Femoral Access with Ultrasound-Guided Puncture and Z-Stitch Hemostasis for Adults with Congenital Heart Diseases Undergoing Electrophysiological Procedures

Aims:Although the application of ultrasound-guided vascular puncture and Z-stitch hemostasis to manage femoral access has been widely utilized,there is limited data on this combined application in adult congenital heart disease(ACHD)patients undergoing electrophysiological(EP)procedures.We sought to evaluate the safety and efficacy of ultrasound-guided puncture and postprocedural Z-stitch hemostasis for ACHD patients under-going EP procedures.Methods and Results:The population of ACHD patients undergoing transfemoral EP pro-cedures at the University of Zurich Heart Center between January 2019 and December 2022 was observed and analyzed.During the study period,femoral access(left/right,arterial/venous)was performed under real-time ultrasound guidance.At the end of the procedure,a single Z-stitch was performed at the puncture site.We eval-uated the incidence of in-hospital complications associated with femoral access puncture in this population.Among 101 patients who had a total of 147 previous ipsilateral vascular punctures(mean 1.5 per person),100 patients underwent successful femoral vascular access for EP procedures.The median age of the patients was 47±15 years and 34(34%)were male.Z-stitches were performed after the procedure in 100 patients with 303 femoral vascular accesses(mean 3 punctures per person).No patient developed vascular puncture relevant inguinal hematoma,pseudo aneurysm,arteriovenousfistula,venous or arterial thrombosis.Conclusion:In ACHD patients undergoing EP procedures,optimal femoral access management can be achieved with ultra-sound-guided puncture and postprocedural Z-stitch hemostasis.

Effect of Exercise-Based Cardiac Rehabilitation on Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Adults with Congenital Heart Disease

Background:The purpose of this study was to investigate whether patients with adult congenital heart disease(ACHD)benefit from exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation(CR)short-and long-term with regard to improvement of cardiorespiratory fitness.Methods:Cardiopulmonary exercise tests(CPET)completed by ACHD patients between January 2000 and October 2019 were analysed retrospectively.Linear mixed models were performed for peak oxygen consumption(VO_(2))with patients as random effect and age,sex,disease classification,preceding surgery(≤3 months)and preceding CR(≤4 weeks for short term and>4 weeks for long term)as fixed effects.Results:1056 CPETs of 311 ACHD patients with simple(7),moderate(188)or great(116)complexity heart defects were analysed.The 59 patients who completed a CR(median age 27 yrs,38%females)increased peak VO_(2)from before to after CR by a median of 2.7(IQR–0.6 to 5.5)ml/kg/min.However,in the multivariate mixed model,peak VO_(2)was non-significantly increased short-term after CR(β0.8,95%CI–0.7 to 2.4),not maintained long-term after CR(β0.0,95%CI–1.7 to 1.6)but significantly reduced after surgery(β–5.1,95%CI–7.1 to–3.1).The 20 CR patients after surgery increased their peak VO_(2)by 6.2(IQR 3.6–9.5)ml/kg/min,while the 39 CR patients without preceding surgery increased it by 0.9(IQR–1.5 to 3.1)ml/kg/min.Conclusions:The increase in peak VO_(2)with CR was mainly due to recovery from surgical intervention.The small independent benefit from CR was not maintained long-term,highlighting the potential to improve current CR concepts in ACHD populations.

Feasibility and safety of cryoballoon ablation for atrial fibrillation inpatients with congenital heart disease

BACKGROUND The prevalence of atrial fibrillation (AF) is on the rise in the aging population with congenital heart disease (CHD). A few case series have described the feasibility and early outcomes associated with radiofrequency catheter ablation of AF centered on electrically isolating pulmonary veins (PV) in patients with CHD. In contrast, cryoballoon ablation has not previously been studied in this patient population despite its theoretical advantages, which include a favorable safety profile and shorter procedural time. AIM To assess the safety and feasibility of cryoballoon ablation for AF in an initial cohort of patients with CHD. METHODS The study population consisted of consecutive patients with CHD and cryoballoon ablation for AF at the Montreal Heart Institute between December 2012 and June 2017. Procedural complications, acute success, and 1-year freedom from recurrent AF after a single procedure with or without antiarrhythmic drugs were assessed. Procedures were performed under conscious sedation. Left atrial access was obtained via a single transseptal puncture or through an existing atrial septal defect (ASD). Cryoballoon occlusion was assessed by distal injection of 50% diluted contrast into the pulmonary vein. At least one 240-second cryothermal application was performed upon obtaining complete pulmonary vein occlusion. Following ablation, patients were routinely followed at outpatient visits at 1, 3, 6, and 12 mo, and then annually. RESULTS Ten patients, median age 57.9 (interquartile range 48.2-61.7) years, 60% female, met inclusion criteria and were followed for 2.8 (interquartile range 1.4-4.5) years.Two had moderately complex CHD (sinus venosus ASD with partial anomalous pulmonary venous return;aortic coarctation with a persistent left superior vena cava), with the remainder having simple defects. AF was paroxysmal in 8 (80.0%) and persistent in 2 (20.0%) patients. The pulmonary vein anatomy was normal in 6 (60.0%) patients. Four had left common PV (n = 3) and/or 3 right PV (n = 2). Electrical pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) was acutely successful in all. One patient had transient phrenic nerve palsy that recovered during the intervention. No major complication occurred. One year after a single ablation procedure, 6 (60%) patients remained free from AF. One patient with recurrent AF had recovered pulmonary vein conduction and underwent a second PVI procedure. A second patient had ablation of an extra-pulmonary vein trigger for AF. CONCLUSION Cryoballoon ablation for AF is feasible and safe in patients with simple and moderate forms of CHD, with an excellent acute success rate and modest 1-year freedom from recurrent AF.

Prognosis and outcome of intrauterine treatment of fetuses with critical congenital heart disease

Background:Intrauterine valvuloplasty is an innovative therapy,which promotes ventricular growth and function in some congenital heart diseases(CHDs).The technique remains challenging and can only be performed in a few centers.This study aimed to assess the feasibility and mid-term outcomes of fetal cardiac intervention(FCI)in fetuses with critical CHD in an experienced tertiary center.Methods:Five fetal aortic valvuloplasty(FAV)or fetal pulmonary valvuloplasty(FPV)procedures were performed in our fetal heart center between August 2018 and May 2022.Technical success was defined as crossing the aortic or pulmonary valve and balloon inflation,followed by evidence of increased blood flow across the valve and/or new regurgitation.Follow-up clinical records and echocardiography were obtained during the prenatal and postnatal periods.Results:Five fetuses received FAV or FPV,including critical aortic stenosis(n=2)and pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum(n=3).The mean maternal age was 33.0±2.6 years.The median gestational age(GA)at diagnosis was 24 weeks(range,22-26 weeks).The median GA at intervention was 29 weeks(range,28-32 weeks).All five cases underwent successful or partially successful procedures.One patient had pulmonary valve perforation without balloon dilation.No procedure-related deaths or significant complications occurred.However,one neonatal death occurred due to heart and renal failure.The median follow-up period was 29.5 months(range,8.0-48.0 months).The four surviving patients had achieved biventricular circulation,exhibited improved valve,and ventricular development at the last follow-up visit.Conclusion:Intrauterine FCI could be performed safely with good prognosis in critical CHD.

Interventional closure operation increases angiotensin-(1-7) level in pulmonary arterial hypertension due to congenital heart disease

Background Recent studies have demonstrated that angiotensin(Ang)-(1-7) plays an important role in the development of pulmonary arterial hypertension(PAH). Our previously study showed that serum Ang-(1-7) level was decreased in patients with PAH due to congenital heart disease(CHD). The present study aimed to investigate the changes of serum Ang-(1-7) before and after intervention closure. Methods fifty-nine patients with CHD were included. The patients were divided into non-PAH(group A), mild PAH(group B) and moderate PAH(group C). The serum Ang-(1-7) was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) at 1 day before operation and 2 days after operation. Results Before intervention closure, serum angiotensin-(1-7) level was significantly lower in group C than that in group A and group B. After intervention closure operation, serum Ang-(1-7) level was increased in group B and group C. Conclusion Serum Ang-(1-7) level is increased in PAH patients after interventional closure operation of CHD, which might be used as potential clinical biomarkers to evaluate the postoperative prognosis for these patients.[S Chin J Cardiol 2019;20(4):264-268]

Interventional treatment for congenital heart disease and its severe complications

Background To approach the incidence, cause and possible treatment of severe complications induced during or after congenital heart disease interventions. Methods Interventional procedures of congenital heart disease were performed in 654 patients from January 2003 to October 2009, which were divided into four groups, i.e. patent ductus arteriosus （PDA）, atrial septum defect （ASD）, pulmonary stenosis（PS）, ventricular septum defect（VSD）, among them 32 patients with severe complications were retrospectively analyzed. Results A total of 654 cases accepted the treatment of intrusion. There was one death in all the patients, ten patients failed in the operation. The overall severe complication rate was 4.89% （32/654）, in which 2.29%（4/175） in PDA group, 5.26%（10/190） in ASD group, 5.77% （3/52） in PS group, 6.33%（15/237） in VSD group, respectively. Conclusions The severe complication rates of interventional therapy for congenital heart disease are low, it is a relatively safe interventional method, and careful supervision is necessary during or after procedure.

Congenital heart“Challenges”in Down syndrome

In this editorial,we comment on the article by Kong et al published in the recent issue of the World Journal of Cardiology.In this interesting case,the authors present the challenges faced in managing a 13-year-old patient with Down syndrome(DS)and congenital heart disease(CHD)associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension.In this distinct population,the Authors underscore the need for early diagnosis and management as well as the need of a multidisciplinary approach for decision making.It seems that the occurrence of CHD in patients with DS adds layers of complexity to their clinical management.This editorial aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the intricate interplay between DS and congenital heart disorders,offering insights into the nuanced diagnostic and therapeutic considerations for physicians.

Application of stent implantation in congenital heart disease

Vascular stenoses and hypoplasia in children are associated with congenital heart disease or occur as residual lesions or complications after surgical repair. These obstructions can occur in arteries or veins of both the pulmonary and systemic circulations. Untreated vascular stenoses cause significant mortality and morbidity and will severely affect surgical outcome.

Current Advances in Transcatheter Intervention for Children Born with Congenital Heart Defects: A Review of Literature

This review aims to sum up the improvements witnessed in the field of interventional cardiology during recent times. The last decade has witnessed significant technical advances in the field of radiological imaging and also in interventional cardiology which has helped to offer more non-invasive solutions for the management of congenital heart defects. This has resulted from the use of advanced 3-dimensional fusion imaging instead of conventional 2-dimensional angiography, applying interactive real-time enhancement and using computed tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging for interventional procedures. Similarly the introduction of next generation devices, have not only improved the final outcome of the procedure but also has helped in reducing the challenges that were faced before and with the initial generation of devices. These advances have helped not only in reducing the radiation exposure, the use of contrast medium dose but also have resulted in improved early survival. The field of neonatal cardiology has advanced at an unprecedented pace. The transcatheter closure of patent ductus arteriosus has evolved over time and now it has been made possible at much lower body weight. Similarly, early use of stents for aortic coarctation has been found effective in some patients, especially when surgical intervention had been denied. The application of the hybrid approach for the management of complex congenital heart defects has also been effectively applied. More recently transcatheter placement of the pulmonary valve has been introduced for severely stenotic and/or regurgitant pulmonary valve in adolescents and adults. It is anticipated that in near future, this procedure would be available for relatively younger patients. In conclusion: last 2 decades have improvised pediatric interventional cardiology to incorporate less invasive solutions for CHD. The current advances in radio-diagnostic imaging, gadgetry and technical expertise have improved significantly and led to manage many of such defects by trans-catheter approach. This has led also, to replace the early surgical intervention with a more subtle hybrid approach, thus reducing not only the major surgical trauma but also been found to be cost-effective due to a shorter hospital stay. But a learning curve for performers is required for optimum results and also such procedures should be performed in a fully developed facility with an optimum surgical backup.

Congenital coronary artery anomalies silent until geriatric age： non-invasive assessment, angiography tips, and treatment

Coronary artery anomalies （CAAs） may be discovered more often as incidental findings during the normal diagnostic process for other cardiac diseases or less frequently on the basis of manifestations of myocardial ischemia. The cardiovascular professional may be involved in their angiographic diagnosis, fimctional assessment and eventual endovascular treatment. A complete angiographic definition is mandatory in order to understand the functional effects and plan any intervention in CAAs： computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging are useful non-invasive tools to detect three-dimensional morphology of the anomalies and its relationships with contiguous cardiac structures, whereas coronary arteriography remains the gold standard for a definitive anatomic picture. A practical idea of the possible functional sig- nificance is mandatory for deciding how to manage CAAs： non-invasive stress tests and in particular the invasive pharmacological stress tests with or without intravascular ultrasound monitoring can assess correctly the functional significance of the most CAAs. Finally, the knowledge of the particular endovascular techniques and material is of paramount importance for achieving technical and clinical success. CAAs represent a complex issue, which rarely involve the cardiovascular professional at different levels. A timely practical knowledge of the main issues regarding CAAs is important in the management of such entities.

Valvuloplasty of fetal pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum and hypoplastic right heart: Mid-term follow-up results

Objective:This study aimed to analyze and evaluate the results of mid-term follow-up after fetal pulmonary valvuloplasty(FPV)in fetuses with pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum(PA/IVS).Methods:From August 31,2018,to May 31,2019,seven fetuses with PA/IVS and hypoplastic right heart were included in this study.All underwent echocardiography by the same specialist and were operated on by the same team.Intervention and echocardiography data were collected,and changes in the associated indices noted during follow-up were analyzed.Results:All seven fetuses successfully underwent FPV.The median gestational age at FPV was 27.54 weeks.The average FPV procedural time was 6 min.Persistent bradycardia requiring treatment occurred in 4/7 procedures.Finally,five pregnancies were successfully delivered,and the other two were aborted.Compared to data before fetal cardiac interventions(FCI),tricuspid valve annulus diameter/mitral valve annulus diameter(TV/MV)and right ventricle diameter/left ventricle diameter(RV/LV)of all fetuses had progressively improved.The maximum tricuspid regurgitation velocity decreased from 4.60 m/s to 3.64 m/s.The average follow-up time was 30.40±2.05 months.During the follow-up period,the diameter of the tricuspid valve ring in five children continued to improve,and the development rate of the tricuspid valve was relatively obvious from 6 months to 1 year after birth.However,the development of the right ventricle after birth was relatively slow.It was discovered that there were individual variations in the development of the right ventricle during follow-up.Conclusion:The findings support the potential for the development of the right ventricle and tricuspid valve in fetuses with PA/IVS who underwent FCI.Development of the right ventricle and tricuspid valve does not occur synchronously during pregnancy.The right ventricle develops rapidly in utero,but the development of tricuspid valve is more apparent after birth than in utero.

Transcatheter Device Closure of a Perimembranous Ventricular Septal Defect in Congenitally Corrected Transposition of the Great Arteries

The majority of patients with congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries,also known as transposition of the great arteries{S,L,L}have ventricular septal defects(VSD),most commonly perimembranous VSD(pmVSD).Transcatheter device closure of pmVSD in these patients has not been widely described.We present a case of device closure of pmVSD in L-TGA with an Amplatzer Duct Occluder II(ADOII)device using a deployment starting in the subpulmonary left ventricle.The case demonstrates some of the technical advantages of the ADOII device for VSD closure,specifically its low profile,symmetric shape,and soft material.These characteristics are advantageous in closing conventional pmVSD but are especially useful in patients with challenging anatomic substrates.

急诊介入治疗在肺血减少型复杂先天性心脏病外科术后的应用

目的:探讨急诊介入治疗在复杂先天性心脏病术后的应用经验。方法:收集我中心2013年1月至2023年5月,复杂先天性心脏病外科术后行急诊介入治疗的病例,分析基线资料、侧枝封堵前后的临床特点,外科术后侧枝分布、处理及临床转归。结果:共有12例肺血减少型复杂先天性心脏病术后因体肺侧枝行急诊介入治疗,其中男8例(66.7%)、女4例(33.3%);外科矫治手术中位年龄48(7.5, 93.0)个月,体质量13(6.9, 31.1)kg。其中10例术前行造影检查,有6例于外科术前行体肺侧枝封堵术,4例未见明显体肺侧枝或因体肺侧枝细小未封堵。所有患儿均行外科矫治术。7例患儿在外科术中有回血增多现象,2例在术中行体肺侧枝结扎。所有患儿因术后至少出现下述表现之一:不同程度的肺出血、血痰;需较高条件的呼吸机支持,呼吸末气道压高;影像学改变(胸X线片提示肺血多、肺部渗出或斑片影);无法拔除气管插管或拔管后不耐受;可伴有心功能不全及血氧饱和度维持不佳。所有患儿于外科矫治术后平均4.5(3.0,13.0)d行急诊体肺侧枝介入封堵术,共封堵体肺侧枝29支,平均每例患儿封堵侧枝2.4支。体肺侧枝主要源于胸主动脉(8例,66.7%)、头臂干动脉(8例,66.7%)及腹主动脉(2例,16.7%)。10患儿侧枝封堵术后病情改善:侧枝封堵后(55.8±30.4)h脱离呼吸机;且循环趋于平稳,心功能好转,顺利出院。另外2例因同时合并其他复杂情况,预后不良。结论:复杂多变的体肺侧枝循环是肺血减少型复杂先天性心脏病患儿的诊治难点之一,除了术前、术中早发现早干预,术后积极有效的急诊体肺侧枝封堵可作为补救措施,降低围术期并发症并改善围术期预后。

儿童肌部室间隔缺损的介入治疗研究

目的探讨应用Cardi-O-Fix Plug封堵器治疗儿童肌部室间隔缺损(muscular ventricle septal defect,mVSD)的有效性和安全性。方法将昆明医科大学第一附属医院从2015年7月至2021年6月心内科收治的14例mVSD患儿作为研究对象。分为实验组(14例)和对照组(10例),实验组采用Cardi-O-Fix Plug封堵器进行封堵,对照组采用Cardi-O-Fix mVSD封堵器进行封堵。术后1d以及随访1个月、3个月、6个月采用经胸超声心动图和心电图评价封堵疗效及并发症的发生情况。结果24例患儿中22例成功封堵,2例封堵失败(实验组和对照组各1例),实验组成功率92.8%(13/14),对照组成功率90.0%(9/10)。实验组的平均手术时长(71.93±14.85)min,对照组的平均手术时间时长(90.70±19.78)min,二者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。实验组和对照组在术中及随访期间均未出现严重并发症。比较不同时间点2组的心脏超声指标(包括左室射血分数、左室舒张末期内径以及肺动脉压),差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论采用Cardi-O-Fix Plug封堵器在经皮导管封堵心尖部及小梁部的儿童mVSD手术安全有效,短期及中长期发生心律失常的概率低。

整体干预对介入治疗术后先天性心脏病患儿提升生活质量、降低并发症的效果

目的研究整体干预用于介入治疗术后先天性心脏病(CHD)患儿提升生活质量、降低并发症的效果。方法选取2021年6月至2022年5月行介入治疗术的CHD患儿102例,患儿随机分为对照组(n=51,予以常规干预)和试验组(n=51例,在对照组基础上联用整体干预)。比较2组康复情况、儿童术后疼痛行为量表(FLACC)、生活质量评价量表(SF-36)、并发症发生率、家属满意度情况。结果试验组胸闷消退时间、气促消退时间、住院时间短于对照组(P<0.05)。试验组FLACC评分低于对照组(P<0.05)。试验组SF-36量表各维度评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。试验组总并发症发生率为3.92%低于对照组的17.65%(P<0.05)。试验组满意度(专业技能、照护水平、家人参与、获取信息评分)高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论整体干预用于介入治疗术后CHD患儿中,能快速改善患儿胸闷、气促等临床症状,缩短住院时间,有效缓解机体疼痛,提升患儿生活质量和家属满意度,且术后并发症较少。

先天性心脏病宫内介入治疗现状与展望

胎儿宫内心脏介入治疗(FCI)技术自1991年起发展至今,随着技术成功率的提高、并发症的减少及对患胎预后的改善,该技术已逐步获得医学界的认可与推广。国际胎儿心脏介入注册数据库的建立促进了该技术的国际间交流和技术发展,国际报道临床病例已逾400例。在国内,迄今已有广东、上海、青岛、重庆等多家医疗机构开展宫内心脏介入治疗,但病例数仍有限。文章从胎儿宫内心脏介入治疗的种类、操作过程、手术并发症、治疗指征以及治疗结局进行综述,同时提出该技术目前存在的问题和未来的展望。

营养管理标准操作规程下早期肠内营养干预对先天性心脏病患儿术后营养状态的影响

目的探讨营养管理标准操作规程下早期肠内营养干预对先天性心脏病患儿术后营养状态的影响。方法选取2020年1月至2022年1月浙江大学医学院附属儿童医院收治的186例行先天性心脏病手术的患儿,根据不同护理方案将其分为两组,接受常规护理的患儿纳入对照组(93例),在对照组基础上接受营养管理标准操作规程下早期肠内营养干预的患儿纳入观察组(93例)。比较两组生化指标、营养及康复情况、术后并发症总发生率。结果术后观察组血清白蛋白、前清蛋白水平高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组出院体重高于对照组,术后首次排便时间早于对照组(P<0.05);观察组术后并发症总发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论营养管理标准操作规程下早期肠内营养干预能够改善先天性心脏病患儿术后营养状态,减少并发症,值得推广。

宫内心脏介入治疗胎儿危重型先天性心脏病5例报告

目的探索胎儿心脏介入治疗(FCI)对于胎儿危重型先天性心脏病的可行性及短期疗效。方法纳入2018年8月至2022年5月在宫内诊治中心进行FCI的所有患儿的临床资料,包括围产期至出生后基本信息、FCI手术信息、胎儿超声心动图信息等,追踪病例至出生后3月,分析FCI技术的可行性、有效性及安全性。结果纳入胎儿7例,其中5例实施FCI手术,手术成功率100%(5/5),包括2例重度主动脉瓣狭窄(CAS)和3例室间隔完整型肺动脉闭锁(PA/IVS)。手术时的中位孕周为29^(+2)(28^(+6)~32^(+4))周。5例胎儿FCI术后的超声心动图指标均获得明显改善。5例胎儿均足月出生,中位出生胎龄39^(+2)(38~39^(+4))周。生后2例CAS患儿行外科主动脉瓣成形术,3例PA/IVS患儿完成经皮肺动脉瓣球囊扩张术。1例心功能不全CAS患儿于新生儿期死亡,4例随访中,预后良好。结论FCI是一项安全、有效的技术,有望改善危重型先天性心脏病的预后。

介入封堵术与外科手术治疗先天性心脏病的效果

目的:分析先天性心脏病患者实施介入封堵术及常规外科手术治疗的效果。方法:选择2019年3月—2022年3月无锡明慈心血管医院收治的159例先天性心脏病患者为观察对象。应用计算机随机分组法分为对照组(n=79)及研究组(n=80),对照组实施常规外科手术治疗,研究组实施介入封堵术治疗。比较两组治疗前后心脏几何结构指标[左心房内径(LA)、左心室内径(LV)、右心室内径(RV)]、血流动力学指标[二尖瓣口舒张早期最大血流速度(MVE)、二尖瓣口舒张晚期最大血流速度(MVA)、肺动脉压(PAP)、肺动脉瓣口血流速度(PV)、主动脉瓣口血流速度(AV)、三尖瓣口舒张早期最大血流速度(TVE)、三尖瓣口舒张晚期最大血流速度(TVA)]、心功能指标[左心室射血分数(LVEF)、左心室缩短率(LVFS)、B型利尿钠肽(BNP)]、血浆降钙素基因相关肽(CGRP)水平及并发症发生情况。结果:治疗前,两组心脏几何结构指标、血流动力学指标、心功能指标及血浆CGRP比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,研究组LA、LV、RV、MVE、MVA、PAP、PV指标低于对照组,AV、TVE、TVA、LVEF、LVFS、BNP、CGPR指标水平高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:先天性心脏病患者应用介入封堵术治疗,可有效改善患者心脏结构及血流动力学指标,增加血浆CGRP水平,降低肺动脉压,改善心功能运转状态,减少术后并发症的发生。

Clinical feasibility and safety of a novel miniature mobile cardiaccatheterization laboratory in diagnosis and treatment for coronaryheart disease

Background The lack of medical facilities causes delayed diagnosis and treatment of coronary heart disease in remote mountainous area and/or at disaster site. The miniature mobile cardiac catheterization laboratory was developed to be an intervention platform for coronary heart disease diagnosis and treatment by our team. Pre-clinical research indicated that the miniature mobile cardiac catheterization laboratory performed well in the rescue of critical cardiovascular diseases, even ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. The present study aimed to evaluate the clinical safety and timeliness of the miniature mobile cardiac catheterization laboratory for emergent coronary interventional diagnosis and treatment.Methods X-ray radiation safety and disinfection efficacy in the miniature mobile cardiac catheterization laboratory were tested during working status. Coronary angiography and/or percutaneous coronary intervention were performed in remote mountainous areas on patients who were first diagnosed as having coronary heart disease by senior interventional cardiologists. The percutaneous coronary intervention procedures and results from patients in the miniature mobile cardiac catheterization laboratory were compared with patients who were treated in the hospital catheter lab.Results The X-ray radiation dosages in the miniature mobile cardiac catheterization laboratory were 39.55 μGy/s, 247.4 μGy/h, 90.3 μGy/h and 39.4 μGy/h which were corresponded to 0 m, 1 m, 2 m and 3 m away from the tube central of the medium C-arm. And the radiation dosages used in the miniature mobile cardiac catheterization laboratory were less than the corresponding positions in the hospital catheter lab. The numbers of bacteria colonies in the miniature mobile cardiac catheterization laboratory in different environments range from(60±8) cfu/m3 to(120±10) cfu/m3 and met the demands of percutaneous coronary intervention. A total of 17 patients who received angiography in the miniature mobile cardiac catheterization laboratory, eight received percutaneous coronary intervention. The operations were all successfully accomplished without intraoperative and postoperative complications. The average angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention times were 35±9 minutes and 55±11 minutes, respectively. There was no significant difference in immediate percutaneous coronary intervention results between the miniature mobile cardiac catheterization laboratory and the catheter lab.Conclusions It is safe and feasible to carry out clinical interventional diagnosis and treatment in the miniature mobile cardiac catheterization laboratory as determined by this research. The miniature mobile cardiac catheterization laboratory may be considered a newly developed diagnosis and treatment platform for rescuing coronary heart disease patients in remote mountainous areas and/or at disaster sites.