In the 1960s,to prepare for war,China initiated a massive economic campaign known as“Third Front construction”(sanxian jianshe三线建设).Third Front construction was largely founded on manufacturing industry,transpor...In the 1960s,to prepare for war,China initiated a massive economic campaign known as“Third Front construction”(sanxian jianshe三线建设).Third Front construction was largely founded on manufacturing industry,transport,and national defense science and technology.It began to attract academic attention from the 1980s,and the relevant research has made rapid progress since the advent of the new century.Today,research efforts in this field mainly come from history,supplemented by other disciplines such as sociology,economics,geography,architecture and musicology.With the increasing integration of disciplines in the future,Third Front construction promises to be one of the most vigorous and creative areas in studies of contemporary Chinese history and contemporary China.展开更多
After its founding in 1949,the People’s Republic of China'started to modernize its fiscal system-an essential part of its broader modernization drive.Its unified and wellfunctioning fiscal system supported the st...After its founding in 1949,the People’s Republic of China'started to modernize its fiscal system-an essential part of its broader modernization drive.Its unified and wellfunctioning fiscal system supported the stability of the nascent government,and helped stabilize the economy and restore public order after then.In the era of the planned economy,public finance in the country was put at the service of economic plans while striving to reach a fiscal equilibrium,which was of great significance at that time.Economic equilibrium,including fiscal,credit and material equilibrium,was perceived as a manifestation of macroeconomic stability.Problems encountered during the era of the planned economy led to the launch of a reform and opening-up program-a brilliant chapter in modern Chinese history.The Third Plenum of the 11th CPC Central Committee marks a brand-new era of reform and opening-up.In this transformative period,China’s fiscal system was initially decentralized to keep abreast of its“planned commodity economy.”After the goal of socialist market economic reform was announced in 1992,China’s fiscal reforms embarked on a fast track.As China'strived to build a public finance system compatible with a socialist market economic system,fiscal reforms took place and fiscal policy played a more important role in macroeconomic regulation.The Third Plenum of the 18th CPC Central Committee held in November 2013 set the goal of the reform to establish a modern fiscal system.Afterwards,China deepened its fiscal reforms,focusing on budget management,taxation and reform of central-local fiscal relations.展开更多
基金This study is part of the results of the key program“Organization and Investigation of Materials on Small Third Front Construction”(13&ZD097)in 2013the key program“Protection and Innovation in the Use of the Third Front Industrial Legacy”(17ZD027)in 2017,both supported by the National Social Science Fund of China,as well as the key philosophy and social sciences program“Collection,Organization and Investigation of Historical Materials on Third Front Construction”(18JZD027)in 2018supported by the Ministry of Education.The author is also indebted to Chen Chao,Associate Professor at the Department of Comparative Politics,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,for his assistance in the study.
文摘In the 1960s,to prepare for war,China initiated a massive economic campaign known as“Third Front construction”(sanxian jianshe三线建设).Third Front construction was largely founded on manufacturing industry,transport,and national defense science and technology.It began to attract academic attention from the 1980s,and the relevant research has made rapid progress since the advent of the new century.Today,research efforts in this field mainly come from history,supplemented by other disciplines such as sociology,economics,geography,architecture and musicology.With the increasing integration of disciplines in the future,Third Front construction promises to be one of the most vigorous and creative areas in studies of contemporary Chinese history and contemporary China.
文摘After its founding in 1949,the People’s Republic of China'started to modernize its fiscal system-an essential part of its broader modernization drive.Its unified and wellfunctioning fiscal system supported the stability of the nascent government,and helped stabilize the economy and restore public order after then.In the era of the planned economy,public finance in the country was put at the service of economic plans while striving to reach a fiscal equilibrium,which was of great significance at that time.Economic equilibrium,including fiscal,credit and material equilibrium,was perceived as a manifestation of macroeconomic stability.Problems encountered during the era of the planned economy led to the launch of a reform and opening-up program-a brilliant chapter in modern Chinese history.The Third Plenum of the 11th CPC Central Committee marks a brand-new era of reform and opening-up.In this transformative period,China’s fiscal system was initially decentralized to keep abreast of its“planned commodity economy.”After the goal of socialist market economic reform was announced in 1992,China’s fiscal reforms embarked on a fast track.As China'strived to build a public finance system compatible with a socialist market economic system,fiscal reforms took place and fiscal policy played a more important role in macroeconomic regulation.The Third Plenum of the 18th CPC Central Committee held in November 2013 set the goal of the reform to establish a modern fiscal system.Afterwards,China deepened its fiscal reforms,focusing on budget management,taxation and reform of central-local fiscal relations.
