A Preliminary Study on the Rural Land System Reform in the Context of Rural Revitalization

With the deepening of reform and opening up,the rural land system has experienced the evolution from contracting to transfer to the current rural revitalization strategy,and has always been closely linked to the well-being of farmers and the vigorous development of the rural economy.The reform of this system is not only a key driving force for rural economic development,but also an important cornerstone for realizing the rural revitalization strategy.Through in-depth analysis of the connotation of rural revitalization and rural land system reform,this study discusses in detail the internal dynamic mechanism of rural land system reform driving rural revitalization,and comprehensively analyzes the current implementation of rural land system reform.On this basis,this study puts forward the strategic concept of promoting the rural land system reform in the context of rural revitalization.Studies have shown that the rural land system reform has mainly played a positive role in the following four aspects in promoting rural revitalization:providing a solid material foundation for rural revitalization,optimizing the allocation of rural resources,promoting the transformation and upgrading of rural industrial structure,and promoting rural social harmony and stability.In the context of the current rural revitalization,the rural land system reform is undoubtedly one of the core issues of China s rural development.In order to further improve this system,we need to continue to optimize and innovate the rural land transfer system,the homestead reform system,and the rural collective construction land market entry system.

Effect of Agricultural Land Reform on Cotton Cultivation in Manasi,XinJiang Based on Reformed Farmers

[Objective] The paper was to study the effect of agricultural land reform on cotton cultivation in Manasi, XinJiang based on reformed farmers. [Method] Rural land contract management rights transfer of rural household in Manasi County of Xinjiang Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture were surveyed in August, 2011. Based on the survey data, the paper analyzed the effect of agricultural land reform on cotton culti- vation from 2 aspects of cotton cultivation scale and benefit, and also studied the willingness of farmers for agricultural land reform. [Result] The main obstacle for farmer＇s unwillingness of continuous land reform for cotton cultivation was that the cotton cultivation risk was big, and the benefit could not be guaranteed. The agricul- tural land area per household increased after agricultural land reform, which increased the modernization progress of cotton cultivation. It also increased the benefit of cotton cultivation, and further affected the benefit of cotton cultivation. [Conclusion] The study provided reference for improving scale cotton cultivation efficacy in Xinjiang.

Study on the Influencing Factors of Land Transfer Price in the Context of Rural Land Reform

Agricultural land is the key to large-scale agricultural management,and the transfer price is the key to the success or failure of land transfer. At present,there are many problems in the pricing of rural land transfer in China,such as low price,random pricing,and large price difference,which seriously hinder the development of rural land transfer. Drawing lessons from the research results of domestic and foreign scholars,combined with the actual situation of rural land transfer in China,this paper analyzes the influencing factors of land transfer price in the context of rural land reform. Finally,according to the influence of different factors on the behavior of agricultural land transfer,this paper proposes establishing and perfecting the evaluation system of contracted land,perfecting the evaluation institution of transferred land assets and establishing a unified dynamic monitoring system of land transfer price in the whole country,and then driving the broad masses of farmers to get rich together,which is of great significance to achieving the revitalization of China’s rural areas.

Survey on the Peasants' Will of Forest Land Transfer in the Reform of Collective Forest Right System——On the Case of 180 Peasant Households in Lishui City of Zhejiang Province

Taking sample survey in the eighteen villages of Yunhe, Longquan and Qingyuan County of Lishui City of Zhejiang Province, the results show that the forest land transfer of sample peasants is mainly transfer-out, the private treaty of forest land transfer is the main pattern of most peasant households, forest right trading market hasn't got wide approval in peasants, peasants' dependence on land is reducing, and so on. Through analysis, the reasons of influent transfer of forest land include peasant's subjective will, less type of transfer objects, dull information communication, big difference of expected price and imperfect development of intermediary organization. In order to promote a healthy development of forest land transfer, the paper puts forward proposals of strengthening policy publicity, improving system, identifying property right, pushing variety of transfer types, developing forest land market, cultivating subject of market and so on.

Reform of Rural Land System from the Perspective of New Urbanization

In view of artificially high urbanization rate of China and possible causes,survey and data analysis methods were used to discuss reform of household registration system,and path for promoting rural land system reform. Results show that it is required to eliminate bottlenecks of land system in the advance of new urbanization process. In line with land system bottlenecks of new urbanization,it is recommended to take following measures.( i) Promoting land right confirmation centered land system reform.( ii) Weakening rural land ownership and stressing land use right.( iii) Establishing urban and rural integrated land market and putting an end to low cost urbanization road.( iv) Realizing asset value of rural construction land and tackling the problem of insufficient construction land.( v) Reforming the land expropriation system and increasing the share of gain in land value to farmers.( vi) Implementing different land policies to promote coordinated development of regional social economy.( vii) Establishing land circulation access system to ensure unchanged land use purpose and high efficient use.

Rethinking of Teaching Reform of Land Resource Management Discipline in Local Normal Colleges and Universities under the New Situation

The Agriculture and Forestry discipline in local normal colleges and universities plays an important role in cultivating talents and higher education to serve the local"agriculture,rural areas and farmers".The Land Resource Management discipline is a science that studies the use,allocation,and management of land resources and assets,and has comprehensive and practical features.In the context of the proposal of the rural revitalization strategy and the establishment of the Ministry of Natural Resources of the State Council,the importance of cultivating land resource management talents who understands both land planning and urban planning is self-evident,and the teaching reform of Land Resource Management discipline is receiving much attention.Taking the Land Resource Management discipline of Jiangxi Normal University,a key normal university in Jiangxi Province as an example,combining the characteristics of the discipline setting and the development process,we analyzed the existing problems in its development,so as to provide recommendations for the teaching reform of Land Resource Management discipline in local normal colleges and universities.

Reform of Japan’s Land Planning and Implications to China

This paper first briefly summarized the current state of exploration and construction of China’s land space planning.Then,it analyzed Japan’s land planning reform,studied its spatial planning process and explored relevant reform paths to obtain relevant experience.Through analyzing and summarizing the experience in the exploration of Japan’s land space planning in combination with China’s specific national conditions,it is intended to draw implications for China’s land space planning in the new era,in order to provide references for the future operation of related actual projects of land planning and exploration of related strategic theories.

The Impact of Land Reform on Land Market Activity in Rwanda and Suggestions in Support of Sustainable Urban Development

After a trial period between 2008 and 2010, the LTRP （Land Tenure Regularization Program） was implemented in Rwanda. The program is the consequent implementation of the National Land Policy （2004）, which initiated the reform of the administration of land. With the LTRP, titles to land were registered in the name of every landholder to unlock the potentialities for sustainable growth based on a clear framework, equally valid to all landholders. This paper describes the changes in land and property market activity after the reforms and comments on increasing development pressure on land which can be observed. It recalls that this new market activity is intended and policy-made as a result of the Land Policy with the land tenure regularization and changed land tenure principles, the EDPRS2 which clearly focuses on enabling the private sector to participate in and drive economic development, and the new urbanization agenda coming with the Vision 2020 and the EDPRS2. Identified factors are also discussed which contribute to the new market values of land and a case study in Kigali is referenced which identified accessibility to an area as the most influencing factor, besides access to services and levels of investment on the land. The importance is now, to keep ensuring and enhancing the positive impact of the policy directions in a sustainable manner for their maximum positive impact on socio-economic progress. Provided are recommendations of how to strategically guide public policies and investment in support of sustainable land market activity and using geospatial technologies. The supportive application of technologies is explored.

Scientific Land Reform in Nepal： Question of Equity and Efficiency

Scientific Land Reform is at centre of decades＇ conflict and even during Peace Process in Nepal. In this regards, land reform attempts to address equity and efficiency so as to address historical inequity and injustices for promoting peace process in Nepal. From equity perspective, landlessness, unequal power structure and social relation, injustices and discrimination for long centuries are key land issues. Along with this, economic efficiency is the fundamental for enhancing agricultural growth leading to economic growth. In particular, this article argues that, in the given prevailing condition, i.e. traditional and subsistence and rampant rural poverty and unequal power structure and injustices, small farms perform better leading to food and livelihood security at household level. Consequently, ＇Scientific Land Reform＇ has been defined by taking into account the essence of equity and efficiency.

Reform Paths of Rural Land Property Rights System in the Context of Agricultural Modernization

The reform of rural land property rights system can promote large-scale and intensive agricultural production,improve the quality of laborers,improve agricultural production efficiency,increase farmers'income,and effectively promote the development of agricultural modernization.In the context of the reform of the"separation of three powers",the rural land property rights system still has problems in terms of ownership,use rights,disposal rights,and income rights,which affect the healthy development of agricultural modernization.In this situation,it is necessary to further clarify the subject of rural land ownership,thoroughly improve the right to use rural land,vigorously improve the right to dispose of rural land,effectively protect the right to benefit from rural land,and deeply promote the reform of the rural land property rights system in order to effectively promote the development of agricultural modernization.

Study on Deepening Rural Land Reform and Farmers’ Income

The rural land system reform is an essential part of China s rural economic system reform.In recent years,China s rural land system becomes gradually diversified,and is developing towards market and benefiting people,which is favorable for improving the rural economy.Through more than 40 years of reform and opening up,China s rural land system reform has been continuously deepened and sectionalized,which has also affected the income of farmers.Rural land reform provides great opportunities for farmers to increase their income and contribute to the realization of land asset income and interests.However,the rural land system reform also has some drawbacks,which limit the increase of farmers income.This paper attempts to analyze the internal logic of land system reform and farmers land interests,and accordingly comes up with recommendations for deepening the rural land reform.

Land system reform should protect farmers' interests

|Editorial Note|Land has become an issue of increasing social concern as demand continues to surge in the midst of economic development,urbanization and industrialization.The crux of the issue is the land regime. China has a unique dualistic land regime under which the land market has not been well developed.Based on a review and commentary of the existing land polices,this article elaborates on the deficiencies inherent in China’s dualistic land rights system and land market and offers policy recommendations for promoting land system reform and market development.This study will help us gain an in-depth understanding of the problems in China’s land regime.

Rural Land System Reform Pilot Experiment in Pidu District: Background, Debate and Enlightenment

By combining top-level design with local pilot practices,rural land system reform,as an important priority on the agenda of deepening comprehensive reform,has accumulated a series of replicable and applicable experiences that are conducive to amendments to relevant laws.This paper takes stock of the basic experience of Pidu District in addressing typical problems arising in its rural land system reform and then investigates the inner link between the reform and the persistence of high housing prices in cities,the capital flowing to the countryside,and the rural revitalization program.Based on this analysis,the author puts forward three basic directions of the rural land system reform:remain committed to marketization,balance the interests of all parties and promote the development of rural industries.

Farmland Capitalization an Urgen issue in Institutional Reform

Developing modern agriculture is an important aspect of urban and rural integration. Chintz has adopted a new, highly compatible, multipronged approach. Judgingfrom current agricultural and rural policies, factors like capital, labor and land will continue to interact and revolve. The transformation of China＇s rural land tenure system is at a critical posifion in the overall strategy of developing tile rural economy. However, rural institutional reform will inevitably be constrained by the path and pattern China＇s industrialization, urbanization and agricultural modernization take. Creating a new pattern of urban and rural socioeconomic integration requires reform and improvement of rural grassroots governance structure. The interaction and reconsolidation of the factors have again become intertwined with the superstructure of rural society and will inevitably affect the direction and pace of rural grassroots governance structural reJbrm. Protecting the economic interests of farmers while respecting their democratic rights will always be at the heart of agricultural modernization.

On the Restricting Factors & System Arrangements of Chinese Land Tenure Marketization

As a general rule of Economics of Development,economic growth and development require rational institution guarantee.Land Tenure.As a main institution factor in agricultural development,closely relates to the reform of Chinese agriculture.Based on the relevant theories of Economics of Institution and Economics of Development,and combined with the marketization process of Chinese Land Tenure of Property Rights,the article studied the effects of institutional factors and put forward some choices in the development of agriculture,which is of both significant and practical importance.

Reform and Opening of China's Onshore Oil Industry

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On the Distributive Justice of Land Added Value in the Process of Urban Expansion

It is an unarguable fact that the urban-rural dual structure led to two different results. On the one hand,it had been playing a great role in the city development and prosperity,and on the other hand,it had led the slow development of rural economy and the income gap between rural and urban areas. The government makes efforts to promote the process of urbanization to maintain the sustained development of China's economy and economic transformation which are the two needs of the Chinese reality. But in the top-level design of the policy,the government did not give a fair profits distribution to all social groups. On the contrary,the result of urban development is based on the expense of a part of the people's interests in exchange for the interests of another parts of the people,and especially on the government expropriation in the process of urban expansion. Under Land Administration Law of the People's Republic of China,the government monopolized the expropriation right of the rural land,and the rural collectives and farmers as the land owner and constructors respectively have no rights to decide the land use purposes. In fact,they are forced to accept the land compensation,and because of the little bargaining rights,they gain little from the land value increment. Comparatively,the governments became the biggest beneficiary who made use of the land as a source and capital to earn the achievement in their official career and more money required by the urban development. The paper mainly analyzes the current situation of the distribution of the land added value,elaborates the reasons why the government strives for the land interests,and discusses what farmers lose in the government expropriation. Last but not lest,the author reflects on the land reform and gives a proposal on distribution of land added value.

Innovate the Land Supply Pattern and Stabilize the Housing

In the process of building a harmonious socialist society, the protection of people＇ s livelihood is the priority, and to solve the housing problem of over one billion residents is the top priority. The present thesis begins with the land supply mechanism, and do researches on the style, the source and the type of land supply. With the analysis of land finance, the present thesis finally put forward the measures to innovate the land supply pattern, to increase the supply of low-income housing, to reform the way of land supply and to explore the circulating pattern of normative collective construction land that comes to is on the market. Meanwhile, it combines the present house property tax reform, putting forward the idea that imposing land property tax should be a way to inhibit the behavior of speculation. The present thesis aims at keeping the housing price at a reasonable level so that the purpose of stabilizing the housing price can he achieved.

Influence of Rural Land Institutional Reform on Urbanization During the 13^(th) Five-Year Plan Period:A Case Study of Jiangsu Province

The rural land institutions have confined the process of China's urbanization for a long time. During the 13 th Five-Year Plan period, the Chinese government will push forward a new round of rural land institutional reform, so as to promote the restructuring of current rural land use pattern, change related elements concerning urbanization, and realize the transformation of the urbanization mode. Taking Jiangsu Province, a comprehensive pilot site of new urbanization at the provincial level in China, as an example, the paper summarizes the practical experience of rural land institutional reform in Jiangsu during recent years. Further, through analyzing the influence of rural land institutional reform on the urbanization process of Jiangsu Province during the 13 th Five-Year Plan period, the paper puts forward some policy measures, with the hope of providing a lasting impetus for the new urbanization in Jiangsu Province as well as a reference for other provinces in China.

Making Revolution on the Mind： Fanxin and the Exercise of Thought-Power in the Land Reform Movement of Northern China （1946-48）

The practice of fanxin, literally, ＂turning hearts and minds,＂ was widespread in the Liberated Areas of Northern China during the Land Reform Movement of 194648. This article examines the forms of power relations emerged during the course of revolutionary education and transformation which were geared towards awakening the peasants＇ ＂self-consciousness of mastership.＂ Taking ku/suffering as the focal point, the article investigates two main types of thought-power, ＂speaking bitterness＂ （suku） and ＂visiting the suffering people＂ （fangku）, both of which were important to the practices of fanxin. Through the investigation of fanxin, this empirical study reveals an important feature of the Chinese revolution： that is, the significance of the mind/heart, thought, or ＂spiritual elements.＂