Physical （bodily） contact among children and parents every day varies and its effect relates to the all-round personality development of the child. The purpose of this study is to present the attitudes and opinions ...Physical （bodily） contact among children and parents every day varies and its effect relates to the all-round personality development of the child. The purpose of this study is to present the attitudes and opinions of sixth-grade elementary students with regard to how parents interact with them physically as well as how the children would like the corresponding interaction with their parents to develop. The methodology was based on a case study. Data collection was conducted via a questionnaire with closed questions, which was distributed in person to sixth-grade students at two primary schools in the prefecture of Thessaloniki. Some results of the study indicate that more often children positively receive the ways in which their parents interact with them physically and desire physical contact with their parents even at this age. The involvement of parents and children in the sacramental life of the church seems to have a positive effect on physical contact among them. Gradually, however, children distance themselves from their parents as they enter puberty and seek physical contact with their parents selectively and only on special occasions such as their birthdays.展开更多
Degraded broadcast channels(DBC) are a typical multiuser communication scenario, Semantic communications over DBC still lack in-depth research. In this paper, we design a semantic communications approach based on mult...Degraded broadcast channels(DBC) are a typical multiuser communication scenario, Semantic communications over DBC still lack in-depth research. In this paper, we design a semantic communications approach based on multi-user semantic fusion for wireless image transmission over DBC. The transmitter extracts semantic features for two users separately and then effectively fuses them for broadcasting by leveraging semantic similarity. Unlike traditional allocation of time, power, or bandwidth, the semantic fusion scheme can dynamically control the weight of the semantic features of the two users to balance their performance. Considering the different channel state information(CSI) of both users over DBC,a DBC-Aware method is developed that embeds the CSI of both users into the joint source-channel coding encoder and fusion module to adapt to the channel.Experimental results show that the proposed system outperforms the traditional broadcasting schemes.展开更多
The field of education is increasingly catching people’s eyes as more and more people become aware of its influence and significance on the young generation.Nevertheless,when it comes to the teaching and learning pro...The field of education is increasingly catching people’s eyes as more and more people become aware of its influence and significance on the young generation.Nevertheless,when it comes to the teaching and learning process,the role of nonverbal behavior is often neglected.Indeed,nonverbal behavior constitutes more than 90%of our daily communication,and it is also one vi⁃tal aspect in a classroom setting,which has the power of maintaining classroom order and the teacher-student relationships.Eye contact,one crucial part of nonverbal behavior,is a topic worth researching.The research focuses on the controversial topic that is based on a contrastive analysis of how eye contact functions differently in the western and non-western cultures.Theories of both western and non-western scholars are presented to rationalize why the use of direct and constant eye contact in a classroom context differs in the two cultures.More theories and practices are also cited to explain an apparent inconsistency,which is“teachers in both western and non-western cultures are encouraged to use direct and constant eye contacts in classes,while people in Asian countries tend to avoid direct eye contact”.展开更多
Reliable foot-to-ground contact state detection is crucial for the locomotion control of quadruped robots in unstructured environments.To improve the reliability and accuracy of contact detection for quadruped robots,...Reliable foot-to-ground contact state detection is crucial for the locomotion control of quadruped robots in unstructured environments.To improve the reliability and accuracy of contact detection for quadruped robots,a detection approach based on the probabilistic contact model with multi-information fusion is presented to detect the actual contact states of robotic feet with the ground.Moreover,a relevant control strategy to address unexpected early and delayed contacts is planned.The approach combines the internal state information of the robot with the measurements from external sensors mounted on the legs and feet of the prototype.The overall contact states are obtained by the classification of the model-based predicted probabilities.The control strategy for unexpected foot-to-ground contacts can correct the control actions of each leg of the robot to traverse cluttered environments by changing the contact state.The probabilistic model parameters are determined by testing on the single-leg experimental platform.The experiments are conducted on the experimental prototype,and results validate the contact detection and control strategy for unexpected contacts in unstructured terrains during walking and trotting.Compared with the body orientation under the time-based control method regardless of terrain,the root mean square errors of roll,pitch,and yaw respectively decreased by 60.07%,54.73%,and 64.50%during walking and 73.40%,61.49%,and 61.48%during trotting.展开更多
To accurately identify the potential contact loss of the China railway track system(CRTS)III prefabricated slab track,a finite element model with contact loss of self-compacting concrete(SCC)under transient impact was...To accurately identify the potential contact loss of the China railway track system(CRTS)III prefabricated slab track,a finite element model with contact loss of self-compacting concrete(SCC)under transient impact was established.Then the vertical accelerations near impact points on the track slab surface were extracted to obtain damage-sensitive indices in the time and frequency domains.The indices were initially normalized to obtain independent items of evidence before the Dempster-Shafer(D-S)evidence theory was used to fuse these into one.Finally,a two-stage identification was performed to identify the damaged SCC area,comprising a rough identification(Stage I)and a precise identification(Stage II).The research results show that the damage indices extracted based on the transient impact response change abruptly at the damage location,and that can be used for damage identification.However,the use of a single index to determine the damage of the impact point may be misjudged.In Stage I,five damage indices of acceleration were fused to magnify the difference between the damaged point and undamaged point,thereby improving the accuracy of finding damage.In Stage II,in the area where more impact points were added,a fusion of three indices of acceleration response,that is,the absolute mean of the time domain,the maximum amplitude of the frequency domain,and the power density ratio,further narrowed down the area where damage exists.As a result,when the contact loss of SCC is greater than 50%along the thickness direction,the identification accuracy can be as high as 70%to 80%.The two-stage identification method proposed in this study can greatly improve the efficiency of interlayer damage detection of slab tracks and is expected to provide effective technical support for damage identification of track structures in the future.展开更多
In this paper,a new filtering fusion problem is studied for nonlinear cyber-physical systems under errorvariance constraints and denial-of-service attacks.To prevent data collision and reduce communication cost,the st...In this paper,a new filtering fusion problem is studied for nonlinear cyber-physical systems under errorvariance constraints and denial-of-service attacks.To prevent data collision and reduce communication cost,the stochastic communication protocol is adopted in the sensor-to-filter channels to regulate the transmission order of sensors.Each sensor is allowed to enter the network according to the transmission priority decided by a set of independent and identicallydistributed random variables.From the defenders’view,the occurrence of the denial-of-service attack is governed by the randomly Bernoulli-distributed sequence.At the local filtering stage,a set of variance-constrained local filters are designed where the upper bounds(on the filtering error covariances)are first acquired and later minimized by appropriately designing filter parameters.At the fusion stage,all local estimates and error covariances are combined to develop a variance-constrained fusion estimator under the federated fusion rule.Furthermore,the performance of the fusion estimator is examined by studying the boundedness of the fused error covariance.A simulation example is finally presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed fusion estimator.展开更多
In Nigeria, almost 500 indigenous languages continue to compete with the English language that has assumed the status of a global linguistic code. The contact, in different domains between English and indigenous langu...In Nigeria, almost 500 indigenous languages continue to compete with the English language that has assumed the status of a global linguistic code. The contact, in different domains between English and indigenous languages in the country continues to affect performance in English and contact languages, making effective communication in either English or any of the indigenous languages unattainable. The purpose of this study is to show that although no particular document, so named, exists expressing the nation＇s policy on language, nonetheless, the country has a policy on language that accommodates the indigenous languages as substrates, while the English language holds sway in various linguistic domains. Using a simple descriptive survey with data from previous studies, this paper examines the linguistic implications of the contact between English and indigenous languages on the younger generations who are losing contact with the mother tongue, and also not demonstrating enough proficiency in the English language. It is recommended that the opportunities that competence and maturation afforded a second language learner should be latched onto to gain the needed proficiency in English thus making them effective bilinguals and communicators in a world that is fast becoming a global village, and the inhabitants global citizens.展开更多
This paper chiefly discusses the cultural conflicts and reconciliations between characters in The Joy Luck Club from an inter-cultural perspective and comes to a conclusion that the fusion of different cultures is a t...This paper chiefly discusses the cultural conflicts and reconciliations between characters in The Joy Luck Club from an inter-cultural perspective and comes to a conclusion that the fusion of different cultures is a tendency in the world.展开更多
The warm yellow symbolizes China,and cool blue the West.Based on the different geographical and psychological significances,there exists cultural disparity in behavioral patterns between these two color cultures,yet t...The warm yellow symbolizes China,and cool blue the West.Based on the different geographical and psychological significances,there exists cultural disparity in behavioral patterns between these two color cultures,yet their fusion can lead the world culture to a new stage—green culture,just as the mixing of yellow and blue in equal proportions produces peaceful and harmonious green.To the fatigued people,green culture is refreshment.Yellow Culture,Blue Culture and Green Culture will coexist in the world—these are the future cultures for the world.展开更多
Target signal acquisition and detection based on sonar images is a challenging task due to the complex underwater environment.In order to solve the problem that some semantic information in sonar images is lost and mo...Target signal acquisition and detection based on sonar images is a challenging task due to the complex underwater environment.In order to solve the problem that some semantic information in sonar images is lost and model detection performance is degraded due to the complex imaging environment,we proposed a more effective and robust target detection framework based on deep learning,which can make full use of the acoustic shadow information in the forward-looking sonar images to assist underwater target detection.Firstly,the weighted box fusion method is adopted to generate a fusion box by weighted fusion of prediction boxes with high confidence,so as to obtain accurate acoustic shadow boxes.Further,the acoustic shadow box is cut down to get the feature map containing the acoustic shadow information,and then the acoustic shadow feature map and the target information feature map are adaptively fused to make full use of the acoustic shadow feature information.In addition,we introduce a threshold processing module to improve the attention of the model to important feature information.Through the underwater sonar dataset provided by Pengcheng Laboratory,the proposed method improved the average accuracy by 3.14%at the IoU threshold of 0.7,which is better than the current traditional target detection model.展开更多
Destructive wildfires are becoming an annual event,similar to climate change,resulting in catastrophes that wreak havoc on both humans and the envir-onment.The result,however,is disastrous,causing irreversible damage t...Destructive wildfires are becoming an annual event,similar to climate change,resulting in catastrophes that wreak havoc on both humans and the envir-onment.The result,however,is disastrous,causing irreversible damage to the ecosystem.The location of the incident and the hotspot can sometimes have an impact on earlyfire detection systems.With the advancement of intelligent sen-sor-based control technologies,the multi-sensor data fusion technique integrates data from multiple sensor nodes.The primary objective to avoid wildfire is to identify the exact location of wildfire occurrence,allowingfire units to respond as soon as possible.Thus to predict the occurrence offire in forests,a fast and effective intelligent control system is proposed.The proposed algorithm with decision tree classification determines whetherfire detection parameters are in the acceptable range and further utilizes a fuzzy-based optimization to optimize the complex environment.The experimental results of the proposed model have a detection rate of 98.3.Thus,providing real-time monitoring of certain environ-mental variables for continuous situational awareness and instant responsiveness.展开更多
People with different cultural backgrounds would inevitably encounter contradictions and conflicts in their communication due to their different values and lifestyles.This paper draws on the research findings of high-...People with different cultural backgrounds would inevitably encounter contradictions and conflicts in their communication due to their different values and lifestyles.This paper draws on the research findings of high-low context and high-low power distance theories to analyze the cultural contradictions and conflicts in The Joy Luck Club.The result shows that mutual respect and understanding are needed in intercultural communication and to achieve cultural fusion,people should absorb new culture on the basis of inheriting their traditional culture.展开更多
The difference between the Chinese time view and the western time view originates from agricultural civilization＇s inertia and industrial civilization＇s feeling way. This time coordinate controls people＇s behavior,...The difference between the Chinese time view and the western time view originates from agricultural civilization＇s inertia and industrial civilization＇s feeling way. This time coordinate controls people＇s behavior, awareness of concepts, industrial relationship, interpersonal relationship and value orientation. Different cultures bred different time conceptions and time behaviors. This paper mainly talks about the aspects of their differences. When different time views are reflected in cross-cultural communication, conflicts and obstacles of interpersonal communication may arise. With the development of social economy and cultural communication, the time views of Chinese culture and western culture have impacts on each other and are gradually integrated with each other.展开更多
文摘Physical （bodily） contact among children and parents every day varies and its effect relates to the all-round personality development of the child. The purpose of this study is to present the attitudes and opinions of sixth-grade elementary students with regard to how parents interact with them physically as well as how the children would like the corresponding interaction with their parents to develop. The methodology was based on a case study. Data collection was conducted via a questionnaire with closed questions, which was distributed in person to sixth-grade students at two primary schools in the prefecture of Thessaloniki. Some results of the study indicate that more often children positively receive the ways in which their parents interact with them physically and desire physical contact with their parents even at this age. The involvement of parents and children in the sacramental life of the church seems to have a positive effect on physical contact among them. Gradually, however, children distance themselves from their parents as they enter puberty and seek physical contact with their parents selectively and only on special occasions such as their birthdays.
基金supported in part by National Key R&D Project of China (2023YFB2906201)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (62222111, 62125108 and 62431015)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities。
文摘Degraded broadcast channels(DBC) are a typical multiuser communication scenario, Semantic communications over DBC still lack in-depth research. In this paper, we design a semantic communications approach based on multi-user semantic fusion for wireless image transmission over DBC. The transmitter extracts semantic features for two users separately and then effectively fuses them for broadcasting by leveraging semantic similarity. Unlike traditional allocation of time, power, or bandwidth, the semantic fusion scheme can dynamically control the weight of the semantic features of the two users to balance their performance. Considering the different channel state information(CSI) of both users over DBC,a DBC-Aware method is developed that embeds the CSI of both users into the joint source-channel coding encoder and fusion module to adapt to the channel.Experimental results show that the proposed system outperforms the traditional broadcasting schemes.
文摘The field of education is increasingly catching people’s eyes as more and more people become aware of its influence and significance on the young generation.Nevertheless,when it comes to the teaching and learning process,the role of nonverbal behavior is often neglected.Indeed,nonverbal behavior constitutes more than 90%of our daily communication,and it is also one vi⁃tal aspect in a classroom setting,which has the power of maintaining classroom order and the teacher-student relationships.Eye contact,one crucial part of nonverbal behavior,is a topic worth researching.The research focuses on the controversial topic that is based on a contrastive analysis of how eye contact functions differently in the western and non-western cultures.Theories of both western and non-western scholars are presented to rationalize why the use of direct and constant eye contact in a classroom context differs in the two cultures.More theories and practices are also cited to explain an apparent inconsistency,which is“teachers in both western and non-western cultures are encouraged to use direct and constant eye contacts in classes,while people in Asian countries tend to avoid direct eye contact”.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52205059 and 52175050)the Graduate Innovation Special Fund Project of Jiangxi Province,China(Grant No.YC2021-B031).
文摘Reliable foot-to-ground contact state detection is crucial for the locomotion control of quadruped robots in unstructured environments.To improve the reliability and accuracy of contact detection for quadruped robots,a detection approach based on the probabilistic contact model with multi-information fusion is presented to detect the actual contact states of robotic feet with the ground.Moreover,a relevant control strategy to address unexpected early and delayed contacts is planned.The approach combines the internal state information of the robot with the measurements from external sensors mounted on the legs and feet of the prototype.The overall contact states are obtained by the classification of the model-based predicted probabilities.The control strategy for unexpected foot-to-ground contacts can correct the control actions of each leg of the robot to traverse cluttered environments by changing the contact state.The probabilistic model parameters are determined by testing on the single-leg experimental platform.The experiments are conducted on the experimental prototype,and results validate the contact detection and control strategy for unexpected contacts in unstructured terrains during walking and trotting.Compared with the body orientation under the time-based control method regardless of terrain,the root mean square errors of roll,pitch,and yaw respectively decreased by 60.07%,54.73%,and 64.50%during walking and 73.40%,61.49%,and 61.48%during trotting.
基金This work is supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Nos.2021YFF0502100 and 2021YFB2600900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52022085 and 52278461)the Sichuan Provincial Youth Science and Technology Innovation Team(No.2022JDTD0015),China.
文摘To accurately identify the potential contact loss of the China railway track system(CRTS)III prefabricated slab track,a finite element model with contact loss of self-compacting concrete(SCC)under transient impact was established.Then the vertical accelerations near impact points on the track slab surface were extracted to obtain damage-sensitive indices in the time and frequency domains.The indices were initially normalized to obtain independent items of evidence before the Dempster-Shafer(D-S)evidence theory was used to fuse these into one.Finally,a two-stage identification was performed to identify the damaged SCC area,comprising a rough identification(Stage I)and a precise identification(Stage II).The research results show that the damage indices extracted based on the transient impact response change abruptly at the damage location,and that can be used for damage identification.However,the use of a single index to determine the damage of the impact point may be misjudged.In Stage I,five damage indices of acceleration were fused to magnify the difference between the damaged point and undamaged point,thereby improving the accuracy of finding damage.In Stage II,in the area where more impact points were added,a fusion of three indices of acceleration response,that is,the absolute mean of the time domain,the maximum amplitude of the frequency domain,and the power density ratio,further narrowed down the area where damage exists.As a result,when the contact loss of SCC is greater than 50%along the thickness direction,the identification accuracy can be as high as 70%to 80%.The two-stage identification method proposed in this study can greatly improve the efficiency of interlayer damage detection of slab tracks and is expected to provide effective technical support for damage identification of track structures in the future.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62173068,61803074,61703245,61973102,U2030205,61903065,61671109,U1830207,U1830133)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2018M643441,2017M623005)+1 种基金the Royal Society of UKthe Alexander von Humboldt Foundation of Germany。
文摘In this paper,a new filtering fusion problem is studied for nonlinear cyber-physical systems under errorvariance constraints and denial-of-service attacks.To prevent data collision and reduce communication cost,the stochastic communication protocol is adopted in the sensor-to-filter channels to regulate the transmission order of sensors.Each sensor is allowed to enter the network according to the transmission priority decided by a set of independent and identicallydistributed random variables.From the defenders’view,the occurrence of the denial-of-service attack is governed by the randomly Bernoulli-distributed sequence.At the local filtering stage,a set of variance-constrained local filters are designed where the upper bounds(on the filtering error covariances)are first acquired and later minimized by appropriately designing filter parameters.At the fusion stage,all local estimates and error covariances are combined to develop a variance-constrained fusion estimator under the federated fusion rule.Furthermore,the performance of the fusion estimator is examined by studying the boundedness of the fused error covariance.A simulation example is finally presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed fusion estimator.
文摘In Nigeria, almost 500 indigenous languages continue to compete with the English language that has assumed the status of a global linguistic code. The contact, in different domains between English and indigenous languages in the country continues to affect performance in English and contact languages, making effective communication in either English or any of the indigenous languages unattainable. The purpose of this study is to show that although no particular document, so named, exists expressing the nation＇s policy on language, nonetheless, the country has a policy on language that accommodates the indigenous languages as substrates, while the English language holds sway in various linguistic domains. Using a simple descriptive survey with data from previous studies, this paper examines the linguistic implications of the contact between English and indigenous languages on the younger generations who are losing contact with the mother tongue, and also not demonstrating enough proficiency in the English language. It is recommended that the opportunities that competence and maturation afforded a second language learner should be latched onto to gain the needed proficiency in English thus making them effective bilinguals and communicators in a world that is fast becoming a global village, and the inhabitants global citizens.
文摘This paper chiefly discusses the cultural conflicts and reconciliations between characters in The Joy Luck Club from an inter-cultural perspective and comes to a conclusion that the fusion of different cultures is a tendency in the world.
文摘The warm yellow symbolizes China,and cool blue the West.Based on the different geographical and psychological significances,there exists cultural disparity in behavioral patterns between these two color cultures,yet their fusion can lead the world culture to a new stage—green culture,just as the mixing of yellow and blue in equal proportions produces peaceful and harmonious green.To the fatigued people,green culture is refreshment.Yellow Culture,Blue Culture and Green Culture will coexist in the world—these are the future cultures for the world.
基金This work is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant:62272109).
文摘Target signal acquisition and detection based on sonar images is a challenging task due to the complex underwater environment.In order to solve the problem that some semantic information in sonar images is lost and model detection performance is degraded due to the complex imaging environment,we proposed a more effective and robust target detection framework based on deep learning,which can make full use of the acoustic shadow information in the forward-looking sonar images to assist underwater target detection.Firstly,the weighted box fusion method is adopted to generate a fusion box by weighted fusion of prediction boxes with high confidence,so as to obtain accurate acoustic shadow boxes.Further,the acoustic shadow box is cut down to get the feature map containing the acoustic shadow information,and then the acoustic shadow feature map and the target information feature map are adaptively fused to make full use of the acoustic shadow feature information.In addition,we introduce a threshold processing module to improve the attention of the model to important feature information.Through the underwater sonar dataset provided by Pengcheng Laboratory,the proposed method improved the average accuracy by 3.14%at the IoU threshold of 0.7,which is better than the current traditional target detection model.
文摘Destructive wildfires are becoming an annual event,similar to climate change,resulting in catastrophes that wreak havoc on both humans and the envir-onment.The result,however,is disastrous,causing irreversible damage to the ecosystem.The location of the incident and the hotspot can sometimes have an impact on earlyfire detection systems.With the advancement of intelligent sen-sor-based control technologies,the multi-sensor data fusion technique integrates data from multiple sensor nodes.The primary objective to avoid wildfire is to identify the exact location of wildfire occurrence,allowingfire units to respond as soon as possible.Thus to predict the occurrence offire in forests,a fast and effective intelligent control system is proposed.The proposed algorithm with decision tree classification determines whetherfire detection parameters are in the acceptable range and further utilizes a fuzzy-based optimization to optimize the complex environment.The experimental results of the proposed model have a detection rate of 98.3.Thus,providing real-time monitoring of certain environ-mental variables for continuous situational awareness and instant responsiveness.
文摘People with different cultural backgrounds would inevitably encounter contradictions and conflicts in their communication due to their different values and lifestyles.This paper draws on the research findings of high-low context and high-low power distance theories to analyze the cultural contradictions and conflicts in The Joy Luck Club.The result shows that mutual respect and understanding are needed in intercultural communication and to achieve cultural fusion,people should absorb new culture on the basis of inheriting their traditional culture.
文摘The difference between the Chinese time view and the western time view originates from agricultural civilization＇s inertia and industrial civilization＇s feeling way. This time coordinate controls people＇s behavior, awareness of concepts, industrial relationship, interpersonal relationship and value orientation. Different cultures bred different time conceptions and time behaviors. This paper mainly talks about the aspects of their differences. When different time views are reflected in cross-cultural communication, conflicts and obstacles of interpersonal communication may arise. With the development of social economy and cultural communication, the time views of Chinese culture and western culture have impacts on each other and are gradually integrated with each other.
