Types and Optimization Paths Between Poverty Alleviation Effectiveness and Rural Revitalization:A Case Study of Hunan Province,China

Exploring the synergy types and optimization paths between Poverty Alleviation Effectiveness and Rural Revitalization is necessary for achieving the two centenary goals.Taking poverty alleviation counties in Hunan Province,China as an example,our study proposed an indicator to measure the synergistic development between Poverty Alleviation Effectiveness and Rural Revitalization using the multi-index integrated evaluation method.Then,the coupling types were classified based on both the proposed indicator and regional characteristics.Besides,the corresponding optimization path for each coupling type was proposed to promote the synergistic development of Poverty Alleviation and Rural Revitalization.Results are as follows:1)Lower synergy focused on the southwestern Hunan,while low synergy is widely distributed(such as the west,southwest,northwest,and midland).Moderate synergy is in the midland,such as Huaihua and Chenzhou cities.High synergy is distributed in Yongzhou,Huaihua,Xiangxi cities,etc.Besides,only Hecheng City belongs to the higher synergy.2)This paper proposes corresponding development paths for different development characteristics and main problems from multiple perspectives of the protection system,industrial planning,and rural market.Continuously consolidate and enhance the effectiveness of Poverty Alleviation and Rural Revitalization to achieve coupled and synergistic development of the two systems.Our research results can provide theoretical support for implementing Poverty Alleviation and Rural Revitalization in Hunan Province,China.

Evaluation of E-commerce Poverty Alleviation Effect in the Context of Rural Revitalization Strategy

The industrial prosperity proposed in the overall requirement of rural revitalization strategy in the Report of the 19th National Congress is the cornerstone of rural development. E-commerce poverty alleviation is an effective way of poverty alleviation in recent years. This paper mainly explored the factors influencing the rural e-commerce poverty alleviation and the evaluation of poverty alleviation effects,in order to come up with countermeasures and recommendations to provide assistance and guidance for the use of e-commerce to achieve poverty alleviation and accordingly to revitalize the rural industry. Firstly,using the literature research method,it proposed four level Ⅰ indicators influencing the e-commerce poverty alleviation,and designed a detailed level Ⅱ indicator system under each dimension. Then,the questionnaire survey method was employed to collect data for SPSS analysis to verify whether the designed indicator system is correct. Finally,it analyzed the problem of the current stage of e-commerce poverty alleviation by means of the quadrifid graph,and came up with corresponding countermeasures on the basis of the four key levek I factors.

Income effects of poverty alleviation relocation program on rural farmers in China

This paper analyses the impact of the poverty alleviation relocation(PAR)program on rural household income and evaluates the heterogeneous income effects of various relocation modes,based on a panel dataset of relocated households from 16 counties in eight Chinese provinces.The results show that participation in the PAR increases the income of both rural and urban resettlers.More specifically,it has a significant positive effect on agricultural and wage income for rural and urban resettlers,respectively.Further analyses show that the income increase for rural resettlers was mainly due to agricultural technology training and that the income increase for town resettlers was attributed to medical security.For the village resettlers,policies should focus on strengthening the development of local industries and training of agricultural technologies.For the urban resettlers,non-agricultural employment and public services in the urban resettlement areas should be promoted.

Measurement and Promotion Strategy of Poverty Alleviation Effect through Ecological Tourism in Huanggang City

Huangang City is rich in ecotourism resources,in which more than 80%of ecotourism resources concentrate in poor countryside.According to the statistics,there are 4 tourism counties,15 famous tourism villages and 115 rural tourist attractions.But economic development in ecotourism scenic spots of Huanggang City is relatively backward,and the development of ecological economy is imminent,especially ecological tourism.Based on research results on poverty alleviation effect through ecological tourism at home and abroad,Huanggang City is taken as research object,and two input indexes(per capita comprehensive tourism income and per capita tourist reception)and three output indexes(per capita GDP,per capita net income of farmers,and per capita disposable income of urban residents)are used to establish evaluation index system of poverty alleviation effect through ecological tourism.Based on DEA-BCC model,11 counties(cities and districts)in Huanggang City are taken as decision-making units,and empirical analysis on poverty alleviation effect through tourism is conducted from three aspects:comprehensive efficiency,technical efficiency and scale efficiency.

Work Effectiveness,Problems and Countermeasures of Third-Party Assessment Teams from Colleges and Universities for Targeted Poverty Alleviation

Conducting a third-party assessment on targeted poverty alleviation can effectively avoid the disadvantage that local government plays as both athlete(i.e.performer of poverty alleviation work)and referee(i.e.referee for poverty alleviation effect)in poverty alleviation to ensure the truth of poverty alleviation,and therefore,it is an important part of the work to win the battle against poverty.Since 2016,the thirdparty assessment teams from colleges and universities for targeted poverty alleviation have achieved good results and performance in the assessment on both the effectiveness of targeted poverty alleviation work and the exit of poor counties in China,and they have made due contributions to the cause of poverty alleviation.However,as a new thing,third-party assessment obviously has some problems,mainly including the following:subjective understanding on the long-term nature of rural poverty alleviation is insufficient,and there is a lack of long-term considerations and related mechanism for third-party assessment;affected by policies and institutions,most of the existing third-party assessment teams from colleges and universities have not regarded third-party assessment of targeted poverty alleviation as a cause,and they lack the motivation to actively study the assessment business;and the third-party assessment staff from colleges and universities for targeted poverty alleviation have low stability and high mobility,not conducive to the long-term construction of assessment teams.In order to establish long-term poverty alleviation and prevention mechanisms,these issues must be addressed squarely and relevant countermeasures need to be taken actively to effectively build a long-term mechanism for building third-party assessment teams from colleges and universities for targeted poverty alleviation.

Discussions on the Land Consolidation to Promote Development-oriented Poverty Alleviation in Binchuan County of Yunnan Province

Land consolidation is an important way to improve the conditions of agricultural production and promote poverty alleviation and development in poor areas. This paper attempts to take Binchuan County of Yunnan Province as an example to explore the main practices,typical experiences and achievements of land consolidation in promoting poverty alleviation and development,so as to provide evidence for further development of relevant policies. It is found that in recent years,through the construction of rural production and living facilities,increase of employment for farmers in poor areas,promotion of the development of special industrial area and other measures,Binchuan County has effectively used the land consolidation platform,and has made outstanding achievements in poverty alleviation and development,so as to improve agricultural production conditions,improve the level of agricultural production,increase farmers' income,speed up the pace of poverty reduction,strengthen ecological protection and promote the sustainable development of economy and society. However,there are still some problems in the land consolidation,which need to be paid attention to and solved in the struggle against poverty.

Effective way of alleviating poverty against poverty control: Based on the model of "Three Drives, Four Joints" in Zhen'an County

Based on the survey research of poverty controlling model of "Three Drives, Four Joints" in Zhen'an County, its forming motives, implementing mechanism, and constraint factors have been explored to testify its enlightenment and applicability, establishing a promotable, applicable, and effective poverty alleviation model. "Three Drives, Four Joints" model is linked to the poor who lacks ability of self-development. Relying on the drives from key leading companies, the capable and the rich, a community with shared interests by the poor and the subjects of the "three drives" could be formed through "Joint Production, Joint Resources, Joint Community of Stock, and Joint Operation". The linked poverty alleviation development model of "the influential and the rich bring along the poor" and "A rich household would help the others" come into being. It is found out that the model of "Three Drives, Four Joints" is in essence a poverty alleviation method focusing on the increase of the income and diversified ways of increasing the earnings. Problems of poverty alleviation carrier and joint mechanism have been solved in the poverty alleviation process. The model is innovative in activating the resource elements, helping to move the poor out of poverty. A referential, copyable, and applicable model is offered to advance the poverty alleviation in mountainous areas in China.

Poverty reduction effects of integrating high-quality development and cultural tourism in China

The integration of the cultural tourism industry with high-quality development is believed to be an important method of alleviating poverty.Most research in this area has focused on single towns,cities,or regions without considering the spillover effects of neighboring areas.To fill this gap,this study applies a spatial panel econometric model to empirically test the spatial spillover effects of integrating the cultural tourism industry with high-quality developments and their mechanisms of poverty alleviation based on provincial panel data of the Chinese Mainland from 2010 to 2020.Four key results are presented.First,there is an obvious spatial dependence on the high-quality development scale,specialization level,and poverty level of cultural tourism integration.The common panel model is found to overestimate the impact of this integration on poverty alleviation because it ignores the spatial spillover-related explanatory variables.Second,the scale of development quality is found to have no significant impact on poverty alleviation when integrating cultural tourism;however,the level of development specialization has both a direct impact on poverty alleviation and the spatial spillover effect.Third,the integration of the cultural tourism industry in the Central and Western regions is shown to have a strong direct effect on poverty reduction through high-quality development.However,the spillover effect on poverty reduction in the Eastern region is greater than that in the Central and Western regions.Fourth,the integration of high-quality development and cultural tourism is found to have a direct impact on poverty alleviation overall by promoting tourism consumption,material capital accumulation,and structural transformation.

Effective Poverty Alleviation through Standardization

The forum on county development and poverty alleviation on China＇s National Poverty Alleviation Day 2017 was held in Beijing on October 10.

Tourism dependence and poverty alleviation thresholds in Chinese ethnic tourism

Questions persist on the relationship between tourism dependence and economic growth in ethnic tourism areas.This study addresses such gaps by constructing a threshold regression model based on socio-economic data from 2006 to 2019 for nine sites in Enshi Prefecture of central China.Arc GIS and other open-source data were also used to visualize changing tourism resources in the region.Findings suggest that tourism dependence(the ratio of tourism-based GDP to overall GDP)significantly promotes economic growth in ethnic minority areas.However,the positive influence of tourism dependence on economic growth appears dynamic and non-linear–rising at first before falling when tourism dependence exceeded a threshold of 34%,with effects varying by site and year.Methods and findings make crucial theoretical contributions to understanding tourism dependence and poverty alleviation linkages.This paper also highlights the importance of political support and balanced investment in diverse industries to minimize decreasing returns beyond tourism dependence thresholds in destinations worldwide.

甘肃省脱贫攻坚与乡村振兴有效衔接研究

在阐释脱贫攻坚与乡村振兴三大逻辑关系基础上,梳理了甘肃脱贫攻坚取得的七项历史性成就,分析了甘肃脱贫攻坚与乡村振兴有效衔接面临的六个主要问题,从做好脱贫攻坚与乡村振兴的政策衔接、规划衔接、工作衔接,以及新型城镇化与乡村振兴深度融合、农民收入增长与分配机制有效统筹、富民产业培育与乡村产业振兴有机结合、生态产业化与乡村生态振兴有机结合、提升农民自我发展能力与乡村人才振兴有机结合等八个方面提出了政策建议,并从阻断贫困代际传递、逐步解决相对贫困问题、提升农民内生发展动力和自我发展能力、加快乡村产业振兴步伐、加强农村基础设施建设等方面指出了开启乡村振兴新篇章的主要路径。

巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果与乡村振兴有效衔接的金融服务机制研究

巩固脱贫攻坚成果,推进乡村振兴战略的实施离不开现代金融运行机制。构建综合评价指标体系,选取2011—2020年中国30个省级面板数据,采用熵权法分别测度金融发展水平、脱贫攻坚成果及乡村振兴发展水平,运用耦合协调度模型分析巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果与乡村振兴的衔接效果,采用SDM模型检验金融促进脱贫攻坚成果与乡村振兴有效衔接的溢出效应。结果表明:巩固拓展脱贫成果与乡村振兴的衔接效应正逐渐增强,且东部地区的衔接效应强于中部和西部地区;金融服务有效衔接存在积极的促进作用和显著的空间溢出效应,中、西部地区溢出效应大于东部地区;长期溢出效应大于短期直接效应,证实金融服务乡村振兴存在良好的示范与推广机制。

边境牧区巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果同乡村振兴有效衔接的逻辑与路径

实现边境牧区巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果同乡村振兴有效衔接,要明确二者共为抓手、互为支撑的逻辑关系。研究结合边境牧区的地区实际和发展定位,构建“衔接理念—衔接对象—衔接内容”的逻辑框架:在衔接理念上,从多元主体外部帮扶转化为激发牧民自身动力;在衔接对象上,从易返贫重点人口扩展至各族牧民群众;在衔接内容上,从巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果的短期机制,过渡为乡村振兴的“二十字方针”。基于这一逻辑框架,将衔接理念转化和衔接对象扩展贯穿于衔接内容中,提出拓展牧区特色全产业链、建立环境整治网格化“一中心”、建立牧民积分制、深化“三务融合”模式、发展牧区集体经济等路径。

过渡期扎实推进脱贫攻坚与乡村振兴有效衔接的政策选择与建议

脱贫攻坚与乡村振兴是我国为实现“两个一百年”奋斗目标而作出的重要战略部署。党中央明确提出,在脱贫攻坚目标任务完成后设立5年过渡期,把实现巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果与乡村振兴有效衔接作为过渡期的一项重大战略任务。脱贫攻坚是乡村振兴的基础和前提,乡村振兴是脱贫攻坚的巩固和深化,二者既相互独立又紧密联系,做好有效衔接和协同推进,既有利于培育长效脱贫机制,又有利于促进农业农村优先发展,加快推动乡村全面振兴。在深化改革与推进乡村全面振兴背景下,深刻理解有效衔接的重大意义,准确把握衔接的正确方向,及时跟踪衔接进程中取得的新成绩新经验并不断深化拓展,敏锐发现衔接进程中出现的新情况新问题并重视解决,不仅是过渡期的工作重点,也是整个乡村振兴进程中的重要任务。

基于县域乡村振兴视角的甘青川藏族聚居县返贫风险研究

文章旨在对甘青川藏族聚居县的返贫风险进行研究。样本数据和资料源于对甘青川藏族聚居县精准扶贫及脱贫工作的田野调查。通过调研甘青川三省藏族聚居县的脱贫攻坚工作,从中总结出一些具有地方特色的精准扶贫模式,如迭部县“特色产业模式”、泽库县“拉格日模式”、若尔盖县“跨地域协作模式”,发现在实践层面,甘青川藏族聚居县存在扶贫项目的立项随意性的问题、部分脱贫技能培训脱离实际的问题、易地搬迁扶贫模式带来的问题。文章通过返贫风险分析,针对巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果与乡村振兴有效衔接的实现路径提出相关意见建议。

渝东南民族地区乡村旅游巩固脱贫攻坚成果的影响因素研究

中国已全面建成小康社会,进入巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果的新阶段。基于修正的可持续旅游生计理论,以渝东南民族地区为例,定量测度乡村旅游巩固脱贫攻坚成果的成效,运用结构方程模型分析乡村旅游巩固脱贫攻坚成果的影响因素。结果表明:①经济、文化、社会、环境4个层面在巩固脱贫攻坚成果的步调一致,但是没有形成良好的互动机制,属于勉强协调发展的水平,制约了4个系统间的协调发展;②渝东南民族地区乡村旅游巩固脱贫攻坚成果的影响因素重要性从大到小依次为经济资本、人力资本、自然资本、制度资本、社会资本,均具有显著正向影响。针对以上结论,为巩固脱贫攻坚成果,本文从优化经济与人力资本、完善制度与自然资本、强化文化和社会认同3个方面提出对策建议。

民族地区巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果同乡村振兴有效衔接研究——以内蒙古自治区为例

在全面脱贫取得胜利和全面推进乡村振兴事业的历史交汇节点上,巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果同乡村振兴有机衔接,是预防返贫风险、扎实推进乡村振兴战略的必然要求。内蒙古自治区脱贫攻坚取得显著性成果,但推进脱贫攻坚与乡村振兴有效衔接中仍存在困境,农牧区基础设施建设滞后,返贫风险长期存在,产业发展存在局限,新型农牧专业人才匮乏,缺乏内生动力,农牧区生态功能下降。内蒙古巩固脱贫攻坚成果同乡村振兴有效衔接应做好政策、规划和体制机制的有效衔接,加快农牧区基础设施建设,建立防止返贫长效机制,推动产业融合发展,完善农牧区人才队伍建设,激发农牧民发展的内生动力,持续加强生态文明建设。

新质生产力对缓解农村相对贫困的影响——基于产业结构高级化视角

我国在2020年消除绝对贫困之后,贫困治理工作由消除绝对贫困向缓解相对贫困转变。以人工智能、新技术等为代表的新兴产业推动新质生产力升级,为有效解决农村相对贫困提供了全新机遇和有利条件。基于2012—2022年我国省级面板数据,构建固定效应模型和中介效应模型,分析新质生产力、产业结构高级化与农村相对贫困之间的内在关系。研究发现:新质生产力水平的提升对于缓解农村相对贫困有直接明确的促进作用;中部和西部地区的新质生产力缓解农村相对贫困作用比较显著,且西部地区新质生产力水平缓解农村相对贫困作用大于中部地区,但在东部地区新质生产力水平缓解农村相对贫困效果不明显;产业结构高级化存在21.26%的中介效应,能有效缓解农村相对贫困。

探索当代“扶贫”主题歌剧的艺术特征

“扶贫”主题歌剧作品近年来获得了喜人的丰硕成果,作品聚焦于一线驻村干部的真人真事,管窥贫困乡村的旧貌换新颜,既有感人肺腑的伟大事迹,也有充满深情的礼赞。“扶贫”主题歌剧作品作为当代中华民族歌剧创作的结晶,艺术家们在主题构思、音乐编创、舞台塑造等方面,秉承着传统文化精神与革故鼎新的审美构思方式,采用具有前瞻性的创作理念及手法进行创构,融入了丰富的创意,并保持了歌剧创作的民族性、现代感和淳朴气息,使“扶贫”主题歌剧展现出卓越非凡的创作新观。

“社区送工”:易地搬迁弱劳动力就业扶持的实践创新 ——以广西A县Z城镇化安置社区为例

就业是巩固拓展易地搬迁脱贫攻坚成果的关键。易地搬迁弱劳动力长期从事农业,年龄偏大、文化水平低、缺少务工技能,无法适应城镇非农就业。为此,把农业就业作为化解城镇化安置的易地搬迁弱劳动力就业困境的突破口,论述易地搬迁弱劳动力农业就业的现实基础。基于广西A县Z城镇化安置社区案例,提出并阐述“社区送工”易地搬迁弱劳动力农业就业的运行逻辑和实践成效。具体而言,地方政府引领农业园区化发展,安置社区向农业园区组织化输送易地搬迁弱劳动力,易地搬迁弱劳动力在农业就业中建立稳固的利益联结。“社区送工”基于市场供求关系把易地搬迁弱劳动力与乡村产业振兴的劳动力需求有效衔接,既能持续巩固易地搬迁脱贫攻坚成果,也创新出“劳动力下乡”的城乡融合发展方式。