Reasons for breaking of chemical bonds of gas molecules during movement of explosion products in cracks formed in rock mass

The purpose of this study was to develop a physico-mathematical model and technique for estimation of chemical bond stability depending on electric field intensity of an external point charge.A hypothesis for a possible physico-chemical mechanism of the formation of additional harmful gases in the rock destruction by blasting was proposed.The theoretical basis of the hypothesis is the method of theretical evaluation of bond energy depending on the distance to a point charge,the third Coulomb centre.The quantum-mechanical model for calculating the electronic terms of molecules makes it possible to solve problems associated with the determination of parameters of molecules under the action of various physical fields on the system under consideration.The model was approved for some diatomic molecules.The discrepancy between the experimental data and calculated data did not exceed 14%,which proves accuracy of the obtained results.The model can be used in the field of research into the causes of gas-dynamic phenomena in underground coal mines,in studies of the degree of stability of nanostructured components of coal under physical influences,and in the theoretical design of new compounds and structures in the field of nanomaterial science and nanotechnology.

Piston mechanism of interaction of non-linear geomechanical and physicochemical gas exchange and mass transfer processes in coal-bearing rocks

The article focuses on a theoretical and experimental framework for the quantification of interaction between nonlinear geomechnical and physicochemical processes in high-stress coal-bearing rock mass during mining under high seismic risk due to large-scale blasting and earthquakes,as well as because of structural and temperature effects.The tests were aimed to examine and study comprehensively the piston mechanism of gas exchange and mass transfer processes,revealed recently at the Institute of Mining,SB RAS,as well as to explain the fact that the earthquake-induced low-velocity(quasi-meter range)pendulum waves(velocity to 1 m/s and frequency of 0.5–5 Hz)could stimulate an increase in the gas content in coal mines.In order to perform laboratory investigation at the Institute of Mining SB RAS,special-purpose stand for analyzing gas exchange and mass transfer processes in coal-bearing geomaterials under various thermodynamic conditions(P,V,T)and gas composition was constructed in cooperation with the Institute of Semiconductors Physics SB RAS.Matching of air flow rate with compression pressures allowed to obtain relations showing that air flow rate increases at the uncertain time interval under the increasing of the compression pressure.The same measurements was carried out with another gases such as Hydrogen H_(2),Helium He,methane CH_(4),carbon dioxide CO_(2) and carbon oxide CO.The laboratory tests aimed to detailed investigation of the previously revealed“piston mechanism”of gas exchange and mass transfer processes in the coal specimens and their quantitative description in terms of theory of the pendulum waves were carried in the first time.Consequently,there are some arguments for the testing of the opportunity of quantitative description of the“piston mechanism”related to gas exchange and mass transfer processes in the scale of coal mines.It is relevant when pendulum waves induced by powerful earthquakes and technical blasting reaches the mine.

基于逾渗机理的含瓦斯煤体变形破坏机制及试验研究

针对含瓦斯煤岩在高应力环境下易发生松散破坏的问题,考虑煤体的多孔介质特征,研究了含瓦斯煤岩受应力扰动影响下的变形破坏规律。首先,基于逾渗理论提出了含瓦斯煤体的逾渗破坏概念,它的实质是含瓦斯煤岩发生逾渗行为后导致瓦斯突出使煤体失稳破坏过程中发生的一种动力破坏现象。然后通过理论分析了逾渗破坏分布区域并给出了逾渗破坏概率P_∞的计算公式,推导出了含瓦斯煤体的Biot型本构方程,表明含瓦斯煤体孔隙率与渗透系数和有效应力密切相关。结合含瓦斯煤体本构方程并在逾渗破坏区进行了应用,得到了逾渗破坏区半径R_p的计算公式。最后,对拟制备的含气类岩石试件进行了三轴压缩试验,试验结果表明:随着试件孔隙、裂隙增多,弹性模量和脆-延性破坏临界拐点应力值随之减小;同时,黏聚力和内摩擦角值随试件内部气体孔隙增加均不同程度的降低,导致逾渗破坏区半径增大,并且其影响程度会随内摩擦角和黏聚力的减小而增强。随着应力增加,试件内部孔隙、裂隙逐渐贯通,最终呈松散破坏即逾渗破坏。