Issues concerning Development of Consumer Credit Business in China's Agricultural Bank

This article introduces the status quo of consumer credit business in China's agricultural bank,indicating that the scale of China's consumer credit business is expanded year by year;the growth of consumer credit business slows down;housing loans grow rapidly.We analyze issues concerning development of consumer credit business in agricultural bank as follows:single variety of consumer credit business makes the operating scope narrow;the formality of consumer credit business is trivial,abating consumers' will to borrow;consumers' consumer attitudes are stale,yet to be further changed;the loan interest of consumer credit is beyond the majority of consumers' actual ability to pay;the existing regulations and systems are not sound;the risk prevention mechanism is not perfect.Based on this,we put forward the following countermeasures and proposals for further improving consumer credit business in China's agricultural bank:first,formulate reasonable marketing strategy of consumer credit business;second,establish and improve the internal management mechanism;third,establish and improve risk assessment system;fourth,improve consumer credit legal system.

Study on the Consumer Credit Development Path of China——From the Perspective of Supply-side Reform

With the development of China's market economy,China's consumer credit has also developed rapidly,but there are also problems such as unbalanced credit structure and uneven regional development.Based on the perspective of supply-side reforms,this article analyzes the opportunities and risks of China's consumer credit development,and puts forward practical and effective suggestions for problems,which is of great significance to the promotion of the healthy development of China's consumer credit.

Discussion on Consumer Credit Business of Traditional Commercial Banks under Internet Finance

With the advent and development of the information age,the Internet has become the current advancement in all walks of life.The popularization of e-commerce also gives birth to Internet finance.The emergence of consumer credit businesses such as“Yu‘ebao”and“Huabei”has put great pressure on the consumer credit business of traditional commercial Banks.Under the background of Internet finance,in order to promote the development of commercial Banks’consumer credit business,it is necessary to strengthen the innovation of commercial Banks’consumer credit business and meet the development demand of the current information age.

Strategy and Suggestion on the Development of Credit Reporting Industry in China

Credit reporting industry of China can＇t satisfy the demand of quick economicdevelopment. Considering the condition and requirement for development of credit reporting, this paper firstly discusses preliminary problems related to credit reporting, such as law and regulation, credit information sharing and industry management. Then we study the problems of how to carry out the development of credit reporting system, including which credit reporting pattern, private or public credit reporting, to be adopted, roles of government, etc. At the end of the paper, some relative suggestions about credit legislation, establishment and development of credit system are presented.

Consumer Credit Risk Management in an Emerging Market: The Case of China

With the liberalization of the financial service sector mandated by China＇s access to the WTO, China＇s credit card market has received a great deal of attention from global financial institutions. This paper examines the enormous growth opportunities and key barriers facing the development of the credit card industry in China, and discusses the importance and tools of consumer credit risk management. In the process of rapid expansion of China＇s consumer credit card industry, credit risk management should be treated as a top priority to avoid a pile up of bad debt in credit card receivables. This requires the development of an updated and comprehensive national consumer credit database and the use of credit risk modeling and scoring in predicting consumer behavior. As structured finance develops in China, the securitization of credit card receivables into asset-backed securities might also serve as an alternative to traditional credit risk management.

The role of self-accounting and financial capability in consumer credit decisions

The role of financial capability in the consumers＇ financial behaviour has been widely analyzed by the literature. The same happened for the relationship between debt and financial capability. The consensus about the benefits of an increase in the levels of financial literacy collides with a diversity of opinions on what the best solutions to increase financial capability. While methods based on traditional teaching may not be an effective solutions and they could not provide results in the short term, solutions oriented to support consumers in important financial decisions （requests for funding, choice of retirement solutions, etc.） may show greater effectiveness. Studies in literature have shown the tendency of subjects with high levels of financial capability to adopt a long term view and to upgrade their daily financial behaviour with attitudes and practices related to self-finance （budget, financial check-up, saving for goals, etc.） The paper focuses on the relationship between financial capability and self-accounting practices, interpreting the latter as evidence of conduct financially aware. After a review of the literature designed to emphasize the role of self-accounting in the context of personal finance, a financial check-up based tool is proposed, pointing out how the financial accounts＇ schemes and logics （regular budget, estimates and forecasts checking targets） may find useful application in the context of personal finance.

The current situation and problems of China's auto consumer credit policy

1, The current situation of the auto market Automobile credit is a common marketing mode all over the world and has been playing a main role in the vehicle markets of developed countries. Data concerned shows that the proportion of autos sold on some form of finance: in USA, 80%-85%; in Germany, 71%; in India 60%～70%; in Taiwan 50%～60%. Generally speaking,

Understanding Credit Risk in Internet Consumer Finance:An Empirical Analysis with a Focus on the Young Generation

In recent years,internet finance has garnered increasing attention from the public.Online lending,emerging within the framework of Internet finance as a pivotal component,has witnessed substantial growth.While online credit,within the realm of Internet finance,presents numerous advantages over traditional lending,it concurrently exposes a plethora of credit risk issues.This study aims to facilitate the effective utilization of online credit tools by the young generation within the context of Internet finance.Additionally,it seeks to ensure the overall stability of the Internet finance environment and mitigate risks for the youth.Given the significance of understanding credit risk management for college students in the age of internet finance,this paper adopts the logistic model to evaluate credit risk in internet consumer finance and provides pertinent recommendations from the perspective of the young generation.

A Brief Study of Consuming Credit in US and Its Influences on Economy

A serious global financial crisis broke out in 2008 and its negative impact became increasingly felt in China,and continuingly showed its huge destruction power on real economy,which makes us try to figure out and introspect what's the matter with economy.This essay will research the of consuming credit in US and its influences on economy by studying on American's consuming habits and its highly developed financial tools,and analyze the process of the chain effect appear.

Adverse selection,loan access and default behavior in the Chilean consumer debt market

Why do households use different types of loans?Which factors cause borrowers to default?Using a comprehensive survey dataset from Chile,I estimate a partial information model of consumer debt access,lender choice,loan amount and default.The model consists of a first-stage multinomial logit that explains the choice across the five loan types,plus the options of no access to debt due to credit constraints and a no wish for consumer debt.In the second and third stages,the model assumes a log-linear regression of the debt amount and a logit regression of the default behavior,accounting for the loan type selection probability.Identification is obtained using factors measured at different time periods for the default and the loan type choices.I find that households choose different lenders based on income,education and labor risks.Higher income and education decrease the probability of credit constraints,while increasing bank lending and debt amounts.Unemployment risk and household size increase the chances of all the loan types;however,unemployment decreases the debt amount.Age and wage volatility reduce the probability of all loans.Default decreases with income,education and age,whereas it increases with indebtedness,unemployment,household size,health shocks,and paying previous loans.Counterfactual exercises demonstrate that pension reform,higher requirements for borrowers’capacities,and financial literacy programs could substantially reduce default risk.Financial literacy could greatly reduce arrears,households with credit constraints,the number of debtors and the aggregate debt amounts,especially for non-bank lending.Highlights Chilean borrowers present heterogeneous adverse selection across lender types.No Debt Access decreases with income,age,education,but it increases with risk.Default is associated with income,unemployment,indebtedness and demographics.Paying past loans and health needs are associated with indebtedness and default.Financial literacy programs may be a powerful policy to improve the debt market.

我国社会信用体系建设面临的主要挑战及对策建议

党的十八大以来,国家高度重视社会信用体系建设,在一些基础领域和关键环节取得了重要进展,总体社会信用状况得到明显改善。然而,社会信用体系建设是一项长期且极为复杂的系统工程,目前仍面临着理论研究和法治建设滞后,社会信用体系建设的目标定位和功能边界不够清晰,商务征信体系不健全、企业账款拖欠严重,以及其他发展不平衡不充分等问题。建议在系统总结前期经验教训的基础上,加强理论研究,厘清认识和实践误区,进一步明确社会信用体系建设的目标定位和功能边界,加快推进信用立法,健全商务信用体系,破解企业账款拖欠难题,大力发展信用经济,并做好面向公众的宣传引导工作。

社会交互成本理论与社会信用法的法理重构

社会信用体系建设探索实践面对法治拷问,社会交互成本理论对社会信用法治之路将如何前行进行了回应。该理论通过揭示和描述社会信用机制的内在规律,对我国社会信用体系建设当前实践给出了学理解读。在社会交互成本理论看来,社会信用建设现有的法治探索经验显示,社会信用法在法律的调整对象等一系列方面已然显现新的特征,以“行为本位”为前提的法理思维已经无法涵括社会信用法领域出现的新的法律现象。在依据社会交互成本理论形成的法理观念看来,社会信用法的调整对象已不只是信用行为,而是信用行为习惯及其背后的社会关系;调整手段不只是国家的强制力,而是国家强力规制与社会自我管理有机融合;调整方式不再是单纯的负面惩戒,而是以正向调整鼓励守信为主。

中国信用法学自主知识体系的构建

在我国社会信用体系建设过程中,社会信用似乎成为核心概念。从概念产生的角度观察,“社会信用”与“信用”为同一含义,“社会”只是强调信用应用领域的广泛性,宜采用“信用”之称。目前,信用的外延已经从传统的经济信用扩展至公共信用,展现出浓厚的本土色彩。信用领域的扩展导致信用法学研究对象的非单一性,信用法学应纳入领域法学而非部门法学的范畴。据此,问题导向的视角、实用主义的立场和兼容并蓄的路径构成了信用法学自主知识体系建构的方法论。以之为指导,立足中国信用实践,关切遏制公权和维护私益的信用立法价值取向,阐明本土化的概念系统,以信用法律关系和信用信息处理规则为双重主线叙事,才能实现信用法学自主性和体系化。

双积分政策下考虑电耗、新能源偏好的决策研究

为探讨汽车制造商面对国内汽车行业电气化转型的生产决策问题,在双积分政策背景下针对制造商、零售商组成的二级供应链构建两种生产情形下不同决策模型,并引入新能源汽车电能消耗和消费者新能源偏好,运用Stackelberg博弈求得不同生产情形中不同决策模式下供应链各成员最优生产决策与收益分析。结果表明:双积分政策的深入实施有利于提高新能源汽车电能消耗水平,降低新能源汽车销售价格,扩大市场规模的同时促使燃油车提高减排水平;车企应选择在集中决策模式下提高新能源车型产能,逐渐减少传统燃油车产量,给供应链中各成员带来更多收益;从短期看制造商继续生产燃油车的生产情形所获收益虽高于停产燃油车情形,但其收益波动较大且制造商停产燃油车全面转型生产新能源汽车后的收益呈稳定增长趋势。

推进我国债务催收业规范化阳光化发展的对策建议

债务催收是信用服务行业的重要分支之一。21世纪以来,主要服务于消费信贷不良资产处置的债务催收业迎来了高速发展期。然而,受到传统观念和行业治理滞后的影响,债务催收业在迅猛发展的同时,也出现了催收行为异化、竞争失序、投诉高企等诸多乱象。基于消费信贷领域巨额的不良资产处置需求,以及创新社会治理、推动债务催收业健康发展和保护金融消费者合法权益等方面的迫切需要,我国应借鉴境外成熟经验,从制定专门法律法规、明确监管部门、建立行业自律组织、开展行业培训、完善金融机构监管等方面入手,对债务催收行业进行系统性治理,从而推进我国债务催收业规范化、阳光化发展。

数字经济背景下虚增信用行为刑法应对的反思

数字经济的虚拟性、无界性特点,造成交易参与者之间天然存在信任危机。信用评价体系作为危机解决方案之一,成为维系卖方、买方和平台之间信任关系的重要渠道。出于惩罚虚增信用的考虑,存在司法入罪论、立法入罪论两种对立的应对主张。但司法入罪论在违法构成和法益定位上不符合虚增信用行为;立法入罪论虽然在侵害本体结论上正确,但没有考虑到信用评价业务法益的自我保护能力和信用评价体系内在缺陷的救济容忍问题。考虑到互联网时代刑法控制论的变革和刑法的补充性原则,以刑法手段治理虚增信用不仅可能因无法化解遵守禁令与生存的矛盾而无功,而且可能会对社会子系统自我治理的积极性形成遏制。因此应特别慎重考虑虚增信用行为的刑法应对,将重心置于非刑事法律手段的完善。

电商短期信贷息费优惠、降价与促消费:“分期免息”能带来好处吗?

中国电商平台与消费信贷服务深度融合,使入驻厂商能够灵活地发起息费优惠,并将其作为一种促销手段与降价行为相联动。以京东商城2022年包括“白条”息费优惠、价格、销量、用户评论等多维度信息的电视机产品月度数据构建动态面板回归模型进行实证分析,结果表明电商短期消费信贷的息费优惠确实可以促进消费者购买,但商家在提供息费优惠时,相应产品的价格会被相对抬高。不过,结合现实市场利率与估计结果匡算息费优惠措施的综合效果,发现即使考虑价格相对上涨,消费者仍然能够以较低的代价获得分期付款服务,而商家代替消费者支付相应息费所得到的促销效果与直接给予等额降价基本相当。上述结论反映出电商短期消费信贷的优惠在促进居民消费中的积极作用。

法成令修:新《环保法》对债券定价的影响研究

本文将环境规制效应延伸到债券市场,以新《环保法》的实施作为准自然实验,采用双重差分法考察环境规制对企业债券信用利差的影响。研究发现,新《环保法》的实施能够显著提高重污染企业债券信用利差。将债券信用利差分解为流动性利差和违约利差之后发现,新《环保法》的实施显著提高了债券违约利差,对流动性利差未产生显著影响。机制检验表明,新《环保法》的实施对债券信用利差的提升作用主要通过处罚效应、投资者情绪效应以及资源效应来实现。异质性分析发现,新《环保法》的实施对债券信用利差的作用会随着客户集中度的降低、社会关注度的提高以及企业积极改善自身环境绩效而减弱。本文的研究对评估新《环保法》的经济效果,推动政策进一步精准发力,实现经济绿色转型具有一定的参考意义。

基于数据分析角度对年报数据质量提升的深度思考

随着互联网和信息技术的快速发展,数据逐渐成为数字化、网络化、智能化的基础,快速融入生产经营、政府管理等各个方面,深刻改变着生产方式、生活方式和社会治理方式。年报作为信用监管的基础性工作和经营主体数据信息的重要来源,其数据质量直接关系市场监管现代化建设成效,只有基于真实、准确、完整的高质量数据进行分析,才能作出更加精准的判断和更加有效的决策。因此,全面提升企业年报数据质量,才能不断推动信用监管数字化,为经济高质量发展提供源源不断的数据支撑和决策参考。本文在充分分析挖掘2022年度企业年报数据的基础上,对2022年度企业年报情况进行简要分析,通过分析对提升年报数据质量提出建议。

基于志愿者参与视角的乡村治理积分制的构建研究

乡村治理积分制作为一种新型的基层治理制度,是基层治理法治化上软法建设的重要一步,并在乡村振兴中取得了一定成效。但在实践过程中,由于发展的时间较短,乡村治理积分制还存在积分制范围不广、制度持续性不强和事务治理泛化的潜在问题。针对上述问题,文章基于志愿服务的理论分析,从模式构建、激励措施、监督管理和规则建设四个路径进行优化提升,构建基于志愿者参与视角的乡村治理积分制,达到提升乡村治理效能、推动乡村振兴的积极作用。