先,以离散状态下的Markov过程为基础,将随机故障对维修策略的影响引入到光伏发电系统视情维修建模中,建立光伏发电系统计及劣化状态和随机故障状态的视情维修模型,定期检测光伏发电系统的状态。当系统状态超过预防性维修阈值时进行不完全维修;出现随机故障时进行最小维修;达到故障状态时进行更换。然后,以光伏发电系统长期稳定运行的最小总成本率为目标,采用一种改进的黏菌优化算法求取光伏发电系统最佳检测周期和预防性维修阈值。最后,以某光伏发电系统为例,通过对模型参数的灵敏度分析和传统不考虑随机故障维修模型的对比研究,验证了所提模型及策略的有效性和可行性。

正态型寿命分布设备的可用性分析

设备可用性的解析计算方法具有过程直接、结果准确的优点,但其建模过程复杂,目前研究相对较少,而多采用随机过程或仿真的方法进行分析。针对寿命服从正态分布的设备,考虑预防性维修与视情维修情形,推导出设备使用可用度与瞬时可用度的解析求解方法,模拟设备的工作与维修过程,构建了设备使用可用度与瞬可时用度的仿真分析方法。采用不同寿命分布参数的设备进行算例验证,结果表明两种方法具有较好的一致性,可为正态型寿命分布设备的预防性维修与视情维修方案评价与优化提供技术途径。

基于油压监测的电力少油设备状态检修技术探讨及应用

少油设备的检修以周期性停电检修为主,该方式很难及早发现设备异常,易错过发现设备故障的最佳时机,酿成爆炸事故。现有的泄漏电流、介质损耗、局部放电等在线监测方法,也难于实时监测设备故障信息。为此建立了油浸式套管和电流互感器的油压分析模型,提出油压实时监测、异常预警、带电取油、色谱验证以及缺陷处置的少油设备状态检修技术路线,研制出油压在线监测、带电校验、带电取补油等成套设备,并进行现场应用。通过典型案例分析,进一步验证技术方案的可行性。

退化系统的质量控制、状态维修与备件订购联合策略优化

针对关键生产系统退化过程中出现3种状态的问题,提出基于延迟时间理论的质量控制、状态维修与备件订购联合策略.首先,考虑系统退化状态与产品质量之间的函数关系,设计了在系统退化初期检查系统状态,而在退化后期检查产品质量的两阶段检测策略.其次,根据状态检测信息、产品质量信息及故障信息选择应采取的维修活动,结合系统更新时备件所处的状态确定检测周期内各种可能的事件,构建有限时域内的平均费用率模型.然后,基于离散事件仿真和响应曲面法设计优化算法以快速近似求解模型.最后,通过算例分析部分将所提联合策略与对比模型策略进行比较,验证了所提联合策略的有效性与可行性.

军队装备维修工程CBM综述

军队维修体制从传统的定期维修、预防性维修向以可靠性维修（reliability centered maintenance，RCM）为指导的状态维修（condition based maintenance，CBM）和设备健康状态管理（equipment health management，EHM）方式过渡，是军队维修工程信息化、智能化管理进程中的必经之路。介绍了状态维修的基本概念及层次结构，对其国内外应用现状及主要应用价值进行了分析，阐述了CBM在我军维修工程中的实施对策及对三级维修体制的影响。

基于CBM策略的航空发动机在翼寿命预测研究

为了给航空公司制定航空发动机拆换计划提供科学合理的依据,基于视情维修方式,对航空发动机的在翼寿命进行了研究。首先,根据发动机历史拆换记录,基于比例危险-比例优势模型建立了发动机维修决策控制限的数学模型。然后,利用基于最小二乘支持向量机的时间序列预测方法对发动机状态参数进行了趋势预测,进而结合维修决策控制限模型便可得到发动机在翼寿命的预测结果。最后通过实例验证了该方法的有效性和实用价值。

CBM系统与设备状态监测

本文从设备维修需求与技术出发,给出了目前装备维修的主要方式及其优缺点,分析了当前基于状态的维修(CBM)研究与应用现状,提出了基于状态的维修分析决策系统框架,给出了CBM适用的条件和分析流程,探讨了预先维修、CBM与以可靠性为中心的维修(RCM)的融合。结合某设备中一齿轮箱的状态检测信息,给出了基于声音的设备状态监测案例。

基于实时状态监测的燃气轮机CBM决策系统

提出一种基于实时状态监测的燃气轮机视情维修(CBM)决策系统。该系统以实时数据库中燃气轮机的实际运行状态信息数据为依据,采用燃气轮机相关部件寿命预测计算方法,推算当前状态下的使用寿命(运行时数和启动次数),并折算成基准运行条件下的等效使用寿命,然后与最大维修寿命进行比较,预测得到剩余寿命。基于运行时数和启动次数的维修系数和服务系数的乘积,提出等效服务系数的概念;根据已运行时段和待预测时段的等效服务系数之间的关系,建立了4类CBM决策模型,进而对燃气轮机相关部件的具体维修时机进行决策。最后,应用ASP.NET技术,开发了基于B/S架构模式的燃气轮机CBM决策系统,并应用于工程实际,验证了该系统的有效性和实用性。

基于CBM的航空装备保障费用动态分析

目前航空装备的保障普遍存在保障费用高和装备可用度低的问题。针对视情维修(Condition-based Maintenance,简称CBM)在新一代航空装备中的应用,以保证航空装备的战备完好性,降低维修保障费用为目标,应用系统动力学原理,建立基于视情维修的航空装备保障费用的动态反馈结构模型。仿真结果表明,将视情维修方法应用到航空装备保障,可有效降低保障费用,提高战备完好率。