Dynamics of a rotating ring-stiffened sandwich conical shell with an auxetic honeycomb core

The free vibration analysis of a rotating sandwich conical shell with a reentrant auxetic honeycomb core and homogenous isotropic face layers reinforced with a ring support is studied.The shell is modeled utilizing the first-order shear deformation theory(FSDT)incorporating the relative,centripetal,and Coriolis accelerations alongside the initial hoop tension created by the rotation.The governing equations,compatibility conditions,and boundary conditions are attained using Hamilton’s principle.Utilizing trigonometric functions,an analytical solution is derived in the circumferential direction,and a numerical one is presented in the meridional direction via the differential quadrature method(DQM).The effects of various factors on the critical rotational speeds and forward and backward frequencies of the shell are studied.The present work is the first theoretical work regarding the dynamic analysis of a rotating sandwich conical shell with an auxetic honeycomb core strengthened with a ring support.

CURDIS:A template for incremental curve discretization algorithms and its application to conics

We introduce CURDIS,a template for algorithms to discretize arcs of regular curves by incrementally producing a list of support pixels covering the arc.In this template,algorithms proceed by finding the tangent quadrant at each point of the arc and determining which side the curve exits the pixel according to a tailored criterion.These two elements can be adapted for any type of curve,leading to algorithms dedicated to the shape of specific curves.While the calculation of the tangent quadrant for various curves,such as lines,conics,or cubics,is simple,it is more complex to analyze how pixels are traversed by the curve.In the case of conic arcs,we found a criterion for determining the pixel exit side.This leads us to present a new algorithm,called CURDIS-C,specific to the discretization of conics,for which we provide all the details.Surprisingly,the criterion for conics requires between one and three sign tests and four additions per pixel,making the algorithm efficient for resource-constrained systems and feasible for fixed-point or integer arithmetic implementations.Our algorithm also perfectly handles the pathological cases in which the conic intersects a pixel twice or changes quadrants multiple times within this pixel,achieving this generality at the cost of potentially computing up to two square roots per arc.We illustrate the use of CURDIS for the discretization of different curves,such as ellipses,hyperbolas,and parabolas,even when they degenerate into lines or corners.

Study on a conical bearing for acceleration-sensitive equipment

Seismic isolation effectively reduces seismic demands on building structures by isolating the superstructure from ground vibrations during earthquakes.However,isolation strategies give less attention to acceleration-sensitive systems or equipment.Meanwhile,as the isolation layer’s displacement grows,the stiffness and frequency of traditional rolling and sliding isolation bearings increases,potentially causing self-centering and resonance concerns.As a result,a new conical pendulum bearing has been selected for acceleration-sensitive equipment to increase self-centering capacity,and additional viscous dampers are incorporated to enhance system damping.Moreover,the theoretical formula for conical pendulum bearings is supplied to analyze the device’s dynamic parameters,and shake table experiments are used to determine the proposed device’s isolation efficiency under various conditions.According to the test results,the newly proposed devices have remarkable isolation performance in terms of minimizing both acceleration and displacement responses.Finally,a numerical model of the isolation system is provided for further research,and the accuracy is demonstrated by the aforementioned experiments.

A New Method for Generating Conics

In this paper,based on the mean value theorem of differential,a new method of generating conics such as circles and parabolas is given,and the related algorithm for generating conics is designed.

An abnormal carbody swaying of intercity EMU train caused by low wheel-rail equivalent conicity and damping force unloading of yaw damper

Low-frequency carbody swaying phenomenon often occurs to railway vehicles due to hunting instability,which seriously deteriorates the ride comfort of passengers.This paper investigates low-frequency carbody swaying through experimental analysis and numerical simulation.In the tests,the carbody acceleration,the wheel-rail profiles,and the dynamic characteristics of dampers were measured to understand the characteristics of the abnormal carbody vibration and to find out its primary contributor.Linear and nonlinear numerical simulations on the mechanism and optimization measures were carried out to solve this carbody swaying issue.The results showed that the carbody swaying is the manifest of carbody hunting instability.The low equivalent conicity and the decrease of dynamic damping of the yaw damper are probably the cause of this phenomenon.The optimization measures to increase the equivalent conicity and dynamic damping of the yaw damper were put forward and verified by on-track tests.The results of this study could enrich the knowledge of carbody hunting and provide a reference for solving abnormal carbody vibrations.

NUMERICAL SIMULATION AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON HYDRAULIC COUNTER-PRESSURE DEEP DRAWING OF CONICAL PART

Hydraulic counter pressure deep drawing of truncated conical part is numerically simulated with MARK and the nature of increasing the forming limit in this process is searched.The effects of blank holding force and chamber pressure on forming results are investigated by experiments and,as a result,truncated conical parts with large drawing ratio are successfully formed in single step with this drawing method.

ANALYTICAL SOLUTIONS FOR RESPONSE OF COLLISION OF PARTICLE WITH CONICAL ROD CAUSED BY LONGITUDINAL VIBRATION

The objective is to present exact analytical solutions of longitudinal impact analysis for slender conical rods struck by a particle and a new method is proposed for conical rod-particle impact analysis, in which the superposition method is used and the response of the rod is presented. These analytical results are exact and can be used to validate the numerical methods or other analytical results. The numerical example shows that one of the advantages of the present method is that the analytical form is very simple. The result is that mass ratio and some variables describing the geometrical shape of rods such as taper, length and radius play an important role in impact dynamic system.

Conical Nanoparticles for Blood Disease Detection

Metallic nanoparticles play an important role in the design of sensing platforms. In this paper, a new electromagnetic study for conical metal nanoparticles, working in the Near Infrared and Visible frequency regime, is proposed. The structures consist of inclusions, arranged in an array configuration, embedded in a dielectric environment. The aim of this work is to develop new analytical models, in order to describe the nanoparticles electromagnetic behavior in terms of extinction cross-section (absorption and scattering). The closed-form formulas link the conical nanoparticles geometrical and electromagnetic parameters to their resonant frequency properties in terms of wavelength position, magnitude and bandwidth. The proposed models are compared to the numerical results and to the experimental ones, reported in literature. Good agreement is obtained. The proposed analytical formulas represent useful tools for sensing applications. For this reason, exploiting such models a new sensing platform able to detect different blood diseases is obtained. Numerical results confirm the capability of the proposed structure to be used as a sensing platform for medical diagnostics.

Torsional postbuckling characteristics of functionally graded graphene enhanced laminated truncated conical shell with temperature dependent material properties

Buckling and postbuckling characteristics of laminated graphene-enhanced composite(GEC)truncated conical shells exposed to torsion under temperature conditions using finite element method(FEM)simulation are presented in this study.In the thickness direction,the GEC layers of the conical shell are ordered in a piece-wise arrangement of functionally graded(FG)distribution,with each layer containing a variable volume fraction for graphene reinforcement.To calculate the properties of temperaturedependent material of GEC layers,the extended Halpin-Tsai micromechanical framework is used.The FEM model is verified via comparing the current results obtained with the theoretical estimates for homogeneous,laminated cylindrical,and conical shells,the FEM model is validated.The computational results show that a piece-wise FG graphene volume fraction distribution can improve the torque of critical buckling and torsional postbuckling strength.Also,the geometric parameters have a critical impact on the stability of the conical shell.However,a temperature rise can reduce the crucial torsional buckling torque as well as the GEC laminated truncated conical shell’s postbuckling strength.

Conical Sonic-Supersonic Solutions for the 3-D Steady Full Euler Equations

This paper concerns the sonic-supersonic structures of the transonic crossflow generated by the steady supersonic flow past an infinite cone of arbitrary cross section.Under the conical assumption,the three-dimensional(3-D)steady Euler equations can be projected onto the unit sphere and the state of fluid can be characterized by the polar and azimuthal angles.Given a segment smooth curve as a conical-sonic line in the polar-azimuthal angle plane,we construct a classical conical-supersonic solution near the curve under some reasonable assumptions.To overcome the difficulty caused by the parabolic degeneracy,we apply the characteristic decomposition technique to transform the Euler equations into a new degenerate hyperbolic system in a partial hodograph plane.The singular terms are isolated from the highly nonlinear complicated system and then can be handled successfully.We establish a smooth local solution to the new system in a suitable weighted metric space and then express the solution in terms of the original variables.

Development and Fabrication of Manually Push-Pull Type Conical Weeder for Bangladesh Condition

In Bangladesh, the use of machinery in agriculture production is fast rising. Researchers are developing technology to replace traditional hand weeding to manage weeds in rice fields. The present study has been taken to increase weeding efficiency and reduce the drudgery in weeding and mulching. A line-to-line distance of 20 cm, the operation is push-pull, and field operating condition at 2 - 4 cm standing water (for softening the field) was the designed hypothesis. The weeder consists of a skid/float, float holder, float adjuster, main body frame, rotor, axel, bush, rotor holder, rotor holder adjuster, handle, handle griper, handle holder, handle height adjuster, nut, bolt, etc. The designed weeder was fabricated using MS sheet, MS pipe, MS flat bar, MS nut-bolt, etc. When the rotors perform back and forth, the weeder’s two conical rotors with six plain blades and six serrated blades work together to uproot and bury the weeds. It also contains a 2 mm thick float assembly with a precise angle of 22 degrees. Weeds are uprooted by the weeder’s blades and buried in the muddy soil. It causes topsoil disturbance and enhances aeration. The weeding efficiency and capacity of the conical weeder were 81.92% and 0.0203 ha/h respectively. With a push-pull operation, the weeder can uproot and bury the weeds in a single row at a time. The pushing force and weight of weeder were 43.42 N and 5.6 kg respectively. Farmers can use this weeder to increase their comfort and reduce the drudgery associated with weeding and mulching in their fields.

Optimization design of conical reaction teeth of shear wave vibroseis vibration plate

The vibrator plate is the link between the vibroseis vehicle and the earth,as well as the core com-ponent of the vibrator vehicle.In this paper,the coupling effect between the vibrator plate and the earth is an-alyzed from two aspects of reaction tooth arrangement and reaction tooth conical angle,and three groups of experimental models are optimized and designed.The model construction and numerical analysis of the shear wave vibroseis vibrator plate are carried out with ANSYS software.The motion law between the vibration plate and the earth at work was studied,the strain energy of the three experimental models in operation,the maximum displacement of particle at the same position and other reference indices were compared and ana-lyzed,with 28 conical reaction teeth were arranged on both sides.The coupling effect between the vibration plate and the earth was best when the tooth angle was 60°.Compared with the toothless vibration plate,the energy efficiency is improved by about 20%,and the coupling effect between the vibrator plate and the earth is effectively enhanced.It is found that the coupling effect is enhanced through increasing the number of reac-tion teeth of the vibration plate by increasing the coupling area between the vibration plate and the earth.

基于数值模拟的钛合金锥形件激光辅助铲旋成形研究

针对中部带法兰锥形件采用传统“锻造+机加工”制备时材料利用率低、强度及韧性不足的问题,提出采用激光辅助铲旋成形工艺来实现钛合金中部带法兰锥形件的完整近净成形。根据铲旋成形原理,选取合适的激光热源模型,并基于Simufact Forming软件平台建立激光辅助铲旋有限元模型,研究了铲旋成形过程中的中部法兰变形区温度、变形行为及等效塑性应力和等效塑性应变分布规律。结果表明,采用坯料整体预热+激光辅助补热的方式,可实现坯料基体表层温度高、内层温度低,既有利于表面金属材料铲旋成形出法兰,又可避免锥壁翘起;铲旋成形时变形区材料轴向流动较多,径向流动较少,法兰形状呈“倒水滴”状;旋轮接触区等效塑性应力值较大,但法兰主体部分等效塑性应力值较小且分布均匀;基体主要变形区等效塑性应变值最大,达9~11,沿厚度方向逐渐减小,具有局部大塑性变形且变形不均匀的特点。

TA1钛合金药型罩剪切旋压成形塑性变形规律的数值模拟研究

目的TA1钛合金作为药型罩材料,具有提高穿深和侵彻孔径的优异表现,但其剪切旋压成形过程中塑性变形规律复杂且难于控制,以期通过有限元数值计算解析多工艺参数的协同作用。方法建立了TA1薄壁锥形件结构旋压加工过程的三维非线性热-力耦合有限元模型,研究了TA1从圆形板坯到锥形件旋压全过程的金属塑性变形行为、应力及应变的变化。采用正交实验分析了旋轮进给速率、芯轴转速与板坯厚度对成形过程的旋压力以及成形样件的内径偏差和壁厚偏差的影响规律。结果结果表明,锥形件侧壁的塑性应变沿母线方向逐渐减小,最大应变值出现在靠近锥形件顶部的小端面位置。旋压载荷随旋轮进给速率与板坯厚度增加而增加,随芯轴转速增加而减小。内径偏差随进给速率与板坯厚度的增加而减小,与芯轴转速的相关性较小。壁厚偏差随进给速率的增加先减小后增大,随芯轴转速与板坯厚度的增加而减小。结论基于数值模拟结果,获得TA1薄壁锥形件的优化工艺参数为:旋轮进给速率300mm/min,芯轴转速260r/min,板坯初始厚度4mm。开展了TA1钛合金剪切旋压成形实验,所得锥形件尺寸与模型计算结果一致,验证了模型的准确性。

3次Hermite曲线逼近Conic曲线段有关性质

利用Hermite多项式逼近法研究使用3次Hermite曲线逼近有理Conic曲线段的方法,推导3次Hermite曲线与Conic曲线段在端点处具有G2连续性、在中点具有G1连续性、保形几何属性需要满足的条件以及误差函数计算公式,通过多组不同类型的对比试验进一步证明了所述的关于用3次Hermite曲线逼近Conic曲线段有关性质的有效性.

COUPLED DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS AND CONTROL OF ROTOR-CONICAL MAGNETIC BEARING SYSTEM

The coupled dynamic characteristics of the conical electromagnetic bearing are presented and their definitions are given. On the basis of the analyses of the characteristics, the dynamic model of five degrees of freedom (five-DOF) rotor-conical electromagnetic bearing system is made, and the influence of the coupled characteristics on the system optimal controller is analyzed.

Ultrafast Dynamics Through Conical Intersections in 2,6-dimethylpyridine Studied with Time-resolved Photoelectron Imaging

The ultrafast dynamics through conical intersections in 2,6-dimethylpyridine has been studied by femtosecond time-resolved photoelectron imaging coupled with time-resolved mass spectroscopy. Upon absorption of 266 nm pump laser, 2,6-dimethylpyridine is excited to the S2 state with a ππ character from So state. The time evolution of the parent ion signals consists of two exponential decays. One is a fast component on a timescale of 635 fs and the other is a slow component with a timescale of 4.37 ps. Time-dependent photo- electron angular distributions and energy-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy are extracted from time-resolved photoelectron imaging and provide the evolutive information of S2 state. In brief, the ultrafast component is a population transfer from S2 to S1 through the S2/S1 conical intersections, the slow component is attributed to simultaneous IC from the S2 state and the higher vibrational levels of S1 state to So state, which involves the coupling of S2/S0 and S1/So conical intersections. Additionally, the observed ultrafast S2--＋S1 transition occurs only with an 18% branching ratio.

Sensitivity Analysis of Injection Characteristic to Structural Parameters of GDI Injector Nozzle Hole

The nozzle inner-flow characteristic of the“spray G”injector was studied by the computational fluid dynamics(CFD)simulation,and the sensitivity of cycle fuel mass to the conicity and entrance radius of the nozzle hole were analyzed.Results show that the inner conicity of nozzle hole inhibits the development of cavitation phenomena,and increases the injection rate.While the outer conicity of nozzle hole promotes the diffusion of cavita-tion,leading to reductions of the liquid volume fraction of the nozzle outlet and the local flow resistance of the nozzle hole.The sensitivity of cycle fuel mass to inner-cone nozzle hole is stronger than that of the outer-cone noz-zle,especially at the smaller hole conicity.The increase of injection pressure enhances the sensitivity of the injection characteristics to the nozzle hole structure,in which inner-cone nozzle has higher sensitivity coefficient than the outer-cone nozzle hole.However,the increase of injection pressure aggravates the offset of liquid jet to the nozzle axis of the outer-cone nozzle hole.With the increase of the inner conicity of nozzle,the sensitivity of the injection characteristics to the entrance radius of the hole decreases.With the increase of the outer conicity of nozzle hole,the sensitivity of the injection characteristics to the entrance radius of the hole increases.

Analysis of natural vibration of truncated conical shells partially filled with fluid

In this paper,we study the vibrational behavior of shells in the form of truncated cones containing an ideal compressible fluid.The sloshing effect on the free surface of the fluid is neglected.The dynamic behavior of the elastic structure is investigated based on the classical shell theory,the constitutive relations of which represent a system of ordinary differential equations written for new unknowns.Small fluid vibrations are described in terms of acoustic approximation using the wave equation for hydrodynamic pressure written in spherical coordinates.Its transformation into the system of ordinary differential equations is carried out by applying the generalized differential quadrature method.The formulated boundary value problem is solved by Godunov's orthogonal sweep method.Natural frequencies of shell vibrations are calculated using the stepwise procedure and the Muller method.The accuracy and reliability of the obtained results are estimated by making a comparison with the known numerical and analytical solutions.The dependencies of the lowest frequency on the fluid level and cone angle of shells under different combinations of boundary conditions(simply supported,rigidly clamped,and cantilevered shells)have been studied comprehensively.For conical straight and inverted shells,a numerical analysis has been performed to estimate the possibility of finding configurations at which the lowest natural frequencies exceed the corresponding values of the equivalent cylindrical shell.

紧黎曼曲面上锥度量的高斯博内公式

We prove a generalization of the classical Gauss-Bonnet formula for a conical metric on a compact Riemann surface provided that the Gaussian curvature is Lebesgue integrable with respect to the area form of the metric.We also construct explicitly some conical metrics whose curvature is not integrable.