Based on load-oriented manufacturing control theory,different combining modes and slab storage calculation method for continuous casting and hot rolling were discussed.The buffer capacity index of continuous casting-r...Based on load-oriented manufacturing control theory,different combining modes and slab storage calculation method for continuous casting and hot rolling were discussed.The buffer capacity index of continuous casting-rolling was introduced,and the reasonable slab storage under different combining modes was calculated with buffer capacity index of 120.00 hfor CCR,79.20 hfor HCR,19.68 hfor DHCR and 3.84 hfor DR.Thin slab is 1.20 h,and the strip is zero.Theory gist was provided for steel enterprise to decrease storage.展开更多
Combined with the technological characteristics of thin slab continuous rolling process (TSCR), dynamic recrystallization of an extremely coarse austenite of low carbon steel is studied by Thermecmaster-Z hot simula...Combined with the technological characteristics of thin slab continuous rolling process (TSCR), dynamic recrystallization of an extremely coarse austenite of low carbon steel is studied by Thermecmaster-Z hot simulator. By the analysis of true stress-strain curves and the observation of microstructures at different deformation stages, the critical stress and critical strain are determined under different deformation conditions. The effect of Z parameter on dynamic recrystallization of coarse austenite is studied. The microstructure evolution in real production is also discussed.展开更多
The direct rolling process for hot strip production,where the thin slab caster is connected directly to the mill,has gained market share rapidly because of its remarkable advantages in terms of energy savings and inve...The direct rolling process for hot strip production,where the thin slab caster is connected directly to the mill,has gained market share rapidly because of its remarkable advantages in terms of energy savings and investment cost over the conventional hot strip mills. However,the unquestionable advantages of the first-generation applications of this plant concept also entail significant limitations both in productivity and steel grades that can be produced. Since his first pioneering applications,Danieli considered strategic the development of new technical solutions specifically conceived to overcome these limitations with the goal of increasing plant production volumes and enlarging steel grade product mix,in order to cover the gap between "Conventional mill" and "Thin slab casting and rolling" process routes. In order to reach this goal,Danieli has developed a complete portfolio of plant lay outs adopting Thin Slab Casting and Rolling technologies,each of them conceived to guarantee the optimal CAPEX and OPEX parameters in fitting with market requirements our Customer intend to target.in terms of productivity,steel grades and coil dimension product mix. Danieli TSR(Thin Slab Rolling) fTSR(flexible Thins Slab Rolling) QSP(Quality Strip Production) and ETR(Extra Thin Rolling) plant configurations are analyzed in this paper. With this diversified approach,Danieli solutions are most appropriate answers to thin slab casting and rolling to produce hot rolled coils with superior quality and an extremely diversified range of steel grades. Already,this approach has allowed Danieli plants to:①exceed the threshold production of 3.0 Mt/a with 2 casting strands in operation as done in Tangshan Iron and Steel plant in P.R.China since 2005;②expand the product mix to include virtually all the steel grades used for flat product applications,including the most demanding ones,such as peritectic(in Essar Algoma Canada and Benxi Iron and Steel,China),micro-alloyed,and silicon steels,for the most sophisticated applications,such as automotive and pipe manufacturing,including Arctic applications,(as done in OMK plant in Russia);③extend the range of final strip thicknesses to include ultra thin gauges,down to 0.8 mm(as in Ezz Flat Steel,in Egypt).展开更多
A high speed steel composite roll billet was fabricated, which is regular in shape, smooth in surface, slight in trace, compact in internal structure, free of slag inclusion, shrinkage cavity, cracks and other flaws, ...A high speed steel composite roll billet was fabricated, which is regular in shape, smooth in surface, slight in trace, compact in internal structure, free of slag inclusion, shrinkage cavity, cracks and other flaws, and good in macro quality of junction surface using a vertical continuous casting machine. The interface zone microstructure of bimetallic in billet of high speed steel composite roll was analyzed by metallurgical microscope(OM), X-ray diffractmeter(XRD), scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis(EDS). The results indicate that the microstructure of roll billet is composed of chilled solidified layer, dendrite zone, interfacial zone of bimetal and core material zone. The microstructure of outer shell material is composed of martensite + bainite + residual austenite + some small labyrinth-shape, small-short lath-shape, or dollop-shape eutectic carbides. The microstructure of core material is slice-shape pearlite and a little ferrite along boundary of cells. The interface region microstructure of bimetallic composite roll consists of diffusion region, chilled solidified layer and columnar grain region.展开更多
A series of simulating experimental studies on the rheological behavior and its influential factors of aluminum alloy in continuous roll-casting process have been explored in this paper with a Gleeble-1500 Thermal-Mec...A series of simulating experimental studies on the rheological behavior and its influential factors of aluminum alloy in continuous roll-casting process have been explored in this paper with a Gleeble-1500 Thermal-Mechanical Simulation Tester and a set of special clamp system. Relevant rheological rules in the process of coupling transient solidification and continuous deformation of roll-casting conditions are obtained. Experimental results indicate that four different characteristic stages exist in the whole rheological process, and relative constitutive models suitable for the given conditions of continuous roll casting process have been established through multivariable linear regression analysis of the experimental data.展开更多
In continuous casting rolling process, the deformed body is different from the hot rolling strip. The metal in casting rolling zone is first assumed to be viscous fluid and the mathematical model of casting rolling fo...In continuous casting rolling process, the deformed body is different from the hot rolling strip. The metal in casting rolling zone is first assumed to be viscous fluid and the mathematical model of casting rolling force is established, then the calculating formula for casting rolling torque is derived. In addition, considering the effects of deforming cone and appendant torque of rotary junctions sealing ring, the calculating model which accords with casting rolling condition is found out. Theoretical formula is proved by experiment.展开更多
The rheological behavior of aluminum alloy and its influencing factors in physical simulation of continuous roll casting process were studied by using a Gleeble-1500 thermal-mechanical simulation tester with a set of ...The rheological behavior of aluminum alloy and its influencing factors in physical simulation of continuous roll casting process were studied by using a Gleeble-1500 thermal-mechanical simulation tester with a set of special clamp system. The relationships between the flow stress and the strain rate in the deformation process of simulating roll casting experiment were obtained. The results show that four different characteristic stages exist in the temperature range of the whole rheological process. The first occurs when the temperature is higher than 600 ℃, which belongs to the creep deformation stage; the second occurs when the temperature lies in the range of 500600 ℃, and it can be regarded as the high temperature and low stress level deformation stage; the third occurs when the temperature decreases to the range of 300500 ℃, it is considered to be the middle stress level deformation stage; the last occurs when the temperature is less than 300 ℃ and the strain rate is less than 1.00 s -1, it belongs to middle stress level deformation stage. But when the strain rate is larger than 1.00 s -1,it belongs to the high stress level deformation stage. And the relative constitutive models suitable for the four different stages of continuous roll casting process were established through multivariate linear regression analysis of the experimental data.展开更多
In order to improve the strip quality of continuous roll-casting process (CRP) of aluminum alloy, the investigations of the flow behavior within the metal pool, the heat transfer condition between roll and strip, the ...In order to improve the strip quality of continuous roll-casting process (CRP) of aluminum alloy, the investigations of the flow behavior within the metal pool, the heat transfer condition between roll and strip, the pouring temperature of molten alloy, the roll-casting speed and the control of the position of solidification final point are important. The finite volume method was applied to the analysis of the continuous roll-casting process. A two-dimensional incompressible non-Newtonian fluid flow with heat transfer was considered, which was described by the continuity equation, the Navier-Stokes equation and the energy equation. With this mathematical model, the flow patterns, temperature fields and solid fraction distributions in the metal pool between two rolls were simulated. From the calculated results, the effects of technical parameters to the position of solidification final point are obtained. The simulated results show that the roll-casting speed and pouring temperature have an enormous effect on the temperature distribution and the position of solidification final point.展开更多
Industrial trials were performed to study the evolution of inclusions in a pipeline steel during the continuous casting and hot rolling process.The main composition of inclusions changed from Al_(2)O_(3)-CaO in the li...Industrial trials were performed to study the evolution of inclusions in a pipeline steel during the continuous casting and hot rolling process.The main composition of inclusions changed from Al_(2)O_(3)-CaO in the liquid steel to Al_(2)O_(3)-CaO-CaS in the slab,and then to Al_(2)O_(3)-CaS in the rolled plate.Corresponding area fractions of inclusions increased from 47.0×10^(-6) to 76.7×10^(-6),and to 144.3×10^(-6).It was explained by thermodynamic calculations that the thermodynamic equilibrium between inclusions and the steel varied with the temperature.Element contents of Al,Ca,Mg,S,and O in the steel decreased during the solidification and cooling process.Due to the difference in the cooling rate,the transformation ratio of CaS increased from 61% at the slab surface to 95% in the slab center.It was also affected by the size of inclusions as smaller inclusions provided better kinetic conditions.Critical diameters of inclusions for the composition transformation were calculated.For the hot rolling process,the average aspect ratio of inclusions increased from 1.4 in the slab to 2.8 in the rolled plate.During the hot rolling process,a part of inclusions was crushed into small particles of CaS phase and Al_(2)O_(3)-CaO-MgO cores,leading to a decrease in CaS content of inclusions.展开更多
Fe-3Si steel strip was produced by thin slab casting and rolling (TSCR) process in the laboratory. The microstructure and texture of hot rolled strip by different total reduction and rolling schedules were observed ...Fe-3Si steel strip was produced by thin slab casting and rolling (TSCR) process in the laboratory. The microstructure and texture of hot rolled strip by different total reduction and rolling schedules were observed through EBSD technique and X-ray diffraction method. The rule of texture density for the a,ε and γ fibers was analyzed. When the total reduction was increased from 82.9% to 97.1%, the gradient of microstrueture and texture for A steel surface layer and center layer was found, {001}〈110〉 texture had higher intensity, and {001}〈110〉texture was changed to { 110 } 〈 001 〉 and { 112 } 〈 111 〉. The texture distribution with different reduction schedules for B steel was basically similar, but the Goss texture orientation density and volume fraction for B steel were higher, the hot rolling reduction schedule of C1 was effective for the formation of Goss texture. The research work was useful theoretical basis and reference data to develop electrical steel by thin slab continuous casting and direct rolling technology.展开更多
A grain-oriented silicon steel strip with AlN as main inhibitor was produced by thin slab casting and rolling(TSCR)process.The microstructure,texture and precipitates of the hot-rolled strip were investigated by use...A grain-oriented silicon steel strip with AlN as main inhibitor was produced by thin slab casting and rolling(TSCR)process.The microstructure,texture and precipitates of the hot-rolled strip were investigated by use of optical microscope(OM),X-ray diffractometer,transmission electron microscope(TEM)and energy dispersive spectroscope(EDS).The result shows that the microstructure and texture exhibit a through-thickness gradient similar to that of the hot-rolled strip produced by conventional high-temperature slab-reheating process;the preferred orientation varies from {110}〈001〉in the surface layer to{001}〈110〉in the center layer,and the Goss texture with a maximum intensity mainly concentrates on the surface layer.In addition,some other texture components,for example rotated Goss texture,form in the 1/4thickness layer,which are not observed in the hotrolled strip produced by conventional high-temperature slab-reheating process.The precipitates in the hot-rolled strip are mainly(Mn,Cu)S and AlN compound particles with dimension of 100-200 nm,and the fine precipitates are significantly less than that in the hot-rolled strip produced by conventional high-temperature slab-reheating process.Moreover,the areal density of the fine precipitates in the center layer is more than that in the surface layer.展开更多
The hot rolled strip of Fe-3Si steel was experimentally produced by thin slab casting and rolling(TSCR) process in the laboratory.The texture evolution rule was investigated during hot rolling and cold rolling.The t...The hot rolled strip of Fe-3Si steel was experimentally produced by thin slab casting and rolling(TSCR) process in the laboratory.The texture evolution rule was investigated during hot rolling and cold rolling.The texture distribution of cold rolled strips with four kinds of cold rolling reduction schedules was observed through X-ray diffraction method,and the orientation density variation of 1/16 layer,1/8 layer,1/4 layer,and 1/2 layer in thickness was analyzed.The cold rolled texture of steel A with four kinds of cold rolling reduction schedules was mainly composed of α and γ fibers.Cold rolling reduction ratio of 70% was more beneficial for obtaining more γ fibers.The γ fiber texture orientation density of {111}01-1 and {111}1-1-2 was the largest on the 1/8 layer and 1/4 layer and the least on the 1/16 layer and 1/2 layer for steel B.The texture orientation density of {001}-{223}11-0 in the α fibers for steel C was increased,but the texture orientation density of {332}-{110}11-0 was low.展开更多
It is expected that the welding hardfacing of continuous casting rolls has better welding performance and higher wear resistance. A new type of submerged-arc hardfacing flux-cored wire has been developed through nitro...It is expected that the welding hardfacing of continuous casting rolls has better welding performance and higher wear resistance. A new type of submerged-arc hardfacing flux-cored wire has been developed through nitrogen replacing part of carbon and addition of the nitrogen-fixing elements of niobium and titanium. And microstructure, degree of hardness and high-temperature wear resistance of its deposited metal samples were also investigated. It is found that the microstructure is martensite, residual austenite and carbonitride precipitates. As a result, the hardfacing metal with homogeneous distribution of very fine carbonitride particles had high hardness and excellent wear-re- sisting property during high-temperature wear, which could significantly extend the service life of continuous casting rolls.展开更多
Based on load-oriented manufacturing control theory, different combining modes and slab storage calculation method for continuous casting and hot rolling were discussed. The buffer capacity index of continuous casting...Based on load-oriented manufacturing control theory, different combining modes and slab storage calculation method for continuous casting and hot rolling were discussed. The buffer capacity index of continuous casting-rolling was introduced, and the reasonable slab storage under different combining modes was calculated with buffer capacity index of 120.00 h for CCR, 79.20 h for HCR, 19.68 h for DHCR and 3.84 h for DR. Thin slab is 1.20 h, and the strip is zero. Theory gist was provided for steel enterprise to decrease storage.展开更多
The electromagnetic field and flow analysis model were developed to simulate the electromagnetic field and the flow pattern in a vertical curved continuous slab caster with the in-roll type strand electromagnetic stir...The electromagnetic field and flow analysis model were developed to simulate the electromagnetic field and the flow pattern in a vertical curved continuous slab caster with the in-roll type strand electromagnetic stirring. The transient electromagnetic field distribution and the induced electromagnetic force were numerically described. The effects of stirring current, stirring frequency, and different stirrer configurations on the electromagnetically driven flow field in the strand were investigated and the optimization of the stirring parameters was discussed by performing a relative comparison of numerical results. Results show that the in-roller type strand electromagnetic stirrer (S- EMS) pair generates the fluctuating magnetic fields, penetrating through the cast slab and periodically parallel shift- ing along the slab wide face w!th time evolution. The transient induced electromagnetic forces travels toward the magnetic flux shifting direction, Different stirring parameters (i. e. current and frequency) and stirrer configurations affect the stirring strength and the flow rbcirculation pattern in the strand, which are closely related to metallurgical performances of the stirrers. There is an optimum frequency to obtain the maximum stirring. The present model pro vides a relatively theoretical insight into the in-roll type strand electromagnetic stirring system for best operating.展开更多
This paper reviews recent developments in the contin- uous processing of steels in Japan.The following items are discussed:continuous casting-direct rolling(CC-DR) process of hot-rolled strip:thermomechanical control ...This paper reviews recent developments in the contin- uous processing of steels in Japan.The following items are discussed:continuous casting-direct rolling(CC-DR) process of hot-rolled strip:thermomechanical control process(TMCP)of heavy plates:in—line heat treating pro- cess of rails:direct lead patenting(DLP)process of wire rods;and fully integrated processing line(FIPL)of cold-rolled strip.展开更多
文摘Based on load-oriented manufacturing control theory,different combining modes and slab storage calculation method for continuous casting and hot rolling were discussed.The buffer capacity index of continuous casting-rolling was introduced,and the reasonable slab storage under different combining modes was calculated with buffer capacity index of 120.00 hfor CCR,79.20 hfor HCR,19.68 hfor DHCR and 3.84 hfor DR.Thin slab is 1.20 h,and the strip is zero.Theory gist was provided for steel enterprise to decrease storage.
文摘Combined with the technological characteristics of thin slab continuous rolling process (TSCR), dynamic recrystallization of an extremely coarse austenite of low carbon steel is studied by Thermecmaster-Z hot simulator. By the analysis of true stress-strain curves and the observation of microstructures at different deformation stages, the critical stress and critical strain are determined under different deformation conditions. The effect of Z parameter on dynamic recrystallization of coarse austenite is studied. The microstructure evolution in real production is also discussed.
文摘The direct rolling process for hot strip production,where the thin slab caster is connected directly to the mill,has gained market share rapidly because of its remarkable advantages in terms of energy savings and investment cost over the conventional hot strip mills. However,the unquestionable advantages of the first-generation applications of this plant concept also entail significant limitations both in productivity and steel grades that can be produced. Since his first pioneering applications,Danieli considered strategic the development of new technical solutions specifically conceived to overcome these limitations with the goal of increasing plant production volumes and enlarging steel grade product mix,in order to cover the gap between "Conventional mill" and "Thin slab casting and rolling" process routes. In order to reach this goal,Danieli has developed a complete portfolio of plant lay outs adopting Thin Slab Casting and Rolling technologies,each of them conceived to guarantee the optimal CAPEX and OPEX parameters in fitting with market requirements our Customer intend to target.in terms of productivity,steel grades and coil dimension product mix. Danieli TSR(Thin Slab Rolling) fTSR(flexible Thins Slab Rolling) QSP(Quality Strip Production) and ETR(Extra Thin Rolling) plant configurations are analyzed in this paper. With this diversified approach,Danieli solutions are most appropriate answers to thin slab casting and rolling to produce hot rolled coils with superior quality and an extremely diversified range of steel grades. Already,this approach has allowed Danieli plants to:①exceed the threshold production of 3.0 Mt/a with 2 casting strands in operation as done in Tangshan Iron and Steel plant in P.R.China since 2005;②expand the product mix to include virtually all the steel grades used for flat product applications,including the most demanding ones,such as peritectic(in Essar Algoma Canada and Benxi Iron and Steel,China),micro-alloyed,and silicon steels,for the most sophisticated applications,such as automotive and pipe manufacturing,including Arctic applications,(as done in OMK plant in Russia);③extend the range of final strip thicknesses to include ultra thin gauges,down to 0.8 mm(as in Ezz Flat Steel,in Egypt).
基金Project(200809123) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘A high speed steel composite roll billet was fabricated, which is regular in shape, smooth in surface, slight in trace, compact in internal structure, free of slag inclusion, shrinkage cavity, cracks and other flaws, and good in macro quality of junction surface using a vertical continuous casting machine. The interface zone microstructure of bimetallic in billet of high speed steel composite roll was analyzed by metallurgical microscope(OM), X-ray diffractmeter(XRD), scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis(EDS). The results indicate that the microstructure of roll billet is composed of chilled solidified layer, dendrite zone, interfacial zone of bimetal and core material zone. The microstructure of outer shell material is composed of martensite + bainite + residual austenite + some small labyrinth-shape, small-short lath-shape, or dollop-shape eutectic carbides. The microstructure of core material is slice-shape pearlite and a little ferrite along boundary of cells. The interface region microstructure of bimetallic composite roll consists of diffusion region, chilled solidified layer and columnar grain region.
基金supported by the National High Technical Reasearch and Development Programme of China(No.19990604906).
文摘A series of simulating experimental studies on the rheological behavior and its influential factors of aluminum alloy in continuous roll-casting process have been explored in this paper with a Gleeble-1500 Thermal-Mechanical Simulation Tester and a set of special clamp system. Relevant rheological rules in the process of coupling transient solidification and continuous deformation of roll-casting conditions are obtained. Experimental results indicate that four different characteristic stages exist in the whole rheological process, and relative constitutive models suitable for the given conditions of continuous roll casting process have been established through multivariable linear regression analysis of the experimental data.
文摘In continuous casting rolling process, the deformed body is different from the hot rolling strip. The metal in casting rolling zone is first assumed to be viscous fluid and the mathematical model of casting rolling force is established, then the calculating formula for casting rolling torque is derived. In addition, considering the effects of deforming cone and appendant torque of rotary junctions sealing ring, the calculating model which accords with casting rolling condition is found out. Theoretical formula is proved by experiment.
文摘The rheological behavior of aluminum alloy and its influencing factors in physical simulation of continuous roll casting process were studied by using a Gleeble-1500 thermal-mechanical simulation tester with a set of special clamp system. The relationships between the flow stress and the strain rate in the deformation process of simulating roll casting experiment were obtained. The results show that four different characteristic stages exist in the temperature range of the whole rheological process. The first occurs when the temperature is higher than 600 ℃, which belongs to the creep deformation stage; the second occurs when the temperature lies in the range of 500600 ℃, and it can be regarded as the high temperature and low stress level deformation stage; the third occurs when the temperature decreases to the range of 300500 ℃, it is considered to be the middle stress level deformation stage; the last occurs when the temperature is less than 300 ℃ and the strain rate is less than 1.00 s -1, it belongs to middle stress level deformation stage. But when the strain rate is larger than 1.00 s -1,it belongs to the high stress level deformation stage. And the relative constitutive models suitable for the four different stages of continuous roll casting process were established through multivariate linear regression analysis of the experimental data.
基金Projects(50374014 50674017) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘In order to improve the strip quality of continuous roll-casting process (CRP) of aluminum alloy, the investigations of the flow behavior within the metal pool, the heat transfer condition between roll and strip, the pouring temperature of molten alloy, the roll-casting speed and the control of the position of solidification final point are important. The finite volume method was applied to the analysis of the continuous roll-casting process. A two-dimensional incompressible non-Newtonian fluid flow with heat transfer was considered, which was described by the continuity equation, the Navier-Stokes equation and the energy equation. With this mathematical model, the flow patterns, temperature fields and solid fraction distributions in the metal pool between two rolls were simulated. From the calculated results, the effects of technical parameters to the position of solidification final point are obtained. The simulated results show that the roll-casting speed and pouring temperature have an enormous effect on the temperature distribution and the position of solidification final point.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51874031,U1860206 and 51725402)the High Steel Center at Yanshan University and University of Science and Technology Beijing.
文摘Industrial trials were performed to study the evolution of inclusions in a pipeline steel during the continuous casting and hot rolling process.The main composition of inclusions changed from Al_(2)O_(3)-CaO in the liquid steel to Al_(2)O_(3)-CaO-CaS in the slab,and then to Al_(2)O_(3)-CaS in the rolled plate.Corresponding area fractions of inclusions increased from 47.0×10^(-6) to 76.7×10^(-6),and to 144.3×10^(-6).It was explained by thermodynamic calculations that the thermodynamic equilibrium between inclusions and the steel varied with the temperature.Element contents of Al,Ca,Mg,S,and O in the steel decreased during the solidification and cooling process.Due to the difference in the cooling rate,the transformation ratio of CaS increased from 61% at the slab surface to 95% in the slab center.It was also affected by the size of inclusions as smaller inclusions provided better kinetic conditions.Critical diameters of inclusions for the composition transformation were calculated.For the hot rolling process,the average aspect ratio of inclusions increased from 1.4 in the slab to 2.8 in the rolled plate.During the hot rolling process,a part of inclusions was crushed into small particles of CaS phase and Al_(2)O_(3)-CaO-MgO cores,leading to a decrease in CaS content of inclusions.
基金Item Sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China(50534020)
文摘Fe-3Si steel strip was produced by thin slab casting and rolling (TSCR) process in the laboratory. The microstructure and texture of hot rolled strip by different total reduction and rolling schedules were observed through EBSD technique and X-ray diffraction method. The rule of texture density for the a,ε and γ fibers was analyzed. When the total reduction was increased from 82.9% to 97.1%, the gradient of microstrueture and texture for A steel surface layer and center layer was found, {001}〈110〉 texture had higher intensity, and {001}〈110〉texture was changed to { 110 } 〈 001 〉 and { 112 } 〈 111 〉. The texture distribution with different reduction schedules for B steel was basically similar, but the Goss texture orientation density and volume fraction for B steel were higher, the hot rolling reduction schedule of C1 was effective for the formation of Goss texture. The research work was useful theoretical basis and reference data to develop electrical steel by thin slab continuous casting and direct rolling technology.
基金funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China(51274155)Provincial Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province of China(2014CFB819)
文摘A grain-oriented silicon steel strip with AlN as main inhibitor was produced by thin slab casting and rolling(TSCR)process.The microstructure,texture and precipitates of the hot-rolled strip were investigated by use of optical microscope(OM),X-ray diffractometer,transmission electron microscope(TEM)and energy dispersive spectroscope(EDS).The result shows that the microstructure and texture exhibit a through-thickness gradient similar to that of the hot-rolled strip produced by conventional high-temperature slab-reheating process;the preferred orientation varies from {110}〈001〉in the surface layer to{001}〈110〉in the center layer,and the Goss texture with a maximum intensity mainly concentrates on the surface layer.In addition,some other texture components,for example rotated Goss texture,form in the 1/4thickness layer,which are not observed in the hotrolled strip produced by conventional high-temperature slab-reheating process.The precipitates in the hot-rolled strip are mainly(Mn,Cu)S and AlN compound particles with dimension of 100-200 nm,and the fine precipitates are significantly less than that in the hot-rolled strip produced by conventional high-temperature slab-reheating process.Moreover,the areal density of the fine precipitates in the center layer is more than that in the surface layer.
基金Item Sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China(50534020)
文摘The hot rolled strip of Fe-3Si steel was experimentally produced by thin slab casting and rolling(TSCR) process in the laboratory.The texture evolution rule was investigated during hot rolling and cold rolling.The texture distribution of cold rolled strips with four kinds of cold rolling reduction schedules was observed through X-ray diffraction method,and the orientation density variation of 1/16 layer,1/8 layer,1/4 layer,and 1/2 layer in thickness was analyzed.The cold rolled texture of steel A with four kinds of cold rolling reduction schedules was mainly composed of α and γ fibers.Cold rolling reduction ratio of 70% was more beneficial for obtaining more γ fibers.The γ fiber texture orientation density of {111}01-1 and {111}1-1-2 was the largest on the 1/8 layer and 1/4 layer and the least on the 1/16 layer and 1/2 layer for steel B.The texture orientation density of {001}-{223}11-0 in the α fibers for steel C was increased,but the texture orientation density of {332}-{110}11-0 was low.
基金Item Sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China (51101050)Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities of China (2009B30214)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China (BK2011257)
文摘It is expected that the welding hardfacing of continuous casting rolls has better welding performance and higher wear resistance. A new type of submerged-arc hardfacing flux-cored wire has been developed through nitrogen replacing part of carbon and addition of the nitrogen-fixing elements of niobium and titanium. And microstructure, degree of hardness and high-temperature wear resistance of its deposited metal samples were also investigated. It is found that the microstructure is martensite, residual austenite and carbonitride precipitates. As a result, the hardfacing metal with homogeneous distribution of very fine carbonitride particles had high hardness and excellent wear-re- sisting property during high-temperature wear, which could significantly extend the service life of continuous casting rolls.
基金Item Sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China(50175095)
文摘Based on load-oriented manufacturing control theory, different combining modes and slab storage calculation method for continuous casting and hot rolling were discussed. The buffer capacity index of continuous casting-rolling was introduced, and the reasonable slab storage under different combining modes was calculated with buffer capacity index of 120.00 h for CCR, 79.20 h for HCR, 19.68 h for DHCR and 3.84 h for DR. Thin slab is 1.20 h, and the strip is zero. Theory gist was provided for steel enterprise to decrease storage.
文摘The electromagnetic field and flow analysis model were developed to simulate the electromagnetic field and the flow pattern in a vertical curved continuous slab caster with the in-roll type strand electromagnetic stirring. The transient electromagnetic field distribution and the induced electromagnetic force were numerically described. The effects of stirring current, stirring frequency, and different stirrer configurations on the electromagnetically driven flow field in the strand were investigated and the optimization of the stirring parameters was discussed by performing a relative comparison of numerical results. Results show that the in-roller type strand electromagnetic stirrer (S- EMS) pair generates the fluctuating magnetic fields, penetrating through the cast slab and periodically parallel shift- ing along the slab wide face w!th time evolution. The transient induced electromagnetic forces travels toward the magnetic flux shifting direction, Different stirring parameters (i. e. current and frequency) and stirrer configurations affect the stirring strength and the flow rbcirculation pattern in the strand, which are closely related to metallurgical performances of the stirrers. There is an optimum frequency to obtain the maximum stirring. The present model pro vides a relatively theoretical insight into the in-roll type strand electromagnetic stirring system for best operating.
文摘This paper reviews recent developments in the contin- uous processing of steels in Japan.The following items are discussed:continuous casting-direct rolling(CC-DR) process of hot-rolled strip:thermomechanical control process(TMCP)of heavy plates:in—line heat treating pro- cess of rails:direct lead patenting(DLP)process of wire rods;and fully integrated processing line(FIPL)of cold-rolled strip.