The updated United States Preventive Services Task Force(USPSTF) for prostate cancer in 2012 recommends against prostate-specific antigen(PSA) based screening for men of all ages. Prostate cancer is the second most co...The updated United States Preventive Services Task Force(USPSTF) for prostate cancer in 2012 recommends against prostate-specific antigen(PSA) based screening for men of all ages. Prostate cancer is the second most common and second most deadly cancer in American men. PSA screening for prostate cancer has been present since 1994 leading to an over diagnosis and over treatment of low volume disease. There is an overall agreement of men towards the guidelines but even with the understanding of the USPSTF, these men tend to follow more personal beliefs that have been influenced by their knowledge of the disease process and physician influence. Physicians also followed the directions of the patients and opted not to change their current practice of PSA screening despite the new guidelines. Time, legal, and ethical issues were some of the barriers that physicians faced in tailoring their practice towards screening. The importance of informed consent is highlighted by both the patients and the physicians and clearly more effective when the patient was pre-informed of the disease processand prompted the physicians to initiate conversation of informed screening. Younger patients were inclined towards aggressive treatment and older patients opted towards watchful waiting both with emphasis on the importance of evidence-based information provided by the physician. Decision aids were useful in making informed decisions and could be used to educate patients on screening purposes and treatment options. However, even with well-created decision aids and physician influence, patients' own belief system played a major part in healthcare decision making in either screening or treatment for prostate cancer.展开更多
The aim was to develop green strawberry varieties,control soil-borne diseases from facility strawberry continuous cropping,improve the safety and quality of strawberries and promote the healthy and stable development ...The aim was to develop green strawberry varieties,control soil-borne diseases from facility strawberry continuous cropping,improve the safety and quality of strawberries and promote the healthy and stable development of the strawberry industry. Based on the production practices in recent years,we summarized the physical-biological collaborative prevention and control technology for the disease of facility strawberry continuous cropping facilities,established the technical goals,the main types of soil-borne diseases,and the physical-biological collaborative control prevention and control technologies,mainly including the specific methods and technical points of solar high temperature disinfection technology and biological bacterial fertilizer（ agent） treatment technology.展开更多
目的:分析中医"治未病"理念在老年2型糖尿病患者延续护理中的应用价值。方法:选取84例2型糖尿病患者,随机均分为对照组与观察组,对照组给予常规延续护理,观察组在对照组基础上加用中医"治未病"理论指导,测定两组患...目的:分析中医"治未病"理念在老年2型糖尿病患者延续护理中的应用价值。方法:选取84例2型糖尿病患者,随机均分为对照组与观察组,对照组给予常规延续护理,观察组在对照组基础上加用中医"治未病"理论指导,测定两组患者空腹血糖(FBG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 h PG)、糖化血红蛋白(Hb A1c)的变化,比较护理前后两组患者自护能力及生活质量的改善情况,统计两组干预6个月内并发症发生率及再住院率。结果:(1)干预后,两组FBG、2 h PG均上升,与同组治疗前对比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但观察组FBG、2 h PG、Hb A1c上升幅度低于对照组(P<0.05);(2)干预后,两组自护能力量表及生活质量量表各维度评分均上升(P<0.05),观察组评分上升幅度高于对照组(P<0.05);(3)观察组并发症发生率略低于对照组,但对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但其再住院率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:在老年2型糖尿病患者延续护理中应用中医"治未病"理论,可提高患者血糖水平控制率,优化其自护能力,提高患者生活质量。展开更多
文摘The updated United States Preventive Services Task Force(USPSTF) for prostate cancer in 2012 recommends against prostate-specific antigen(PSA) based screening for men of all ages. Prostate cancer is the second most common and second most deadly cancer in American men. PSA screening for prostate cancer has been present since 1994 leading to an over diagnosis and over treatment of low volume disease. There is an overall agreement of men towards the guidelines but even with the understanding of the USPSTF, these men tend to follow more personal beliefs that have been influenced by their knowledge of the disease process and physician influence. Physicians also followed the directions of the patients and opted not to change their current practice of PSA screening despite the new guidelines. Time, legal, and ethical issues were some of the barriers that physicians faced in tailoring their practice towards screening. The importance of informed consent is highlighted by both the patients and the physicians and clearly more effective when the patient was pre-informed of the disease processand prompted the physicians to initiate conversation of informed screening. Younger patients were inclined towards aggressive treatment and older patients opted towards watchful waiting both with emphasis on the importance of evidence-based information provided by the physician. Decision aids were useful in making informed decisions and could be used to educate patients on screening purposes and treatment options. However, even with well-created decision aids and physician influence, patients' own belief system played a major part in healthcare decision making in either screening or treatment for prostate cancer.
基金Supported by the Comprehensive Treatment Technology Research and Development for Greenhouse Strawberry Successive Cropping Obstacles,the Agricultural Science and Technology Support Program of Jurong City(NY2016745091)the Integrated Demonstration of Green Control Technologies for Strawberry Pests and Diseases,the Demonstration and Promotion Project of Shanghai Municipal Agricultural Commission[Hunongketui Zi(2015)No.2-7]
文摘The aim was to develop green strawberry varieties,control soil-borne diseases from facility strawberry continuous cropping,improve the safety and quality of strawberries and promote the healthy and stable development of the strawberry industry. Based on the production practices in recent years,we summarized the physical-biological collaborative prevention and control technology for the disease of facility strawberry continuous cropping facilities,established the technical goals,the main types of soil-borne diseases,and the physical-biological collaborative control prevention and control technologies,mainly including the specific methods and technical points of solar high temperature disinfection technology and biological bacterial fertilizer（ agent） treatment technology.
文摘目的:分析中医"治未病"理念在老年2型糖尿病患者延续护理中的应用价值。方法:选取84例2型糖尿病患者,随机均分为对照组与观察组,对照组给予常规延续护理,观察组在对照组基础上加用中医"治未病"理论指导,测定两组患者空腹血糖(FBG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 h PG)、糖化血红蛋白(Hb A1c)的变化,比较护理前后两组患者自护能力及生活质量的改善情况,统计两组干预6个月内并发症发生率及再住院率。结果:(1)干预后,两组FBG、2 h PG均上升,与同组治疗前对比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但观察组FBG、2 h PG、Hb A1c上升幅度低于对照组(P<0.05);(2)干预后,两组自护能力量表及生活质量量表各维度评分均上升(P<0.05),观察组评分上升幅度高于对照组(P<0.05);(3)观察组并发症发生率略低于对照组,但对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但其再住院率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:在老年2型糖尿病患者延续护理中应用中医"治未病"理论,可提高患者血糖水平控制率,优化其自护能力,提高患者生活质量。
