Crystallization growth of single-crystal Cu by continuous casting has been investigated using self-designed horizontal continuous casting equipment and XRD. Experimental results showed that the crystallization plane o...Crystallization growth of single-crystal Cu by continuous casting has been investigated using self-designed horizontal continuous casting equipment and XRD. Experimental results showed that the crystallization plane of (311), (220) and (ill) were eliminated sequentially in evolutionary process. The final growth plane of crystal was (200), the direction of crystallization was [100], the growth direction of both sides of the rod inclined to axis, and the degree of deviation of direction [100] from the crystal axis was less than 10°. In order to produce high quality single crystal, the solid-liquid interface morphology must be smooth, even be planar.展开更多
In situ microscopic imaging is a useful tool in monitoring crystallization processes,including crystal nucleation,growth,aggregation and breakage,as well as possible polymorphic transition.To convert the qualitative i...In situ microscopic imaging is a useful tool in monitoring crystallization processes,including crystal nucleation,growth,aggregation and breakage,as well as possible polymorphic transition.To convert the qualitative information to be quantitative for the purpose of process optimization and control,accurate analysis of crystal images is essential.However,the accuracy of image segmentation with traditional methods is largely affected by many factors,including solid concentration and image quality.In this study,the deep learning technique using mask region-based convolutional neural network(Mask R-CNN)is investigated for the analysis of on-line images from an industrial crystallizer of 10 m^(3) operated in continuous mode with high solid concentration and overlapped particles.With detailed label points for each crystal and transfer learning technique,two models trained with 70,908 and 7,709 crystals respectively are compared for the effect of training data amount.The former model effectively segments the aggregated and overlapped crystals even at high solid concentrations.Moreover,it performs much better than the latter one and traditional multi-scale method both in terms of precision and recall,revealing the importance of large number of crystals in deep learning.Some geometrical characteristics of segmented crystals are also analyzed,involving equivalent diameter,circularity,and aspect ratio.展开更多
In this work, a liquid-gas heterogeneous microreactor was developed for investigating continuous crystallization of dolutegravir sodium(DTG), as well as revealing reaction kinetics and mixing mechanism with 3-min data...In this work, a liquid-gas heterogeneous microreactor was developed for investigating continuous crystallization of dolutegravir sodium(DTG), as well as revealing reaction kinetics and mixing mechanism with 3-min data acquisition. The reaction kinetics models were established by visually recording the concentration variation of reactants over time in the microchannel via adding pH-sensitive fluorescent dye. The mixing intensification mechanism of liquid-gas flow was quantified through the fluorescent signal to indicate mixing process, demonstrating an outstanding mixing performance with a mixing time less than 0.1 s. Compared with batch crystallization, continuous synthesis of dolutegravir sodium using liquid-gas heterogenous microreactor optimizes crystal distribution size, and successfully modifies the crystal morphology in needle-like habit instead of rod-like habit. The microreactor continuous crystallization can run for 5 h without crystal blockage and achieve D90 of DTG less than 30 μm. This work provides a feasible approach for continuously synthesizing dolutegravir sodium, and can optimize the existing pharmaceutical crystallization.展开更多
A two-dimensional heat transfer model was developed to calculate the mould wall temperature field under normal operations condition and to determine its changing behavior when breakout occured. On the numerical simula...A two-dimensional heat transfer model was developed to calculate the mould wall temperature field under normal operations condition and to determine its changing behavior when breakout occured. On the numerical simulation of sticking type breakout process and the breakout related wall temperature evolution, parameters of prediction were suggested.展开更多
Dedicated position sensitive gamma-ray detectors based on position sensitive photomultiplier tubes (PSPMTs) coupled to scintillation crystals, have been used for the construction of compact gamma-ray imaging systems...Dedicated position sensitive gamma-ray detectors based on position sensitive photomultiplier tubes (PSPMTs) coupled to scintillation crystals, have been used for the construction of compact gamma-ray imaging systems, suitable for nuclear medical imaging applications such as small animal imaging and single organ imaging and scintimammography. In this work, the performance of two gamma-ray detectors: a continuous YAP scintillation crystal coupled to a Harnamastu R2486 PSPMT and a pixellated NaI(TI) scintillation array crystal coupled to the same PSPMT, is compared. The results show that the gamma-ray detector based on a pixellated NaI(TI) scintillation array crystal is a promising candidate for nuclear medical imaging applications, since their performance in terms of position linearity, spatial resolution and effective field of view (FOV) is superior than that of the gamma-ray detector based on a continuous YAP scintillation crystal. However, a better photodetector (Hamamatau H8500 Flat Panel PMT, for example) coupled to the continuous crystal is also likely a good selection for nuclear medicine imaging applications.展开更多
文摘Crystallization growth of single-crystal Cu by continuous casting has been investigated using self-designed horizontal continuous casting equipment and XRD. Experimental results showed that the crystallization plane of (311), (220) and (ill) were eliminated sequentially in evolutionary process. The final growth plane of crystal was (200), the direction of crystallization was [100], the growth direction of both sides of the rod inclined to axis, and the degree of deviation of direction [100] from the crystal axis was less than 10°. In order to produce high quality single crystal, the solid-liquid interface morphology must be smooth, even be planar.
基金Financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant No.61633006)is acknowledged。
文摘In situ microscopic imaging is a useful tool in monitoring crystallization processes,including crystal nucleation,growth,aggregation and breakage,as well as possible polymorphic transition.To convert the qualitative information to be quantitative for the purpose of process optimization and control,accurate analysis of crystal images is essential.However,the accuracy of image segmentation with traditional methods is largely affected by many factors,including solid concentration and image quality.In this study,the deep learning technique using mask region-based convolutional neural network(Mask R-CNN)is investigated for the analysis of on-line images from an industrial crystallizer of 10 m^(3) operated in continuous mode with high solid concentration and overlapped particles.With detailed label points for each crystal and transfer learning technique,two models trained with 70,908 and 7,709 crystals respectively are compared for the effect of training data amount.The former model effectively segments the aggregated and overlapped crystals even at high solid concentrations.Moreover,it performs much better than the latter one and traditional multi-scale method both in terms of precision and recall,revealing the importance of large number of crystals in deep learning.Some geometrical characteristics of segmented crystals are also analyzed,involving equivalent diameter,circularity,and aspect ratio.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(No.19ZR1472200)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22178072)。
文摘In this work, a liquid-gas heterogeneous microreactor was developed for investigating continuous crystallization of dolutegravir sodium(DTG), as well as revealing reaction kinetics and mixing mechanism with 3-min data acquisition. The reaction kinetics models were established by visually recording the concentration variation of reactants over time in the microchannel via adding pH-sensitive fluorescent dye. The mixing intensification mechanism of liquid-gas flow was quantified through the fluorescent signal to indicate mixing process, demonstrating an outstanding mixing performance with a mixing time less than 0.1 s. Compared with batch crystallization, continuous synthesis of dolutegravir sodium using liquid-gas heterogenous microreactor optimizes crystal distribution size, and successfully modifies the crystal morphology in needle-like habit instead of rod-like habit. The microreactor continuous crystallization can run for 5 h without crystal blockage and achieve D90 of DTG less than 30 μm. This work provides a feasible approach for continuously synthesizing dolutegravir sodium, and can optimize the existing pharmaceutical crystallization.
文摘A two-dimensional heat transfer model was developed to calculate the mould wall temperature field under normal operations condition and to determine its changing behavior when breakout occured. On the numerical simulation of sticking type breakout process and the breakout related wall temperature evolution, parameters of prediction were suggested.
基金Supported by National Nature Science Foundation of China (10275063)
文摘Dedicated position sensitive gamma-ray detectors based on position sensitive photomultiplier tubes (PSPMTs) coupled to scintillation crystals, have been used for the construction of compact gamma-ray imaging systems, suitable for nuclear medical imaging applications such as small animal imaging and single organ imaging and scintimammography. In this work, the performance of two gamma-ray detectors: a continuous YAP scintillation crystal coupled to a Harnamastu R2486 PSPMT and a pixellated NaI(TI) scintillation array crystal coupled to the same PSPMT, is compared. The results show that the gamma-ray detector based on a pixellated NaI(TI) scintillation array crystal is a promising candidate for nuclear medical imaging applications, since their performance in terms of position linearity, spatial resolution and effective field of view (FOV) is superior than that of the gamma-ray detector based on a continuous YAP scintillation crystal. However, a better photodetector (Hamamatau H8500 Flat Panel PMT, for example) coupled to the continuous crystal is also likely a good selection for nuclear medicine imaging applications.