Research on the Construction of Intellectual Property System and Optimization of Business Environment in China

With the rapid development of globalization and information technology,intellectual property has been one of the key drivers of economic growth,and the construction of intellectual property system has become an important criterion for measuring the quality of business environment.This article is intended to explore the current status of intellectual property system construction in China,the challenges,and its relationship with the business environment,to propose the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions.The study finds that the legal system of intellectual property in China is gradually improving,and judicial and administrative protection are continuously strengthened.However,the challenges still remain such as frequent infringements,rights hard to protect and insufficient international cooperation.These issues not only affect the legitimate rights and interests of innovation entities,but also for the market fairness and the level of the business environment.Therefore,this article proposes that strengthening the perfection of the intellectual property legal system,enhancing intellectual property services and support capabilities,strengthening international cooperation and exchanges,and accelerating the cultivation of composite talents.It aims to provide theoretical references for the construction of intellectual property system and the optimization of the business environment,promote the high-quality development of economy and enhance the global competitiveness of the country.

Problems of Rural Food Safety and Strategies of Constructing Supervision System

This paper expounds the practical necessity of constructing diversified rural food safety supervision system as follows: it is the necessary requirements of guaranteeing people's health and life safety; it is an important component of governmental function of social management and the logical extension of administrative responsibilities; it is the basis of maintaining order of rural society and constructing harmonious society. The main problems existing in the supervision of rural food safety are analyzed as follows: first, the legislative work of rural food safety lags behind to some extent; second, the supervision of governmental departments on rural food safety is insufficient; third, the industrial supervision mechanism of rural food security is not perfect; fourth, the role of rural social organizations in supervising food safety is limited; fifth, the farmers' awareness of food safety supervision is not strong. Based on these problems, the targeted strategies of constructing diversified rural food safety supervision system are put forward as follows: accelerate the legislation of rural food safety, and ensure that there are laws to go by; give play to the dominant role of government, and strengthen administrative supervision on rural food safety; perfect industrial convention of rural food safety, and improve industrial supervision mechanism; actively support the fostering of social organizations, and give play to the role of supervision of organizations; cultivate correct concept of rights and obligations of farmers, and form awareness of food safety supervision.

Efficiency and effectiveness of systems for the treatment of domestic wastewater based on subsurface flow constructed wetlands in Jarabacoa, Dominican Republic

Constructed wetlands(CwW)are well known nature-based systems for water treatment.This study evaluated the efficiency and effectiveness of seven domestic wastewater treatment systems based on horizontal flow CWs in Jarabacoa,the Dominican Republic.The results showed that the CWs were efficient in reducing the degree of contamination of wastewater to levels below the Dominican wastewater discharge standards for parameters such as the 5-day biochemical oxygen demand(BOD5)and chemical oxygen demand,but not for the removal of phosphorus and fecal coliforms.In addition,a horizontal flow subsurface wetland in the peri-urban area El Dorado was evaluated in terms of the performance of wastewater treatment in tropical climatic conditions.The concentrations of heavy metals,such as zinc,copper,chromium,and iron,were found to decrease in the effluent of the wetland,and the concentrations for nickel and manganese tended to increase.The levels of heavy metals in the effluent were lower than the limit values of the Dominican wastewater discharge standards.The construction cost of these facilities was around 200 USD per population equivalent,similar to the cost in other countries in the same region.This study suggested some solutions to the improved performance of CWs:selection of a microbial flora that guarantees the reduction of nitrates and nitrites to molecular nitrogen,use of endemic plants that bioaccumulate heavy metals,combination of constructed wetlands with filtration on activated carbon,and inclusion of water purification processes that allow to evaluate the reuse of treated water.

Subsurface multi-physical characterization of mountain excavation and city construction in loess plateau with a fiber-optic sensing system

Mountain excavation and city construction(MECC)projects being launched in the Loess Plateau in China involve the creation of large-scale artificial land.Understanding the subsurface evolution characteristics of the artificial land is essential,yet challenging.Here,we use an improved fiber-optic monitoring system for its subsurface multi-physical characterization.The system enables us to gather spatiotemporal distribution of various parameters,including strata deformation,temperature,and moisture.Yan’an New District was selected as a case study to conduct refined in-situ monitoring through a 77 m-deep borehole and a 30 m-long trench.Findings reveal that the ground settlement involves both the deformation of the filling loess and the underlying intact loess.Notably,the filling loess exhibits a stronger creep capability compared to underlying intact loess.The deformation along the profile is unevenly distributed,with a positive correlation with soil moisture.Water accumulation has been observed at the interface between the filling loess and the underlying intact loess,leading to a significant deformation.Moreover,the temperature and moisture in the filling loess have reached a new equilibrium state,with their depths influenced by atmospheric conditions measuring at 31 m and 26 m,respectively.The refined investigation allows us to identify critical layers that matter the sustainable development of newly created urban areas,and provide improved insights into the evolution mechanisms of land creation.

Constructing an assessment index system for strategic risk management in coal science and technology enterprises

Coal occupies a dominant position in China＇s national economy and is an essential energy source for future industrial development. To inform the efficient and sustainable development of the coal industry, this paper analyzes the sources of strategic risk for coal science and technology enterprises using 3 first-class indicators, 10 second-level indicators, and 37 observation points established through the existing research literature and experience. Moreover, in accordance to the obtained initial index data, the selected indicators have been tested and screened using reliability and membership degree analyses to remove redundant variables, avoid juxtaposition of risk factors at different levels, and reduce the influ- ence of some tiny risk factors for enterprise strategic risk. Then, factor analysis of external environment factor sub-scale was carried out. Factors are extracted according to a standard characteristic value greater than 1. Variables with high coefficients are classified into one factor category; and finally, 3 first-class indicators. 8 second-level indicators, and 37 observation noints are reconstructed.

Constructing Enterprise Fundamental Standards System Based on Comprehensive Standardization

The aulhor analyzes the construction characteristics of standard system in general meaning, sums up characteristics of eolnplex standardization,puls forward three matters needing attention on application of complex standardization which based on reanalyzing the both concepts of standard system and complex standardization. Then the author describes 8 aspects related to construction of the enterprise standard basic system integrated standardization standard.

Modelling the water diversion of a sustainable cover system under humid climates

Extreme rainfall significantly threatens the safety of the landfill cover system,especially under humid climates.This study aims to provide design recommendations for a sustainable landfill cover system consisting of a low-permeability soil layer underlying a two-layer capillary barrier for humid climates.First,the numerical back-analysis was conducted for verification against a series of flume model tests.Then,a parametric study was performed to investigate the effects of inclination angle,particle size and layer thickness on the lateral diversion length(DL)of the three-layer cover system under the 100-year return period rainfall of humid climates.The results show that the water lateral DL of the cover system can be greatly enhanced by increasing the inclination angle from 3°to 18°.Moreover,the bottom layer of the cover system with a coarser d10 was more susceptible to the impact of the heavy rainfall,while this can be alleviated by increasing the thickness of the bottom layer.A dimensionless number,defined as the ratio of thickness and d_(10) of the bottom layer,is proposed for designing lateral diversion of the three-layer cover system under humid climates.To preserve the maximum DL,it is suggested that the proposed dimensionless number should be larger than 95 and 110 for the design of rainfall events with 50-year and 100-year return periods for humid climates,respectively.

An Image Fingerprint and Attention Mechanism Based Load Estimation Algorithm for Electric Power System

With the rapid development of electric power systems,load estimation plays an important role in system operation and planning.Usually,load estimation techniques contain traditional,time series,regression analysis-based,and machine learning-based estimation.Since the machine learning-based method can lead to better performance,in this paper,a deep learning-based load estimation algorithm using image fingerprint and attention mechanism is proposed.First,an image fingerprint construction is proposed for training data.After the data preprocessing,the training data matrix is constructed by the cyclic shift and cubic spline interpolation.Then,the linear mapping and the gray-color transformation method are proposed to form the color image fingerprint.Second,a convolutional neural network(CNN)combined with an attentionmechanism is proposed for training performance improvement.At last,an experiment is carried out to evaluate the estimation performance.Compared with the support vector machine method,CNN method and long short-term memory method,the proposed algorithm has the best load estimation performance.

Overview of China’s national park system reform process

Having experienced a high economic growth rate,China is entering into a low one as the country needs to carry out policy reforms for better governance.In recent years,the national park system reform has been one of the pilot policies that has attracted great attention from local governments and the public.The central government established corresponding management systems during the institutional restructuring in 2018,and five out of ten pilots were selected due to their good performance on policy reform in 2021.This paper provides an overview of the policy background,a general introduction to the system,and a discussion of policy implementations.Our research suggests that China’s national parks need to improve their laws and regulations and establish an eco-compensation mechanism to encourage residents to participate in conservation and receive increasing benefits through green development.

Constructing a Management System for Private Colleges and Universities in China Based on a Comparative Study of Private Colleges and Universities at Home and Abroad

This paper first conducts a comparative study of the management system of private colleges and universities at home and abroad,then analyzes the reference significance of the management system of foreign private colleges and universities for the development of private colleges and universities in China,and finally puts forward corresponding strategies for the construction of a management system for private colleges and universities,so as to effectively promote the rapid development of private colleges and universities in China.At the same time,a smooth-running of private higher education is directly related to national development and the future of the nation.Private colleges and universities shoulder the sacred mission of educating people for the party and the country.Carrying out the party’s national work in the new era is the internal requirement of comprehensively implementing the party’s educational policy,the fundamental task of building morality and cultivating people,the mission of the era of developing schools and strengthening the country,as well as achieving satisfactory education.This helps to improve the socialist education system in China.

Construction and Practice of Transformation System of Scientific and Technological Achievements in Agriculture:A Case Study of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences

Accelerating the transformation of agricultural scientific and technological achievements is a key link in implementing innovation-driven development strategy and rural revitalization strategy,and improving development quality and core competitiveness.How to build a scientific and systematic transformation system of scientific and technological achievements and improve the overall management level of scientific and technological achievements transformation of agricultural scientific research institutes is one of the key tasks to measure how a scientific research institute supports industry and serves society.Taking the Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences as an example,this paper explores the construction and practice of its scientific and technological achievements transformation system since the 13 th Five-Year Plan period.By arranging the current situation of resource elements for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements,analyzing the progress of the construction of the scientific and technological achievements transformation system,summarizing the practical results of the scientific and technological achievements transformation system,this paper puts forward 10 strategies and measures(implementing key projects for the transformation and application of scientific and technological achievements;striving to promote the transformation and application of on-duty scientific and technological achievements;accelerating the development and utilization of advantageous and characteristic resources;strengthening the use and protection of intellectual property rights;actively expanding cooperation activities between government,industry and research;increasing special financial support for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements;innovating state-owned asset management to accelerate scientific and technological development;piloting equity incentives to expand scientific and technological development channels to increase income;striving to create a relaxed environment for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements,effectively create scientific and technological value,enhance the development strength of the institute,and promote high-quality industrial development)in order to provide a useful reference for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements of agricultural research institutes.

“Instruction-Category” Approach of Test Suite Construction for Oven Embedded System

Being different from testing for popular GUI software, the “instruction-category” approach is proposed for testing embedded system. This approach is constructed by three steps including refining items, drawing instruction-brief and instruction-category, and constructing test suite. Consequently, this approach is adopted to test oven embedded system, and detail process is deeply discussed. As a result, the factual result indicates that the “instruction-category” approach can be effectively applied in embedded system testing as a black-box method for conformity testing.

Constructing Electron Microscope Labs: Challenges and Solutions

The construction of advanced laboratories for precision instruments, such as electron microscopes, involves unique challenges that are influenced by the specific environmental conditions required for optimal functionality. These include mitigating interference from magnetic fields and vibrations, which are critical for maintaining the precision and accuracy of the instruments used. This study aims to offer enhanced project management strategies and detailed construction solutions that address the environmental and technical needs specific to electron microscopy labs, thereby facilitating effective lab operations and extending the lifecycle of high-end precision instruments. Case studies of existing laboratory constructions, onsite investigations, and comprehensive reviews of the technical and environmental requirements provide the basis for a best practice for constructing sophisticated electron microscopy labs. The approach integrates both pre-construction planning and post-construction adjustments to create optimal operational environments. The findings suggest that successful lab constructions are those that incorporate thorough onsite assessments, strategic location choices, and the use of advanced construction materials and techniques specifically designed to counteract environmental challenges like magnetic and vibration interferences. Actionable guidelines for both planning and executing the construction of electron microscope labs highlighted in this tutorial are intended as an important resource to troubleshoot or upgrade existing lab facilities and to consult in preparation of future lab construction projects.

Analysis of the Design and Implementation of a GIS System Incorporating Intelligent Recognition Models

The rapid economic growth,urbanization,and industrialization have led to a scarcity of land resources in coastal areas,exacerbating the conflict between humans and the environment.In order to promote economic development,attention has turned to the sea,and various coastal engineering projects have been undertaken,sparking a wave of land reclamation.However,while these efforts bring economic and social benefits,they also have implications for ecological relationships.To respond to and plan for changes in the coastline and land cover in a timely manner,this paper proposes and constructs a GIS system that integrates remote sensing image recognition models.The system combines geographic information system development technology with image recognition technology,streamlining the processing and identification of image data.This approach is particularly advantageous for marine management departments in their long-term monitoring and dynamic management of coastal lines,ensuring a more effective and efficient response.

Construction Method for Performance Management Curriculum Content System Based on Knowledge Graph

Performance Management is the core course of human resource management major,but its knowledge points lack multi-dimensional correlations.There are problems such as scattered content and unclear system,and it is urgent to reconstruct the content system of the course.Knowledge graph technology can integrate massive and scattered information into an organic structure through semantic correlation and reasoning.The application of knowledge graph to education and teaching can promote scientific and personalized teaching evaluation and better realize individualized teaching.This paper systematically combs the knowledge points of Performance Management course and forms a comprehensive knowledge graph.The knowledge point is associated with specific questions to form the problem map of the course,and then the knowledge point is further associated with the ability target to form the ability map of the course.Then,the knowledge point is associated with teaching materials,question bank and expansion resources to form a systematic teaching database,thereby giving the method of building the content system of Performance Management course based on the knowledge map.This research can be further extended to other core management courses to realize the deep integration of knowledge graph and teaching.

RC Frame-Prefabricated HPFRCC Energy Wall Structure System Energy Distribution Research

The weak layer of steel concrete (RC) frame structure is easy to destroy under the action of the earthquake, the damage mechanism is more difficult to control. Severe damage to the building structure after the earthquake, resulting in too high repair costs or having to dismantle and rebuild. In order to improve and enhance the anti-seismic performance of the RC framework structure, energy consumption devices are added between the frame columns to achieve the effect of reducing the RC frame structure damage and improving the seismic performance of the RC frame structure. In this article, high-performance fiber-enhanced cement base composite materials fabricated energy consumption walls are prepared in the RC frame structure to form a new type of seismic structure system of RC frame-prefabricated HPFRCC energy consumption wall. This article uses the power timing analysis of the ABAQUS finite element software to study the anti-seismic performance, influencing factors and energy consumption distribution of the RC frame-prefabricated HPFRCC energy wall structural system.

A Web-Based CAL System Constructing Tool Using Case-BasedReasoning Approach

It seems that a big problem in applying the WWW to education fields is that teachershave difficulty directly developing and managing a web-based intelligent CAL (Computer AidedLearning) system, because of the shortage of funds and teachers who are skilled in both AI (ArtificialIntelligence) and computer information technologies. Focusing on solving the problems we havedeveloped a general-purpose tool called WWW-CALIST (WWW-based Computer Aided LearningIndividual-adaptive System Tool), which helps teachers build up a web-based individualized adaptivecomputer aided learning environment called 'test→search for information using an adaptivekowledge map→adaptive learning'. By using easy-to-use interfaces equipped with the tool, ateacher who knows only the HTML can develop and manage web-based individualized adaptive CAIsystems for various education domains.

Rapid Constructing a Genetic Linkage Map by AFLP Technique and Mapping a New Gene tms5

In this study, we reported the repaid construction of a molecular marker linkage map of rice (Oryza sativa L.). An F-2 population from the cross between Annong S-1 and Nanjing 11 was used to construct a genetic linkage map of rice. Total of 142 newly screened AFLP markers and 30 anchor markers (25 SSR markers and 5 RFLP markers) were mapped on the 12 chromosomes covering 1537.4 cM of rice genome. The average interval between these markers was 9.0 cM. The total work which usually was finished in more than one year was finished within only 3 months by one person. This is the first plant AFLP map developed in China. A new thermosensitive genic male sterile gene in rice, tms5, was Egged and mapped onto chromosome 2 during the development of the linkage map.

Analysis on the Necessity and Feasibility of Implementing the Strategy of "Protecting Farmland in Flatland Areas and Constructing Mountainous Cities" in Yunnan Province

Yunnan is one of the most typical mountalnous provinces in western Chi-na. For the geographical features of mountalnous areas accounting for most parts and fIatIand areas accounting for smal parts, the contradiction between farmIand protection and construction guarantee is very prominent. In the first half of 2011, Yunnan Province estabIished creativeIy the strategy of ＆quot;protecting farmIand in fIat-Iand areas and constructing mountalnous cities＆quot; （hereinafter referred to as the strat-egy of ＆quot;constructing mountalnous cities＆quot;）, which was almed at protecting effectiveIy the Iimited and high quality arabIe Iand resources in fIatIand area and providing new construction area for new type of urbanization and industrialization, so as to achieve win-win situation between arabIe Iand protection and urbanization deveIopment. Im-pIementing this strategy in Yunnan Province is feasibIe, malnIy in the Iarge deveIop-ment potentials in the gentIe gradient between 8° to 25°. The gentIe sIope area be-tween 8° to 25° occupies 51% of the total Iand area in Yunnan Province, which is almost 140 times of the area of urban construction Iand in Yunnan in 2009. The surrounding areas of fIatIand or maln town in most counties （cities, regions） dis-tribute with different sizes of Iow hiI s and gentIe sIopes, thus mountalnous construc-tion Iand reserves are abundant, which benefits for impeI ing the strategy of ＆quot;con-structing mountalnous cities＆quot; in the Iight of Iocal conditions.

Study on Urban Construction Land Suitability Evaluation in Southwestern Mountainous Areas of Yunnan Province Based on the Strategy of "Protecting Farmland in Flatland Areas and Constructing Mountainous Cities" : A Case in Lianghe County

According to the particularity of towns＇ construction in the southwestern mountainous areas of Yunnan Province, this study has built constructive land suit- ability evaluation index system which is different to flat area. Then this study deter- mined single evaluation factors index and comprehensive suitability index using ＂ex- treme conditions method＂ and ＂suitability index method＂, and analyzed and assessed the constructive land suitability on each evaluation unit polygons and its suitability level by using GIS software. Taking Lianghe County of Dehong Dai-Jingpo Au- tonomous Prefecture as an example to evaluate land suitability in Lianghe County＇s main towns around the gentle slope, the results show, in the evaluation area, the area of land suitable for construction and unsuitable for construction respectively ac- count 73.58% and 26.42%. And first-class, second and third-class of land suitable for construction should be composited at the ratio of about 11：49：40. The suitability evaluation index system and method developed in this paper is applicable for evalu- ating the construction land suitability in mountainous areas of southwest Yunnan Province, and will provide theoretical and technical support for land policy measures which strengthen the protection of farmland and promote the scientific development of urbanization in Yunnan Province and even similar mountainous areas of the whole China.