Wooden Wall Construction of Traditional Miao Stilted Buildings: A Case Study of Xijiang Miao Village in Guizhou

Wooden walls of traditional stilted buildings of Miao Nationality show outstanding regional characteristics. Taking the well-preserved traditional stilted buildings in Xijiang Miao Village for example, this paper focused on the construction units of the wooden wall, and the hierarchy of wooden wall construction, concluded spatial forms of the wooden wall, in order to explore the indigenous construction culture in the wooden wall system, protect and inherit the culture; seek for the ways of expressing national and regional characteristics in the modern architectural designs of relevant cultural regions.

Study on Steel Bar Construction Technology of Frameshear Wall in High-Rise Buildings

The development of the construction sector is rapidly growing,which induce competition at global level.In order to achieve the current economic development,more high-rise buildings construction projects were commenced without considering importance of the land to human and other living organism.On the other hand,the quality and safety aspect of the engineering technology used must be analyzed carefully and to be the primary aim for engineers to reduce any risk of harm in future.Many of the high-rise buildings in China consist of a frame or skeleton of reinforced concrete wall which need to be strengthened with shear walls to improve the stability and safety of the structures.According to practical work experience and relevant theoretical knowledge,the researcher introduced the reinforcement construction technology of frame-shear wall for high-rise buildings in depth from aspects like the arrangement of steel bar,construction preparation,steel bar anchorage,precautions to follow for the related work in future.

Prevention and Control Measures for Vertical Spread of Fire along the External Wall of High-rise Buildings

In the analysis and research of few cases on the characteristics of vertical"burning"and spreading of fire in high-rise buildings in China and overseas,the mechanism of vertical spreading of fire along external wall is caused by hot pressing and wind pressure existing in high-rise buildings.The use of external wall combustible materials and near-window combustible items resulted in the formation of high temperature pyrotechnics and the burning of the external wall.Besides,due to the lack of fire-fighting measurements in high-rise building,it is recommended that the external wall of the high-rise building should be equipped with vertical fire-proof partitioning and non-combustible materials by setting up an automatic fire-fighting water curtain system along the vertical section of the external wall and above the indoor window.Therefore,the automatic sprinkler can be set up to prevent the fire from spreading vertically along the external wall of the building effectively.

Passive cooling of porous tile used on external wall

The porous tiles under the dry and wet conditions were studied. The simplified mathematical model was put forward to simulate the procedure of moisture evaporating for the densely porous tile. The results show that the capability of passive cooling of the porous tile is more than 5 ℃ with moisture content of 30% in Yangtze river region. Through the comparison between the measuring and simulating data,it can be proved that the simplified math model can be fully used to the engineering application,which provides a reference to explore the thermal performance of other porous material.

Intelligent Construction Technology of Hyperbolic Curtain Wall

Taking the hyperbolic glass curtain wall project of the Wuhan Jinyinhu Commercial Plaza as an example,the characteristics of different curved glass forming technologies were analyzed in this paper.Combined with the actual engineering situation,the curved steel process is selected to produce the hyperbolic glass curtain wall,and the application of BIM technology in the quality control of hyperbolic glass curtain wall in the production process was analyzed,and the effects of heating condition,bending time,cooling condition,and bending tempering error in the manufacturing accuracy of the curved glass curtain wall were studied,in hope that this project can provide practical reference for similar curtain wall design construction in the future.

EXPLORATION OF CRITICAL EXTERNAL PARTNERS OF ARCHITECTURE/ENGINEERING/CONSTRUCTION (AEC) FIRMS FOR DELIVERING GREEN BUILDING PROJECTS IN SINGAPORE

Green Building involves many parties and has attracted attention recently. In this paper, the main external actors for Green Building were explored based on literature review. Then, a structured questionnaire was developed to facilitate systematic data collection. Finally, a stepwise multiple regression analysis was applied and “clients,” “government,” “qualified/certified materials and products suppliers,” and “good green consultants” were found to be significant external partners of Architecture/Engineering/Construction (AEC) firms for successful delivery of Green Mark certified projects. The research findings will help AEC firms understand how to achieve competitive advantages in the Green Building market in Singapore by using external resources.

外挂墙板施工阶段碳排放的智能监测与优化

建筑行业的温室气体过量排放逐渐引起了人们的关注,且其施工阶段往往面临成本超标、工期延长和碳排放失控等问题,因此,建筑施工阶段碳排放的监测与多目标优化问题成为目前研究重点。为了有效解决上述问题,从物理层、计算层和交互层三部分提出了监测优化系统的框架;以Revit为二次开发平台、利用MySQL建立数据库,搭建了碳排放智能监测与优化平台;以外挂墙板构件施工过程为例,运用融入柔性理念的遗传算法寻找出使得“成本工期碳排放”综合目标最适合项目特征的工序执行模式组合及最优解。研究为装配式建筑施工阶段的碳排放监测与优化提供了一套科学、高效的集成化管理技术。

预制混凝土复合外挂墙板的研究现状

装配式建筑结构具有抗震性能良好、低碳环保、施工便利等优点,是适应绿色建筑发展、响应节能减排战略的新型建筑结构体系。预制混凝土复合外挂墙板作为装配式建筑工程的子项目,性能优异,发展潜力巨大。综述了预制混凝土复合外挂墙板的研究现状,从热工性能、力学性能、抗震性能等多方面展开研究,既对墙板的设计和运用具有重要意义,又能为节能减排战略和绿色建筑发展做出贡献。

内抹调湿砂浆外墙吸放湿特性及对负荷影响分析

本文从建筑围护结构节能出发,以内抹WSE(木质纤维Wood fibre、海泡石Sepio⁃lite、膨胀珍珠岩Expanded perlite)基复合调湿保温砂浆外墙为研究对象,将其与内抹普通砂浆外墙对比,分析吸放湿特性及其对负荷的影响.研究使用COMSOL Multiphysics有限元软件的建筑材料热湿耦合模型,分析环境湿度变化与外墙之间的湿迁移变化,以及与外墙的传热传质.以夏热冬冷典型气候地区长沙为例,分析内抹WSE基复合调湿保温砂浆外墙的负荷及潜热负荷占比,同时选取夏热冬暖地区广州和寒冷地区北京对比分析外墙的全年能耗.研究发现,内抹WSE基复合调湿保温砂浆外墙的吸放湿速率远大于内抹普通砂浆的外墙,并能长时间保持高速的吸放湿状态,同时比内抹普通砂浆墙体节省22.31%~23.85%的全年负荷.墙体在吸湿过程中,温升与吸湿速率能力体现出一致性,表明墙体内表面湿迁移对温度有着重要影响,并且湿迁移越大对温度影响越大.墙体在放湿过程中,温度迅速下降是放湿速率快的表现.内抹WSE基复合调湿保温砂浆墙体具有优良的吸放湿特性和节能潜力,可用于建筑围护结构节能.

外墙保温研究现状及发展趋势

建筑节能需求随建筑业发展逐步增大,外墙保温是解决节能问题的方式之一。从外墙的保温方式入手,对国内外外墙保温的现状进行综述,并通过比较指出现阶段保温方式做法存在的问题。目前,众多仿生建筑以及仿生结构案例快速涌现,为外墙保温提供了思路。通过对动物翅膀表面以及皮毛等部位进行深入研究后发现,其具有的各类结构能够应用到外墙表面,极大地提高了外墙的光热转化效率,或者通过这种结构来降低自身的热传导率,减少热量的损失,保温效果也能得到相应的提高,在节省材料的同时,能够实现节能减排的效果。

超高层单元幕墙弹出式插芯节点设计及应用

单元幕墙已经成为超高层建筑外围护结构的主流形式,采用插接节点,在安装过程中必须按楼层逐层插接安装,为此提出超高层建筑单元幕墙多段同步施工技术。该技术通过将分段施工收口楼层单元板块的插接式节点设计为弹出式插芯节点,解决了单元幕墙必须按楼层逐层插接安装的工序问题,实现单元幕墙的分段同步施工。分析了超高层单元幕墙弹出式插芯节点设计、技术原理、工艺流程和安装要点,并结合工程案例,对采用弹出式插芯节点的超高层建筑单元幕墙多段同步施工技术和工程应用进行探讨。

房建工程装配式建筑结构外挂墙板的施工技术

装配式结构具有多样化应用优势,不仅能解决环境因素影响,还能提高工程施工效率,被广泛应用到建筑工程施工方面。但从目前装配式建筑施工情况来看,其经常受到各种外在因素影响,如环境、地质、人为等,给整个工程施工质量带来严重影响。因此,为了解决上述问题,建筑企业要注重应用外挂墙板施工技术,促进建筑结构线条呈现多样化趋势,让整个造型更加美观。基于此,该文以某装配式施工项目为主要研究对象,分析结构外挂墙板施工技术优势,明确该施工技术的工艺流程,将其应用到房建工程装配式建筑结构施工方面,全面提高施工质量,促进建筑企业实现可持续发展。

基于绿色建筑理念的建筑幕墙数字化建造技术

结合上海某办公大楼项目,对不同的幕墙施工方案进行了全面对比,以确定绿色化办公大楼的最终幕墙形态。通过应用建筑信息模型,对大楼幕墙的热工性能进行了模拟分析,并进行了深化设计。在施工阶段应用建筑信息模型管理平台,对幕墙构件建立数字化信息模型,辅助后续幕墙数字化施工。结合项目施工经验,总结了幕墙系统的施工工艺流程以及质量控制要点,以期为今后幕墙数字化建设工程提供借鉴。

超低能耗建筑外墙聚氨酯空腔发泡保温施工技术

传统超低能耗建筑外墙保温基本为无机、有机板材复合外保温系统,施工过程中质量不稳定,系统主要问题包括空鼓、开裂、饰面层脱落、渗漏、细部节点出现热桥等。以在建项目工程为案例,深入介绍了超低能耗建筑外墙聚氨酯空腔发泡保温系统施工工艺及无热桥施工技术,归纳了外墙聚氨酯空腔发泡保温技术的施工应用要点及注意事项,总结了聚氨酯空腔发泡外墙保温技术优势,旨在改进超低能耗建筑外墙施工技术,在满足建筑节能要求的前提下,降低成本,加快推进超低能耗建筑高质量发展。

装配式建筑剪力墙施工关键技术研究

近年来,随着社会发展速度的加快,人们生活质量有很大改善,环保意识也在逐年增强,绿色建筑开始出现在人们的视野当中。其中,作为绿色建筑的一部分,装配式建筑在进行施工前,需要施工单位事先准备好预制构件,并将准备好的构件运送至指定地点,在施工现场进行装配,不仅能够降低成本,还可以控制施工材料的损耗量,从而提高工程施工效率与质量。基于此,该文主要探索装配式建筑剪力墙施工关键技术,以供参考。

城市核心区历史建筑外墙原位保留关键技术研究

历史建筑外墙原位保留方法是兼顾风貌保护与建筑更新的重要手段,而城区内复杂的环境为保留施工带来了诸多挑战。以上海城市核心区某历史建筑外墙原位保留项目为实例,结合周边环境保护、建筑更新需求、外墙保留方法等方面,提出了项目的重难点与技术方案。通过基础托换方法、结构加固方法和支撑转换方法,阐述与分析了城市核心区历史建筑外墙原位保留关键技术。监测结果表明,相关技术措施可有效保证历史外墙原位保留过程中墙体结构及周边环境的安全,可为同类工程提供借鉴。

既有建筑外墙外保温节能改造及经济效益分析

随着社会的发展,许多二十世纪八九十年代建造的房屋外墙结构保温隔热性能已经不足以满足当今需求,从而导致能耗过高、室内热环境恶化。为此,我国正在积极推进绿色发展,努力实现低碳、可持续的生产和生活方式。为节约资源能源,改善居住环境,有必要对旧有建筑墙体进行改造。结合济南市某节能改造项目,介绍了一种新型外墙外保温工艺,并对其经济效益进行了综合研究,结果表明,该工艺节能效果好,经济效益显著。

严寒地区办公建筑外墙保温系统优化及碳减排分析

合理选择保温材料及厚度是实现低碳建筑的重要途径。以典型办公建筑为对象,选取严寒地区3个不同城市(漠河、哈尔滨、沈阳),模拟4种保温材料对建筑能耗的影响,结合生命周期评价与生命周期成本分析构建生态效率模型,核算建筑外保温系统的全生命周期碳排放及经济成本,并识别出具有最优生态效率的建筑外保温系统。结果表明,严寒地区采用建筑外保温系统能够带来良好的建筑节能及碳减排效果,但生命周期碳排放与经济成本结果具有明显差异,城市地理位置和保温材料类型影响其厚度优化。从地理位置角度,低纬度城市沈阳的建筑外墙保温系统具有最低的碳排放和经济成本,高纬度城市反之;从碳排放和成本效果来看,聚氨酯板>挤塑聚苯板>岩棉板>模塑聚苯板;3个城市采用聚氨酯板,从生态效率来看65 mm>60 mm>50 mm,其生命周期碳排放为101.95~184 kgCO_(2)eq/(m2∙a),经济成本为8.24~15.17元/(m^(2)∙a)。

复合保温外墙体系施工技术研究

随着我国能源消耗的不断增加,工程方对居住建筑节能的要求也在不断提高。当前,我国的建筑节能设计标准已经从节能50%以上到了第一阶段节能幅度大于75%以上的要求,总之,建筑节能设计已成为行业发展的当务之急。针对外墙施工存在经济效益差的问题,开展复合保温外墙体系施工技术研究。提出一种全新的施工方案,其中包括:墙体骨架和面板安装、泡沫混凝土填充浇筑和一体化保温板复合外墙保温体系施工。通过对新施工技术的经济效益分析得出,新技术更具经济效益,每平米的造价更低。

高层建筑外墙保温施工技术及节能材料的应用研究

在土建建筑绿色节能设计与施工要求的前提下,高层建筑外墙面的保温施工,也要采取重量轻、强度高、采光好的墙体保温材料,从不同保温层材料的物理特性、施工工艺等角度出发,进行建筑外墙保温施工重要工序的规划设计。通过围绕高层建筑外墙保温、节能、环保等的建设需求,探讨不同类别建筑材料的结构构造、通风状况与保温效果,并设置建筑工程保温施工的执行流程,以满足现代建筑工程的保温、节能与降耗要求。