Mitigating People-Park Conflicts on Resource Use through Ecotourism:A Case of the Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve,Indian Himalaya

Ecotourism aims to deliver the philosophy of sustainable development through environmental conservation as well as socio-economic development.Areas with rich biodiversity and scenic beauty,like the Indian Himalayan region,have been one of the major destination centers for nature lovers from historical time.In view of conserving the rich biodiversity and natural heritage of the Himalayan region 92 protected areas have been set aside,of these Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve(NDBR) is a well known world heritage site.Over a period of time establishing NDBR has invited conflicts between the local people and reserve authorities on the management approaches and utilization criteria of the natural resources,especially banning the traditional bio-resource collection rights of local community,expeditions,trekking,and other anthropogenic activities in the core zones.The present study aims to understand and analyze the various people-park conflicts,and also to suggest ways to mitigate such conflicts in view of biodiversity conservation and improvement of economic status of local people by promoting ecotourism.With this view the study further discusses the various aspects of ecotourism,its pros and cons,and the avenues of developing appropriate strategies for promotion of ecotourism in buffer zone areas of NDBR.

Proximity to corridors benefits bird communities in vegetated interrow vineyards in Mendoza, Argentina

Management under ecological schemes and increasing habitat heterogeneity,are essential for enhancing biodiversity in vineyards.Birds provide several contributions to agriculture,for example pest control,recreation and enhancing human mental health,and have intrinsic value.Birds are also ideal model organisms because they are easy to survey,and species respond differently to agricultural land use at different scales.Vegetated borders of crops are key for many species of birds,and distance to the border have been found to be an important factor in vineyard-dominated agroecosystems.We evaluate if there are differences in the bird assemblage,between the interior compared to borders within vineyards,using a hierarchical community occupancy model.We hypoth-esized that occupancy of birds is greater in environments with greater heterogeneity,which in this study was considered to be contributed by the proximity to vegetated corridors.We expected that vineyard borders close to corridors will have higher bird occupancy than the center of the vineyard.The research was conducted in three vineyards with biodiversity-friendly management practices,in Gualtallary,Mendoza,Argentina.Bird surveys were conducted over three breeding seasons from 2018 to 2020.Occupancy and richness of the bird community was more closely associated with the borders adjacent to the corridors than with the interior of the vineyards,as we initially predicted,although the assemblage of birds did not differ much.More than 75%of the registered species consume exclusively or partially invertebrates.Biodiversity-friendly management and ecological schemes,together with vegetated corridors provide multiple benefits for biodiversity conservation.These ap-proaches not only minimize the use of agrochemicals but also prioritize soil cover with spontaneous vegetation,which supports a diverse community of insectivorous bird species,potentially contributing to pest control.

Return Children to Nature——A Critique of Rousseau's Natural Education Thought

Jean Jacques Rousseau was one of the famous French Enlightenment thinkers,and Emile was one of his great masterpieces,in which he emphasized his objection to the medieval religious and feudal education that was a hindrance for the development of children's natural individuality,and he advocated implementing the natural education that was conformity to the children's nature,and fostered the harmonious development of children's body and mind.Rousseau's natural education theory was an education rationale for human innovation of its education posterior to his time,which thus was called "Copernican revolution" in human education history.From Rousseau onwards,the human education theory has begun to enter a new period of emphasis on research of children.

Historical Course Follows Climate Change: Patterns of the Northern Hemisphere — From Peoples’ Migration until the Industrial Revolution (3^rd-18^thCentury)

This paper relates to the statement that the so-called “Little Ice Age” (RCC 6: 1.350-1.800 A.D.) represents—besides the 8k-Event (8.200-8.000 yr cal. B.P.)—the fastest and strongest onset in Holocene History [1]. Its intention focuses on the correlation of interplaying natural processes (i.e. solar energy variation, aerosols, oceanic currents, volcanism as part of plate tectonics, heat flow) with social/political evidence through the time-span of Peoples’ Migration until Industrial Revolution (3rd-18th Century). The time-span comprises the cool/wet/respectively dry climate phase of the P.M. (260-550), a Climate Optimum (600-1.100 A.D.) owning a final Thermal Maximum (1.100-1.260 A.D.) and the “little Ice Age” (1.350-1.800 A.D.), the latter intercalated by the Spörer Minimum (1.460-1.550 A.D.) and the Maunder Minimum (1.650-1.720 A.D.). Thereby, an average temperature difference of 1.0°C - 2.0°C seems sufficient for incising climatic/cultural consequences [2]. It has become obvious that a Climate Optimum primarily provides constructive life conditions;however with a problematic final as the following “Effect-Chain” tells: balanced agricultural/cultural population growth → rich harvests → satisfying nourishment → health, encouragement → overpopulation under favorable materialistic conditions → increasing stress → lack of food, high prices → revolts → migration. In contrast, cool/wet/resp. dry conditions originate destructive/depressive conditions (see Peoples’ Migration) which initiate the following “Effect Chain”: bad agricultural conditions → poor/no harvesting → famine → disease, growing death rate → social, political revolts, wars → human cruelties with psychic/religious background (inquisition, witch-combustion → general chaos (30 yr-war) → death, migration (maritime endeavors, colonization). Furthermore, it should be stressed that volcanic aerosols play besides the solar influx variation—an important role on climate/cultural change [3]. However, the effects of oceanic currents’ heat flow of Mid-Oceanic Ridges and Hot Spots, as well as Earth-Magnetism and Sun/Earth Geometry are poorly understood in this context (Example: Iceland as hot spot situated on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge having been working since 40 Ma). The Chapter-introducing citations play a challenging role in regard to Science Criticism and touch the so-called 95% Confidence line (accepted realm of causal interrelation and according recommendation to Society [4]).

A Study of Xi Jinping Thought on Governing the Country Based on the Unity of “Party Spirit-People’s Nature”

The unity of “party spirit-people’s nature” is the basic proposition of Xi Jinping’s governance.Deng Xiaoping summarized the experience and lessons in the early days of reform and opening up,and put forward the basic line of the “leadership and unity” of the party in the early stage of socialism around “one center,two basic points”;Xi Jinping’s so-called “unification”,which is based on the the basic line of Deng Xiaoping’s initial stage of building a socialist country that is “rich,strong,democratic,civilized,harmonious and beautiful”,has further established the importance of “people as the center” and “party’s leadership”.Therefore,the “people-centered” and “the party’s overall leadership” are unified and become the basic idea of General Secretary Xi Jinping’s governance of the country.Xi Jinping has put forward the unity of “party spirit-people’s nature”,the “consistency” between governing the country and politics,and the “integration” between the people’s interests and the party’s leadership,thus forming “persistence”,“comprehensive”,“confidence”,“maintenance” and other assertions.

社会使命与时代叙事:1949~1965年传统工艺美术的“人民性”

中华人民共和国成立初期,伴随手工业社会主义改造的展开,毛泽东《在延安文艺座谈会上的讲话》中提出的“人民性”文艺精神,在传统工艺美术中逐步落实:以“人民”身份登上政治舞台的手工艺人,成为工艺美术“人民性”的阐释主体;深入理解、深刻表现人民新生活,展现社会主义制度的优越性,从人民的需要出发“为人民”,成为工艺美术创作的社会使命;以“人民性”重建“民族性”,在“人民文化”中得以重构的“民族形式”,成为工艺美术叙事的时代元素。在“为人民”的社会需求中,作为“人民”的手工艺人,在实践中诠释了工艺美术的“人民性”,履行了工艺美术服务人民日常生活、展现社会主义优越性、塑造新时代人民形象的时代使命,也形成了融传统技艺、时代内容和民族意象于一体的新民族形式。

习近平文化思想人民性的三维向度探析

人民性是习近平文化思想的本质属性,其植根于马克思主义文化理论的人民观,溯源于党百年来的人民文化思想,承继于中华优秀传统文化的民本理念,定基于新时代文化建设的具体实践。这一思想的价值意蕴深刻体现在人民是创造历史文明的价值主体,满足群众文化需求的价值目标,以人民满意为评判的价值标准,以及维护好发展好人民文化利益的价值实现上。新时代,我们应不断强化党对宣传文化工作的坚强领导,推进公共文化服务体系的结构性改革,激发群众的文化主体力量,提升人民的文化获得感,实现人民精神文化生活的共同富裕,以凝聚全党全国各族人民强大的思想意志,助推文化自信自强。

中国共产党跳出治乱兴衰历史周期率两个答案中的人民性思想

作为历经百年风雨而风华正茂的马克思主义政党,中国共产党成功的一个重要密码就在于将人民性思想体现在治国理政的全过程中,跳出治乱兴衰历史周期率的两个答案就是一个典型范例。从“民主新路”到“自我革命”,是中国共产党在承袭马克思主义人民观、借鉴中国传统民本思想和总结党长期发展经验的基础上,在带领人民实现站起来、富起来到强起来的进程中,对中国共产党实际发展的积极回应,两个答案在价值追求、品质体现、目标导向等方面有着共同特质。新征程上,必须在“变”与“不变”中深化对人民性的理解、在强化制度建设中促使人民性原则落地生根、在良好的党群关系中有效助推党的自我革命,才能更好地理解这两个答案中坚持人民性思想的意义,更好地践行“两个答案”。

再论汉代人的国家意识

汉代人的国家意识在带有“公”属性的同时,其一家一姓“皇帝专属”的“私”属性十分浓厚。虽然总体来看,汉代人的强国与爱国意识得到了空前强化,但汉代人的国家意识也具有多层次性、差异性和可变性。理性看待汉代人的国家意识,可为现今中国真正有效、稳固、积极、健康的群体爱国意识的形成及爱国行为的产生提供有价值的历史启示。

美丽中国建设的四重愿景与实践进路

进入建设社会主义生态文明新时代,美丽中国建设成为我国生态文明建设的重要使命。实现人与自然和谐共生是美丽中国建设的核心要义,美丽中国建设包含实现自然生态美、人文社会美、生态法治美和地球生命美的四重愿景。全面推进美丽中国建设,要在深入理解美丽中国建设四重愿景的基础上,多管齐下、多路并进,重点坚持以人民为中心的发展思想,积极推进生态法治建设,全面推进绿色发展,主动参与全球生态治理,助力美丽中国建设目标如期实现。

全民所有自然资源资产清查实践的理论与关键技术体系探讨

全民所有自然资源资产是我国国有资产的重要组成部分,保障国家社会经济可持续发展的基石。可靠的全民所有自然资源资产清查是摸清我国自然资源资产家底的有效途径,关系国家重大自然资源安全战略决策的正确性。论文结合全民所有自然资源资产清查工作实践,提出了资产清查的基本概念、理论支撑,设计了全民所有自然资源资产清查的总体技术体系框架。在此基础上,进一步总结了多源异构大数据整合、资产价格空间化构建、可靠性质量控制与核查、数据统计分析与挖掘、成果应用与辅助决策等关键技术,探讨了全民所有自然资源资产清查与自然资源监督管理工作的交织,以为常态化的全民所有自然资源资产清查工作提供科技支撑,更好地服务于我国现阶段的全民所有自然资源资产管理工作。

苏轼“随物赋形”命题的功能发展

苏轼散文中“随物赋形”一词最初指水随着外界环境变化而改变自己形态的特点,之后发挥出“随物赋形”在为人与为文两方面的理论功能。随物赋形思想既整合了道、佛两家相关的思想,也是对陶渊明人生态度、谢赫相关画论的发展及个人生活经历的理论互动。这一命题在苏轼的书写过程中逐渐增强概括与统摄功能,伴随着这一命题的经典化,其在文学理论领域兼具概括阐释功能与创作实践指导功能的意义不断凸显,一方面持续启迪相关概念、命题的提出和文本的创作,另一方面也以一种风格形态成为理论和创作的评价标准。

Distinguished biological adaptation architecture aggravated population differentiation of Tibeto-Burman-speaking people

Tibeto-Burman(TB)people have endeavored to adapt to the hypoxic,cold,and high-UV high-altitude environments in the Tibetan Plateau and complex disease exposures in lowland rainforests since the late Paleolithic period.However,the full landscape of genetic history and biological adaptation of geographically diverse TB-speaking people,as well as their interaction mechanism,remain unknown.Here,we generate a whole-genome meta-database of 500 individuals from 39 TB-speaking populations and present a comprehensive landscape of genetic diversity,admixture history,and differentiated adaptative features of geographically different TB-speaking people.We identify genetic differentiation related to geography and language among TB-speaking people,consistent with their differentiated admixture process with incoming or indigenous ancestral source populations.A robust genetic connection between the Tibetan-Yi corridor and the ancient Yellow River people supports their Northern China origin hypothesis.We finally report substructure-related differentiated biological adaptative signatures between highland Tibetans and Loloish speakers.Adaptative signatures associated with the physical pigmentation(EDAR and SLC24A5)and metabolism(ALDH9A1)are identified in Loloish people,which differed from the high-altitude adaptative genetic architecture in Tibetan.TB-related genomic resources provide new insights into the genetic basis of biological adaptation and better reference for the anthropologically informed sampling design in biomedical and genomic cohort research.

论所有权路径下全民所有自然资源资产损害赔偿救济机制

随着全民所有自然资源资产损害赔偿机制的提出,何类主体享有行使自然资源资产所有权的权利,并就损害行为提出救济诉求,已然成为学界的争议焦点。在自然资源保护的法治和治理机制缺失、自然资源资产损害救济所有权机制尚未形成的背景下,难以有效实现对所有权人的权利救济。就全民所有自然资源资产的财产属性而言,其具备物权的基本特征,并可通过具备私权主体地位的自然资源部门实现其财产价值。为实现对全民所有自然资源资产损害的全面救济,应在可持续发展理念的指导下,进一步协调“赋权”和“管权”的关系,肯定不同层级所有权代理人的所有权权能行使内容,并以行政机关的“管权”为保障,实现经济价值与社会功效的均衡。

以人民为中心的发展思想视域下的绿色发展理念研究

绿色发展理念的要义是要解决好、实现好人与自然的和谐共生问题。以人民为中心的发展思想的内涵是生成性的,贯穿绿色发展理念的全过程。绿色发展理念不仅对维护、坚持以人民为中心的发展思想有光辉典范意义,对我国社会经济发展有重大指导意义,而且对国际生态文明建设有重要参考借鉴价值。

“天人合一”美学思想对老年家具设计的应用研究

本文通过分析老年家具的发展现状,结合老年人的基本特征与需求。并在“天人合一”美学思想中的“以人为本”与“可持续发展观”对老年家具的现存问题进行分析总结,提出老年家具的设计原则以及在设计中的应用。旨在为未来老年家具设计提供新思路,并为传承我国民族文化奠定坚实的理论基础。

基于安全、市场、民生视角的我国自然资源经济形势分析

自然资源经济形势分析是国家宏观经济形势分析的重要支撑。组成“山水林田湖草沙生命共同体”的各门类自然资源之间的复杂联系必然要求自然资源经济形势分析要坚持系统性。在全面推进人与自然和谐共生的现代化进程中,自然资源最主要的工作就是为经济安全筑基础,为市场繁荣添活力,为民生大众谋福祉。基于安全、市场、民生三个视角,研究自然资源在供应风险、市场配置和应急保障之间的关系,选取能够及时更新并反映自然资源状况的基础指标及复合指标,构建自然资源经济形势分析指标体系。通过长期趋势分析结合短期形势研判,对2024年上半年自然资源经济形势进行了分析。通过分析可知,当前我国耕地保护形势态势较好,但耕地质量不高,格局分布不合理;矿产品生产较为平稳,重要矿产品对外依存度较高;房地产市场态势下行,民生保障存在结构性矛盾;地质灾害整体偏重,防灾减灾形势严峻等。为此,提出进一步优化耕地质量和分布格局、推动重要矿产增储上产、优化住宅用地供应结构、提升预报预警服务能力等对策建议。

新时代生态文明增进民生福祉:生成逻辑、价值意蕴与强化路径

新时代生态文明增进民生福祉以马克思主义人与自然关系的思想为指导,赓续中华优秀传统文化,传承中国共产党生态文明建设的人民利益立场,立足解决损害群众健康的突出环境问题的现实需要,有利于建设人与自然和谐共生的现代化,有利于指明满足人民群众美好生活需要的发展路径,有利于把美丽中国建设转化为全体人民自觉行动,有利于统筹推进美丽中国建设与清洁美丽世界建设。新时代实现生态文明增进民生福祉的存续和强化,必须牢固树立绿水青山就是金山银山的绿色发展观,培育和弘扬社会主义生态文化,坚持用最严格制度和最严密法治保护生态环境,以及坚持共谋全球生态文明建设。

银幕之外:群众影评与谢晋电影的“交互式创作”

在当代中国电影导演谱系中,谢晋无疑占据着一个极为关键的位置。长期以来,学界对谢晋电影的研究已取得丰硕的成果,但“文本批评”与“美学阐释”的研究框架占据了一定的主导地位,鲜有对谢晋导演社会活动的关注。研究聚焦谢晋在20世纪80年代的一系列社会性活动,考察其与80年代普通电影观众、业余影评员以及群众影评组织间的交流和互动,发现了谢晋“交互式创作”的内在逻辑。一方面,聚焦谢晋社会活动家的身份,讨论其与群众影评浪潮的互渗,并在双方的交互进程中,推动了群众影评文化在20世纪80年代的文化建构;另一方面,群众影评通过对话、商榷等多元化的方式,积极参与对谢晋电影的评论,而且以“历史微声”的特点,介入到80年代“谢晋模式”的讨论谱系,建构出区别于电影知识分子的话语场域。更为关键的是,通过对群众影评的考察,发现“谢晋电影”的意义生产并非局限于“电影文本”,更多则呈现在银幕之外的社会文化范畴中,并成为透视文艺“人民性”的典型艺术实践。基于此,经由谢晋与群众影评的情感交互,我们试图开辟一条再次审视“谢晋电影”的民间通道,以期丰富、拓展目前学界对谢晋电影研究的疆界。