Continuous positive airway pressure for treating hypoxemia due to pulmonary vein injury:A case report

BACKGROUND Vascular injury during thoracoscopic surgery for esophageal cancer is a rare but life-threatening complication that can lead to severe hypotension and hypoxemia.Anesthesiologists need to provide rapid and effective treatment to save patients'lives.CASE SUMMARY A 54-year-old male patient was scheduled to undergo a thoracoscopic-assisted radical resection of esophageal cancer through the upper abdomen and right chest.While dissociating the esophagus from the carina through the right chest,unexpected profuse bleeding occurred from a suspected pulmonary vascular hemorrhage.While the surgeon attempted to achieve hemostasis,the patient developed severe hypoxemia.The anesthesiologist implemented continuous positive airway pressure(CPAP)using a bronchial blocker(BB),which effectively improved the patient’s oxygenation and the operation was completed success-fully.CONCLUSION CPAP using a BB can resolve severe hypoxemia caused by accidental injury of the left inferior pulmonary vein during surgery.

Bi-level Nasal Positive Airway Pressure(BiPAP)versus Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure(CPAP)for Preterm Infants with Birth Weight Less Than 1500g and Respiratory Distress Syndrome Following INSURE Treatment:A Two-center Randomized Controlled Trial

The present study aimed to examine the effectiveness of bi-level positive airway pressure(BiPAP)versus continuous positive airway pressure(CPAP)in preterm infants with birth weight less than 1500 g and respiratory distress syndrome(RDS)following intubation-surfactant-extubation(INSURE)treatment.A two-center randomized control trial was performed.The primary outcome was the reintubation rate of infants within 72 h of age after INSURE.Secondary outcomes included bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD),necrotizing enterocolitis(NEC),retinopathy of prematurity(ROP)and incidences of adverse events.Lung function at one year of corrected age was also compared between the two groups.There were 140 cases in the CPAP group and 144 in the BiPAP group.After INSURE,the reintubation rates of infants within 72 h of age were 15%and 11.1%in the CPAP group and the BiPAP group,respectively(P>0.05).Neonates in the BiPAP group was on positive airway pressure(PAP)therapy three days less than in the CPAP group(12.6 d and 15.3 d,respectively,P<0.05),and on oxygen six days less than in the CPAP group(20.6 d and 26.9 d,respectively,P<0.05).Other outcomes such as BPD,NEC,ROP and feeding intolerance were not significantly different between the two groups(P>0.05).There was no difference in lung function at one year of age between the two groups(P>0.05).In conclusion,after INSURE,the reintubation rate of infants within 72 h of age was comparable between the BiPAP group and the CPAP group.BiPAP was superior to CPAP in terms of shorter durations(days)on PAP support and oxygen supplementation.There were no differences in the incidences of BPD and ROP,and lung function at one year of age between the two ventilation methods.

Continuous positive airway pressure to improve insulin resistance and glucose homeostasis in sleep apnea

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome(OSAS)is a relatively common disorder in the adult population.It is associated with alterations in glucose metabolism and increases the risk for diabetes mellitus.Continuous positive airway pressure(CPAP)is the treatment of choice for OSAS.It may also have a favorable effect on insulin resistance and glucose metabolism,although relevant data is conflicting.Additional research is still needed to fully establish the effect of CPAP on glucose homeostasis.It should ascertain which patients may benefit most and how long treatment takes to induce favorable changes.Finally,patient compliance is being appreciated as a major factor influencing therapeutic outcomes,and this needs to be further examined.

Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Effectively Alleviates Arrhythmias in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea:Possible Relationship with Counteracting Oxidative Stress

This work is aimed at exploring the clinical efficacy of continuous positive airway pressuie(CPAP)in treatment of patients with arrhythmias combined with obstructive sleep apnea(OSA).Through evaluating serum native thiol,malonaldehyde(MDA)and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase(NADPH oxidase)in these patients and describing the effects on oxidative parameters of CPAP therapy for 3 months,we confirmed the impact of oxidative stress on arrhythmias.A total of 64 patients with OSA combined with arrhythmias were collected from April 2014 to April 2017 with full clinical information.Patients were divided into two groups(paired experiment design):32 patients in group A(control group),who received unchanged anti-arrhythmia treatment and 32 patients in group B,who were subjected to unchanged pharmacological anti-arrhythmia therapy combined with CPAP.OSA related parameters were compared between the two groups after 3-month therapy.And the levels of parameters of oxidative stress in patients were measured before and after CPAP therapy.After 3 months of CPAP therapy,compared with the control group,the percentage of sage N3(NREM 3)and stage R(REM)in total sleep time was significantly increased,while apnea-hypopnea index(AHI)and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale(ESS)score were evidently decreased.Meanwhile,the lowest oxygen saturation(LSpCh)was also elevated after CPAP treatment for 3 months.The CPAP therapy significantly prevented the occurrence of arrhythmias(P<0.05).Both the MDA level and NADPH oxidase levels were significantly lower in the group B than in the group A(P<0.05).But serum native thiol was improved by CPAP treatment(P<0.05).In conclusion,proper use of CPAP therapy provides significant benefits for the treatment of arrhythmia in patients with OSA.

Sildenafil versus continuous positive airway pressure for erectile dysfunction in men with obstructive sleep apnea： a comparat-ive study of their efficacy and safety and the patient＇s satisfaction with treatment

Aim： To assess the efficacy of sildenafil and continuous positive airway pressure （CPAP） in the treatment of concurrent erectile dysfunction （ED） with obstructive sleep apnea （OSA）, and to gauge the level of treatment satisfaction in patients and their partners. Methods： Forty men were treated for 12 weeks with sildenafil 100 mg （20 men） or CPAP during nighttime sleep （20 men）. Treatment efficacy was assessed by the rate of successful intercourse attempts, and satisfaction with treatment was assessed by patients＇ and partners＇ answers to question 1 of the Erectile Dysfunction Inventory of Treatment Satisfaction. Results： Under sildenafil, 128 of 249 （51.4%） intercourse attempts were successful; under CPAP, 51 of 193 （26.9%） attempts were successful （^cp 〈 0.001）. Erectile function was improved in both groups. After sildenafil and CPAP treatment, the mean International Index for Erectile Function domain scores were 14.3 and 10.8, respectively （^bp = 0.025）, compared to 7.8 and 7 at baseline, respectively. CPAP and sildenafil were well tolerated. Sporadic episodes of nasal dryness under CPAP and transient headache and flushing under sildenafil were not significant. Fifty percent of patients treated with sildenafil and 25% with CPAP were satisfied with the treatment, and their partners were equally satisfied. The satisfaction scores for both patients and partners under sildenafil were superior to those under CPAP （^cP 〈 0.002）. Conclusion： Both sildenafil 100 mg and CPAP, used separately, had positive therapeutic impact but sildenafil was superior. Patients and their partners were more satisfied with sildenafil for the treatment of ED. However, because of the high proportion of dissatisfied men and partners, new therapeutic agents or a combination of the two methods must be studied further.

Relationship between intubation rate and continuous positive airway pressure therapy in the prehospital setting

BACKGROUND: To determine whether the prehospital use of continuous positive airway pressure(CPAP) therapy is associated with a reduced rate of endotracheal intubation in patients with an acute respiratory disorder brought to the emergency department(ED).METHODS: We reviewed medical records of patients with acute respiratory distress who had been treated with CPAP in the Mobile Intensive Care Unit(MICU) from January 2010 to December 2011. These records were compared with those of patients who received standardized care without CPAP in the MICU from January 2004 to December 2004. Categorical variables were summarized as frequencies and compared between groups using Fisher's exact test or the Chi-square test. Continuous variables were summarized as medians(interquartile range), and comparison between the groups was made using Wilcoxon's rank-sum test. The relationship between CPAP and intubation rate was determined using multivariable logistic regression analysis of propensity scores. The results were presented as odds ratio(OR), 95% confidence interval(CI), and P value for test effect. The adequacy of the model was calibrated using Hosmer and Lemeshow's goodness-of-fit test. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.RESULTS: The records of 785 patients were reviewed. Of the 215 patients treated with CPAP in the MICU, 13% were intubated after admission. In contrast, of the 570 patients who did not receive CPAP, 28% were intubated after ED admission. Unadjusted logistic regression analysis showed that patients who had been treated with CPAP were less likely to be intubated than those without CPAP treatment(OR=0.37, 95% CI, 0.24–0.57, P<0.0001). With propensity scores adjusted, multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that CPAP treatment was associated with a 62% reduction of intubation(OR=0.384, 95%CI, 0.25–0.60, P≤0.0001).CONCLUSIONS: In patients with acute respiratory disorder, there was a relationship between CPAP therapy and the decreased intubation rate. CPAP therapy was feasible in prehospital management of patients with respiratory distress.

Impact of continuous positive airway pressure therapy for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with obstructive sleep apnea

BACKGROUND Obstructive sleep apnea(OSA)has been suggested as an independent risk factor for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD),and continuous positive airway pressure(CPAP)is the first-line therapy for OSA.AIM To clarify the efficacy of effective CPAP therapy on NAFLD of OSA patients by serum markers and transient elastography(TE)using FibroScan®(Echosens,Paris,France).METHODS We prospectively enrolled 123 consecutive patients with OSA who met the indications for CPAP.Liver fibrosis and steatosis were assessed using TE.Before and after 6 mo of CPAP therapy,serum markers and TE were assessed for all patients.The mean usage rate of CPAP therapy for 6 mo was arbitrarily calculated in each patient and expressed as“mean compliance index”(m-CI).RESULTS In 50 OSA patients with NAFLD,both aspartate aminotransferase(AST)and alanine aminotransferase(ALT)levels were significantly decreased after 6 mo of CPAP therapy.Univariate analysis showed that decreased body weight(BW),decreased body mass index(BMI),decreased AST level,decreased hemoglobin A1c,and high m-CI were significantly related with improved ALT level.In multivariate regression model adjusted for quantities of BW change during 6 mo of CPAP therapy,high m-CI tended to improve ALT level(P=0.051).All 17 OSA patients with NAFLD,high m-CI and no BMI changes showed significant improvements in AST and ALT levels.Meanwhile,no significant changes in TE data or serum fibrosis markers were seen.CONCLUSION Some NAFLD could be associated with chronic intermittent hypoxia due to OSA independent of BW changes.In those cases,adequate reoxygenation from effective CPAP therapy may improve NAFLD.

Effect of continuous positive airway pressure ventilation on nocturnal ST-segment changes in patients with sleep-disordered breathing

Objective To determine whether sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) may lead to nocturnal myocardial ischemia and whether the severity of this ischemia may be relieved by nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). Methods Overnight polysomnogram examination and simultaneous 3-channel Holter monitoring were performed on 76 patients with moderate to severe SDB and no history of coronary heart disease. All the cases were treated with CPAP for one night. ST depression was defined as a ST segment decrease of more than 1 mm from baseline and lasting 1 min or more. The total duration (minutes) of ST depression was indexed to the total sleep time (minutes per hour of sleep). Results Twenty-eight patients (37%) showed ST segment depression during their sleep. Before CPAP treatment, the respiratory disturbance index (RDI) and arousal index were significantly higher during periods of ST depression than when ST segments were isoelectric, whereas no significant difference was found in blood oxygen saturation (SaO2). After the CPAP treatment of patients with ST depression, the duration of ST depression was significantly reduced from 36.8±18.9 to 11.4±13.2 min/h (P<0.05). ST depression-related indexes, including RDI, arousal index and the percentage of sleep time spent at SaO2 below 90% (TS90/ TST), were all significantly decreased, with RDI from 63.4±23.8 to 8.1±6.6 /h, arousal index from 51.2±18.9 to 9.6±5.4 /h, and TS90/ TST from 50.6±21.4 to 12.9±14.7% (P<0.05). Conclusion ST-segment depression is rather common in patients with moderate to severe SDB, and CPAP treatment can significantly reduce the duration of ST depression. ST depression in these patients may reflect the myocardial ischemia that really exists and the non-ischemic changes associated with recurrent SDB.

Clinical efficacy of mask continuous positive airway pressure mechanical ventilation in children with severe pneumonia

Objective: To investigate the clinical effects of the mask continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) mechanical ventilation in children with severe pneumonia. Methods: A total of 100 cases of children with severe pneumonia were randomly divided into two groups, study group with 50 children and control group with 50 children. These 100 children were given comprehensive treatment measures: treatment of anti-infection, anti-respiratory failure, anti-heart failure (if necessary), relieving cough and reducing sputum, aerosol inhalation, limited fluid volume, nutrition support etc. Children in the study group were added mask continuous positive airway pressure mechanical ventilation (CPAP). Children in the control group were added ordinary mask oxygen inhalation. Investigated and checked the treatment effect in these two groups. Results: After treatment, SaO2, PaO2 in both two groups were showed significantly higher than before the treatment. PaO2 of the study group is obviously higher than the control group. The oxygen inhalation time of the study group was obviously lesser than the control group. The total effective rate of the study group was significantly higher than the control group which was 96.0% vs 66.0%. Conclusion: The mask continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) mechanical ventilation can significantly improve the related symptoms and blood gas status of the children with severe pneumonia, shorten the oxygen inhalation time and had remarkable effect.

Changes in Brachial and Central Blood Pressure after Short Term Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Treatment of Patients with Moderate-to-Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnoea and Impaired Renal Function

Background: Previous studies of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment for obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) have shown conflicting results on the effect on blood pressure (BP), and patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have not been included in these studies. As OSA is a frequent comorbidity in patients with CKD, it is of relevance to evaluate the effect of CPAP treatment on BP in this population. Aim: In this prospective follow-up study, we measured the effect of short term CPAP treatment of moderate-to-severe OSA on brachial and central BP, plasma level of syndecan-1 and vasoactive hormones, renal handling of sodium, subjective sleepiness, and quality of life in patients with impaired renal function. Methods: From December 2015 until March 2017, 25 patients were invited to participate in the study at the University Clinic in Nephrology and Hypertension, Aarhus University and Holstebro Hospital. At baseline and at follow-up after three to four months of CPAP treatment, we performed 24 h brachial and central ambulatory BP measurement, blood sampling measurements of plasma concentrations of syndecan-1, renin, angiotensin II, aldosterone, vasopressin, creatinine, haemoglobin A1c, and cholesterol, cardio respiratory monitoring, 24 h urine collection for measurement of urinary excretion of albumin, aquaporin-2, and epithelial sodium channel, Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and SF-36 (quality of life). Results: At follow-up, the 17 included patients with mean baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate 66 mL/min/1.73 m2 had a significant decrease in systolic office-, 24 h- and daytime-BP (13, 7, and 8 mmHg, respectively, p Conclusion: Short-term CPAP treatment of patients with moderate-to-severe OSA and reduced renal function decreased 24 h- and daytime-BP significantly and reduced urinary albumin excretion. Our results underline the importance of treatment of OSA in hypertensive patients with impaired renal function.

NCPAP序贯高流量鼻导管湿化氧疗治疗新生儿肺炎合并呼吸衰竭效果

目的:探究经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)序贯高流量鼻导管湿化氧疗(HHFNC)治疗新生儿肺炎合并呼吸衰竭(RF)效果。方法:选取2019年1月-2023年3月本院接受治疗的肺炎合并RF新生儿102例,随机分为常规组(NCPAP序贯常规鼻导管吸氧治疗)和观察组(NCPAP序贯HHFNC治疗)各51例,比较两组治疗后临床症状消失时间,治疗24 h后血气指标、炎症因子水平、免疫功能。结果:治疗后临床症状消失时间观察组短于常规组;治疗24 h后,两组血氧分压、氧合指数及pH水平均升高且观察组(76.36±7.28 mmHg、204.75±20.15mmHg、7.25±0.59)均高于常规组(72.57±7.05mmHg、193.07±19.47mmHg、6.93±0.51),呼吸频率(51.43±3.67次/min)低于常规组(53.82±4.16次/min),两组炎症因子及免疫球蛋白水平均降低,且观察组C反应蛋白(9.25±1.06 mg/L)、中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(1.22±0.31)、降钙素原(1.17±0.31 ng/L)均低于常规组(10.84±1.27 mg/L、1.48±0.36、1.41±0.45 ng/L)(均P<0.05)。结论:NCPAP序贯HHFNC可缩短肺炎合并RF新生儿临床症状改善时间,调节患儿血气指标及免疫功能,减轻炎症反应。

PS改良给药与流量CPAP呼吸机治疗新生儿ARDS

目的:探讨肺表面活性物质(PS)改良给药与流量持续气道正压通气(CPAP)呼吸机治疗新生儿急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)的应用效果。方法:选取2020年1月至2022年8月本院收治的72例ARDS新生儿为研究对象,随机分为观察组和对照组,每组36例。对照组为常规治疗+流量CPAP呼吸机治疗,观察组在对照组的基础上联合PS改良给药。比较两组血气分析结果、治疗效果及并发症情况。结果:相较于对照组,观察组肺通气和氧合功能均改善,住院时间、通气时间更短,治疗总有效率更高,并发症发生率更低(P<0.05)。结论:PS改良给药与流量CPAP呼吸机能够改善ARDS患儿的肺通气和氧合功能,促进恢复,减少并发症发生,临床疗效显著。

双黄连氧气驱动雾化吸入联合NCPAP治疗对MP合并呼吸衰竭患儿的影响

目的探讨采取双黄连氧气驱动雾化吸入联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)治疗儿童重症支原体肺炎(MP)合并呼吸衰竭的效果及对血清瘦蛋白(Leptin)、白细胞介素⁃17(IL⁃17)及白细胞介素⁃33(IL⁃33)水平的影响。方法选取82例患儿并随机分成观察组42例与对照组40例,对照组采取常规吸氧、止咳及NCPAP治疗,观察组则是在对照组的基础上加用双黄连氧气驱动雾化吸入治疗,比较2组治疗效果。结果观察组患儿各症状消退时间明显比对照组短(P<0.05);治疗后2组血氧饱和度(SaO_(2))、血氧分压(PaO_(2))较治疗前提高,二氧化碳分压(PaCO_(2))较治疗前降低,而观察组指标变化幅度较对照组显著(P<0.05);治疗后2组血清Leptin、IL⁃17、IL⁃33均较治疗前降低,观察组各指标显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论双黄连氧气驱动雾化吸入联合NCPAP治疗儿童重症MP合并呼吸衰竭,可显著改善患儿血气功能指标,降低血清炎症因子水平,促进患儿症状的改善。

Does Positive Airway Pressure Therapy Result in Improved Sleep Quality?

Introduction: Positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy is the gold-standard for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) management. While it is known that PAP is efficacious for controlling breathing events during sleep when it is worn at the right pressure for the amount of time prescribed, there is less clear data on how well it improves sleep quality. There are few studies that have examined the effectiveness of PAP therapy on sleep quality. Methods: OSA participants (n = 241) from a larger trial examining a PAP adherence were included. Participants were provided with PAP instruction and followed at 2 months and 4 months. PAP adherence was measured as the number of hours per night at prescribed pressure, an objective measure of treatment adherence. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used as the primary measure of sleep quality. Results: The PSQI was significantly correlated with PAP adherence at both the 2-month and 4-month time points, such that lower sleep quality was associated with lower PAP use. This finding held for the sleep disturbance subscale of the PSQI. Over 55% of those using PAP therapy at the 4-month time point continued to report significantly disturbed sleep. Discussion: This study shows that PAP therapy does not appear to improve sleep quality to a degree that would be expected. Over half of those patients using PAP therapy still experienced disturbed sleep. Whether the disturbed sleep is directly attributable to the PAP device itself or to disturbed sleep secondary to uncontrolled OSA when PAP is not worn is worthy of further investigation.

早产儿呼吸暂停采取NCPAP联合枸橼酸咖啡因治疗的临床效果分析

目的 分析早产儿呼吸暂停通过持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)联合枸橼酸咖啡因进行治疗的临床效果。方法 110例呼吸暂停早产儿,根据治疗方式不同分为单纯NCPAP治疗组(37例)、单纯咖啡因治疗组(37例)、联合治疗组(36例)。单纯NCPAP治疗组使用单纯NCPAP治疗,单纯咖啡因治疗组使用单纯枸橼酸咖啡因治疗,联合治疗组采用NCPAP联合枸橼酸咖啡因治疗。对比三组患儿疗效、并发症发生率、临床指标、血气指标、肺功能指标、发育情况。结果 联合治疗组患儿总有效率为97.22%,高于单纯NCPAP治疗组的67.57%、单纯咖啡因治疗组的64.86%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。联合治疗组患儿并发症发生率为5.56%,低于单纯NCPAP治疗组的32.43%、单纯咖啡因治疗组的35.14%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。联合治疗组患儿住院时间(18.20±3.86)d、呼吸暂停时间(15.12±2.31)s/次短于单纯NCPAP治疗组的(24.69±5.67)d、(19.46±3.67)s/次和单纯咖啡因治疗组的(24.78±5.58)d、(19.56±3.78)s/次,呼吸暂停次数(1.15±0.14)次/d少于单纯NCPAP治疗组的(2.32±0.46)次/d和单纯咖啡因治疗组的(2.33±0.57)次/d,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,联合治疗组患儿动脉血二氧化碳分压(40.27±3.30)mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)低于单纯NCPAP治疗组的(45.27±4.78)mm Hg、单纯咖啡因治疗组的(45.38±4.89)mm Hg,动脉血氧分压(78.32±6.87)mm Hg、pH值(7.42±0.05)高于单纯NCPAP治疗组的(69.85±5.46)mm Hg、(7.38±0.03)和单纯咖啡因治疗组的(69.85±5.47)mm Hg、(7.39±0.04),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,联合治疗组患儿运动评分(111.36±19.88)分、智力评分(113.68±18.53)分高于单纯NCPAP治疗组的(96.71±20.86)、(98.62±17.58)分和单纯咖啡因治疗组的(96.82±20.98)、(98.71±17.47)分,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。联合治疗组患儿潮气量(8.58±1.68)ml/kg、达峰容积比(37.59±1.68)%、达峰时间比(36.38±1.55)%、每分通气量(0.78±0.29)L/(min·kg)、25%潮气量时呼气流速(36.88±1.36)ml/s、75%潮气量时呼气流速(36.78±1.49)ml/s均高于单纯NCPAP治疗组的(7.64±1.08)ml/kg、(33.06±1.51)%、(33.56±1.37)%、(0.47±0.16)L/(min·kg)、(32.11±1.62)ml/s、(34.13±1.25)ml/s和单纯咖啡因治疗组的(7.53±1.14)ml/kg、(33.04±1.42)%、(33.57±1.48)%、(0.49±0.27)L/(min·kg)、(32.22±1.73)ml/s、(34.26±1.36)ml/s,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 为呼吸暂停早产儿实施NCPAP联合枸橼酸咖啡因治疗,可以改善患儿临床指标,促进患儿神经发育,减少并发症,提升治疗效果,临床应用价值较高。

肺表面活性物质联合NCPAP辅助通气对NRDS患儿症状改善时间的影响分析

目的分析肺表面活性物质(Pulmonary Surfactant,PS)联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Ventilation,NCPAP)辅助通气对新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征(Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome,NRDS)患儿症状改善时间的影响。方法回顾性选取2019年1月—2023年6月京山市人民医院收治的68例NRDS患儿的临床资料,依据治疗方式的不同分为观察组与对照组,每组34例。对照组的治疗方式为NCPAP,观察组的治疗方式为NCPAP联合PS药物。对比两组患儿动脉血气分析指标以及治疗情况。结果治疗1 d后,与对照组比较,观察组的各项动脉血气分析指标均出现更明显的改善,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。观察组的症状改善时间为(1.04±0.57)d,明显比对照组短,差异有统计学意义(t=12.393,P<0.05);同时观察组的氧疗时间、通气时间、住院时间住院均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论NRDS患儿采用NCPAP联合PS药物治疗有利于改善血气指标,缩短其临床症状改善时间。

经CPAP呼吸机吸入NO治疗新生儿持续性肺动脉高压的临床研究

目的探讨应用经鼻持续正压通气(CPAP)吸入一氧化氮(NO)治疗新生儿持续性肺动脉高压(PPHN)的疗效及安全性。方法选取枣庄市妇幼保健院2017年6月至2022年5月新生儿监护室收治的经超声心动图确诊为PPHN的新生儿36例为研究对象,应用CPAP吸入NO,疗程到患儿撤离NO;记录吸入NO前后动脉血氧分压,血氧饱和度、血压、心率等,同时监测二氧化氮(NO_(2))、高铁血红蛋白数值(MHb),血小板和凝血功能。结果吸入NO前氧分压与经皮血氧饱和度低于吸入NO后1、24 h,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);吸入NO前心率、血压、血小板及活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)与吸入NO后1、24 h比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);36例患儿吸入N01、24、48、72 h后的MHb含量均<3%,NO_(2)浓度均<2.0 ppm,均在安全范围。结论经CPAP呼吸机吸入NO治疗PPHN安全有效。

抑郁症合并OSA患者临床症状、糖脂水平的变化及超短期CPAP治疗的影响

目的 探讨抑郁症合并阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(Obstructive Sleep Apnea, OSA)患者临床症状、糖脂水平的变化,同时观察在精神科住院环境下超短期持续气道正压通气治疗(Continuous Postive Airway Pressure, CPAP)的影响。方法 回顾性分析2017年4月~2022年5月在我院完成整夜多导睡眠呼吸监测的抑郁症患者,从中选取两组,分别为抑郁症组(n=42)、抑郁症合并OSA组(n=40)。比较两组被试者临床症状及糖脂水平。抑郁症合并OSA组按照治疗方案不同分为常规治疗组和CPAP联合治疗组,常规治疗组采用常规治疗方案,CPAP联合治疗组在常规治疗方案基础上加用超短期持续正压通气治疗。比较两组被试者治疗前后临床症状及糖脂水平变化的差异,观察超短期持续气道正压通气治疗的影响。结果 抑郁症合并OSA组GLU、TC、TG、HAMD评分、HAMA评分均高于抑郁症组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);抑郁症共病OSA组AHI与HAMD评分呈正相关。治疗后,CPAP联合治疗组的糖代谢指标及抑郁情绪改善均明显优于常规治疗组。结论 抑郁症合并OSA患者存在更严重的糖脂水平紊乱及不良情绪,超短期CPAP治疗可优化患者的糖代谢情况,对抑郁症状的缓解有正性作用。

反比例机械通气联合CPAP治疗新生儿胎粪吸入综合征合并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭的临床效果

目的:探究反比例机械通气(IRV)联合持续气道正压通气(CPAP)治疗新生儿胎粪吸入综合征(MAS)合并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭的效果。方法:选取2019年6月—2021年6月江西省妇幼保健院收治的MAS合并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭患儿80例,采用随机数字表法分为观察组(n=40)及对照组(n=40)。对照组患儿接受CPAP治疗,观察组患儿接受IRV联合CPAP治疗。记录两组治疗前和治疗48 h后的血气分析指标[pH值、动脉血氧分压(PaO_(2))、动脉血二氧化碳分压(PaCO_(2))]、白介素-6(IL-6)及白介素-10(IL-10)水平,并记录两组呼吸支持时间、气促缓解时间、总住院时间和并发症发生率。结果:治疗后,两组PaO_(2)及pH值相比治疗前均显著上升,观察组均高于对照组,两组PaCO_(2)相比治疗前均显著下降,观察组低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组的呼吸支持时间、气促缓解时间、总住院时间均短于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后,两组IL-6相比治疗前均显著下降,观察组较对照组更低,IL-10相比治疗前均显著上升,观察组较对照组更高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组的并发症发生率为7.50%,显著低于对照组的25.00%(P<0.05)。结论:IRV联合CPAP应用于新生儿MAS合并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭能够有效提升患儿氧合,促进气促症状的缓解,缩短住院时间,并降低并发症发生率。

HHHFNC与nCPAP治疗早产儿呼吸窘迫综合征多中心研究

目的:探讨加温湿化高流量鼻导管通气(HHHFNC)与经鼻持续气道正压通气(nCPAP)治疗早产儿呼吸窘迫综合征(RDS)的临床效果。方法:采用多中心前瞻性临床随机对照研究方法,将三家治疗中心诊断为RDS需要无创呼吸支持的早产儿260例纳入研究,根据体质量分为≤1500 g组120例和>1500 g组140例,再按照随机分组原则将每组分为HHHFNC组和nCPAP组。比较各组主要观察指标(治疗失败率、再插管率、医院内病死率、无创通气时间和用氧时间)和次要观察指标[鼻损伤、腹胀、肺气漏、Ⅲ~Ⅳ级颅内出血(IVH)和败血症发生率]。结果:主要观察指标比较,体质量≤1500 g组:HHHFNC组无创通气时间和用氧时间均明显高于nCPAP组(P<0.01),2组治疗失败率、医院内病死率和再插管率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);体质量>1500 g组:HHHFNC组与nCPAP组治疗失败率、无创通气时间、用氧时间、医院内病死率和再插管率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。次要观察指标比较,体质量≤1500 g组:HHHFNC组鼻损伤和腹胀发生率均明显低于nCPAP组(P<0.01),2组肺气漏、Ⅲ~Ⅳ级IVH及败血症发生率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);体质量>1500 g组:HHHFNC组鼻损伤发生率明显低于nCPAP组(P<0.01),2组腹胀、肺气漏、Ⅲ~Ⅳ级IVH及败血症发生率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:HHHFNC可作为体质量>1500 g早产儿轻中度RDS的首选呼吸支持模式。