Resonance From the Past to the Future:Mythological Metaphors in Chinese Science Fiction Films

This paper is centered on the extent to which contemporary Chinese science fiction is related to ancient Chinese mythologies according to the previous scholarly discussion and how these ancient mythologies are utilized specifically in the futuristic narratives of modern Chinese science fiction.By referring to academic dialogues,this paper argues that ancient mythologies can be recreated in modern science fiction and create modern mythologies in futuristic narratives to present or deal with modern human fears.Based on this argument,this paper then continues to explore what kinds of modern mythologies science fiction might deliver.The Chinese film The Wandering Earth(2019)will be discussed in terms of its mythological symbols and metaphors.This paper proposes a new approach through which to reconnect past stories with futuristic narratives and builds a frame in which to contextualize ancient mythologies in contemporary Chinese culture.

National Image Construction from the Perspective of Multimodal Metaphor-A Case Study of the Opening Ceremony of the Beijing Winter Olympics

The national image is a comprehensive concept with a distinct political feature,including the international image presented to the outside world,and also encompassing the national identity of the people.With the development of globalization,international cultural communication has become a crucial part of shaping the national image,and the opening ceremony of the Beijing Winter Olympics has become an important opportunity for China to showcase its national image to the world in the post-pandemic era.Based on Forceville’s multimodal metaphor theory,this paper examines the metaphorical phenomena contained in the performance and their functions,effects,and purposes in the construction of the national image.It is found that there are many scenes,images,and narratives in the opening ceremony,including war metaphor,competition metaphor,personification metaphor,and other conceptual metaphors.The focus of this paper is on multimodal metaphor in a broad sense,mainly encompassing auditory and visual modes.Through the use of these multimodal metaphors,the opening ceremony of the Winter Olympics builds an image of a vibrant,peace-loving,and responsible country,which not only demonstrates China’s cultural self-confidence,but also expresses the Chinese people’s beautiful vision for the early reunification of the motherland.

Use of metaphors when treating unexplained medical symptoms

The words one chooses to describe personal pain mirror current usage, but may also hold echoes of an individual’s lived experience. They may provide clues to the origin of physical symptoms that are medically hard to explain. The aim of this commentary is to propose, on the basis of the available literature, that verbal metaphors can prove effective in the psychotherapy of such conditions. I provide a case history of a 45 year old woman referred to psychiatry because of extreme ‘burning’ pain in her mouth and tongue. She had been to numerous doctors, had undergone a variety of tests, had tried many medical treatments, and had been prescribed a number of different pharmaceutical agents. She had changed her diet, done her daily dental mouth exercises, drunk a lot of water, but the burning continued and interfered, with her job(she was a teacher), her friendships, and her everyday life. This made her angry and recalcitrant to therapy, but the metaphor ‘burning with rage,’ as applicable to her pain, worked to establish a good alliance that led to a decrease of symptoms. Burning Mouth Syndrome is a medically unexplained condition of complex etiology that psychotherapy alone cannot reverse. The literature bears out, however, that the use of metaphors can help to open avenues of psychological exploration that accelerate adaptation to pain and improve quality life.

Cognitive View on Metaphor and Polysemy Learning

Language is a product of human cognition.It is of great importance and necessity to study the role of metaphor in foreign language learning and teaching.The paper is intended as a trial to develop a metaphorical cognitive approach to aid the learner of English as a foreign language,especially in polysemy learning since it has been a big problem in foreign language learning area.Metaphor plays a positive role and produces better results than the traditional approach in vocabulary learning.The metaphor approach is a powerful strategy in vocabulary comprehension,retention,and production.Teachers and researchers must shoulder the responsibility to carry out close examinations of linguistic metaphors instantiating the underlying conceptual metaphors by analyzing and establishing corpora to better established metaphor systems.

A Bibliometric Analysis of Research on Child Metaphor

concepts,and the rhetorical features in children’s written language.Additionally,there is a gap between the findings of international research and the verified results in the Chinese context.This study suggests that future research hotspots may include investigating the characteristics of metaphors produced by Chinese children of all ages,the creative use of language in L1 classroom discourse,and the cultivation of metaphorical ability.Chinese scholars may benefit from enhancing interdisciplinary cooperation in the study of metaphors of atypical children and exploring the common rules of human cognitive development.

Group Buying Broker of Shanghai:Deliberate Metaphors in Shanghai’s COVID-19 News Reports

The outbreak in Shanghai,China in 2022 brought huge challenges to this protracted battle against the epidemic.Based on the deliberate metaphor theory,this study uses the news reports of Shanghai’s fight against the COVID-19 pandemic as the corpus and uses quantitative and qualitative methods to analyze the types and characteristics of deliberate metaphors and its pragmatic purpose in a specific context.The results show that there are various types used in news reports,among which War metaphor,Climate metaphor and Education metaphor are used more.The deliberate metaphors makes the news more understandable attractively and pleasantly,thus evoking the emotional resonance of the public.

Deliberate Metaphor in Political Discourse——Based on Xi Jinping’s Diplomatic Discourse

Since Steen proposed the theory of deliberate metaphor, many scholars have studied this linguistic phenomenon from different perspectives. Deliberate metaphor, based on language and cognition, introduces communication into metaphor research and can be seen as an extension of conceptual metaphor. Deliberate metaphor is essentially a discourse strategy, which uses metaphorical expressions to make listeners consciously compare the target domain with the source domain and establish an online cross-domain mapping. In view of this, the author takes Xi Jinping’s diplomatic speeches published in FMA as research corpora, and systematically analyzes how deliberate metaphors play their persuasive and communicative functions in political discourse, and finally delves into whether deliberate nature in political metaphors affects people’s attitudes and beliefs, thus conducting cross fusion research on cognitive rhetoric and political discourse.

Study on the English Creative Noun-Noun Compounds:Based on Metaphorical Thinking

Creative N+N compounds,also known as metaphor or metonymy N+N compounds,are a productive approach to form new words.This category of words is large in number and semantically complex.Research has demonstrated that the creativity of creative N+N compounds stems from the abstract and figurative thinking of people’s cognitive mechanisms.Abstract thinking facilitates the construction of abstract concepts of nouns,while figurative thinking draws connections within and between noun concepts through association and imagination.Metaphor is a source of creative words and meanings,and Lakoff and Johnson’s conceptual metaphor theory is a favorable illustration of this innovative process.Additionally,it contributes to the development of cognitive thinking skills and creative abilities.The study of creative N+N compounds helps English learners expand their vocabulary,enhance their lexical sensitivity,and promote metaphorical thinking.From a cognitive linguistic perspective,this study focuses on the cognitive mechanisms of creative N+N compounds and reveals their advantageous implications for English vocabulary teaching.

Corpus-Driven Analysis of Conceptual Metaphor in Artificial Intelligence Language:A Sample of ChatGPT-Written Speeches

Based on Conceptual Metaphor Theory(CMT),this paper creates a tiny corpus of ChatGPT-written speeches.Through employing a corpus-driven approach,this study analyzes the identification and utilization of conceptual metaphors in artificial intelligence(AI)languages.The AI demonstrated its capacity to utilize metaphors in the metaphoric corpora through the display of diversity,non-arbitrariness,repetition,and intersectionality in the selection of source domains.It often uses vocabulary combinations with clear similarities to establish metaphorical meaning.In the literal sense,the outcomes of metaphor identification by artificial intelligence differ significantly from those of humans.Therefore,there is a need to develop advanced automatic models for identifying metaphors in order to enhance the precision of metaphor identification consistently.

A Study of the English Translation of Positive Emotions from the Perspective of Conceptual Metaphor

experience shared by human beings,but it is often expressed in the form of conceptual metaphor which is pervasive in the concrete language.Drawing upon the theory of conceptual metaphor and emotion metaphors,this paper aims to study the translation of positive emotions in David Hawkes’version of The Story of the Stone and the related daily expressions as the corpus.According to the theories,this paper categorizes the positive emotions metaphors into body metaphors,sensory metaphors,entity metaphors,and orientational metaphors to discuss the process of English translation and the metaphorical mechanism,analyzes the similarities and differences between Chinese and English expressions of positive emotions and their cultural,physiological,and psychological motives,and lastly attempts to summarize the translation strategies of emotional expressions.The analysis of metaphorical mechanisms reveals that the common physiological and psychological experiences of human beings and cultural exchanges give rise to similarities,while the unique cultural environments,antecedents,and historical development of each nation give rise to their distinctiveness.This paper concludes that translators need to make full use of their subjectivity,understand the surface and underlying meaning of the text,and establish a high level of mental compatibility between themselves,the readers,and the author.

莫高窟壁画文创产品转喻设计方法研究

立足当下国内各区域文旅发展需求,构建文创产品转喻设计创新方法,促进多样化设计方案生成,并满足消费者对文创产品的深度文化体验和情感共鸣需求。通过内涵外延传承说的类层级结构的建立,挖掘、构建文化目的域内涵项与外延项两者间的传承关系;通过转喻映射三层级的建立,得出产品源域的多个映射结果,最终产生多样化的设计方案,并应用于莫高窟文创产品设计实践中。在转喻认知相邻逻辑视角下建立的“用户”“文化”“文创产品”多路径认知关联,为用户深度认知莫高窟文化提供了新的思路与方法。

现代逻辑思维对诗性的背离与回归——从罗素、维特根斯坦到伽达默尔

亚里士多德创立的形式逻辑在原始思维中有其“互渗律”的起源,因而是基于语言本身的隐喻本性的,但直到康德,以往的隐喻都被理解为“使陌生变得熟悉”,成为形式逻辑的工具论,隐喻的“使熟悉变成陌生”的创新性一面却被忽视了。弗雷格和罗素等从逻辑中清除了陌生的东西,使之变得数理化、僵化而无创造性,必然遇到“罗素悖论”而无法自拔;维特根斯坦是一个转折,从早期的分析哲学的逻辑观到晚期摆脱工具主义而转向语言游戏,有了西方逻辑思维从背离诗性到回归诗性的苗头;最后,经过伽达默尔对这一苗头的修正和发挥,将其扩展为诠释学的“语言学转向”,为隐喻和诗性打开了一片广阔的天地。可惜,他受到海德格尔和基督教传统“圣言”的局限,最终未能就此将其创造性的对话学说提升到“语言学之后”的形而上学,而沉陷于传统存在论(本体论)的“物理学之后”中。

论先秦文献中时间概念的多重隐喻

中国人自古以来就善于从生活中的事物入手,用具体普遍的事物来表达不可言说的抽象概念。在认知能力有限的条件下,中国早期先民借助空间方位、客观实体实现了对抽象时间概念的具体化表达,并逐渐内化为人们对时间的自觉认知,这一实现过程正是隐喻作为思维方式的结果。先秦文献中对时间的隐喻主要包含对动态时间推移的表达,以及对静态历法、时令、四季节气的描述,形成“时间是空间”与“时间是客观实体”两个根本性隐喻。

马克思主义基本原理同中华优秀传统文化相结合的前提性省思——从五四时期“大同”观念的再出场说起

马克思主义基本原理之所以能够同中华优秀传统文化相结合,马克思主义行是前提性方面之一。五四时期,部分西方学说传入中国并与中国本土传统文化发生作用,以“大同”观念为代表,表达自身的革命精神和价值追求。广大知识分子面对接纳现代性与省思西方现代性的现实议题,受社会心理转变和推介核心价值观念的隐喻思维影响,纷纷试图采用“大同”观念解决时代问题。但因择取非科学的思想学说,不具备有效解决这些问题的理论空间,不仅未能带动传统观念发挥时代价值,而且使其落入倒退或空想的窠臼。马克思主义是科学真理,中国化时代化的马克思主义在中国根深叶茂,在于其升华了中华优秀传统文化的内容与形式,让传统文化发挥鼓舞群众实践的效力,使人民群众通过先进阶级语境中的传统观念理解、认同和运用指导思想,与时俱进地应对现实课题及社会心理转变,科学利用隐喻思维推动理论大众化。因此,坚持马克思主义在意识形态领域指导地位是“第二个结合”实现又一次思想解放、打开创新空间的根本要求。新时代新征程,“第二个结合”继承发展了科学的方法论,进行更多原创性理论探索和创新,回答了重大时代课题,进一步确证了民族标识和政党形象,承担世界责任、凝聚更为主动的精神力量。

能源危机政治漫画中蓄意隐喻的批评分析——以“健康与疾病”多模态隐喻场景为例

本文基于蓄意隐喻理论,构建批评隐喻场景分析框架,以能源危机漫画中的“健康与疾病”隐喻场景为例,考察多模态转喻、隐喻及叙事如何通过互动,建构危机中相关行为体的角色及相互关系,蓄意传达其社会交际功能。语料分析表明,该类漫画主要构建了三类蓄意隐喻场景:吸毒场景、治疗场景和伤亡场景,分别对应于危机话语修辞策略中的归因策略、应对策略和趋近化策略,讽刺批评欧盟在能源问题上的错误定位、荒唐应对和灾难后果。在认知机制上,该类漫画充分调动隐喻和转喻,借助场景中的角色关系、行为、后果等叙事要素,把危机置于个体生命框架进行反讽式建构,形象抨击危机相关行为体。但该类漫画仍囿于西方中心立场,对欧洲能源供应方相关国家进行妖魔化建构,体现了西方定势思维对隐喻选择和场景设置的操控。本文的批评蓄意隐喻分析,有助于进一步推动多模态认知研究与批评话语分析的融合,也可为新兴的能源话语研究提供一个新的研究视角。

欹器人性假设:一个动态的定量人性管理模型

欹器人性假设是一种融合的人性假设,从方法论的视角,综合方法是中国思维的长处,把握人性的整体性;分析方法是西方思维的优势,分解人性的定量性。从思想来源的视角,动态思想源于《易经》,定量模型源于西方科学。以欹器物理模型为原型,结合隐喻与管理、物理学方法,在西方管理理论中复杂人的基础之上,以《易经》的哲学思想和方法论,提出基于中国哲学的欹器人性假设,揭示创新与效率转化的内生机制,结论是欹器人性假设分为组织内的理想人性假设和组织外的现实人性假设,提示了组织演变微观的人的动力学机制。欹器人性假设是复杂人假设的修正,其理论意义是欹器人性假设具有演绎性,其实践意义是使得实现组织内各层次人的价值更具有操作性。

秦腔唱词中中国传统文化之隐喻性

戏曲文化是向世界展示中国文化魅力的窗口。秦腔作为中国最古老的戏曲之一,其文学性决定了秦腔唱词蕴含丰富的隐喻和中国传统文化。本文以认知语言学概念隐喻为理论基础,从方位隐喻、本体隐喻、结构隐喻三个层面探讨秦腔唱词隐喻现象以及中国传统文化表述之隐喻性,以更好地理解秦腔以及其他地方戏曲唱词深层的文化蕴意,讲好中国故事,传播中国传统文化。

生态女性主义的技术审视:批判、建构及理想

生态女性主义是一种从生态的角度来理解女性的人文思潮,它基于女性的自觉和本能,聚焦机器技术、军事技术和生育技术三个方面批判现代技术的资本主义父权属性。生态女性主义立足生态和生存进行技术建构,提倡以“生存生产”为内涵的技术经济模式、以“生态民主”为目标的技术政治理念,最终推动以“妇女友好”为主旨的技术文化实践。生态女性主义认为,理想的技术不仅是生态均衡的,也是性别均衡的,其最终指向是以妇女解放为前提的全人类解放。

从“隐喻”母题到“隐逸”主题——以《二十四史·隐逸列传》为分析路径

《二十四史·隐逸列传》是分析中国传统山水画“隐逸”主题的重要文献。尽管山水画的形态、风格固然众多,但图像的母题却是解读和阐释山水画主题的重要依据。如渔父、樵夫、蓧杖人等核心母题,具有隐喻性的文化特征,指向了隐逸主题。不同的母题(母题意象)组合,可能显现不一样的隐逸主题。母题的在场以及主题的出场,在不同时空的认知场域中有不同的结构与方式。有些母题可能是原隐喻的转喻,既是隐逸叙事的主题表达的依据,也是认定隐士身份的辅助性母题,如渔船、岩穴、茅舍、枯松、童子等母题。因而,核心母题与辅助性母题的配置与逻辑结构,构成山水画的隐逸主题。

早期儒家哲学中的教育隐喻探微

隐喻作为人类语言、认知、思维乃至“存在”中的重要议题,值得关注。基于汉字的独特表意系统,早期儒家以仁义为依归,以“成人”为宗旨,借助内发扩充和外铄转化诸种譬喻,殊途同归地辨析人接受教育而“作善”的可能性和必要性。儒家教育隐喻中常用的玉、水、木及禾四类典型意象,皆具鲜明的自然属性及农耕特色,被借以讨论教育活动作用的对象及预期的理想。在过程层面,儒家借助诸如染色、熏香、品味、射箭,以及绳墨、规矩、影子、回声等隐喻,揭示教育的渐进、隐微、互动及规范等特征,同时呈现儒家教育重视具身经验、强调反身而诚的特征。儒家将“教-育”与“学-习”可能达至的趣妙境界、理想人格的完成以及良善秩序的实现,进行关联性的整体论述,乃至揭示教育这种世俗活动中所蕴含的“内在超越”可能。隐喻语言有其不足,却又普遍泛在。教育研究应当舍离以神秘或鄙弃态度对待隐喻,尝试超越客观主义和主观主义的二元对立,从经验主义的角度切入,审视教育隐喻的指称内涵、生发机理及运用效果,同时留意辨析其内在限度。