Based on China's special conditions and characteristics of specific group of new-generation migrant workers,this article researches connotation of employment ability of new-generation migrant workers in China,that...Based on China's special conditions and characteristics of specific group of new-generation migrant workers,this article researches connotation of employment ability of new-generation migrant workers in China,that is,the connotation of employment ability of new-generation migrant workers in China should include four aspects:professional knowledge and skills,learning capacity,adaptability and environmental force.On this basis,through the analysis of indicators concerning connotation of employment ability,we get the overall characteristics of employment ability of new-generation migrant workers in China and reason responsible for its serious weakness.Finally we put forward corresponding countermeasures as follows:impart professional knowledge and skills;promote learning capacity;foster adaptive capacity;improve employment environment.展开更多
为研究兆瓦级高效紧凑型核动力系统的运行特性,使用自主开发的热管堆瞬态分析程序TAPIRS(Transient Analysis code for heat Pipe and AMTEC power conversion space Reactor power System)和超临界二氧化碳布雷顿循环的瞬态分析程序SCT...为研究兆瓦级高效紧凑型核动力系统的运行特性,使用自主开发的热管堆瞬态分析程序TAPIRS(Transient Analysis code for heat Pipe and AMTEC power conversion space Reactor power System)和超临界二氧化碳布雷顿循环的瞬态分析程序SCTRAN/CO_(2)(Super Critical reactors Transient Analysis code/Carbon Dioxide)的耦合程序对其反应性、负荷、冷却水温度和流量等扰动进行了开环动态响应分析,并据此进行了控制系统设计。在此基础上,对线性变负荷、阶梯式变负荷以及甩负荷这三种变负荷运行工况进行了计算分析。结果表明:该核动力系统的转速对扰动的变化较为敏感,需要加以控制;低负荷下旁通会使压缩机流量上升,需对压缩机流量加以控制;系统在控制方案下能以6%FP(Full Power)·min^(−1)的速度实现0%~100%的负荷变动,且可以在任意负荷水平下运行;甩负荷下系统的波动时间变长,但是仍可达到新的稳态进行工作,且各参数处于安全范围内。本研究可为新型核动力系统的概念设计提供参考。展开更多
Previous studies have demonstrated that disharmony among voltage-source-controlled units(VSCUs)may occur on an alternating current(AC)transmission or distribution line under steady-state operating conditions(SSOCs)or ...Previous studies have demonstrated that disharmony among voltage-source-controlled units(VSCUs)may occur on an alternating current(AC)transmission or distribution line under steady-state operating conditions(SSOCs)or quasistatic operating conditions(QSSOCs).As the studies on frequency disharmony have been expanded to multiple disharmonized vS-CUs in the local power grid,its adverse effects on AC lines and equivalent load(EL)at the bus without active voltage control ability(non-active bus)need to be investigated further.Considering the locality of disharmony and common topological con-nections among VSCUs,this paper adopts a Y-type three-termi-nal local power grid(LPG)as the research object.The disharmony among the three VSCUs is discussed.Firstly,for the load at non-active bus,the formulas for single-phase instantaneous voltage,load current,load power,as well as average power un-der disharmony operating conditions(DOCs)are derived.The characteristic indicators of the above electrical quantities are defined,which can measure the amplification and reduction de-grees of the above electrical quantities before and after disharmony.Secondly,for the line directly connected to VSCUs,the formulas for single-phase instantaneous line current and power and the average power under DOCs are derived.The characteristic indicators of power flow are defined,which can be used to quantify the peak amplification impact of oscillation before and after disharmony.Finally,the case study on the Y-type three-terminal LPG under the single-disharmony and the multi-dis-harmony switching scenarios indicates that the long-period pow-er oscillation caused by disharmony may occur in the load flow at the non-active bus and the line flow.The oscillation causes a serious decrease in load capability and a significant amplification of the peak of line power oscillation.展开更多
【目的】电网电压跌落故障会引起风电机组载荷的剧烈变化,严重影响风电机组的安全稳定运行。随着风电机组的大型化,风电叶片长度不断增加,塔筒增高,其载荷特性对系统参数波动变得敏感。因此,需要研究电网电压跌落过程中关键部件的载荷...【目的】电网电压跌落故障会引起风电机组载荷的剧烈变化,严重影响风电机组的安全稳定运行。随着风电机组的大型化,风电叶片长度不断增加,塔筒增高,其载荷特性对系统参数波动变得敏感。因此,需要研究电网电压跌落过程中关键部件的载荷与振动特性。【方法】提出了基于动态链接库和Socket通信的数据交互方式,建立了Simulink与Bladed的联合仿真方法。基于某3.4 MW风电机组模型,采用给定风速变化的工况对联合仿真平台进行验证。研究了低电压穿越(low voltage ride through,LVRT)过程中机组总体性能与叶片、塔筒载荷的变化关系。【结果】电网电压跌落幅值对电机功率影响较大,对风轮的调节参数影响较小。低电压穿越过程中风轮的桨矩角调节和转速有较长时间的波动,叶片外叶展处载荷的变化大于内叶展处,叶尖位移增加。塔架的振动频率与固有频率接近,存在潜在风险,需要在机组设计中考虑。【结论】联合仿真平台可以很好地模拟风电机组的气动性能与部件载荷的暂态特性,为机组的优化控制提供参考。展开更多
文摘Based on China's special conditions and characteristics of specific group of new-generation migrant workers,this article researches connotation of employment ability of new-generation migrant workers in China,that is,the connotation of employment ability of new-generation migrant workers in China should include four aspects:professional knowledge and skills,learning capacity,adaptability and environmental force.On this basis,through the analysis of indicators concerning connotation of employment ability,we get the overall characteristics of employment ability of new-generation migrant workers in China and reason responsible for its serious weakness.Finally we put forward corresponding countermeasures as follows:impart professional knowledge and skills;promote learning capacity;foster adaptive capacity;improve employment environment.
文摘为研究兆瓦级高效紧凑型核动力系统的运行特性,使用自主开发的热管堆瞬态分析程序TAPIRS(Transient Analysis code for heat Pipe and AMTEC power conversion space Reactor power System)和超临界二氧化碳布雷顿循环的瞬态分析程序SCTRAN/CO_(2)(Super Critical reactors Transient Analysis code/Carbon Dioxide)的耦合程序对其反应性、负荷、冷却水温度和流量等扰动进行了开环动态响应分析,并据此进行了控制系统设计。在此基础上,对线性变负荷、阶梯式变负荷以及甩负荷这三种变负荷运行工况进行了计算分析。结果表明:该核动力系统的转速对扰动的变化较为敏感,需要加以控制;低负荷下旁通会使压缩机流量上升,需对压缩机流量加以控制;系统在控制方案下能以6%FP(Full Power)·min^(−1)的速度实现0%~100%的负荷变动,且可以在任意负荷水平下运行;甩负荷下系统的波动时间变长,但是仍可达到新的稳态进行工作,且各参数处于安全范围内。本研究可为新型核动力系统的概念设计提供参考。
基金supported by Science and Technology Project of State Grid Corporation of China“Research on new energy grid-connection control methods and key technologies to improve power grid security and stability”(No.5100-202140498A-0-5-ZN)。
文摘Previous studies have demonstrated that disharmony among voltage-source-controlled units(VSCUs)may occur on an alternating current(AC)transmission or distribution line under steady-state operating conditions(SSOCs)or quasistatic operating conditions(QSSOCs).As the studies on frequency disharmony have been expanded to multiple disharmonized vS-CUs in the local power grid,its adverse effects on AC lines and equivalent load(EL)at the bus without active voltage control ability(non-active bus)need to be investigated further.Considering the locality of disharmony and common topological con-nections among VSCUs,this paper adopts a Y-type three-termi-nal local power grid(LPG)as the research object.The disharmony among the three VSCUs is discussed.Firstly,for the load at non-active bus,the formulas for single-phase instantaneous voltage,load current,load power,as well as average power un-der disharmony operating conditions(DOCs)are derived.The characteristic indicators of the above electrical quantities are defined,which can measure the amplification and reduction de-grees of the above electrical quantities before and after disharmony.Secondly,for the line directly connected to VSCUs,the formulas for single-phase instantaneous line current and power and the average power under DOCs are derived.The characteristic indicators of power flow are defined,which can be used to quantify the peak amplification impact of oscillation before and after disharmony.Finally,the case study on the Y-type three-terminal LPG under the single-disharmony and the multi-dis-harmony switching scenarios indicates that the long-period pow-er oscillation caused by disharmony may occur in the load flow at the non-active bus and the line flow.The oscillation causes a serious decrease in load capability and a significant amplification of the peak of line power oscillation.
文摘【目的】电网电压跌落故障会引起风电机组载荷的剧烈变化,严重影响风电机组的安全稳定运行。随着风电机组的大型化,风电叶片长度不断增加,塔筒增高,其载荷特性对系统参数波动变得敏感。因此,需要研究电网电压跌落过程中关键部件的载荷与振动特性。【方法】提出了基于动态链接库和Socket通信的数据交互方式,建立了Simulink与Bladed的联合仿真方法。基于某3.4 MW风电机组模型,采用给定风速变化的工况对联合仿真平台进行验证。研究了低电压穿越(low voltage ride through,LVRT)过程中机组总体性能与叶片、塔筒载荷的变化关系。【结果】电网电压跌落幅值对电机功率影响较大,对风轮的调节参数影响较小。低电压穿越过程中风轮的桨矩角调节和转速有较长时间的波动,叶片外叶展处载荷的变化大于内叶展处,叶尖位移增加。塔架的振动频率与固有频率接近,存在潜在风险,需要在机组设计中考虑。【结论】联合仿真平台可以很好地模拟风电机组的气动性能与部件载荷的暂态特性,为机组的优化控制提供参考。
