“Instruction-Category” Approach of Test Suite Construction for Oven Embedded System

Being different from testing for popular GUI software, the “instruction-category” approach is proposed for testing embedded system. This approach is constructed by three steps including refining items, drawing instruction-brief and instruction-category, and constructing test suite. Consequently, this approach is adopted to test oven embedded system, and detail process is deeply discussed. As a result, the factual result indicates that the “instruction-category” approach can be effectively applied in embedded system testing as a black-box method for conformity testing.

A working model of the Internet-based steel construction consulting system for architects

As Internet becomes largely used in the AEC (architecture, engineering andconstruction) industry, the main focus is in the area of information and project management. In thedynamic engineering consulting, less has been done so far. This research tries to find thepossibility and potential of the Internet application in design and consulting for the AEC industryby proposing a working model in specific area, steel construction. Several issues have beendiscussed: defining and formatting the typical procedure and character of the steel constructionconsulting, behavior approach based on activities among partners, and the model organization.

Guideline of Test Suite Construction for GUI Software Centered on Grey-Box Approach

In this paper, the test suite construction for GUI (Graphical User Interface) software may be executed centered on grey-box approach with the prior test design of window access controls for unit testing, including front-end method of white box and follow-up black box method for integration testing. Moreover, two key opinions are proposed for the test suite construction for GUI software, the first one is that the “Triple-step method” should be used for unit testing with the prior disposing of data boundary value testing of input controls, and another one is that the “Grey-box approach” should be applied in integration testing for GUI software with necessary testing preparation in the precondition. At the same time, the testing of baseline version and the incremental testing should be considered for the test case construction to coordinate with the whole evolution of software product today. Additionally, all our opinion and thought are verified and tested with a typical case of GUI software—PQMS (Product Quality Monitoring Software/System), and results indicate that these methods and specific disposing are practical and effective.

Low-carbon Landscape Construction Approaches Based on Human Behavior

After the analysis of connotations of human behavior and low-carbon landscape,according to relevant theories of behavioral science and psychology,the internal relation between behavior and lowcarbon landscape has been discussed.They relate to,interact on and are the precondition of each other.Reasonable landscape environment has carried people's expectation for nature,and different landscapes give people different feelings and present to be of different behavior features.Finally,the paper has proposed constructing low-carbon landscape in the perspective of landscape design idea,design methods,construction process and later management,providing a theoretical basis for advocating energy saving and environmental protection,and creating green ecology.

A Web-Based CAL System Constructing Tool Using Case-BasedReasoning Approach

It seems that a big problem in applying the WWW to education fields is that teachershave difficulty directly developing and managing a web-based intelligent CAL (Computer AidedLearning) system, because of the shortage of funds and teachers who are skilled in both AI (ArtificialIntelligence) and computer information technologies. Focusing on solving the problems we havedeveloped a general-purpose tool called WWW-CALIST (WWW-based Computer Aided LearningIndividual-adaptive System Tool), which helps teachers build up a web-based individualized adaptivecomputer aided learning environment called 'test→search for information using an adaptivekowledge map→adaptive learning'. By using easy-to-use interfaces equipped with the tool, ateacher who knows only the HTML can develop and manage web-based individualized adaptive CAIsystems for various education domains.

A Review of Approaches and Challenges of BIM Education in Construction Management

As BIM （building information modeling） became the gold standard of the architecture, construction, and engineering industry, lack of skilled BIM professionals is considered one of the major challenges. It is therefore of significant importance that CM （construction management） programs train future construction professionals in the capabilities and advantages of BIM technology. This paper presents the findings of a comprehensive review of the implementation of BIM education in CM programs and summarizes the process of BIM adoption, existing educational approaches, and identified challenges in the implementation process. The information presented in this paper serves as a guide to CM programs that are new to and in the progress of implementing BIM education.

Comparison of project management approaches in construction

The construction industry is acutely aware of the need to improve its management process. Currently,construction management is facing four major schools of thoughts. This paper reports the recent study results,the aim of which was to compare these approaches. The focus will be on the questions:What is the theory root for this school of thoughts? What is the position of planning? What are the techniques used or recommended by each of these schools of thoughts in managing construction projects? Recommendations are then given through a deep discussion of the capability of each approach in managing today's highly complex construction project.

Zoning Approach of Key Construction Areas of High Standard Capital Farmland in Guangdong Province

On the basis of actual situations of Guangdong Province, using Factor Analysis Approach and Quantitative Analysis Method, we built index system by four factors, namely, extent of farmland connectivity, local financial support, grain production capacity and farmland consolidation potential. Finally, we obtained that the areas with total scores of evaluation higher than 50 points are key construction areas of high-standard capital farmland in Guangdong Province. In total, there are 40 key construction areas, including 16 in plain areas of the Pearl River Delta, 9 in coastal regions of east of Guangdong, 10 in coastal regions of west of Guangdong, and 5 in northwest mountainous regions of Guangdong. Besides, we put forward construction direction of these 4 capital farmland areas.

Predictability of well construction time with multivariate probabilistic approach

Current univariate approach to predict the probability of well construction time has limited accuracy due to the fact that it ignores key factors affecting the time.In this study,we propose a multivariate probabilistic approach to predict the risks of well construction time.It takes advantage of an extended multi-dimensional Bernacchia–Pigolotti kernel density estimation technique and combines probability distributions by means of Monte-Carlo simulations to establish a depth-dependent probabilistic model.This method is applied to predict the durations of drilling phases of 192 wells,most of which are located in the AustraliaAsia region.Despite the challenge of gappy records,our model shows an excellent statistical agreement with the observed data.Our results suggested that the total time is longer than the trouble-free time by at least 4 days,and at most 12 days within the 10%–90% confidence interval.This model allows us to derive the likelihoods of duration for each phase at a certain depth and to generate inputs for training data-driven models,facilitating evaluation and prediction of the risks of an entire drilling operation.

Current Situation and Approaches Relating to Construction of Agricultural Production and Operation Development Capacity for Rural Households in Hubei Province

The main body of household operation in the rural household contract responsibility system of our country has developed to the present stage,and has formed the situation that three kinds of rural households coexist,namely,ordinary rural households,major professional households and family farms. The agricultural production and operation of three kinds of household plays an important role in supporting the rapid development of modern agriculture in China. Under the new situation of deepening the rural reform and realizing the goal of well-off society in an all-round way,it is of great practical significance to make a thorough investigation and study on the present situation and approaches relating to the construction of the agricultural production and operation capacity for the three kinds of rural households.

Quality Control Approach for Civil Engineering Construction

In recent years,along with the continuous development and progress of society,the process of urbanization has been accelerating.At the same time,the scale of production of construction companies has also been continuously expanded.Civil engineering is an important component of construction engineering.The quality of civil engineering construction directly affects the image and development of construction companies.Therefore,we should focus on strengthening the control of the quality of civil engineering construction to ensure that the company is moving in a better direction.The author explores and analyzes the main factors affecting the construction quality of civil engineering,and puts forward an effective way to control the quality of civil engineering construction to improve the construction quality of civil engineering.

OSH star enterprise pilot scheme——a partnership approach to improve the safety performance of construction industry in Hong Kong SAR

Background: The Occupational Safety and Health Council(OSHC) is committed to improve the safety performance of the high risk construction industry.In the past three years,about 40% of the fatal accidents in the construction industry were related to Renovation,Maintenance,Alteration and Addition(RMAA).Due to the poor safety record,some of the RMAA contractors have difficulty in obtaining the Employees' Compensation Insurance(ECI) cover in the market,or if they could obtain the ECI,the premium rate would be exceedingly high.In view of this,the OSHC,the Labour Department jointly launched"OSH Star Enterprise-Pilot Scheme on Safety Accreditation for the RMAA Industry",which prompts the industry to take practicable safety measures to improve the safety of working environment and reduce occupational injuries.The program also helps the stakeholders and insurers to identify safety-conscious contractors and thereby provide them with a favourable premium rate under the Employees' Compensation Insurance Residual Scheme(ECIRS).Objectives: The OSHC launches the Pilot Scheme to improve the safety performance of the RMAA industry through providing safety training,subsidizing enterprise to purchase safety equipment and providing safety audit.We also use financial incentive to encourage RMAA enterprises to join the Pilot Scheme-for those who are accredited as "OSH Star Enterprise"could receive a premium discount from the ERIRS when obtaining the ECI.The scheme also differentiates those safety-conscious and law-abiding enterprises from the poor performers,which helps the industry and public identifying the RMAA contractors who pay attention to work safety.Methods: The Pilot Scheme targets RMAA enterprises that employ less than 50 employees in Hong Kong.A three-pronged approach is used to improve the safety performance of the RMAA industry: the Pilot Scheme provides(1) financial support for the RMAA contractors to buy a transportable temporary anchor device and full body safety harness and its anchor system;(2) safety training on RMAA work safety and safety & health supervisor course;and(3) safety audit.Results: Enterprises that successfully pass the safety audit and satisfied the Scheme requirements will be accredited as"OSH Star Enterprise",which will be valid for two years.These enterprises can also be upgraded to"OSH Gold Star Enterprise"based on their continuous improvement in safety performance.OSHC will set up a register of OSH-accredited enterprises in RMAA works for reference of the public to facilitate their choosing of accredited contractors.The Employees' Compensation Insurance Residual Scheme Bureau will provide privileged premium rate for enterprises with OSH accreditation."OSH Star Enterprise"could enjoy 40% discounts when joining their insurance scheme.For example,a skilled worker's annual premium can be reduced by about HK $ 36,000.While,the "OSH Gold Star Enterprise"could enjoy 50% discounts when joining their insurance scheme,which means a skilled worker's annual premium can be reduced up to HK $ 45,000.Achievements: This Pilot Scheme offers practical assistance as well as attractive financial incentives for the RMAA industry to improve their safety performance.The Employees'Compensation Insurance Residual Scheme provides premium discounts for enterprises that have a good safety record.It provides incentive for RMAA contractors to actively participate in the Pilot Scheme.The Scheme demonstrates that by providing a safe working environment and appropriate personal protective equipment to workers,the enterprise not only helps to reduce the accident rate of the industry but also receive an economic return.The Pilot Scheme bridges stakeholders of RMAA industry,the government and the insurance industry creating an "all-win"situation.This partnership approach to prevent injuries and accidents in the construction industry could be an effective model for other industries.

Research progress of Ag_3PO_4-based photocatalyst: Fundamentals and performance enhancement

Ag3PO4 is found to be a highly efficient photocatalyst and receives great attention. The high activity of the photocatalyst is credited to the intrinsic electronic structure. The morphology control and nano-composite fabrication are used to improve the performance and practicability. This paper reviews the structure, properties and some theoretical aspects of Ag3PO4 single crystal. Also, the major strategies, namely the morphology control and hetero-nanostructure construction, as ways to improve the performance of Ag3PO4-based photocatalysts, are summarized with the aid of some typical instances.

A User-Oriented Implementation of Risk Breakdown Structure in Construction Risk Management

The construction industry works under conditions of uncertainties and risks leading to poor performance, increased cost and time and decreased quality. In these conditions, the dynamic identification and assessment of project risks among a vary range of potential factors is considered of vital importance. The introduction of RBS （risk breakdown structure） as a hierarchically organized depiction of identified risks was considered a suitable tool in risk management, especially in construction, due to its many advantages in synthetic representation and dynamic nature. This paper presents a user-oriented implementation of RBS to assist the project managers in identifying and assessing potential risk factors affecting construction process. The evidential analogies between WBS （work breakdown structure） and RBS are captured and used in the proposed framework which interconnects them into a 2D （two dimensional） matrix used to associate risks to the specific project activities. The proposed framework is applied to a government funded design-bid-build project. The obtained results clearly demonstrate the advantages in identifying the most risky activities, as well as the most important risk factors affecting the whole project.

Stereotypes in Genders Construction

The observation of girls and boys study in college for many years elicits there is a key to construct students' gender which affect their study and job choosing after graduation. In order to make teaching more effective and efficient, understanding what constructs genders becomes necessary for designing the curriculum. Some literatures tell that gender stereotypes exist ineradicably in our society. The gender stereotypes construct children's gender through their parents, mass media and their peer groups.The stereotypes believe boys wear blue and girls wear pink; boys always choose astronaut, lawyer, dentist as their job and girls prefer to be a nurse or a teacher. Gender stereotypes occur some negative phenomenon such as sex discrimination, restriction on personality development, and inefficient cooperation between male and female in our society. Educators should show a correct direction to students in their gender construction. There are 4 teaching approaches introduced to educator in the essay to reduce the influence of gender stereotypes on students. They are"access and equity""valuing girls' and boys' skills and experiences""acknowledging differences among girls and boys", and"challenging and critically examining the social structures". Students can understand themselves objectively and clearly, shape their personality positively, and develop their interests appropriately through the approaches in education.

中国国家安全学:生成逻辑、体系创新与未来展望

国家安全学的设立既是呼应新时代发展课题的必然要求,也是国家安全总体战略布局中的重要一环。时代赋予国家安全学现实土壤,战略赋予学科建设内在动力,交叉是学科产生的关键内核,作为战略性新兴学科的国家安全学在时代与战略的共鸣下应运而生。国家安全学在总体思维和交叉思维的指导下,在学科体系建设上提高站位、科学错位;在学术体系建设上立足国情、注重内涵;在话语体系建设上言之有理、言之有道,不断探索国家安全学的体系创新,逐渐发展出一条中国国家安全学建设的独特路径。面向未来,需要牢牢把握总体国家安全观,以探索学科基础研究范式为主线,立足学科自身的交叉属性、战略属性和政治属性,推动国家安全学自主知识体系建设与学术共同体建设,促进学科进一步高质量发展。

数字乡村高质量建设的影响因素及组态路径研究——基于37个案例的清晰集定性比较分析

如何更有效促进数字乡村高质量建设是当下政府和学术界共同关注的热点问题。依据中国37个县域数字乡村发展案例,运用清晰集定性比较分析方法,基于物理事理人理系统方法论探讨财政支持、科技创新、政策规划、组织领导、农民数字素质与认同程度等因素对数字乡村高质量建设的联动作用及路径选择。研究结论:①单个因素不构成高质量与非高质量数字乡村建设的必要条件,组态路径具备等效性和多重并发性。②产生高质量结果的组态归纳为四条路径,解释力度为政策驱动型>财政驱动型>全要素驱动型>科技领导双轮驱动型。③产生非高质量结果的组态归纳为低效治理型路径。高质量和非高质量的组态路径存在因果非对称性。④政策规划能力和组织领导能力存在替代关系。建议各县域根据自身实际情况,因地制宜,随时而动,采取有针对性的组态协同发展措施,推动数字乡村高质量建设。

新工科背景下智能制造工程专业教学探索与实践

为应对“中国制造2025”国家战略,顺应新工科背景下高等工程教育改革发展,国家提出建设智能制造新工科专业。智能制造工程专业在强数理基础上,基于机械学科主干知识体系,融入控制、计算机、人工智能等信息学科知识,探索“数字化+网络化+智能化”时代背景下,新技术特色的智能制造理论课程体系;同时,为有利于学生系统掌握交叉学科知识,实践教学体系通过打通专业交叉知识之间的边界,破除知识孤岛,以工程项目为导向构建实践教学内容,探讨适应智能制造工程专业人才培养的实践教学体系。智能制造工程专业教学探索与实践将促进新工科专业知识之间的交叉融合,逐步适应未来制造领域发展的新需要,有效提升高等教育机械工程专业复合型高端人才的培养质量。

新文科背景下课程思政融入地方高校外语金课建设的路径探索

新文科背景下,课程思政融于高校外语金课建设体现了外语专业内涵建设的方向。外语金课在课程思政指引下获得方向性引导和理论支撑,有利于提升金课教学水平;课程思政以外语金课建设为依托,将德育目标贯穿教学全过程,有利于提高人才培养质量。基于新文科教育指导下某地方高校外语金课建设的实践,分析课程思政与外语金课建设的联动效应,并探索课程思政融入外语金课建设的有效路径,指出新文科教育推动了外语金课与课程思政的融合,对构建中国特色的外语课程话语体系起到了重要推动作用。

标准系统理论下医院制度管理体系建设实践

建立完善的现代医院管理制度是推进公立医院治理能力和治理体系现代化的重要举措,是推动医院高质量发展的重要基础。对医院来说最重要的是完善内部管理制度建设,建立以医院章程为核心的制度体系。滨州医学院附属医院将标准系统管理理论应用到管理实践中,开展了现代医院制度管理体系建设的探索,逐步建立了一套系统、协调的制度管理体系。文章阐述了标准系统的相关理论及医院制度管理体系建设中的问题、建设原则,从完善管理机制、健全体系架构、规范制定流程等方面总结了医院在制度管理体系建设中的实践做法,为医院的制度建设工作提供借鉴。