The hole reaming and side cutting characteristics of offset one-cone bit and conventional one- cone bit were investigated on simulated drilling experimental equipment. The borehole diameter was a little larger than th...The hole reaming and side cutting characteristics of offset one-cone bit and conventional one- cone bit were investigated on simulated drilling experimental equipment. The borehole diameter was a little larger than the bit diameter due to side force. However, the reaming effect was not very apparent, whether drilling with an offset or conventional one-cone bit. The side cutting displacement increased gradually with increasing depth of drilling and side force. The side cutting displacement of offset onecone bits was larger than that of conventional ones under the same conditions of weight-on-bit (WOB), rotary speed, side force and borehole depth.展开更多
We extend standard linear perturbations of a Schwarzschild black hole by Chandrasekhar to Bondi frame by transforming both even and odd parity perturbations when angular momentum l = 2.
文摘The hole reaming and side cutting characteristics of offset one-cone bit and conventional one- cone bit were investigated on simulated drilling experimental equipment. The borehole diameter was a little larger than the bit diameter due to side force. However, the reaming effect was not very apparent, whether drilling with an offset or conventional one-cone bit. The side cutting displacement increased gradually with increasing depth of drilling and side force. The side cutting displacement of offset onecone bits was larger than that of conventional ones under the same conditions of weight-on-bit (WOB), rotary speed, side force and borehole depth.
文摘We extend standard linear perturbations of a Schwarzschild black hole by Chandrasekhar to Bondi frame by transforming both even and odd parity perturbations when angular momentum l = 2.