Objective:To investigate the necessary eligibility criteria for prescriptive authority for midwives,gather suggestions from experts on training content for prescriptive authority for midwives,and explore the scope of ...Objective:To investigate the necessary eligibility criteria for prescriptive authority for midwives,gather suggestions from experts on training content for prescriptive authority for midwives,and explore the scope of practice of their prescriptive authority in certain circumstances.The results of this study could serve as a reference for the development of policies on prescriptive authority for midwives.Methods:Based on a literature search and semistructured interviews,a modified Delphi method was first used to conduct 2 rounds of expert consultation on eligibility criteria and training content for prescriptive authority for midwives.This stage included nursing experts(20)and medical experts(16)engaged in midwifery in many tertiary Grade A hospitals in China.Subsequently,consultation on the scope of practice of prescriptive authority for midwives was conducted with nursing experts(18)and medical experts(14)engaged in midwifery in many tertiary Grade A hospitals in China.The suggestions from the experts were analyzed using statistical methods to confirm the eligibility criteria for prescriptive authority,training content,circumstances,scope of practice for prescriptive authority,and the prescription forms.Results:Among the consulted experts,70.59%(the highest acceptance rate)considered an undergraduate degree to be the minimum educational requirement for midwives to be eligible for prescriptive authority,85.29%(the highest acceptance rate)considered the supervisor nurse to be the minimum technical position experience necessary for midwives to be eligible for having prescriptive authority,and 50%(the highest acceptance rate)considered 5 years to be the minimum number of years of experience in the specialty for midwives to be eligible for prescriptive authority.The applicants should at least be practicing at Grade C hospitals,which was the consensus among 91.18%of the consulted experts.Among the consulted experts,100%,100%,97.06%,94.12%,and 94.12%agreed that the applicants should have knowledge in pharmacology,laws and ethics,nursing,diagnostics,and midwifery,respectively.The consulted experts confirmed 22 related course topics and identified 6 specific circumstances in which the midwives could partially practice prescriptive authority,including uterine atony,excessive uterine contraction,postpartum hemorrhage,premature rupture of fetal membranes,normal labor,and neonatal asphyxia.Under these 6 circumstances,the consulted experts commonly agreed that there were 20 medication prescriptions and 13 auxiliary examination prescriptions that could be prescribed by midwives.Of these prescriptions,51.5%were independent prescriptions,30.3%were protocol prescriptions,and the remaining 18.2%were both independent and protocol prescriptions.Conclusions:Midwives who have an undergraduate degree,supervisor nurse position,and 5 years of practice in Grade C hospitals are considered eligible to apply for prescriptive authority.Partial prescriptive authority could be granted after regulated training in fundamental theories and practices,which could improve the independence and professionalism of midwifery.展开更多
目的对基于社交媒体的乳腺癌相关内容分析研究进行范围综述。方法依据范围综述方法学框架,检索Web of Science、PubMed、Cochrane Library、CINAHL、Embase、中国知网、万方和中国生物医学数据库中的相关研究,检索时限为2013年1月1日-2...目的对基于社交媒体的乳腺癌相关内容分析研究进行范围综述。方法依据范围综述方法学框架,检索Web of Science、PubMed、Cochrane Library、CINAHL、Embase、中国知网、万方和中国生物医学数据库中的相关研究,检索时限为2013年1月1日-2023年1月1日,对纳入文献进行汇总和分析。结果最终纳入70篇文献,研究大多数来自美国,发表于2019-2022年。研究以乳腺癌患者或利益相关者作为研究对象,聚焦于社会支持、发帖内容准确性、治疗等主题,更多关注具有广泛受众的社交媒体平台Twitter、Facebook,和乳腺癌特异性社交媒体Breastcancer.org等,多数通过关键词、标签和算法检索帖子进行数据收集,根据帖子数量及研究目的选择人工处理、机器算法等形式,并从主题和情感2个主要维度开展文本、图像等的内容分析。结论目前基于社交媒体的乳腺癌相关内容分析研究关注社会支持和发帖内容的准确性等研究方向,数据分析方法涉及小样本手工分析和大样本机器学习,相关结果丰富了乳腺癌患者及其利益相关人群的需求和体验研究,可为基于患者报告的体验研究提供多样化的研究成果。后续研究可积极探索主流媒体中乳腺癌患者的真实需求及体验,具化各类群体的需求特征,从而基于社交媒体为乳腺癌群体建立精准化的信息服务方案。展开更多
基金project was supported by the Shanxi Province Soft Science Research Program in China(No.2017041041-1)
文摘Objective:To investigate the necessary eligibility criteria for prescriptive authority for midwives,gather suggestions from experts on training content for prescriptive authority for midwives,and explore the scope of practice of their prescriptive authority in certain circumstances.The results of this study could serve as a reference for the development of policies on prescriptive authority for midwives.Methods:Based on a literature search and semistructured interviews,a modified Delphi method was first used to conduct 2 rounds of expert consultation on eligibility criteria and training content for prescriptive authority for midwives.This stage included nursing experts(20)and medical experts(16)engaged in midwifery in many tertiary Grade A hospitals in China.Subsequently,consultation on the scope of practice of prescriptive authority for midwives was conducted with nursing experts(18)and medical experts(14)engaged in midwifery in many tertiary Grade A hospitals in China.The suggestions from the experts were analyzed using statistical methods to confirm the eligibility criteria for prescriptive authority,training content,circumstances,scope of practice for prescriptive authority,and the prescription forms.Results:Among the consulted experts,70.59%(the highest acceptance rate)considered an undergraduate degree to be the minimum educational requirement for midwives to be eligible for prescriptive authority,85.29%(the highest acceptance rate)considered the supervisor nurse to be the minimum technical position experience necessary for midwives to be eligible for having prescriptive authority,and 50%(the highest acceptance rate)considered 5 years to be the minimum number of years of experience in the specialty for midwives to be eligible for prescriptive authority.The applicants should at least be practicing at Grade C hospitals,which was the consensus among 91.18%of the consulted experts.Among the consulted experts,100%,100%,97.06%,94.12%,and 94.12%agreed that the applicants should have knowledge in pharmacology,laws and ethics,nursing,diagnostics,and midwifery,respectively.The consulted experts confirmed 22 related course topics and identified 6 specific circumstances in which the midwives could partially practice prescriptive authority,including uterine atony,excessive uterine contraction,postpartum hemorrhage,premature rupture of fetal membranes,normal labor,and neonatal asphyxia.Under these 6 circumstances,the consulted experts commonly agreed that there were 20 medication prescriptions and 13 auxiliary examination prescriptions that could be prescribed by midwives.Of these prescriptions,51.5%were independent prescriptions,30.3%were protocol prescriptions,and the remaining 18.2%were both independent and protocol prescriptions.Conclusions:Midwives who have an undergraduate degree,supervisor nurse position,and 5 years of practice in Grade C hospitals are considered eligible to apply for prescriptive authority.Partial prescriptive authority could be granted after regulated training in fundamental theories and practices,which could improve the independence and professionalism of midwifery.
文摘目的对基于社交媒体的乳腺癌相关内容分析研究进行范围综述。方法依据范围综述方法学框架,检索Web of Science、PubMed、Cochrane Library、CINAHL、Embase、中国知网、万方和中国生物医学数据库中的相关研究,检索时限为2013年1月1日-2023年1月1日,对纳入文献进行汇总和分析。结果最终纳入70篇文献,研究大多数来自美国,发表于2019-2022年。研究以乳腺癌患者或利益相关者作为研究对象,聚焦于社会支持、发帖内容准确性、治疗等主题,更多关注具有广泛受众的社交媒体平台Twitter、Facebook,和乳腺癌特异性社交媒体Breastcancer.org等,多数通过关键词、标签和算法检索帖子进行数据收集,根据帖子数量及研究目的选择人工处理、机器算法等形式,并从主题和情感2个主要维度开展文本、图像等的内容分析。结论目前基于社交媒体的乳腺癌相关内容分析研究关注社会支持和发帖内容的准确性等研究方向,数据分析方法涉及小样本手工分析和大样本机器学习,相关结果丰富了乳腺癌患者及其利益相关人群的需求和体验研究,可为基于患者报告的体验研究提供多样化的研究成果。后续研究可积极探索主流媒体中乳腺癌患者的真实需求及体验,具化各类群体的需求特征,从而基于社交媒体为乳腺癌群体建立精准化的信息服务方案。
