The Three Harmonies helps to regulate whole-body motion in harmony by balancing and aligning the movements of the body segments.Taijiquan uses the fangsong-relaxation modality to resolve the switching back and forth o...The Three Harmonies helps to regulate whole-body motion in harmony by balancing and aligning the movements of the body segments.Taijiquan uses the fangsong-relaxation modality to resolve the switching back and forth of the active muscle forces and the passive tensional forces of tendons,ligaments and fascial tissues.Fangsong induces the modulation of the muscles to resettle in a better state of balance,thus is necessarily a manipulation of the fascial tissues enveloping the muscles,organs and structures.In so doing,fangsong-relaxation cultivates the cognition and sensation of the fascial tensional network,which traditional Taiji theory refers to as Qi.Taijiquan harnesses Qi in the discipline of body motion to balance and align the momenta of the body segments in force transmission.This gives rise to maximal force potential in balance-the force of neijin(internal strength)-in response of application.Crucially,the settling into balance by fangsong functions as a neutral countermovement in the stretch-shorten cycle that primes the muscle-tendon unit in an ever-ready state of action,which endows neijin with the liveliness of response.Secondly,the fangsong manipulation of the fascial tissues serves as a fascial massage and release that provides relief to chronic pain syndrome caused by tenseness of muscles and fascia,a therapy that accrues with the many health benefits of Taijiquan.Lastly,but not least,the attentiveness required in the fangsong process develops into the meditation component of the practice which brings tranquility and the insight of mindfulness.Taijiquan thus bestows the triple gems of neijin,health well-being,and equanimity.展开更多
Understanding the in vivo transport process provides guidelines for designing ideal nanoparticles(NPs)with higher efficacy and fewer off-target effects.Many factors,such as particle size,morphology,surface potential,s...Understanding the in vivo transport process provides guidelines for designing ideal nanoparticles(NPs)with higher efficacy and fewer off-target effects.Many factors,such as particle size,morphology,surface potential,structural stability,and etc.,may influence the delivering process of NPs due to the existence of various physiological barriers within the body.Herein,we summarise the distinct influences of NP physicochemical properties on the four consecutive in vivo transport steps:(1)navigating with bloodstream within blood vessels,(2)transport across vasculature walls into tumour tissues,(3)intratumoural transport through the interstitial space,and(4)cellular uptake&intracellular delivery by cancerous cells.We found that the philosophy behind the current consensus for NP design has certain similarities to the“Yin-Yang”theory in traditional Chinese culture.Almost all physicochemical properties,regardless of big or small sizes,long or short length,positive or negative zeta potentials,are double-edged swords.The balance of potential benefits and side effects,drug selectivity and accessibility should be fully considered when optimising particle design,similar to the“Yin-Yang harmony”.This paper presents a comprehensive review of the advancements in NPs research,focusing on their distinct features in tumour targeting,drug delivery,and cell uptake.Additionally,it deliberates on future developmental trends and potential obstacles,thereby aiming to uncover the ways these characteristics influence the NPs’biological activity and provide theoretical guidance for the targeted delivery of NPs.展开更多
文摘The Three Harmonies helps to regulate whole-body motion in harmony by balancing and aligning the movements of the body segments.Taijiquan uses the fangsong-relaxation modality to resolve the switching back and forth of the active muscle forces and the passive tensional forces of tendons,ligaments and fascial tissues.Fangsong induces the modulation of the muscles to resettle in a better state of balance,thus is necessarily a manipulation of the fascial tissues enveloping the muscles,organs and structures.In so doing,fangsong-relaxation cultivates the cognition and sensation of the fascial tensional network,which traditional Taiji theory refers to as Qi.Taijiquan harnesses Qi in the discipline of body motion to balance and align the momenta of the body segments in force transmission.This gives rise to maximal force potential in balance-the force of neijin(internal strength)-in response of application.Crucially,the settling into balance by fangsong functions as a neutral countermovement in the stretch-shorten cycle that primes the muscle-tendon unit in an ever-ready state of action,which endows neijin with the liveliness of response.Secondly,the fangsong manipulation of the fascial tissues serves as a fascial massage and release that provides relief to chronic pain syndrome caused by tenseness of muscles and fascia,a therapy that accrues with the many health benefits of Taijiquan.Lastly,but not least,the attentiveness required in the fangsong process develops into the meditation component of the practice which brings tranquility and the insight of mindfulness.Taijiquan thus bestows the triple gems of neijin,health well-being,and equanimity.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(No.21ZR1422800)“One Belt One Road”International Cooperation Project of Shanghai Municipal Committee of Science and Technology(No.19410740900).
文摘Understanding the in vivo transport process provides guidelines for designing ideal nanoparticles(NPs)with higher efficacy and fewer off-target effects.Many factors,such as particle size,morphology,surface potential,structural stability,and etc.,may influence the delivering process of NPs due to the existence of various physiological barriers within the body.Herein,we summarise the distinct influences of NP physicochemical properties on the four consecutive in vivo transport steps:(1)navigating with bloodstream within blood vessels,(2)transport across vasculature walls into tumour tissues,(3)intratumoural transport through the interstitial space,and(4)cellular uptake&intracellular delivery by cancerous cells.We found that the philosophy behind the current consensus for NP design has certain similarities to the“Yin-Yang”theory in traditional Chinese culture.Almost all physicochemical properties,regardless of big or small sizes,long or short length,positive or negative zeta potentials,are double-edged swords.The balance of potential benefits and side effects,drug selectivity and accessibility should be fully considered when optimising particle design,similar to the“Yin-Yang harmony”.This paper presents a comprehensive review of the advancements in NPs research,focusing on their distinct features in tumour targeting,drug delivery,and cell uptake.Additionally,it deliberates on future developmental trends and potential obstacles,thereby aiming to uncover the ways these characteristics influence the NPs’biological activity and provide theoretical guidance for the targeted delivery of NPs.
